Академический Документы
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NAME
REG NO:
1. ANDREW MUTUKU MUNYIVA E023-01-0791/2013
2. KENNEDY NYANGA GITONGA E023-01-0798/2013
COURSE: BSc. IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNIT: ENGINE AND POWER TRANSMISSION
UNIT CODE: EMG 2409
PRESENTATION: 1
ENGINE BEARINGS
ABSTRACT
Our presentation covers
1. Aspects of engine bearings:
types of engine bearings
Design features
functions
Engine bearing design considerations
Precautions in engine bearings.
INTRODUCTION
A bearing is a machine element which support another moving
Camshaft bearings
Are used to reduce friction with the rotation of the camshafts.
The camshaft is connected to the crankshaft directly or by a
gear mechanism so that the timing of both engine parts is in
sync.
ENGINE BEARINGS
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Specific Steady Load
Consider minimum film thickness and the peak hydrodynamic
load.
specific load p, P = W/LD where w=journal load , L is active
bearing length
D is the diameter
Special evaluation is required if the peak pressure exceeds
1,000 PSI or the minimum film thickness is less than 1.0 mils
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Surface speed
The larger the journal diameter, the higher the surface speed
for a given RPM.
To calculate feet-per-minute (FPM) from RPM the
relationship is:
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Dynamic Load
It is a result of shaft orbital
motion in the oil film
clearance space due to
imbalance, misalignment,
and other non-static forces.
Therefore, an alternating
hydrodynamic pressure
fluctuation is superimposed
on the steady pressure
being exerted on the
bearing.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Length to Diameter Ratio (L/D)
This factor considered so as to give sufficient steady and
alternating load capacity.
A longer bearing tends to have higher effective damping.
if L/D < 0.3 the engine will have poor damping,
L/D > 0.75 shows little gain in effective damping.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Clearance
The basic guideline universally used for diametral journal
bearing clearance is 1.5 mils-per-inch of journal diameter.
If the application has a typical loads and/or speeds, then this
clearance rule may need to be adjusted.
The bearing should be held in the housing with a zero to 1
mil interference fit.
A loose bearing will induce vibrations and too much housing
interference can reduce the clearance in the bearing.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Base Material
Normally steel is used as the backing material for bearings
and is preferred for its high strength.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Grooving
Grooving helps to direct lubricant to the loaded areas and for
cooling.
It also increases specific loading and stability.
PRECAUTIONS
Use the proper lubricant
Proper filtration to the lubricant
Operate within design clearances
Handle bearings carefully
Lubricate bearings during replacement
REFERENCE
Understanding Journal Bearings ;Malcolm E. Leader, P.E.
Applied Machinery Dynamics Co. Durango, Colorado
King engine bearings
Machine design R.S khurmi J.K Gupta
Bearing Design and Application by Donald F. Wilcock and E.
Richard Booser, McGraw Hill, 1957, 195, LC number 569641
www.substech.com
www.you tube.com