CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS
This research is an experimental research whose function is to find out
the effectiveness of pronunciation ability using audio-lingual as a method between
the students taught by using audio-lingual and those who were taught without
using audio-lingual. This research involves two variables: one dependent variable
and one independent variable. The dependent variable is teaching pronunciation
and the independent variable is audio-lingual method. Therefore, the conclusion
of this research is drawn by comparing the mean of the gain scores of students
taught using audio-lingual method (belongs to the experimental group) with gain
scores of the students who were taught without using audio-lingual method
(belongs to the control group).
In this chapter, the writer tries to analyze and interpret the data which
has been collected from the experimental activities. The analysis and
interpretation would be presented below.

4.1 Technique of Analyzing the Data

In analyzing the data of this research, which collected from the result
of pre-test and post-test, the writer used Arikuntos formula (2002:280), as
follows:
t=

M X M Y

x 2 + y 2
N X + N Y 2

][

1
1
+
N X NY

Where:

: t-result

: Means of each class

X2

: Standard deviation of Experimental Class

Y2

: Standard deviation of Control Class

: Numbers of each class

4.2 Tabulation and Calculation

To know the result of the pre-test and post-test of the experimental
class and the control class, the writer tabulates and calculates all of the test result
by presenting it in the tables as follows:
4.2.1 The Scores of Pre-test and Post-test in Experimental Class
Table 4.1
No

Name

30

60

20

30

30

70

30

60

30

70

20

50

60

100

30

70

50

70

10

20

50

11

10

40

12

30

60

13

40

80

14

20

50

15

30

70

450

1200

Total

4.2.2 The Results of Pre-test and Post-test of Control Class

Table 4.2
No

Name

50

60

20

40

30

50

20

40

20

40

50

70

40

60

40

60

50

50

10

10

30

11

30

50

12

10

30

13

20

40

14

40

60

15

30

50

460

730

Total

4.3 The Process of Computation

4.3.1 Tabulating the Gain Scores of Pre-test and Post-test of Each Group
Table 4.3
Experimental Class
No

Name

Pre-test
(X1)

Post-test
(X2)

Gain
(X)

30

60

30

Gain
Squares
(X2)
900

20

30

10

100

30

70

40

1600

30

60

30

900

30

70

40

1600

20

50

30

900

60

100

40

1600

30

70

40

1600

50

70

20

400

10

20

50

30

900

11

10

40

30

900

12

30

60

30

900

13

40

80

40

1600

14

20

50

30

900

15

30

70

40

1600

450

1200

480

16100

Total

Table 4.4
Control Class
No

Name

Pre-test
(Y1)

Post-test
(Y2)

Gain
(Y)

50

60

10

Gain
Squares
(Y2)
100

20

40

20

400

30

50

20

400

20

40

20

400

20

40

20

400

50

70

20

400

40

60

20

400

40

60

20

400

50

50

10

10

30

20

400

11

30

50

20

400

12

10

30

20

400

13

20

40

20

400

14

40

60

20

400

15

30

50

20

400

460

730

270

5300

Total

4.3.2 Finding the Result

a. Finding X1 and Y1
X1 =

X 1 = 450 =

Y1 =

Y 1 = 460

15

15

30

= 30.67

b. Finding Mx and My
-

Experimental Group

Mx =

Control Group
Y
My =
=
N

480
15

= 32

270
15

= 18

c. Finding gain square X 2 and gain square Y 2

-

Experimental group
X 2 = 16100

Control group
Y 2 = 5300

d. Finding gain (X)2 and gain (Y)2

-

Experimental group
(X)2 = 4802 = 230400

Control Group
(Y)2 = 2702 = 72900

e. Finding x2 and y2
-

Experimental Group
2

x =

( X )

N
230400
= 16100 15

=16100 15360
= 740
-

Control Group

( Y )
y2 = Y 2
N
72900
= 5300
15
= 440
f. Finding t-result

t=

M X M Y

x 2 + y 2
N X + N Y 2

][

3218

1
1
+
N X NY

740+440 1 1
( 15+152
)( 15 + 15 )

14
=

( 112880 )( 152 )

14
42.14 0.07

14
2.95

14
1.72

=8.1
g. Determining the degree of freedom (df)
df = N + N 2 = 15 +15 2
df = 30 2 = 28
After the writer calculates the data, he gets t- observed is 8.1. Meanwhile,
t-table with degree of freedom (28) is 2.05 in level of significance 0.05 (5%). It
means that t observed is higher than t table.

4.4 Research Finding

4.4.1 Testing Hypothesis
The hypothesis of this research is teaching pronunciation through
Audio-lingual method to the eighth grade students of SMP Al-Muflikhin can
improve students ability in pronunciation. In this research, the writer takes the
level of significance at 0.05 (5%). It is based on Arikuntos theory that educational
research can use the level of significance at 0.05 (5%).
The results of the computation of the data are described as follows:
t table

= 2.05

t observed

= 8.1

t observed > t table

It means that the value of t
is 2.05 so the value of t

observed

observed

is higher than t

hypothesis above is absolutely accepted.

is 8.1 while the critical value of t

table

table

. Finally, the writer states that the