Weste rn Inte rna tional Green P ower , LLC

No.WIGP-PTS-0001/01

Product Specification
WIGP419S25 Dish Stirling Concentrating
Solar Power System
Revision 1 [12-15-15]

Editor

Ke Zun Hui

Assessor

Xu De Lin

Approval

Xu Ping

WIGP419S25 Product Specification

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Weste rn Inte rna tional Green P ower , LLC

1.General
WIGP419S is a modularized 25kw dish Stirling solar power system. It is composed of 5 sub-systems: pedestal, dish assembly, PCU, drive, electrical and control system. (Picture 1)
During the process that converts heat to electric energy in PCU, a Stirling engine (closed circulation, high
efficiency, four cylinders) is used, using hydrogen as the working gas. The PCU receiver is an outside heat
conversion unit, which can absorb the incident sunlight, heating and pressurize the gas in the receiver
tube. The change of the gas volume can push Stirling engine, the engine then will drive the generator,
thus the generator linked to the Stirling engine will output AC power.
Similar to all thermos-motive systems, the efficiency of Stirling engine is a function of temperature difference between hot parts and cold parts. The function of radiation system is similar to the one used in the
vehicle engine, that is, to make a radiation environment of cold parts. We can adjust the engines gas
pressure according to inputting sunlight power to maintain the optimum efficiency. Different to other
CSP systems, it doesnt consume water in the conversion process. The BOP system includes standard
electrical switch, cables and transformers, connecting WIGP419Ss power to the grid.
The specialized WIGP419S control system can start itself when the sun rise, tracking the daily and yearly
movement trail of the sun, optimize the output based on the environment parameters (DNI, atmospheric
temperature, wind speed and cloud caused shadow), in this case, we can realize independent and safety
production. Meantime, the WIGP419S control system will also optimize the power output based on
some heat parameters like inner temperature and pressure.

Picture 1 Five sub-systems of WIGP419S

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1.General

WIGP419S consists of the Dish Tracing System; Electric Generating Control System; Hydrogen Station; DGS Server; Satellite Synchronous Clock; Weather Station; Network Transmission Equipment; Power Supply System (UPS Electrical Source and 48 V DC power) and Human-computer Interface (Client Computer). The Hydrogen Station; DGS Server; Satellite
Synchronous Clock; Weather Station; Network Transmission Equipment; Power Supply System (UPS Electrical Source and 48 V DC power) and Human-computer Interface (Client
Computer) are provided by the client.

Picture 2 WIGP419S System principle

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2.Techinical Specification
2.1 WIGP419S Dish Stirling System Specification
Performance

Specification

Electrical Output

25kWe

Power Efficiency
Speed

3501000W/m2DNI

Output Voltage

380VAC, 3 phase50 Hz

Working Temperature Range at Rated Power

-25+50

Max Gas Pressure

Max Coolant Operating Temperature

20MPa

Dish Diameter

12.5m

Dish Reflection Projected Area

Net Dish Reflection Area

116.8m2

1,500 RPM

72.5

exclude the gap between the mirrors

115.1m

Height from the Dish Top to Ground

12.9 m

2.2 WIGP419S Stirling Engine Specification

Performance

Specification

Rated Speed

1800 RPM

Limit Speed

3600 RPM

Operating Speed

1500 RPM

Max. Tube Temperature

775

Cylinders

4squareclockwise order

Bore Spacing

115

Displacement

390CC

Working Gas

Hydrogen

Max. Gas Operating Temperature

695

Max. Average Cylinder Pressure

20MPa(at full duty)

Coolant

ethylene glycol +water

Max. Coolant Operating Temperature

72.5

Cooling System Pressure

0.020.09MPa

Oil Operating Tempertuer

42+ambient Temperature

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2.Techinical Specification
2.3 Generator Specification

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2.Techinical Specification
2.4 WIGP419S Dish Stirling System Environment Adaptability
Performance

Specification

Survival Temperature
Survival Wind Speed
Operating Wind Speed

25 ~ 50
40m/s
20m/s

Sandstorm

17m/s

Rain

750mm max, annual average;75mm max 24hrs rate

Max Ice Thickness

Max Hail Size

28mm
25mm

Max Hail Speed

23m/s

Max Snow Rate

Max Snow Load

0.3m in 24hrs
250Pa

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3.System Description
3.1 Operating Mode and System Control
The specified WIGP419S Control System could auto-start at sunrise every day, tracing the tracks of the
sun daily and yearly, optimizing the output power according to the thermodynamic parameters such as
inner temperature, pressure etc. and the change of the environmental parameters including DNI, atmosphere temperature, wind speed and shadow caused by clouds then realizing safe auto-production.
A weather station must be attached to the plant for monitoring the meteorological data. When DNI
reaches 350W/m2, the system will auto-start to generate; in the condition of less sun light, it doesnt
work; if the DNI is good while the wind speed exceeds 20m/s, the system will auto-move to safe position; when the sun goes down below the horizon, the system will move back to original position waiting
for the next operating. For convenient plant control and management, the system could be autocontrolledthe central control system of the plant could send general order to a single device which
could auto-control operating state and report the real-time state to the central system via SCADA subsystem.

3.2

Stirling Engine

The hot part of the Stirling engine is the main component for absorbing heat from outside which is a
curved surface made of high temperature alloy tube. When the sun light reaches the hot part, the temperature of it will increase then heating the hydrogen in the tube which will cyclically motivates the pistol via the connecting rod and crank axle to make the engine operating continuously.

3.3 Working Gas

The working gas-hydrogen is repeatedly used between high pressure container and low pressure one
via the booster pump. Hydrogen is an important medium for energy conversion. During the operating of
the system, by in charging with different mass of working gas, it could regulate the temperature of the
hot part keeping it within the suitable temperature arrangement. The system will auto-optimize the gas
pressure of the cylinder.
Before charging with gas the inner pressure of the engine is 3.5+/-0.5MPa,after it will reach the max
20MPa.The pressure in the engine will vary according to the change of the DNI automatically. When DNI
goes up and down, the pressure will be increased up and down accordingly. In the circumstance that
the sun is shaded by cloud for a long time, the system will reduce the cylinder pressure by emitting hydrogen to 3.5+/-0.5MPa and recharge gas into the cylinder before next operating. During the whole
generating process, in order to make the system operate normally it will charge and emit hydrogen alternatively for keeping the pressure at 20MPa.
It takes almost 15 seconds to charge about 37L hydrogen into the tube to keep the pressure at 20MPa
when the Stirling Dish System is motivated to operating.
In order to provide enough hydrogen to the system, a gas circulation system should be designed according to the local weather condition (cloud shadow).

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3.System Description
3.4 Coolant System
While some of the absorbed heat from the sun light is exhausted via the coolant system, the other is
transformed to mechanical energy via the Stirling engine for keeping the difference in temperature and
the working efficiency. The Stirling engine uses a water-cooled circulatory system which comprises water pump, radiator and fan. The electric generated by the system will motivate the fan to cool the radiator liquid in the radiator.

3.5 Generator
The system uses squirrel cage three-phase asynchronous AC generator. When the engine is rotating, it
will motivate the shaft then motivating the rotor and generating electrical power. For the characteristics
of the generator, the phase and frequency of the power it generates are the same with the power grid
which could be conveniently connected.

3.6 Mirror and Reflective Devices

The reflective mirror is depending on the parabola focus theory. The hyperboloid mirrors reflects the
sun lights to a focus to create high temperature energy. The whole concentrator is made of 45 pieces of
5mm mirrors and separated into three stories-inner, middle and outer. After installed on the dish steelwork it will form a reflective parabolic dish.
The mirror adopts dust-free nano coating technology which reduces 50% of dust adhering on the mirrors than traditional glass. It is not needed to wash the mirror until a long time after the installation of
the system. So the consumption of water is limited.

3.7 Tracing System

The Stirling Dish System adopts double-shaft drives to trace the track of the sun. For its accuracy requests in tracing, the system uses two DC servo motor to drive and a gearbox with a bigger transmission ratio to reduction.
The system traces the sun by calculating the position of it according to the time and location. The system could fine-tuning the temperature of the 4 cylinders avoiding large temperature deviation caused
by manufacturing and installation errors to keep the system operating smoothly.

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4.System Operating Principle

4.1

System Control Principle Drawing

AC Power
Control
Generator

Water
Pump
Fan

DAC

Solenoid
Valve
Control

Sensor Signal Acquistion

Pressure
Increasing
Valve
Pressure
Reducing
Valve
Air
Evacuation
valve
Short
Circuit
Valve

Oil
Pressure

Cold Junction
Temperature

Cylinder
Pressure

Rotation
Rate of
the Engine

GPIO

Timer

Thermocouple

Coolant Water
Temperature

SPI

ADC

ARM9 MPU

CANOpen
Ethernet

Modbus

Azimuth
Motor
Elevation
Motor

User
Operation
Interface

High
Pressure
Cylinder

Voltage
Acquisition

Low Pressure
Cylinder

Elevation Motor

Intelligent
Ammeter

Hydrogen
Control

Current
Acquisition
Electric
Parameter
Acquisition

4.2 Control System Communication Principle Drawing

Server

Intelligent
Ammeter

Ethernet

Modbus
SCC Controller

CANOpen

Motor Driver
The Devices in the wire frame
should be provided by the user

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4.System Operating Principle

4.3 Power Plant System Communication Principle Drawing

Field Debugging
Computer

DGS Server

Weather Station

Ethernet

Internet Electric
Meter

Hydrogen
Station

UPS Electric
Power

Stirling Solar
Power System

GPS Time Server

The Devices in the wire frame

should be provided by the user

4.4 Hydrogen System Principle Drawing

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4.System Operating Principle

4.5

PCU Heat Radiation Principle Drawing

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4.System Operating Principle

4.6 SCC Software Structure

Engine Controller

LWIP TCP/IP
Protocol stack

ADC Drivera
CAN Driver

SPI Driver

QP State Machine

GPIO Driver
UART Driver

Hardware

Modbus

Applications

Sun Tracing Control

CAN Open

Board Level
SupportaBSP

Timer Driver

An embedded middleware
DAC Driver
Ethernet Driver

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5. Connection Drawing of the System Electrical Equipment and Net

5.1

System Net Drawing

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5.Connection Drawing of the System Electrical Equipment and Net

5.2 SCC Control Box Drawing

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5.Connection Drawing of the System Electrical Equipment and Net

5.3 48V DC Power Supply Box Drawing

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5.Connection Drawing of the System Electrical Equipment and Net

5.4 Circuit

Drawing of the Power Supply Box

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