Set No.

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING / SPEECH AND IMAGE
PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. With a brief note on the importance of YIQ and HSI colour models, explain the
conversion of RGB images to YIQ and HSI colour images.
[16]
2. (a) What is meant by gamma correction. What is its significance.
(b) How gray-level slicing is performed.

[10+6]

3. (a) What procedure is followed to perform spatially dependent transforms.

(b) Define the convolution operation performed in image processing.

[8+8]

4. Explain various discontinuity detection methods in detail with suitable examples.

[16]
5. (a) Explain the characteristics of averaging mask and Laplacean masks. Show the
corresponding masks.
(b) In a given application, an averaging mask is applied to input images to reduce
noise and then a Laplaceian mask is applied to enhance small details. What
would be the effect if the order of these operations is reversed.
[8+8]
6. (a) List the principle applications of morphology.
(b) Define Dilation and Erosion operations. Give examples
(c) Let A and B are two sets of Z 2 and is the empty set, show that

A B = x/ (B)x A 6= { c Z2 /c = a + b for some a A and b

B}
[4+6+6]
7. (a) What is false contouring?
(b) Differentiate
i. compression and decompression
ii. coding and decoding and
iii. mapper and demapper.
(c) How the word distance is related with hamming code?
8. (a) Explain about
i. slope overload
ii. granular noise.
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[3+9+4]

Set No. 1

Code No: RR410507

(b) List out the advandages and drawbacks of different types of lossy compression
techniques.
[8+8]

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Set No. 2

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING / SPEECH AND IMAGE
PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. Explain different colour models and their relevance to image processing in detail.
[16]
2. (a) What is the general form of gray-level transformation function. Explain the
terms involved in it?
(b) Explain how the

[8+8]

i. Contrast stretching and

ii. Thresholding functions are implemented.
3. (a) Discuss the characteristics of averaging and weighted averaging filters. Give
an example for each kind.
(b) What is meant by directional smoothing.

[10+6]

4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Optimal thresholding
(b) Role of Illumination in thresholding.

[8+8]

5. Explain the crack edge relaxation technique for edge enhancement.

[16]

6. (a) With necessary diagrams explain the operation of opening.

(b) Let A and B are two sets in Z 2 . Show that

AB = (A)b
bB

[8+8]

7. (a) Briefly explain about image compression

(b) Discuss about differential pulse code modulation. How is it applicable in image
compression.
(c) How image compression is helpful in medical imaging.

[4+8+4]

8. (a) On what basis the Huffman coding and arithmetic coding are useful for image
compression? Explain.
(b) What are the applications of lossy compression and lossless compression?
(c) Differentiate the Huffman coding and truncated Huffman coding.

1 of 1

[6+5+5]

Set No. 3

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING / SPEECH AND IMAGE
PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. What are the elements required to acquire digital images? Explain in detail about
various imaging systems.
[16]
2. (a) What are the transformation functions and properties of the following gray
level transformations:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Contrast strctching
thresholding
log transformations
power law transformations.

[4+4+4+4]

3. (a) Find the averaging filter outputs for the given input image. Assume the size
of averaging mask is 3x3 and assume two rows and columns of zeros are added
on all sides of the images.

2 4 6 3
0 1 3 3

2 2 4 1
1 1 3 0
(b) Find the weighted averaging of the above image, if the weighted averaging
mask is given as
[8+8]

1 2 1
1
2 4 2
16
1 2 1

4. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Region splitting and merging
(b) Image segmentation based on boundary characteristics.

[8+8]

5. A binary image contains straight lines oriented horizontally, vertically, at 450 and
at 450 . Give a set of 3X3 masks that can be used to detect 1-pixel-long breaks in
these lines.
[16]
6. (a) Explain with an example the boundary extraction using morphology operations.
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Set No. 3

Code No: RR410507

(b) Write short notes on opening and closing.

[8+8]

7. (a) What are the modern techniques available for image compression ? Briefly
explain
(b) Explain how the first order and second order estimate of the source entropy
are calculated.
(c) On what basis you can select different types of coding techniques for image
compression?
[6+6+4]
8. (a) Mention different types of coding used in error free compression.
(b) Discuss about Huffman coding.

2 of 2

[8+8]

Set No. 4

Code No: RR410507

IV B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008

DIGITAL SPEECH AND IMAGE PROCESSING / SPEECH AND IMAGE
PROCESSING
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Describe image modeling and representation in detail.

(b) Write a short note on Mach band pattern and simultaneous contrast.

[8+8]

2. What is the methodology followed in implementation of the following grey-level

transformations:
(a) Global alternation in brightness
(b) Threshoulding
(c) Bunching (reducing the number of grey-levels)

[6+5+5]

3. (a) What are the steps involved in the design of median filter.
(b) List the circumstances in which the median filters are most suitable.
(c) Distinguish the averaging and median filters.

[6+4+6]

4. The mean and standard deviation of the background pixels in the image shown
are 110 and 15 respectively. The object pixels have mean and standard deviation
values of 200 and 40 respectively. Give a thresholding solution for segmenting the
objects of the image.
[16]
5. (a) How the second derivative is computed and what is its significance in image
processing.
(b) What are the Prewitts operators for a 3 3 region of an image.

[10+6]

6. Explain the methodology adopted to extend the morphology operations to gray

scale images.
[16]
7. For a 512*512 image of your choice design DPCM coders using mean square predictors of orders up to four. Implement the coders for B=3 and compare the
reconstructed images visually as well as on the basis of their mean square error and
entropies.
[16]
8. (a) Mention different types of coding used in error free compression.
(b) Discuss about Huffman coding.

1 of 1

[8+8]