Project : SINGATALUR

Lsy

DT --07.06.05
REV-A
Bsy Lph Bph

mm2

mts

mts

mts

DESIGN CALCULATION OF EARTH MAT IN SWITCHYARD

tC
Isc
amp. sec
5000

ts

sec

mts

0.5

0.60

p
ps
o-m
o-m
80
370 3000
K

DATA

0.038
2
63 mm
2
90.00 mm

Conductor Size
Corrosion factor as20%
Area chosen
Equivalent Diameter of conductor (d)
Width of the conductor

d
mts

750

mts

43

53

d = W/2
as per CBIP Publication no.223

31.56
24.89
28.02

n1 = (Lsy/D) + 1
n2 = (Bsy/D)+1

Spacing factor for mesh voltage =Km

Kii=1 (for grids with ground rods as per IEEE)
Kh=sq.rt.(1+h)
0.10137

Corrected factor for grid geomatry(Ki)

Ki=0.656+ 0.172n

Ki=
Ki=

4.9369 where n= max.(n1n2)

4.9369 (shall be used for Estep calculated)

Ki=

5.4762 where n= sq.rt.(n1*n2)

(shall be used for Emesh calculated)

Lmax.=((length/spacing)+1)breadth +((breadth/spacing)+1)length.
=
2725.78
Total Lmax.(Switchyard)=
2725.78 mts.

(L )Length of conductor. =

38

Where W =width of the conductor

1 D 2 ( D + 2h) 2 h K ii 8

Km = ln
+
+ ln
2 16hd
8 Dd
4d K h (2n 1)

km=

mts

(75x10mm m.s, flat)

75.0 mm
0.038 mts.

Calculation of burial of conductor

Nos. of conductors n1 in SY=
Nos. of conductorsn2 in SY =
n=sqrt n1xn2

55

I SC
K
=
AMM
tC

2
750.00 mm

W=
d=

1.8

KmxKi xIsc x pxSq.rt.ts

157+0.235 ps

L=

759 mtrs.

Length in switchyard

Lsy=

length of vertical electrodes (50x3)

2725.8 mtrs.
150.00 mtrs.

length of conductor equivalent to 13mmx100mmID thick 25nos. Cast iron pipe used in periphery of s/y=419.38
=
419.38

Total length of flat Lactual=

3295.2 mtrs.
Lactual is considred for step and touch potential & resistance
Check the adequacy of (L) for Estep &Emesh.
Estep tolerable= (RK+ 2XCsxRf) Ik volts
Rf =3ps
where 3ps is the resistivity of soil
near the surface of ground in ohm metre
Ik = Rms value of current flowing
through the body in amps
Ik=0.157/sqrt ts for body weight of 70kg
Rk is the resistance of body in ohms
usually = 1000 ohms
Cs

Cs

1 / s
2hs +

= 0.106 m

0.696
hs=0.1

ESTEP (70) =

( (1000+6Cs.ps)0.157)/Sq.rt.ts
3004.94 volts.

Estep calculated =

Estep cal. =

KsxKi xIsc x p
L
Ks= Spacing factor for step voltage

Ks = 1/3.14 ( 1/2xh + 1/D+h +

1/D( 1-(.5)EXP(N-2))
KS =

0.833
2.40
0.417
0.0000000

KS =
Ks=
Estep

calculated

1
0.5556
1.81
0.5750
0.5750
1594
1594 Volts

Since Estep calculated is less than Estep tolerable hence safe

Etouch70 (tolerance) =( (1000+1.5Cs. s)0.157)/ts

917.75 Volts.
=

E Mesh =

917.75 Volts.

K mxKixxIsc
L
E Mesh volts =

311.7 Volts.

Lactual is considered for calculating

the Emesh voltage.

Since Emesh is less than Etouch(tolerable) t hence safe

Lactual is considered for resistance calculation
Calculation of Grid Resistance .=

37000

2069356

0.02
19.995
2
0.35750 (100p/2x3.14xLactual) x loge(2x (Lactual) /(hxt))
0.35750 ohm
Calculation of for one CI Pipe .=

37000

1884

19.64
4.725
92.785 Ohm

R=((100p/2*3.14*l)*(ln(4l/d)))
where l=length of the pipe in cm
d=dia of the pipe in cm

Since the 25 nos. of pipes are inserted parallel, overall resistance of all pipes as per IS
3.711 ohm

Calculation of for one rod .=

37000

1884

19.64
5.991
117.667 Ohm

R=((100p/2*3.14*l)*(ln(4l/d)))
cm
where l=length of the rod in
d=dia of the rod in cm

Since the 50 nos. of rods are inserted parallel, overall resistance of all rods as per IS
2.353 ohm
The pipes&rods resistance is again parallel to the grid resistance ,the overall resistance will be
1/(RCI pipe)+1/(RSY)+1/(Rrod)= 1/R net s.yard
Rnet syard

Ground potential rise

0.28641 ohm

1432.03

volts. GPR = Isc x R

Summary of results :
Switchyard area on which the design of earth mat is done =

55

43

mtrs

750

mm2

Depth of burried conductors

0.60

mtr.

Spacing between conductors

1.8

mts.

Length of the conductor

3295

mts.

Length of vert.electrode(50x3) for interconnection

150

mts.

Estep70 tolerable

3005

Volts.

Required Value

Estep calculated

1594

Volts

3005 V

Etouch70 tolerable

917.8

Volts

Emesh calculated

311.7

Volts.

Resistance of earthing system

0.286

Ohm

Ground potential rise

1432

Volts

Size of conductor chosen

Reference standard :- ANSI/IEEE STD 80 , IS: 3043

: - CBIP publication no. 223

918