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.
1.
. sin x cos x ,
(, , )
R ( sin x;cos x ) , R .
R ( sin x; cos x ) dx
tg
x
= t ,
2
.
x
1 tg 2
2
, cos x =
sin x =
2 x
1 + tg
1 + tg 2
2
2tg
sin x =
2t
1+ t
, cos x =
1 t2
1+ t
x
2 , x = 2arctgt , dx = 2 dt ,
x
1+ t2
2
, x = 2arctgt , dx =
2dt
1+ t2
2t 1 t 2 2
R
sin
x
;
cos
x
dx
R
=
(
)
t .
.
dx
1 + sin x + cos x .
x
2dt
2t
t = tg . dx =
, sin x =
,
2
2
1+ t
1+ t2
cos x =
1 t2
1+ t2
. ,
2dt
dx
1 + sin x + cos x =
1 t2
(1 + t 2 ) 1 + 1 +2tt 2 + 1 + t 2
dt
=
t +1
d ( t + 1)
x
= ln(t + 1) + C = ln(tg + 1) + C.
t +1
2
,
, ,
. ,
, ( ) .
, :
1)
R ( sin x;cos x )
sin x ,
..
R ( sin x;cos x )
cos x ,
..
R ( sin x;cos x )
sin x
cos x
R ( sin
x;cos 2 x dx :
sin 2 x =
t2
1+ t
, cos 2 x =
x = arctgt ,
. I =
R( sin x; cos x) =
, tgx = t ,
1+ t2
dt
dx =
1+ t2
dx
3 + sin 2 x
1
3 + ( sin x )
1
3 + sin 2 x
= R ( sin x; cos x ) ,
tg x = t .
x = arctg t , dx =
R(tgx)dx
dt
1+ t2
sin 2 x =
tg 2 x
1 + tg 2 x
t2
1+ t2
I =
dt
t2
1+ t2 3 +
1+ t2
2 3
2.
dt
4t 2 + 3
d ( 2t )
1
=
2 ( 2t )2 + ( 3)2
2t
1
2
+C =
arctg
tgx + C.
3
2 3
3
arctg
sin
x cos n xdx
1) sin x = t , n .
2) cos x = t , m .
1
cos 2 x = (1 + cos 2 x) ,
2
3) :
sin 2 x =
1
(1 cos 2 x) ,
2
1
sin x cos x = sin 2 x , m n .
2
4) tg x = t , m + n .
dx
sin m x
d 2x
2m 1 sin m 2x cos m 2x
dx
cosm x
d x + 2
sin m x + 2
1) , m n , :
sec2 x =
= tg 2 x + 1 ,
cosec2 x =
cos x
6) ,
1
2
= ctg 2 x + 1 .
sin x
(
):
sin
= sin m x 1 sin 2 x
n 1
2
d sin x = t m 1 t 2
n 1
2
dt .
.
1. I = sin 3 x cos 2 xdx.
m = 3 . cos x = t . x = arccos t ,
dx =
1
1 t
dt , sin x = 1 t 2
3
dt
2 2
I = 1 t t
1 t 2
= (1 t 2 )t 2 dt = t 4 t 2 dt =
1
1
t5 t3
+ C = cos5 x cos3 x + C.
5 3
5
3
1
1
I = (sin x cos x)2 cos 2 xdx = sin 2 2 x (1 + cos 2 x)dx =
4
2
1
1
sin 2 2 xdx + sin 2 2 x cos 2 xdx =
8
8
1 1
1
(1 cos 4 x)dx + sin 2 2 xd (sin 2 x) =
8 2
16
3. I =
1
1
1
x sin 4 x + sin 3 2 x + C.
16
64
48
dx
3
cos x sin x
m + n = 4 . tgx = t . x = arctg t , dx =
cos x =
1
1+ t
dt
1+ t
, sin x =
t
1+ t
dt
I =
1+ t2
1
1+ t2
t
dt = t 3dt +
dt
=
t
1+ t2 1+ t 2
1
+ ln t + C = ctg 2 x + ln tgx + C.
2
2t
2
4. I =
dx
cos 4 x
I =
1
dx = tg 2 x + 1 d ( tgx ) = tg3 x + tgx + C .
3
cos 2 x cos 2 x
3.
sin cos =
1
( sin ( ) + sin ( + ) ) ,
2
cos cos =
1
( cos ( ) + cos ( + ) ) ,
2
sin sin =
1
( cos ( ) cos ( + ) ) .
2
1
( sin 4 x + sin10 x ) dx =
2
1 1
1
= cos 4 x cos10 x + C .
2 4
10
.
:
ch 2 x sh 2 x = 1 ,
ch 2 x =
1
sh 2 x = (ch2 x 1) ,
2
1
(ch2 x + 1) ,
2
1
shx chx = sh2 x .
2
. I = ch 3 xdx.
I = ch x chxdx =
2
sh 3 x
1 + sh x dshx = shx +
+C .
3