Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 27

Jet Tower Ultimate in Cooling Tower

100% Fan Power Saver


Cooling Tower

Topics
Basic cooling tower
Analysis of existing Cooling Towers
ARMEC and Jet Tower
Installations
Case Study
Life cycle cost analysis

Basic Cooling Tower


What is a cooling tower
Cooling tower is basically heat rejection
equipment. It is a device where heat and
mass transfer take place.

How it works? / Working principle


Water is cooled by evaporation.

Basic Cooling Tower


How much cooling is achievable?
Water gets cooled to atmospheric temperature ,
that is 2 to 5 oC above wet bulb temperature of
air.

Factors affecting cooling rate


Cooling rate (and temperature) depends upon
evaporation rate.

Factors Affecting Evaporation


Rate
Wet bulb temperature of incoming air
Water surface area
Water air ratio
Contact time

Analysis Of Existing Cooling


Towers
Types of cooling tower
Cooling towers are classified on the basis of,
Method of exposing water surface to air and,
Air circulation inside the cooling tower.

CLASSIFICATION
Cooling Tower

(1)
Natural Draught

1(A)
Spray pond

1(B)
Hyperbolic
Natural Draught

(2)
Mechanical Draught/ Non Mechanical Induced Draught

1(C)
Spray Filled
(Atmospheric)

2(A)
Induced Draught
Counter Flow /
Cross Flow

2(B)
Forced Draught

2(C)
Jet Tower

1) Natural Draught Tower


In natural draught cooling tower no
mechanical device is used to create
air flow.

1(A) : Spray Pond

1(B) : Hyperbolic
Natural Draught

1(C) : Spray Filled


Air flow is derived from
natural wind currents.
USAGE:
Spray Filled Cooling
Towers are mainly used
for small refrigeration
and jacket water cooling
applications.

Spray Filled Tower


Merits
* Construction is very simple.
* Inexpensive.

Spray Filled Tower


Demerits
* The performance is dependent on natural wind
conditions.
* It has design restrictions. It is very difficult to
design this type of tower for more than 200 TR
capacity.
* Temperature Drop(Delta T) of only 5 to 6 oC is
achievable. A => R
* It requires 2 to 3 times more space than that of
mechanical draught tower.

2) Mechanical Draught Tower


In Mechanical draught Cooling Tower energy in the
form of Fan / Mechanical device is used to create
air flow.
It can be further classified as,
a) By type of draught
i) Induced Draught
ii) Forced Draught
b) By type of Air Flow
i) Counter Flow
ii) Cross Flow

2(A) : Induced Draught


Counter / Cross Flow
Here Fan is normally
located at top of the tower
and air is drawn through.
Water surface is increased
by fills of wood or plastic
material. Water is distributed
over fills either by spray
(relatively smaller capacity
tower) or through
perforated basin at top of
the tower.

Induced Draught
Merits
* These are most popular towers and can be
designed upto any capacity and any approach.
* Space required is less than natural draught
tower.

Induced Draught
Demerits
* As fan is mounted at top a proper balancing of
fan assembly is required.
* Fan is always in contact with hot and humid air.
So proper MOC for fan becomes essential.
* They are noisy. Continuous humming noise of
Fan will be there.
* Vibrations due to Fan.

2(B) : Forced Draught


Counter / Cross Flow
Here Fan is mounted at the
base and air is forced in at the
bottom and discharged at top.
Water surface is increased by
fills of wood or plastic material.
USAGE:
Normally this type is used for
special applications like
* cooling of corrosive liquids
* Indoor application with duct
work

Forced Draught
Merits
* Vibration is kept down, since mechanical
assembly is near the ground and on a solid
foundation.
* Slightly more efficient than Induced draught.
* The location of mechanical assembly is
comparatively in dry air stream. So less corrosion
in gear assembly.
* Possible to install indoor.

Forced Draught
Demerits
* As air is forced in, it is met with extra resistance
against gravity so more power is required.
* Possibility of recirculation is more.
* Limited fan size (12 feet or less).
* They are noisy. Continuous humming noise of
Fan will be there.
* Vibrations due to Fan.

2(C) : Jet Tower


In Jet tower air current is
produced by Jet Effect. Jet
nozzles are placed at the top
of the tower. When water
comes out of nozzles, it
pushes surrounding air
downwards by Jet effect. This
air is drawn out of tower from
the bottom, through side
eliminators (louvers).

Jet Tower
The Most User Friendly
Energy Saving
Maintenance Free
Constant Efficiency

Jet Tower
Merits
* No special mechanical device like fan / blower is
required for air circulation.
* As water is sprayed, tower becomes spray filled,
hence nothing like pack or fills is required.
* Construction is modular so expansion is very
easy.
* Single tower can be used for multi-application.
* 100 % fan power is saved.
* Practically zero maintenance.

Jet Tower
Demerits
* Air is discharged from side.
* Looks like natural draught tower

Jet Tower
working principle
Jet Cooling
Towers work on
Water Jet
principle. So
when water
comes out of
Jet nozzles, it
pushes the air
below it,
creating a low
pressure zone;
hence
surrounding air
tries to rush in
and air current
from top to
bottom is
established.

TABLE - I
Fan Horse Power for conventional Towers Induced
or Forced
Tower Capacity
ACR Application
TR

50
75
100
125
150
175
200
250
300

D.G.Set Application
KVA

600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
3000
3600

Fan H.P

2
3
5
7.5
7.5
10
10
10
10

- 5
- 7.5
- 10
- 12.5
- 15
- 15
- 15
- 20
- 25

TABLE - II
Assumption
Cost of Power

Rs.4.5 / Unit.

Utility Factor

0.7

Cost of Power in Rs.:


=

1 x 0.75 x 24 x 365 x 4.5 x 0.7


Rs.20.695.5

TABLE - III
Cost of Fan Power for various capacity Cooling
Towers
(which is saved by replacing with Jet tower.)
Tower Capacity
ACR Application
TR

50
75
100
125
150
175
200
250
300

D.G.Set Application
KVA

600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
3000
3600

Cost per year in


Thousand Rupees
(As per Table-II)

40 - 100
60 150
100- 200
150 -250
150 -300
200-300
200-300
200-400
200-500

Вам также может понравиться