NATIONAL REPORT ON SUCCESSFUL POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN LIFELONG

LEARNING: CASE OF INDONESIA

(Movement on Education for Marginalized Women Empowerment)
(Movement on Education for Marginalized Women Empowerment)
Along with the end of the commitment to the MDGs and continued commitment to
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), gender equality is still a shared commitment
of the world community. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly goal
number 3 states: "Promote gender equality and empower women". As a manifestation
of Indonesia's commitment to the world's commitment, since 2000 the Government of
Indonesia

had

developed

policies

relating

to

gender

equality

and

women

empowermentthis. One of the policies made iswas gender mainstreaming program, for
which the Indonesian government issued the Presidential Instruction Number o. 9 of
2000 on Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) as the legal umbrella. Then, in education
field, it was followed by the National Education Minister Regulation Numbero. 84 of
2008 on Guidelines for Mainstreaming Gender Education at the Central Level,
Provincial and District/City.
In 2016, the Government of Indonesia through the Directorate of Literacy and
Equivalency Education, Directorate General for Early Childhood and Community
Education, Ministry of Education and Culture, promoted a program known as
Movement on Education for Marginalized Women Empowerment (GP3M). The program
aims to 1) strengthen local government and stakeholders commitment toward the
improving quality life of women as mothers that having role as the first and main
educator for the children, 2) arrange a local plan of Movement on Education for
Marginalized Women Empowerment, 3) upgrade marginalized womens knowledge and
life skills in order to improve family quality life that supposedd to improve future
generation quality life. This program will be conducted in 21 cities in Indonesia which
are divided into three clusters, namely 1) the home town fighter / activists of
wWomen, 2) Cities with high number of migrant workers / labor of women and
vulnerable to human trafficking crime, and 3) Cities with high numbers of drop outs.

Basically, the program is a reinforcement program and reunites gender mainstreaming

programs that have been running for approximately 10 years. GP3M is a framework
that houses a variety of educational programs for gender mainstreaming organized at
the district /city. The program includes life skills education for wWomen, the genderresponsive parenting, equivalency education, vocational village, as well as the
community library. All programs are designed as an ecosystem and support for efforts
to improve education and skills of marginalized women.

The Barriers in Promoting Lifelong Learning through Women Empowerment

Lack of awareness. Inadequate education of marginalized women lead to their own
lack of understanding of their own self-esteem, self-potential, and the role that can
be played in private life, family, and social. Their role in the domestic sector, are
generally not based on their own choice and awareness, but rather on the lack of
awareness of their own potential and opportunities that can be chose.
The strong patriarchal culture. The tradition of patriarchal ideology supported by
capitalism resulted in dominant role of men in society. Gender differences become
discriminatory legitimacy that makes women have less

role, and increasingly

marginalized. Women tend to be placed only on the domestic roles. It also affects
other sectors of life such as the limited type of work / profession accessible to women
and limited social role that can be accessed female.
Belief. Some communities believe that women have a role as a male escort and not
the backbone of the family. This often become the reason of gender discriminatory
behavior in social interaction both by men and society in general.Religious teachings
within certain communities understood so strong and affect the lives of women.
Religion teaches that women are not the backbone of the family, and in the name of
religious teachings often used as the basis of gender discriminatory behavior in social
interaction.

Social Stigma. In some communities in Indonesia, there is a stigma about limiting the
role of women, especially for a broader role in society. It impacts on, for example,
wages earned by women are less than men for the same work.

The Achievements and Outcomes of Woman Empowerment Program

The achievement of Wwomen's empowerment programs especially related to program
GP3M are involvement of learners in programs that emphasize gender mainstreaming:
- About 21 districts / cities have GP3M committees;

which became a forum for

coordination of the various programs of lifelong learning, especially that intersect

with gender mainstreaming.
- About 5,375 women as vocational training learners; who having vocational skills in
accordance with the potential of each region
- About 20,055 equivalency learners; given strengthening gender mainstreaming
- About 20 vocational villages; and with emphasis on women as subjects.
- About 41 community libraries. available as one information center for women

The outcome of the presence GP3M:

- Women increasingly motivated to be able to understand the value of gender
equality and promote their role in community life after knowing and understanding
their rights both as women and as citizens in communities.
- Women have a new awareness to define and choose their own role, and organize
their own activities.
- More than 80% of participants of supporting activities of GP3M are women.