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Installation Guide
Copyright 2006-2010, Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. and its licensors
Preface
The H3C MSR 20 Routers Installation Guide describes how to install the H3C MSR 20 Routers, maintain
software and hardware of the router, and solve problems you may encounter during the installation
process.
This preface includes:
Audience
Conventions
Obtaining documentation
Technical support
Documentation feedback
Audience
This documentation is intended for:
Network planners
Conventions
This section describes the conventions used in this documentation set.
Symbols
Convention
Description
WARNING
An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can
result in personal injury.
CAUTION
An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can
result in data loss, data corruption, or damage to hardware or software.
IMPORTANT
NOTE
TIP
Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports
Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features.
Documents
Purposes
Software configuration
Operations and
maintenance
Obtaining documentation
You can access the most up-to-date H3C product documentation on the World Wide Web at
http://www.h3c.com.
Click the links on the top navigation bar to obtain different categories of product documentation:
[Technical Support & Documents > Technical Documents] Provides hardware installation, software
upgrading, and software feature configuration and maintenance documentation.
[Products & Solutions] Provides information about products and technologies, as well as solutions.
[Technical Support & Documents > Software Download] Provides the documentation released with the
software version.
Technical support
customer_service@h3c.com
http://www.h3c.com
Documentation feedback
You can e-mail your comments about product documentation to info@h3c.com.
We appreciate your comments.
Contents
Overview 1
Introduction 1
Router Model and Structure 1
Hardware Specifications 1
MSR 20-20 Router2
MSR 20-21 Router4
MSR 20-40 Router6
Generic Modules8
SIC and DSIC Interface Cards 8
ESM Module 8
VPM and VCPM Module 9
Installation Preparations 10
Requirements on Environment 10
Requirements on Temperature/Humidity 10
Requirements on Cleanness 10
Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention 11
Requirements on Electromagnetic Environments 11
Requirements on Preventing Lightning 11
Checking the Rack 12
Safety Precautions 12
Installation Tools and Meters and Equipments 12
Installation14
Installation Process 14
Installing the Cabinet 14
Installing the Router 14
Installing the Router on a Workbench 15
Installing the Router in a Cabinet 15
Installing Generic Modules 17
Connecting the PGND Cable 17
Connecting the Power Cord 18
Power Input and PGND 18
Connecting the AC-input Power Cord 18
Connecting the Console Terminal 19
Fixed Interfaces 20
Ethernet Interface 20
Ethernet Switching Interface 21
Connecting AUX to a Modem 22
Interface Modules 23
Installing and Removing Interface Modules 23
Slide Rail 24
Installing a DSIC Interface Card 24
Removing a DSIC Interface Card 25
Verifying Installation 25
Startup 26
Setting up Configuration Environment 26
Powering on the Router 28
i
Startup Process 29
Configuration Fundamentals 30
Basic Configuration Procedures 30
Command Line Interface 30
Arranging Slots and Numbering Interfaces 31
Software Maintenance33
Introduction 33
Files 33
Software Maintenance Methods 34
Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines 35
Maintaining the Router Through TFTP Server 36
Maintaining the Router Through FTP Server 38
BootWare Menu 41
Main BootWare Menu 41
BootWare Submenus 43
Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface 46
Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters 46
Upgrading Procedure 47
Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface 49
Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface 49
XModem Protocol Overview 49
Modifying Serial Interface Parameters 50
Upgrading BootWare 51
Upgrading an Application Program through a Serial Interface 53
Maintaining Application and Configuration Files 53
Dealing with Password Loss 55
User Password Loss 55
BootWare Password Loss 56
Super Password Loss 56
Backing Up and Restoring BootWare 57
Hardware Maintenance 58
Preparing Tools 58
Opening/Closing Chassis Cover 58
Internal Structure 60
Installing/Removing CF Card 61
Structure 61
Installing CF Card 61
Removing CF Card 62
Replacing Memory Bar 62
Memory Bar Structure 63
Memory Bar Slot 64
Installing/Removing Memory Bar 64
Installing/Removing ESM/VCPM Card 65
Troubleshooting 67
Index 70
ii
Overview
Introduction
MSR 20 Routers were self-developed for use on enterprise-level networks. Depending on the network size,
MSR 20 Routers can be either core routers on small and medium enterprise networks, or access routers
for network branches on some large-sized enterprise networks. Therefore, MSR 20 Routers are suitable
for the application on the carrier-level networks, such as telecom management networks and billing
networks. MSR 20 Routers adopt modular design and provide a wide range of optional smart interface
cards (SICs). The MSR-20, MSR 20-21 and MSR 20-40 are available with AC-powered units.
Currently, the MSR 20 includes the following models:
MSR 20-20
MSR 20-21
MSR 20-40
Hardware Specifications
Table 1 Hardware specifications for the MSR 20 routers
Item
MSR 20-20
MSR 20-21
MSR 20-40
Console
AUX
USB
FE
Two FE interfaces
Two FE interfaces
Two FE interfaces
FE switching
interface
SIC module
2 SICs
2 SICs
4 SICs (compatible
with 2 DSICs)
ESM module
VCPM module
VPM strip
Processor
PowerPC
PowerPC
PowerPC
Boot ROM
4 MB
4 MB
4 MB
Fixed
interfaces
External
modules
Internal
modules
Item
MSR 20-20
MSR 20-21
MSR 20-40
SDRAM
SDRAM
SDRAM
Default: 128 MB
Default: 128 MB
Default: 128 MB
Maximum: 384 MB
Maximum: 384 MB
Maximum: 384 MB
Default: 256 MB
Default: 256 MB
Default: 256 MB
Maximum: 1 GB
Maximum: 1 GB
Maximum: 1 GB
Weight
AC input
54 W
54 W
100 W
Operating temperature
0C to 40C (32F to
104F)
0C to 40C (32F to
104F)
0C to 40C (32F to
104F)
5% to 90%
5% to 90%
5% to 90%
Memory
CF flash
Dimensions (H W D)
NOTE:
The Boot ROM stores the Bootstrap for booting the router.
The memory is used to store the communication data between the system and the CPU when the system
is running.
The CF card is used to store the software system and configuration file. The CF card LED blinks when the
system is reading/writing data from/to the CF card. In this case, do not remove the CF card, otherwise
hardware and software damage may occur.
Do not unplug the USB device during USB data transmission; otherwise, data loss or even hardware
failures may occur.
The USB interface does not support hot-swapping of USB modems from Sierra Wireless.
Front view
Rear view
(11) CF card
Panel LEDs
The following table gives the features of MSR 20-20 router LEDs:
Table 2 Front panel LEDs of an MSR 20-20 router
LED
Description
Power LED:
PWR
SYS
LED
Description
ESM module LED:
ESM
Description
LINK
ACT
CF
Front view
Rear view
(11) CF card
Panel LEDs
The following table gives the features of MSR 20-21 router LEDs:
Table 4 Front panel LEDs description of an MSR 20-21 router
LED
Description
Power LED:
PWR
SYS
Description
LINK
LED
Description
ACT
CF
Front view
(6) CF card
2.
Rear view
(1) FE interface 0
(2) FE interface 1
(8) LEDs
Panel LEDs
Description of LEDs on an MSR 20-40 router is as follows:
Table 6 Front panel LEDs of an MSR 20-40 router
LED
Description
Power LED:
PWR
SYS
CF
Steady green means the CF card is in place, and can be identified by the router.
Blinking green means the CF card is being accessed and cannot be removed.
Steady yellow means the CF card is in place, but cannot be identified by the router.
OFF means no CF card is inserted or the CF card cannot be identified.
Description
LINK
ACT
ESM0 to 1
LED
Description
VCPM
VPM0 to 1
Generic Modules
The MSR 20 is available with generic modules such as SIC interface card and ESM. For detailed
information about interface cards, refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual.
For the types of interface modules that each model of the MSR 20 routers can accommodate, refer to
Appendix A Interface Card and Interface Module Purchase Guide in the MSR Series Routers Interface
Module Manual.
ESM Module
ESM module supports IPSec and by using hardware encryption expedites IP packet encryption. The use
of hardware encryption/decryption and hashing operation allows the router to encrypt packets with high
performance and reliability.
The encryption card is optional. On a router installed with an encryption card, the main control board
functions to route IP packets and implement encryption-enabled VPN, while the encryption card functions
to encrypt packets.
Table 8 Encryption card attributes
Attribute
Description
Protocol
IPsec
Attribute
Hardware encryption algorithm
Description
Key algorithms: DES, 3DES, AES
Authentication algorithms: HMAC-MD5-96, HMAC-SHA-1-96
NOTE:
VPM/VCPM is only available on MSR 20-40.
Installation Preparations
Requirements on Environment
The MSR 20 routers are designed for indoor applications. To ensure the normal operation and prolong
their service life, the following requirements for installation site must be met.
Requirements on Temperature/Humidity
To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, certain requirements on temperature and
humidity in the equipment room shall be met. If the relative humidity is too high, the insulation materials
in it will deteriorate easily or even lead to electric leakage. Sometimes this will result in change to the
mechanical performance of the materials and rusting of the metal components. If the relative humidity is
too low, the fastening screw will become loosen due to shrinkage of the isolation spacer. In an
environment with dry climate, static electricity may be produced, putting the CMOS of the router to risk.
High temperature is of the greatest risk: for it will significantly degrade the routers reliability, speed up
aging process of the insulating materials, and shorten the service life of the router.
The requirements on the temperature and humidity for MSR 20 are shown in the following table:
Table 9 Temperature/humidity requirements in the equipment room
Temperature
Relative humidity
5% to 90% (non-condensing)
Requirements on Cleanness
Dust is harmful to the safe operation of the Router. Dust on the chassis may result in static absorption, thus
causing poor contact of the metal connection components or points. Especially under the condition of
low indoor humidity, dust is easier to be absorbed.
The requirements on the dust concentration and diameter are shown in the following table:
Table 10 Limitation on dust content in equipment room
Diameter (m)
0.5
Concentration
(particle/m)
1.4 107
7 105
2.4 105
1.3 105
Besides the dust specifications, the equipment room of the Router should also meet the rigorous
requirements for the content of salt, acid and sulfide. These harmful gases could accelerate the metal
erosion and aging process of some parts. The specific limits of these harmful gases as SO2, H2S, NO2,
NH3 and CI2 are given in the following table.
Table 11 Harmful limits in equipment room
Gas
Max (mg/m3)
SO2
0.2
10
Gas
Max (mg/m3)
H2S
0.006
NH3
0.05
CI2
0.01
Make sure that the equipment and the floor are well grounded.
Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap and uniform when contacting the circuit board.
Place the uninstalled circuit board on the antistatic workbench, with its face upward, or put it into
the static shielding bag.
When observing or removing the uninstalled circuit board, please touch the edge of the circuit
board, and avoid contacting the devices on it.
Take effective measures to prevent the power system from being interfered with by the power grid
system.
Use an earthing system or lightning protection grounding different from that for the power supply
equipment and keep them as far as possible.
Keep the router far away from the radio launcher, radar launcher, and high-frequency devices
working in high current.
Ensure the ground point of the socket of AC power supply is well grounded.
11
To enhance the lightning protection capability of the power supply, a lightning arrester could be
installed at the input end of the power supply.
As for the signal line outdoors to which the interface modules of MSR 20 routers are connected,
such as ISDN line, telephone line, E1/T1 line, etc, a special lightning arrester should be installed
at the input end of the signal line to enhance the lightning protection capability.
There is spacing reserved at the air inlet and outlet in the router so as to facilitate the radiation of
the router cabinet.
Make sure that the rack is sturdy enough to support the weight of the device and the installation
accessories.
Safety Precautions
Routers play a key role in data communications network. Please pay attention to the following:
WARNING: indicates that this operation is incorrect and may seriously damage the router or
endanger the operator. Please follow the correct operation procedures for sake of safety.
CAUTION: indicates that during the installation and usage of the router, the operation needs
attention. If this operation is performed incorrectly, it might affect the operation of the router.
When installing or working on the router, you are recommended to:
Keep the router far away from the heat sources and water/liquid.
Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap in installation and maintenance, making sure that the strap has
good skin contact.
Do not hot swap the interface modules and interface cards of the router.
Correctly connect the interface cable for the router. Do not connect the telephone cable (including
the ISDN cable) to the AUX port or the console port.
Use laser with caution. Do not directly stare into apertures or fiber-optic connectors that emit laser
radiation.
Phillips screwdriver
Straight screwdriver
12
Cables
Console cable
Optional cables
Multimeter
CAUTION:
None of the above-mentioned installation tools, meters, and equipment are shipped with MSR 20 routers.
13
Installation
Installation Process
Figure 7 MSR 20 Router installation process
14
Physical dimension
(H W D) (excluding feet and mounting brackets)
MSR 20-20
MSR 20-21
MSR 20-40
Install the router after you have completed the installation preparations.
The router can be installed:
On a workbench
In a cabinet
Reserve a space of 10 cm (3.9 in.) around the router for heat dissipation.
Do not place heavy objects on the router to avoid extruding the device and affecting heat
dissipation performance.
Mounting brackets
Figure 8 Mounting brackets
15
Installation process
Step1
Check the grounding and stability of the rack. Use the screws to fix the mounting brackets at both sides
of the front panel or the rear panel of the router.
Step2
Put the router in a rack tray. For MSR 20-40 routers, use dedicated ears mounted on the rear panel if no
tray is available. Depending on the actual situation, slide the router along the chassis guides to an
appropriate place.
Step3
Fasten the mounting brackets with the recess screws to fix the router in the rack horizontally and firmly.
The specifications of recess screws should satisfy the installation requirements and the surface of the
screws should be anti-rust.
Figure 9 Installing MSR 20 Router in a rack
16
Figure 10 Installing ears on the rear panel of the MSR 20-40 Router
17
Use a PGND wire to connect the screw to the earth ground, and the grounding resistance should not be
greater than 5-ohm. Likewise, if the router is installed in a 19-inch standard rack, this rack is required to
be grounded too.
WARNING!
When the router is in normal operation, it is required to be well grounded. Otherwise, the router cannot
reliably avoid lightning, which may damage the router itself and even the peer device.
Description
Power input
PGND
18
(2) AC input
Make sure that the PGND is securely connected to the earth ground.
Step2
When the power switch of the router is in the OFF position, insert one end of the power cord
accompanying the router into the power socket on the chassis rear panel, and connect the other end of
the cable to an AC power source at your installation site.
Step3
Step4
Check that the PWR LED on the front panel of the router is on for correct connection.
Description
Connector
RJ-45
Interface standard
RS232
Baud rate
Function
Console cable
Console cable is an eight-wire shielded cable. At one end of the cable is a crimped RJ-45 connector to
the console port on the router; at the other end of the cable is a DB-9 (female) connector to the serial port
on the console terminal.
19
Step2
Fixed Interfaces
Ethernet Interface
Ethernet interface
MSR 20 Routers are available with fixed 100Base-TX FE interface(s) and Ethernet modules/cards for
expansion. For more information, refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. The following
table describes Ethernet interface attributes.
Table 15 Attributes of the Ethernet interface
Attribute
Description
Connector
RJ-45
Interface
MDI/MDIX autosensing
Ethernet_II
Frame format
Ethernet_SNAP
10/100 Mbps autosensing
Operating mode
NOTE:
MDI (Media Dependent Interface) is a typical type of Ethernet interface provided by network adapters.
MDIX is crossover media-dependent interface, which is commonly found on a Hub or LAN switch.
20
Ethernet cable
Ethernet interfaces usually use category 5 twisted pair cables, as shown in the following figure:
Figure 14 Ethernet cable
Standard cable, also called straight-through cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the
RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. The cable connects different categories of devices, such as
a terminal device (PC for example) or router to a Hub or LAN switch. The cable accompanying the
router is standard cable.
Crossover cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different
sequences. The cable connects the same category of devices, such as PC to PC or PC to router. You
can make crossover cables yourself as needed.
NOTE:
In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for electromagnetic compatibility sake.
Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to an Ethernet port on the router and the other end to another
device.
Step2
For a 10/100 Mbps port provided by the RPU, connect it to a PC or another router using a crossover
cable or to a Hub or LAN switch using a straight-through cable.
View the LINK LED of the Ethernet interface: ON means a link is present. OFF means no link is present;
check the line for the cause.
Description
Connector
RJ-45
Interface
MDI/MDIX
Ethernet_II
Frame format
Ethernet_SNAP
10/100 Mbps autosensing
Operating mode
21
NOTE:
MDI (media dependent interface is a typical type of Ethernet interface provided by network adapters.
MDIX is crossover media-dependent interface, which is commonly found on a Hub or LAN switch.
Ethernet cable
Ethernet interfaces usually use category 5 twisted pair cables, as shown in the following figure:
Figure 15 Ethernet cable
Standard cable, also called straight-through cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the
RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. The cable connects different categories of devices, such as
a terminal device (PC for example) or router to a Hub or LAN switch. The cable accompanying the
router is straight-through cable.
Crossover cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different
sequences. The cable connects the same category of devices, such as PC to PC or PC to router. You
can make crossover cables yourself as needed.
NOTE:
In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for electromagnetic compatibility sake.
Step1
For a 10/100 Mbps port provided by the RPU, connect it to a PC or another router using a crossover
cable or to a Hub or LAN switch using a straight-through cable.
View the LINK LED of the Ethernet interface: ON means a link is present.
Step2
AUX cable
AUX cable is an eight-wire shielded cable. At one end of the cable is an RJ-45 connector for connecting
the console port on the router. At the other end are DB-9 (male) connector and DB-25 (male) connector.
You can plug either of them into the serial port on a modem as needed.
22
Plug the RJ-45 connector of the cable into the AUX port on the main board.
Step2
Plug the DB-25 or DB-9 connector into the serial port on the analog modem.
When using the AUX interface for remote configuration or dial backup, you need to connect the local
modem to the remote modem through PSTN and then to the remote device. For the configuration
procedures, refer to MSR Series Routers Configuration Guide.
Interface Modules
The MSR 20 Routers are available with various types of interface modules. For detailed information refer
to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual.
23
Slide Rail
SIC slide rail
Figure 17 SIC slide rail
Blank panel
Figure 18 Blank panel
Remove the blank panel covering the slot and keep it for future use.
Step2
Step3
Loosen the captive screws with a Philips screwdriver and remove the slide rails for future use.
Step4
Insert the interface card in the slot and fasten the screws with a screwdriver.
24
Loosen the screws on the interface card and remove the card.
Step2
Insert a slide rail into the slot and fasten the captive screws on the slide rail.
Step3
Verifying Installation
During router installation, you must verify installation each time you power on the router, making sure
that:
There is enough space around the router for heat-dissipation and the workbench is stable enough.
The router is correctly connected to the console terminal and other devices.
CAUTION:
It is very important to verify the installation because the stability and grounding of the router and the power
supply will directly affect the operation of the router.
25
Devece
Console cable
PC
Open the console terminal and setting up a new connection. Select the serial interface to be connected
in the Connect using field in the Connect to box as shown in the following figure. Note that the selected
serial interface should be consistent with the actual serial interface connected by the console cable.
26
Step2
Set terminal parameters. As shown in the following figure, in the properties dialog box of the serial
interface, set the baud rate to 9600, data bit to 8, no parity check, stop bit to 1, and flow control to none.
Then, click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window.
Figure 23 Setting serial interface parameters
Step3
Set HyperTerminal properties. Select File > Properties > Settings in the HyperTerminal to enter the
properties setting window as shown in the following figure. Select the terminal emulation type to be
VT100 or auto detect, and click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window.
27
Whether the power cord and PGND wire are correctly connected.
Whether the voltage of the power supply complies with the requirement of the router.
Whether the console cable is correctly connected, whether the PC or terminal for configuration is
open, and whether the settings are done.
WARNING!
Before powering on the router, the user should be aware where the switch of the power supply to the
router is located, so that the power supply can be disconnected in time once accidents occur.
The LEDs on the front panel show that the router is operating normally.
2.
28
For local configuration, after you power on the router, you can see the startup banner. See section Startup
Process.
3.
After completing the power-on self-test (POST), the system asks you to press <Enter>. When the
prompt appears, you may proceed to configure the router.
Startup Process
After power-on or during the reboot process, the following information is displayed on the terminal:
System application is starting...
Booting Normal Extend BootWare........
The Extend BootWare is self-decompressing...................
Done!
**************************************************************************
*
*
*
MSR20-40
*
*
**************************************************************************
Compiled Date
: Jul
7 2008
CPU Type
: MPC8248
CPU L1 Cache
: 16KB
: 400MHz
Memory Type
: SDRAM
Memory Size
: 384MB
Memory Speed
: 100MHz
BootWare Size
: 4096KB
Flash Size
: 4MB
cfa0 Size
: 64MB
CPLD Version
: 130.0
PCB Version
: 2.0
BootWare Validating...
Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu...
Press Ctrl+B to enter the extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program
decompression process.
NOTE:
Press Ctrl + B within six seconds after Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu... appears to enter the
extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program decompression process. You
need to restart the router if you want to enter the extended Boot ROM menu after the decompression
process.
starting to get the main application file--cfa0:/main.bin!
......
......
29
Press Enter. The router enters user view and you can configure the router.
Configuration Fundamentals
In general, the configuration steps are as follows:
Step1
Before configuring the router, the networking requirements should be made specific, which include
networking purpose, the role of the router in the network, the division of subnets, WAN type and
transmission medium, the network security policy and reliability.
Step2
Based on the above requirements, draw a clear and integrated networking diagram.
Step3
Configure the WAN interface of the router. First, configure the physical operating parameters (e.g., the
operating mode of the serial interface, baud rate and synchronous clock) of the interface according to
the transmission medium of the WAN. For the dial-up interface, the user also needs to configure DCC
parameters. Then, configure the link layer protocol encapsulated on the interface and the related
operating parameters according to the WAN type.
Step4
Configure the IP addresses or IPX network numbers of all the interfaces on the router according to the
division of the subnets.
Step5
Configure the routes. If it is necessary to enable a dynamic routing protocol, the user should configure
the related operating parameters of the protocol.
Step6
If special security is required, perform the security configuration for the router.
Step7
If special reliability is required, perform the reliability configuration for the router.
See MSR Series Routers Configuration Guide for the configuration details of the protocols or functions of
the router.
Performs the local or remote configuration through telnet command, which can be used to directly
log on and manage other routers.
Provides network diagnostic tools, such as Tracert and Ping, to quickly diagnose the availability of
the network.
30
The command line interpreter adopts fuzzy search for the keywords of the command. If the user
enters the conflict-free keyword for a command, the command will be interpreted accordingly. For
example, for a display command, the user can just enter dis.
(1) Slot 1
(2) Slot 2
(1) Slot 1
(2) Slot 2
31
(1) Slot 1
(2) Slot 2
(3) Slot 3
(4) Slot 4
Interface numbering
The MSR 20 Router interface adopts two dimension numbering rules, shown in the following:
The interfaces are represented by interface-type X/Y, where interface-type can be serial,
asynchronous, or Ethernet, and so on; X specifies the slot number; Y specifies the interface number.
For every interface, Y starts from 0 and Y indicates the interface sequence on the interface module,
from left to right.
If you install an SIC-1FEA and an SIC-4FSW respectively in SLOT1 and SLOT2 on the AR MSR 20-20, the
Ethernet interfaces are numbered as follows:
The Ethernet interfaces on the SIC-4FSW module are Ethernet 2/0, Ethernet 2/1, Ethernet 2/2 and
Ethernet 2/3.
32
Software Maintenance
Introduction
Files
BootWare program file
The file is used to boot an application. A complete BootWare file includes two segments: basic and
extended.
The basic section is used for the basic initialization of the system.
The extended section provides abundant human-computer interaction (HCI) functions and is used to
initialize interfaces and update the applications and the boot system.
After the basic section is loaded, you can load and update the extended section through the menu
of the basic section.
Application files
The router is available with Dual Image function. By default, the system defines and attempts to boot in
order with three boot files: main, backup, and secure, provided they are available with CF card. If the
router fails to boot with the secure boot file, it prompts the boot failure. For more information about the
boot files, refer to section Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 53.
The following table gives default names and types of boot files.
Table 17 Default names and types of the boot files
Boot file
File name
File type
main.bin
backup.bin
secure.bin
33
NOTE:
The application programs for system boot can be type M, B and S, but not type N. You can store them
in Flash memory, but only one for each. For example, if an M+B file exists, it is impossible to have
another M or B file. If you change the file type of another file to B, the M+B file becomes a type M file.
You can modify the name of an application file in storage after the application file is loaded. You cannot
modify the file type of a type S application file, but you can modify the file type of type M/B and N
application files in the BootWare menu or using commands after the application program boots.
Secure boot file is the last resort for system boot. You can download it in the BootWare menu and must
name it secure.bin. However, you cannot modify this file or change the type of another file to S. If you
change the name of the secure boot file with the rename command after the system boots, the file is
removed from CF card. To use the secure boot file after that, you need to download it again.
You can store type M, B, S files in storage devices, but only one for each type in each storage device. For
example, if a type M+B file exists in the Flash memory, there will be no type M or B file. If you change
the type of a file to B, the M+B file will become a type M file.
Configuration file
The file stores configuration information of the router.
By default, the system defines three configuration files for booting: main, backup, and default file. If the
three configuration files are loaded in a storage device, the system selects them in sequence until the
router is successfully loaded. To change the sequence of these configuration files or modify them, refer to
Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 53.
The details about the three configuration files and file selection sequence are as follows:
Main configuration file: The configuration file used for booting by default. The file type is M.
Backup configuration file: The file type is B. The system uses the backup configuration file when it
fails to boot using the main configuration file.
Default configuration file: The file type can be M, B, or N. The system uses the default configuration
file when it fails to boot using the backup configuration file. If the system fails to boot using the
default configuration file, it boots with null configuration. The name of the default configuration file
varies with router brands. The main and backup configuration operations on the default
configuration file are the same as those on common configuration files.
NOTE:
The configuration files for system boot can be type M, B and default configuration file of type N, but not
non-default configuration file of type N (i.e. neither M nor B).
You can modify the file name of a configuration file in storage using the command after the
configuration file is loaded. You cannot modify the type of the default configuration file, but you can
modify the file type of type M/B and N configuration files in the BootWare menu or using commands
after the configuration file is loaded.
Upgrade BootWare and an application using the XModem protocol through a serial port.
Upload/download an application and configuration file from a TFTP/FTP server via command
lines.
34
NOTE:
The BootWare program is upgraded together with the Blinux application program. You do not need to
upgrade the BootWare separately. When upgrading the Blinux program, the system checks whether the
running BootWare version is consistent with that in the updating host application program. If
inconsistent, the system asks whether to upgrade the BootWare. If you make no choice within one
second, the system upgrades the BootWare automatically.
When the flexible interface platform (FIP) starts, it automatically checks the running BootWare version.
If the current version is inconsistent with the version used on the FIP, the system upgrades the BootWare
automatically.
Check the current version of BootWare and application program before upgrade. For the version
configuration information, see the corresponding Release Notes.
Figure 28 Upgrade flowchart for BootWare and Comware under Comware V5 environment
Start
Comware version
Upgrade Comware ?
Y
Via network
interface
Xmodem
upgrade
TFTP
upgrade
FTP
upgrade
Upgrade
End
35
Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. For example, the IP address of the TFTP
server is set to 192.168.0.1, and that of the Ethernet interface connected to it (Ethernet 0/0 in this
example) is set to 192.168.0.2. Use the ping command to check whether the connection successful.
drw-
logfile
-rw-
22165484
update.bin
-rw-
1181
startup.cfg
-rw-
22165484
main.bin
Use the following command to upload the startup.cfg file to the TFTP server and save it as startup.bak:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.1 put startup.cfg startup.bak
File will be transferred in binary mode
Sending file to remote tftp server. Please wait... \
TFTP:
36
Use the following command to download the startup.cfg file from the server to the router:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.1 get startup.cfg startup.cfg
The file startup.cfg exists. Overwrite it?[Y/N]:y
Verifying server file...
Deleting the old file, please wait...
File will be transferred in binary mode
Downloading file from remote tftp server, please wait...\
TFTP:
If a startup.cfg file already exists in the router, the system prompts you whether to overwrite it. You can
type Y or y to overwrite it.
Use the dir command to view the application files and the available space of the CF card (ensure that the
CF card has enough space to store a new application):
<SYSTEM>dir
Directory of cfa0:/
0
drw-
logfile
-rw-
22165484
update.bin
-rw-
1181
startup.cfg
-rw-
22165484
main.bin
Download the application msr.bin to the CF card of the device through TFTP:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.2 get msr.bin
Use the boot-loader command to set the startup file for the next startup to msr.bin:
<SYSTEM>boot-loader file cfa0:/msr.bin main
This command will set the boot file. Continue? [Y/N]:y
The specified file will be used as the main boot file at the next reboot on slot 0!
<SYSTEM>
Use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of the device:
37
<SYSTEM>dis boot-loader
The boot file used at this reboot:cfa0:/main.bin attribute: main
The boot file used at the next reboot:cfa0:/msr.bin attribute: main
Failed to get the backup boot file used at the next reboot!
Failed to get the secure boot file used at the next reboot!
<SYSTEM>
Make sure that the configured startup file is correct, and then use the reboot command to reboot the
device:
<SYSTEM>reboot
Start to check
wait.........DONE!
configuration
with
next
startup
configuration
file,
please
This command will reboot the device. Current configuration may be lost in next
startup if you continue. Continue? [Y/N]:y
After the device is rebooted, use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of
the device to make sure that the current application of the device is msr.bin.
CAUTION:
When you back up a file, the file will directly overwrite the one with the same name on the server.
The backup configuration file can be modified by a text editor. You can change the configuration by
downloading the modified configuration file and the modification takes effect after you reboot the
router. Similarly, you can also upgrade the main application file by downloading a new application file
to overwrite the original main application file.
The above operations are performed in user view.
Before upgrading an application, save the current configuration of the device.
When upgrading an application, use the dir command to view the size of the downloaded file and
whether the file is the same as that on the server to ensure that the application is complete and correct.
38
Router
TFTP/FTP Server
Console cable
PC
TFTP/FTP Client
Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP
client (PC) is set to 192.168.1.1, and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0)
is set to 192.168.1.2. Use the ping command to check the connectivity.
Step2
Step3
39
After you correctly enter the username and password, the system prompts login success. You can then
maintain the router, for example, modify transmission mode and local path, and back up files. In this
example, the main.bin file on the router is copied to the PC.
ftp> binary
200 Type set to I.
ftp> lcd c:\temp
Local directory now C:\temp.
ftp> get main.bin main.bin
200 Port command okay.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp: 14323376 bytes received in 16.81Seconds 851.87Kbytes/sec.
Use the following command to recover the backup file to the router:
ftp> put main.bin main.bin
200 Port command okay.
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin.
226 Transfer complete.
ftp: 14323376 bytes sent in 8.29Seconds 1727.37Kbytes/sec.
ftp> quit
221 Server closing.
The router serves as the client, while the PC running FTP server program serves as the FTP server. Set the
FTP server path and add username and password for the router.
40
Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP
server is set to 192.168.1.1, and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0 in this
example) is set to 192.168.1.2. Use the ping command to check the connectivity.
Step2
Maintain the router through the terminal connected with the console interface of the router.
The following gives an example:
<SYSTEM>ftp 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
220 3Com 3CDaemon FTP Server Version 2.0
User(192.168.1.1:(none)):guest
331 User name ok, need password
Password:
230 User logged in
[ftp]
Step3
After an application is uploaded to the device, you can use the boot-loader command to upgrade the
device. For the upgrade procedure, refer to Upgrading the application on page 37.
BootWare Menu
Main BootWare Menu
When the router is powered on and reboots, the console terminal displays:
System application is starting...
Booting Normal Extend BootWare........
The Extend BootWare is self-decompressing...................
Done!
**************************************************************************
41
*
*
*
MSR20-11
*
*
**************************************************************************
Compiled Date
: Jul
7 2008
CPU Type
: MPC8248
CPU L1 Cache
: 16KB
: 400MHz
Memory Type
: SDRAM
Memory Size
: 384MB
Memory Speed
: 100MHz
BootWare Size
: 4096KB
Flash Size
: 4MB
cfa0 Size
: 64MB
CPLD Version
: 130.0
PCB Version
: 2.0
BootWare Validating...
Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu...
NOTE:
The extended BootWare menu is referred to as main BootWare menu hereinafter in this manual unless
otherwise specified.
The sample output above may vary on your device.
If you press Ctrl+B when the system displays Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu..., the system
prompts for the BootWare password:
Please input BootWare password:
After you enter the correct password, the system enters the main BootWare menu. (The initial password
is null. You have three chances to provide the correct BootWare password. If you have tried three times
but failed, you need to reboot the system).
Note: The current operating device is cfa0
Enter < Storage Device Operation > to select device.
==========================<EXTEND-BOOTWARE MENU>==========================
|<1> Boot System
|<0> Reboot
==========================================================================
42
Description
Bootstrap.
<0> Reboot
BootWare Submenus
Serial interface submenu
Through this submenu, you can upgrade an application program, change the baud rate of a serial
interface, and perform other operations.
Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu:
==========================<Enter Serial SubMenu>==========================
|Note:the operating device is cfa0
==========================================================================
43
Description
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-5):
Description
44
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
Description
Delete a file.
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
Description
45
Ctrl+D = Quit.
==========================================================================
Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp
Load File Name
:host
:
:target
:
Server IP Address
:192.168.1.1
Local IP Address
:192.168.1.253
Gateway IP Address
:0.0.0.0
:user
:password
Description
To clear the current field, input a (.) and then press Enter.
To go to the previous field, input a hyphen (-) and then press Enter.
Ctrl+D = Quit
Name of the source file, which must be consistent with the actual name
of the file to be downloaded.
Name for the target file to be saved. By default, it is the same as the
name of the source file on the server.
Server IP Address
Local IP Address
IP address of the local end, that is, the IP address of the FTP/TFTP
client.
46
Parameter
Description
Gateway IP Address
Configure the gateway IP address if the server and the client are not
on the same network segment.
NOTE:
Upon upgrade failure, the system prompts Loading failed. In this case, please reboot the router to
validate the reset IP address.
Only FE0 can be used for upgrading an application program through an Ethernet interface in the MSR
20 routers and GE0 can be used in the MSR 30 and MSR 50 routers.
Upgrading Procedure
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), a protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite, is used to transfer trivial files
between clients and the server. It provides not-so-complex and low-cost file transfer services. TFTP
provides unreliable data transfer services over UDP and does not provide any access authorization and
authentication mechanism. It employs timeout and retransmission to guarantee the successful delivery of
data. The TFTP software is much smaller than the FTP software in size:
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It mainly transfers
files among remote hosts. Over TCP, FTP provides reliable and connection-oriented data transfer service
but does not provide access authorization and authentication mechanism.
Step1
Connect Ethernet 0/0 to a PC with a crossover cable. Start the TFTP/FTP program on the PC, and set the
path of TFTP/FTP server to directory of the application program. You need to set username and password
if FTP server is used.
47
CAUTION:
No TFTP/FTP Server is shipped with the MSR 20 routers.
Step2
Modify Ethernet interface parameters. For details, refer to Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters
on page 46.
Step3
Enter 3 in the main BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet Interface submenu. For example, when
upgrading the main application program, enter 2:
Loading...................................................................
..........................................................................
..........Done!
22165484 bytes downloaded!
Updating File cfa0:/update.bin
Step4
Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system from the Flash memory.
Step5
Set the upgraded application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file of the
system. Enter 4 when the above information appears.
==============================<File CONTROL>==============================
|Note:the operating device is cfa0
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):2
Enter the file control submenu and enter 2 to set the application file type.
'M' = MAIN
'B' = BACKUP
'S' = SECURE
==========================================================================
|NO. Size(B)
Time
Type
Name
|1
22165484
Dec/20/2007 09:18:10 S
cfa0:/update.bin
|2
22165484
Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M
cfa0:/main.bin
|0
Exit
==========================================================================
Enter file No:1
|<2> -Main
|<3> +Backup
|<4> -Backup
|<0> Exit
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):1
Enter 1 to set the selected application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file
of the system.
48
Step6
Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system.
CAUTION:
If the input file name is the same as the original one in the Flash memory, the system prompts that The
file is exist, will you overwrite it? [Y/N]. Enter Y to overwrite the original file. The new application
program file will then overwrite the original file of this type, ensuring the uniqueness of the application
program on the device.
Make sure the available space in the memory is sufficient. Or, the system prompts The free space isn't
enough!
The file updated will directly overwrite the original file of this type to become the only application
program. The file downloaded here will overwrite the original M file and become the main boot
program.
For details of file types, refer to Files on page 33.
You can set the main or backup attribute only for the startup file in the root directory of the device.
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
Before upgrading, enter 4 in the menu to configuring Ethernet parameters. For details, refer to
Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters on page 46. Then you can select to upgrade full BootWare,
extended BootWare, or basic BootWare.
49
starts to transmit data packets. After a complete packet is received, the receiver checks the packet using
the agreed method.
If the check is passed, the receiver sends an acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon
receiving the message, the sender continues to send the next packet.
If the check fails, the receiver sends a negative acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon
receiving the message, the sender retransmits the packet.
|--------------------------<Baudrate Avaliable>--------------------------|
|<1> 9600(Default)*
|<2> 19200
|<3> 38400
|<4> 57600
|<5> 115200
|<0> Exit
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-5):
Select a proper baud rate, 5 for 115200 bps for example. The following prompt appears:
Baudrate has been changed to 115200 bps.
Please change the terminal's baudrate to 115200 bps, press ENTER when ready.
Since the baud rate of the serial interface on the router is changed to 115200 bps, whereas the terminal
baud rate remains 9600 bps, they cannot communicate with each other. Change the baud rate on the
console terminal to the one selected for downloading software.
Perform the following configurations on the console terminal:
Figure 33 Disconnect terminal
Select File > Properties, and press Configure to change the baud rate to 115200 bps:
50
Press Enter to view the current baud rate and return to the previous menu.
The system displays:
The current baudrate is 115200 bps
NOTE:
Restore the baud rate in the HyperTerminal to 9600 bps after upgrading the BootWare. This ensures that
the information can be displayed on the console terminal after system boot or reboot.
Upgrading BootWare
First, enter 7 in the main BootWare menu (refer to Main BootWare Menu on page 41) to enter the
BootWare operation submenu, through which all BootWare operations are performed. For details, refer
to BootWare Submenus on page 43.
The following example illustrates how to upgrade the full BootWare:
51
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
Select Transfer > Send file in the HyperTerminal window. The following window appears:
Figure 36 Send file dialog box
Click Browse to select the application program file to be downloaded, and select XModem for the
Protocol field. Then click Send. The following interface appears:
Figure 37 Sending file interface
Upon completion of downloading, the following information appears, indicating that download and
upgrade succeeds:
Download successfully!
425045 bytes downloaded!
Change the baud rate of the console terminal from 115200 bps to 9600 bps, and then reboot the router.
52
NOTE:
The file name, size and path vary in different situations. Before upgrading, check the current version of
BootWare and application program.
Restore the baud rate in the HyperTerminal to 9600 bps after upgrading the BootWare. This ensures that
the information can be displayed on the console terminal after system boot or reboot.
Upgrading the extended BootWare involves only a segment of BootWare. Once an error occurs, you
can re-upgrade BootWare.
Select an application program file and send it. The procedure for upgrading an application program
through a serial interface is similar to that for upgrading BootWare. For the detailed procedure, see
Upgrading BootWare on page 51.
NOTE:
Generally an application program is more than 10 MB in size. Even if the baud rate is changed to
115200 bps, it usually takes about 30 minutes to upgrade an application program. Therefore, you are
recommended to upgrade an application program through an Ethernet interface.
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
53
'B' = BACKUP
'S' = SECURE
==========================================================================
|NO. Size(B)
Time
Name
|1
640199
Type
cfa0:/logfile/logfile.log
|2
22165484
cfa0:/update.bin
|3
1181
cfa0:/startup.cfg
|4
22165484
Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M
cfa0:/main.bin
==========================================================================
'B' = BACKUP
'S' = SECURE
==========================================================================
|NO. Size(B)
Time
|1
22165484
Type
Name
cfa0:/update.bin
|2
22165484
Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M
cfa0:/main.bin
|0
Exit
========================================================================
Enter file No:
Enter the number of the file to be modified and press Enter, the system will prompt you to modify the file
type:
Modify the file attribute:
==========================================================================
|<1> +Main
|<2> -Main
|<3> +Backup
|<4> -Backup
|<0> Exit
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
You can set the file type to M (main) or B (backup) or cancel the setting by selecting digits 1 to 4. Refer
to Introduction on page 33 for details.
'B' = BACKUP
'S' = SECURE
==========================================================================
|NO. Size(B)
Time
Type
|1
1181
|0
Exit
Name
cfa0:/startup.cfg
|
|
|
==========================================================================
Enter file No:
Enter the number of the file to be modified and press Enter, the system prompts you to modify the file type:
Modify the file attribute:
54
==========================================================================
|<1> +Main
|<2> -Main
|<3> +Backup
|<4> -Backup
|<0> Exit
==========================================================================
Enter your choice(0-4):
You can set the file type to M (main) or B (backup) or cancel the setting by selecting digits 1 to 4. Refer
to Introduction on page 33 for details.
Deleting files
Enter 4 in the file control submenu to delete files:
Deleting the file in cfa0:
'M' = MAIN
'B' = BACKUP
'S' = SECURE
==========================================================================
|NO. Size(B)
Time
Type
Name
|1
640199
cfa0:/logfile/logfile.log
|2
22165484
cfa0:/update.bin
|3
1181
cfa0:/startup.cfg
|4
22165484
Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M
cfa0:/main.bin
|0
Exit
==========================================================================
Enter file No:
Enter the number of the file to be deleted and press Enter, and then the system displays:
The file you selected is cfa0:/backup.bak,Delete it? [Y/N]Y
Deleting........Done!
CAUTION:
You can set the main or backup attribute only for the application and configuration file in the root
directory, and the full filename (including the path) of the application file must not exceed 63 characters.
Enter the main BootWare menu, and enter 6 to boot the system by ignoring the system configuration.
The system displays:
Flag Set Success.
55
When the main BootWare menu appears again, enter 0 to reboot the system.
Step3
The above information indicates that the password authentication is adopted on the console interface
and the password is set to 123456 and stored in plain text.
NOTE:
After reboot, the system runs the initial default configuration, but the original configuration file is stored
in the Flash memory. To restore the original configuration, you can use the display saved-configuration
command to display it, and then copy and execute it.
If the password is stored in plain text, you can use the display current-configuration command to view
the password in the current configuration. If you use the set authentication password cipher 123456
command to set a password, the password is stored in cipher text.
Step4
NOTE:
Use the save command to save your new password.
NOTE:
The password modification fails when the old password is not correct or new password is inconsistent.
Then the system will exit this operation.
56
After you clear the super password, quit the menu and reboot the router, you can directly enter system
view. The setting is valid for the first reboot of the router only. The super password will be restored after
a second reboot.
57
Hardware Maintenance
Preparing Tools
Phillips screwdriver
Straight screwdriver
NOTE:
The tools are not available with the MSR 20. You must prepare one yourself.
Step2
Remove all cables of interface modules on the back panel (keep the ground cable connected).
Step3
Put the router on level ground and have the back panel face you. Loosen the captive screws fastening the
back panel with Phillips screwdriver.
Step4
Put two straight screwdrivers into the holes on the two sides of the chassis and turn them until the tab on
the front edge is separated from the front panel.
Step5
Drag the chassis levelly a little towards your body and lift it, and then you can remove the cover and put
it away.
Figure 38 Remove/install captive screws of MSR 20-20/20-21
58
59
WARNING!
On a mounting screw of your router chassis, there is an anti-dismantle seal of our company. You must
keep it in good condition when asking your sales agent for servicing. You can open the chassis yourself
but with permission of your sales agent and must operate following the related rules. The company is not
liable for any damage or consequence resulted from users' operation without permission.
Do not replace the hardware unless necessary and under the guidance of technical staff.
Ensure that no electricity is present before servicing the device to avoid bodily injuries.
Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap when servicing the device, making sure it has good skin-contact.
Use the memory bars provided by our company only. Otherwise, anomalies might occur to the device.
Internal Structure
Figure 42 Internal structure of MSR 20-20/20-21
(5)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1) Power module
60
(5)
(3)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(8)
(1)
(9)
(1) Power module
(7) Fan
Installing/Removing CF Card
Structure
Figure 44 Front view of CF card
Installing CF Card
Install the CF card following these steps:
61
Step1
Push the spring button into the slot completely, and make sure it only springs out with outside force.
Step2
Press the CF card into the slot in correct orientation, and make sure it only springs out with outside force.
Figure 45 Press the CF card into the slot
NOTE:
Make sure the CF card with correct application program is properly installed in the slot; or, the system
cannot boot.
Removing CF Card
Remove the CF card following these steps:
Step1
Check the CF card LED to make sure it is not blinking, and then proceed.
Step2
Press the spring button to release the internal spring clip, making the card out of the slot a little.
Step3
Push the spring button hard in the orientation shown in the figure below, and the CF card on the right
springs out a little. Then, take it out.
Figure 46 Press the spring button to make the card spring out
CAUTION:
Do not remove the card when the router is booting or the LED is blinking to avoid hardware damage.
62
Prepare tools
End
Memory bars are main board components that you can expand or upgrade as needed. Generally, you
need to do that in the following situations:
More memory is required for the updated application program, maintaining a large routing table,
or processing tasks that consume large memory.
CAUTION:
Hold the memory bar by its edge and avoid touching the components on its surface. An improper
operation might result in damage.
It is normal that you feel hard when removing the memory bar, but do not overexert.
Use the memory bars provided by our company. only. Otherwise, anomalies might occur to the device.
63
Make sure all power interfaces are shut down, and then proceed.
Step2
Align the memory bar golden finger with the slot on the main board.
Step3
Make the memory bar to form an angle of 45 degrees with the main board and insert it into the slot.
Step4
Press the memory bar vertically until you hear a click. This indicates the memory bar is fixed within the
slot.
Step5
Check if the spring clip has locked the memory bar slot.
Figure 50 Install memory bar into the slot
Make sure all power interfaces are shut down, and then proceed.
Step7
Press the spring clips on the two sides of the memory bar, and pull outwards levelly until the memory bar
separates with the spring clips and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the main board.
Step8
64
Make sure all power interfaces are shut down, and then proceed.
Step2
Open the chassis cover (refer to Opening/Closing Chassis Cover for details) to find the card.
Step3
Install the card bracket on specified position on the main board, and fasten it on the board.
Step4
Align the card interface with the slot and press down vertically to install the card on the board. Then,
align the screw eye with the card bracket.
Step5
Fasten the card on the bracket with dedicated screws, making sure the card is level and firm.
Step6
65
NOTE:
Perform the steps inversely to remove the card.
66
Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting the Power System
Symptom:
The PWR LED on the PSU is OFF.
Solution:
Check that:
Step 2: Check the console cable and the terminal (HyperTerminal for example) settings.
Symptom 2:
After the router is powered on, the console screen displays illegible characters.
Solution:
Verify that the terminal settings are as follows:
Baud: 9600
Data bits: 8
Stop bit: 1
Parity: None
Flow control: None
Terminal emulation: VT100
Reconfigure the parameters if their values are different.
67
Ctrl+D = Quit.
==========================================================================
Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp
Load File Name
:host
:
:target
:
Server IP Address
:192.168.1.1
Local IP Address
:192.168.1.253
Gateway IP Address
:0.0.0.0
:user
:password
Loading...Failed!
Solution:
Fault occurs because the source file does not exist, the network cable is not connected, or the IP address
of the PC is incorrect. Make sure that the source file is in the TFTP/FTP root directory, the cable is
connected securely, and the IP address is set correctly.
Symptom 2:
When upgrading the software using TFTP, the system displays:
=========================<ETHERNET PARAMETER SET>=========================
|Note:
|
|
Ctrl+D = Quit.
==========================================================================
Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp
Load File Name
:host
:
:target
:
Server IP Address
:192.168.1.1
Local IP Address
:192.168.1.253
Gateway IP Address
:0.0.0.0
:user
:password
Loading...
Done!
11487495 bytes downloaded.
68
Solution:
Fault occurs because an incorrect application file is downloaded. Download the correct application
program file.
NOTE:
The bar code labels on the chassis and the FICs contain information about production and servicing.
Before you ask your agent for servicing, provide its bar code.
If you do not set the parameters such as the host name and gateway, they will not be displayed when you
upgrade the router. Therefore, the terminal display will be different from the above symptoms.
69
Index
B
BootWare Menu
57
41
Startup
Configuration Fundamentals 30
26
68
67
55
F
Fixed Interfaces
20
Generic Modules
Installation Process 14
Verifying Installation
17
14
Introduction
33
60
M
Maintaining Application and Configuration Files 53
Maintaining Application Program and Configuration
Through Command Lines35
O
Opening/Closing Chassis Cover 58
P
Preparing Tools
58
R
70
25
49