CIVL2611 Introductory Fluid Mechanics

CIVL9611 Introductory Fluid Mechanics

Tutorial 5 Solutions
Question 1:
z
h

3 cm
For fluid in rigid body motion we have

ay
dz
=
dy
g + az
Also from the geometry we have

dz
h
=
dy 0.03
Here az = 0, ay = 3 m/s2, g = 9.81 m/s2. Thus,

3
h
=
0 + 9.81 0.03

Solving the above equation gives

h = 0.0092 m = 9.2 mm
The negative sign means that the surface is deflected as shown in the figure. This is expected
for a positive acceleration in the y direction.

Question 2:

0.2 m

0.5 m

0.5 m
For fluid in rigid body motion we have

ay
dz
=
dy
g + az
Also from the geometry we have

dz
h
=
dy 0.25
Here az = 0, ay = 3 m/s2, g = 9.81 m/s2. Thus,

3
h
=
0 + 9.81 0.25

Solving the above equation gives

h = 0.076 m < 0.2 m

Therefore, the fuel in the tank does not enter the filler pipe.

Question 3:
L

Air hole
z
0.2 m

Air
Air

y
1m

1.2 m

Water

B
2m

2m
Accelerated configuration

Rest configuration

Since the volume of water is constant, so is the volume of the air. Accordingly,

2 0.2 =

1
L 1.2
2

L = 0.667 m

Therefore,

dz 1.2 1.2
=
=
= 1.8
dy
L
0.667
Also

ay
ay
dz
=
=
= 1.8
g + az
g +0
dy
From above we obtain

a y = 17.7 m/s 2
In order to find pressure at B, we use
p2 p1 = a y ( y2 y1 )

where the positions and are shown above with y1 = 0 and y2 = 2 m.

At y1 = 0, p1 = 0 (gauge pressure).
At y2 = 2 m, p2 = pB.
Therefore,

p B = a y ( y 2 y1 )

= 998 17.7 ( 2 0 )
= 35.3 kPa

Question 4:
From the given information,

u = 5 z 3, v = x + 4, w = 4 y
Thus, at the origin

u = 3 m/s, v = 4 m/s, w = 0
so that
V = u 2 + v 2 + w2 =

( 3)2 + 4 2 + 0 2

= 5 m/s

Question 5:
The velocity magnitude is obtained as
V = u 2 + v 2 + w2 =

(x + y )2 + (xy 3 + 16)2 + 0 2

In order to have V = 0, we need to have

x + y = 0
3
xy + 16 = 0
Solving the above equations yields (x, y) = (2, -2) or (-2, 2).

Question 6:
The streamline equation is obtained from

dy v
1
= =
dx u 1 + y
Rearranging and integrating the above equation yields

(1 + y )dy = dx

1 2
y = x+C
2
where C is a constant. For the streamline that passes through origin (x = y = 0), C = 0. Thus,
1
y + y2 = x
2
The streamline is plotted below. Since v = 1 > 0, the direction of the flow is as shown.

y+