1

OBJECTIVE

Im interested in IPL so I got selected this topic

The main aim is to select this topic was to gain information about
the IPL
I want join IPL and get some job

CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION TO THE INDIA PREMIER LEAGUE

(IPL)

(fig 1.1 logo of IPL)

Indian Premier League (IPL) is a Twenty20 cricket tournament where

different franchise teams compete for the Indian Premier League title.
The tournament started in 2008 and takes place every year usually during
the months of AprilJune. The most recent edition was the IPL-7 held in
2014. It is currently supervised by BCCI Vice-President Ranjib Biswal,
who serves as the League's chairman and Commissioner. Sundar
Raman has been the IPL chief operating officer (COO) since its first
season, after he was appointed by former the IPL Commissioner Lalit
Modi in 2008.
The IPL is the most-watched Twenty20 cricket league in the world and is
also known for its commercial success. During the sixth IPL season
(2013) its brand value was estimated to be around US$3.03 billion.

Live rights to the event are syndicated around the globe, and in 2010, the
IPL became the first sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube.
It is currently sponsored by Pepsi and thus officially known as the Pepsi
Indian Premier League. During the seventh IPL season (2014), the
Indian Premier League's brand value was estimated to be around US$3.2
billion Of the 11 teams to have competed since the inception of the Indian
Premier League in 2008, five have won the title:
Kolkata Knight Riders; WINS(2),
Chennai Super Kings; WINS(2),
Rajasthan Royals; WINS (1),
Deccan Chargers; WINS(1), and
Mumbai Indians; WINS (1).
The current champions are the Kolkata Knight Riders, who won the 2014
season by beating the Kings XI Punjab by 3 wickets. Currently, the
league has eight teams.
The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional league
for Twenty20 cricket championship in India. It was initiated
by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI),
headquartered in Mumbai and is supervised by BCCI Vice
President Rajeev Shukla, who serves as the league's
Chairman and Commissioner. It is currently contested by
nine teams, consisting of players from around the world. It
was started after an altercation between the BCCI and the
Indian Cricket League

In 2010, IPL became the first sporting event ever to be

broadcast live on YouTube in association with Indiatimes.
Its brand value is estimated to be around US$2.99 billion
in fifth season.The IPL works on a franchise-system based
on the American style of hiring players and transfers.
These franchises were put for auction, where the highest
bidder won the rights to own the team, representing each
city. The auction for the same took place on January 24,
2008 and the total base price for the auction was $400
million. The auction went on to fetch $723.59 million.
The

Mumbai

franchise

owned

by

Mukesh

Ambanis

Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) was the most expensive

franchise - fetching $111.9 million closely followed by
Vijay Mallyas United Breweries which paid $111.6 million
for

the

Bangalore

franchise.

Media

house

Deccan

Chronicle won the Hyderabad chapter of the IPL for $107

million, while India Cements Chennai franchise cost $91
million.
Bollywood also made its presence felt with two of its
leading stars bagging the ownership of their respective
teams - Shah Rukh Khan and Juhi Chawlas Red Chillies
Entertainment buying out Kolkata for $75.09, while Preity
Zinta and her beau Ness Wadia bought the Mohali team
for $76 million.
GMR , the infrastructure development group which who
are involved in a project for revamping the Delhi airport,
bagged the ownership of the Delhi team for $84 million

and the Emerging Media , consisting of its CEO Fraser

Castellino, Manoj Badale and Lachlan Murdoch and other
investors won the rights for the Jaipur franchise for $67
million.
On 21 March 2010, Pune and Kochi were unveiled as the
two new franchises for the fourth edition of the Indian
Premier League. The base price was $225 million. While
Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for
$370

million,

the

Kochi

franchise

was

bought

by

Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million. The

process was to have been completed on 7 March but was
postponed by two weeks after many bidders and the BCCI
objected to stiff financial clauses. The second franchise
auction fetched total $703 million.
Over 200 million Indian viewers, 10 million international viewers, 4
million live spectators: the Indian Premier League (IPL) is a sports and
entertainment revolution in the making, surpassing all records of
viewership on ground and on media. Advertising revenue and ticket sales
have exceeded all expectations, making IPL highly profitable for the
organizers, broadcasters and successful team owners. Zealous fan
followingeven hostility for visiting teamsshows local loyalties are
building up faster than anyone expected.
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF FORMATION OF
THE IPL

Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer, AC (17 December 1937 26 December

2005),was an Australian media tycoon whose family company owned
controlling interests in both the Nine television network and leading
Australian publishing company Australian Consolidated Press. Packer
was best known for founding World Series Cricket. In 1977 the Nine
Network cricket rights deal led to a confrontation with the cricket
authorities, as top players from several countries rushed to join him at the
expense of their international sides. Packers aim was to secure
broadcasting rights for Australian cricket, and he was largely successful.
Many of the well-known cricketers of that period left their national team
to play in Kerry Packers World Series cricket. Some of our legendry
cricketers also contacted to play in that series. But due to some
controversies, mainly with Australian board due to television rights, this
league could not be successful.
On the background of this idea, Zee Entertainment Enterprises organized
a league called Indian cricket league. The Indian Cricket League (ICL)
was a private cricket league funded by Zee Entertainment Enterprises that
operated between 2007 and 2009 in India. In Its two seasons included
tournaments between four international teams (The World XI, India,
Pakistan and Bangladesh) and nine domestic teams notionally located in
major Indian cities as well as the champions Lahore Badshahs who were
based in Lahore, Pakistan. The matches were played in the Twenty20
format. Zee T.V owner Subhash Chandra founded this league in the
response of BCCIs some of working style. Many times Subhash Chandra
give bid for television rights but every time he was rejected even if his
bid was the highest. This results in formation of Indian Cricket
League(ICL). But due to some reasons this league could not be

successful. Some of reasons are commercial factors, lacking of the

support of the BCCI and ICC.
The ICL was set up with a billion dollar Indian Rupee corpus, and was to
initially comprise six teams playing Twenty20 cricket, with plans to
expand to sixteen teams within three years and to eventually move to 50over matches. These plans, if they had been realised, would have made
the ICL the richest professional league in India. On 24 July 2007, some
famous international names were announced to have signed to play in the
ICL, including highest innings record-holder Brian Lara.
The BCCI refused to recognise the ICL as a cricket league, and criticised
KiranMore and Kapil Dev for joining the ICL. On August 21, 2007
KapilDev was sacked from his NCA post.The International Cricket
Council gave a statement through its chief executive, Malcolm Speed,
that the ICC would not recognize the ICL unless the BCCI chooses to
recognise it.
Faced with the threat of young players joining the ICL, the BCCI jacked
up prize money for winners, runners-up and losing semi-finalists across
all tournaments. An average domestic cricketer can hope to make around
Rs 35,000 per match day from the season of 2007-08: more than double
the Rs 16,000 they got in 2005-06. The BCCI has also planned to do
away with honorary selectors, who will be paid professionals from
September 2008 onwards.
Then BCCI started its own international Twenty20 league. The official
league, which was launched in April 2008, was called the Indian Premier
League Twenty20.

INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE V/S INDIAN CRICKET

LEAGUE

(fig 1.2 IPL v/s ICL)

RULES AND REGULATIONS

There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player: In the annual
auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, through
trading, and signing replacements. In the trading window, the player can
only be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the
difference between the old contract price and the new contract price. If
the new contract is worth more than the older one, then the difference will
be shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.
Some of the team composition rules are:
Minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physio and a
coach.
No more than 11 foreign players in the squad and maximum 4
foreign players should be in the playing eleven.
Minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad.
A minimum of 6 players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each
squad.
IPL games utilize television timeouts, hence there is no time limit for
teams to complete their innings. However, there may be a penalty if the
umpires find teams misusing this privilege at their own choice.
Additionally, each team is awarded two strategic timeouts of 2:30 each
per inningsthe teams can take the timeout when instructed, but is
necessary to take it from 6th to 9th and 13th to 16th over.
The total spending cap for a franchisee in the first player auction was US
$5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum
annual salary of US $20,000 while for others it is US $50,000. The most
expensive players in the IPL to date is Gautam Gambhir of India fetched

10

the highest price of $2.4 million from Kolkata Knight Riders at the
auction for season 4

RETAINING PLAYERS IN ADVANCE OF THE 2014

PLAYER AUCTION

In advance of the 2014 Player Auction, a franchise may sign up to a

maximum of 5 players (either capped or uncapped, no more than four
of whom may be capped Indians) who were in its squad in 2013,
including those who were unavailable during the season and those
who were taken as temporary replacements

The player contract for the retained player (in standard form and
signed by both the player and the franchise) must be lodged with the
BCCI on or before Friday 10 January 2014

Embargo on franchises approaching any players who were in another

franchises 2013 squad until Saturday, 11 January 2014

Irrespective of the IPL league fee that is agreed between the two
parties and which is set out in the player contract, the 2014 Salary Cap
(and if appropriate the 2015 and 2016 Salary Caps) for the franchise
will be charged as follows:

11

For Capped Players

Rs. 12.5 crore for the first capped Player so retained.

Rs. 9.5 crore for the second capped Player so retained.

Rs. 7.5 crore for the third capped Player so retained.

Rs. 5.5 crore for the fourth capped Player so retained

Rs. 4 crore for the fifth capped Player so retained.

12

CHAPTER 2:- TEAMS

THE TEAMS AT A GLANCE BEFORE 2014
Team Name
Chennai Super Kings

City

Owner(s)

Chennai

Gurunath
Meiyappan
India Cements

Deccan Chargers

Hyderabad

Venkattram

Reddy
Deccan

Chronicle

Group
Delhi Daredevils

New Delhi

GMR Group

Kings XI Punjab

Mohali

Ness Wadia, Preity

Zinta,

Kolkata Knight Riders

Kolkata

Shahrukh Khan

Red

Chillies

13

Entertainment
Juhi

Chawla,

Jay

Mehta
Mumbai Indians

Mumbai

Mukesh Ambani

Reliance Industries
Pune Warriors India

Pune

Subrato

Roy

Sahara
Rajasthan Royals

Jaipur

Lachlan Murdoch
Emerging Media
Shilpa Shetty, Raj
Kundra

Royal

Challengers Bangalore

Vijay Mallya

Bangalore
UB Group
Kochi Tuskers Kerala

Kochi

Kochi
Private Ltd

(Defunct)
(Table no. 2.1 the team at glance)

Cricket

14

THE TEAM AT GLANCE IN 2014

Indian Premier League 2014 AT A GLANCE
Results,FIXTURES,POINTS AND BALL DIFFERENCE
Hm/A
w

KXIP

KXIP

CSK

22pts,174bd

KKR

12

MI

-14

RR

-8

SRH

RCB

DD

43

37

18pts,80b
CSK

-9

20

-4

-3

18pts,70b
KKR

-33

12

34

16

14pts,20b
MI

-5

-26

32

-9

14pts,14b
RR

-10

-5

-11

3
-30

42

12pts,SRH

-10

-5

-4

-10

-5

39bd

10pts,RCB

-25

-16

-3

15

-9

76bd

3
4pt,185bd

DD

-4

-4

-12

-11

-18

-22

15

(Table no. 2.2 the team at glance in 2014)

16

THE IPL TEAM INTRODUCTION

CHENNAI SUPER KINGS :

(fig 2.1 logo of Chennai super kings)

Chennai Super Kings (often abbreviated as CSK) is a franchise cricket
team based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu that plays in the Indian Premier
League. Founded in 2008, the team is currently captained by Mahendra
Singh Dhoni and coached by Stephen Fleming, a former New Zealand
cricketer. The team's home ground is the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium
(often referred to as Chepauk) located in Chennai.
Chennai Super Kings is the most successful team in the Indian Premier
League team so far. The team has won the IPL title twice in succession
(2010 and 2011) and reached the play-offs every season. They were also
the first Indian team to have won the Champions League Twenty20. The
leading run-scorer of the side is Suresh Raina, while the leading wickettaker is Ravichandran Ashwin. The brand value of Chennai Super Kings
in 2012 was estimated at US$75.13 million, making them the most
valuable franchise in the IPL

17

The franchise is currently owned by India Cements, who paid $91 million
to acquire the rights to the franchise for 10 years in 2008. N. Srinivasan,
Vice-Chairman and Managing Director of India Cements Ltd., is the de
facto owner of the Chennai Super Kings, by means of his position within
the company. He is also the President of the BCCI. Krishnamachari
Srikkanth, former captain of the Indian cricket team and the current
Chairman of the National Selection Committee, was the brand
ambassador for the franchise until the end of season three when his 3-year
contract expired, and former Indian opener V. B. Chandrasekhar is the
Chief Selector.
CHENNAI SUPER KINGS PLAYERS
BATSMEN
Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Suresh Raina, mithun manhas, Faf du Plessis,
Brendon McCullum,
All Rounders
Baba Aparajith, Ravindra Jadeja, Vijay Shankar, Dwayne Bravo, Dwayne
Smith, John Hastings
Wicket Keepers
Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Brendon McCullum
Bowlers
Ashish Nehra, Mohit Sharma, Ishwar Pandey, Ronit More, Ben
Hilfenhaus, Pawan Negi, Matt Henry, Samuel Badree, Ravichandran
Ashwin

18

DELHI DAREDEVILS

(fig no. 2.2 logo of delhi dare devils)

Delhi Daredevils is the Delhi franchise of the Indian Premier League in
cricket. The franchise is owned by the GMR Group. Founded in 2008, the
team is currently captained by Virender Sehwag and coached by former
South African cricketer Eric Simons. They play all their home matches at
the historic Feroz Shah Kotla Ground.
Virender Sehwag has been accorded the icon player status in the Delhi
Daredevils team and was also the captain of the side during the first two
seasons. However, he resigned and passed on the leadership to his
opening partner Gautam Gambhir for the 2010 season. But after Gambhir
left the team for Kolkata Knight Riders in the fourth edition, Sehwag was
once again given the duty to captain the team.
During the franchise auction for the Indian Premier League teams, the
GMR Group purchased the Delhi Daredevils for $84 million.
Bollywood superstar Akshay Kumar was the brand ambassador of the
team during the 2008 Season but opted not to return for the 2009 season
due to a busy schedule. However, Akshay was seen at a few of the team's
games cheering them on. Famous Bollywood playback singer Kailash
Kher has sung the team anthem - "Khel Front Foot Pe" a.k.a. " Play on
the front foot or play aggressively". It is played at every Delhi Daredevils

19

match. Delhi Daredevils launched their new anthem "Munday Dilli Ke"
on 5 March 2012 on the social networking site YouTube.

Delhi Daredevils PLAYERS

Batsmen
Mayank Agarwal, JP Duminy, Kedar Jadhav, Kevin Pietersen, Milind
Kumar, Ross Taylor, Manoj Tiwary, Saurabh Tiwary, Murali Vijay
All Rounders
Jimmy Neesham, Laxmi Ratan Shukla, Jayant Yadav
Wicket Keepers
Dinesh Karthik, Quinton de Kock
Bowlers
Imran Tahir, Siddarth Kaul,

Shahbaz Nadeem, Wayne Parnell,

Mohammed Shami, HS Sharath ,Rahul Sharma, Rahul Shukla, Jaydev

Unadkat

20

KINGS XI PUNJAB

(fig no. 2.3 logo of kings XI punjab)

Kings XI Punjab is a cricket franchise based in Mohali, Punjab in the
Indian Premier League. It is currently captained and coached by former
Australian wicket-keeper batsman Adam Gilchrist. The team plays its
home matches at the PCA Stadium, Mohali. Since 2010 IPL, they have
been playing some of their home games at Dharamsala.
The first owners of the franchise included Preity Zinta, Karan Paul
(Apeejay Surendera Group) and Mohit Burman (Dabur). The group paid
a total of $76 million to acquire the franchise.
Following the controversy surrounding the BCCI and Lalit Modi the
Indian Premier League announced that it had terminated the franchise
contracts of Kings XI Punjab and Rajasthan Royals

The teams

announced that they would take whatever legal action possible to remain
in the Indian Premier League Initially the team tried to negotiate a
solution with the league but when that couldn't be reached they decided to
file a case in Mumbai High Court accusing the IPL off getting rid of two
teams so that when the bidding process starts for the 2012 IPL season the
contract would be given to a more lucrative bidder. A division bench of

21

Hon. High Court of Mumbai has upheld the injunction order passed on by
Hon. Justice Vajifdar of Mumbai High court. This order stays till the
arbitrator, chosen by mutual consent of BCCI and Kings XI Punjab settles
the issue. The team wass allowed to take part in the player's auction to be
held on 8th & 9 January post fulfillment of certain financial clauses
imposed by Hon. Justice Vajifdar.

Kings XI Punjab PLAYERs

Batsmen
Virender Sehwag, Cheteshwar Pujara, David Miller, Mandeep Singh, Shaun Marsh
George Bailey, Gurkeerat Singh, Manan Vohra
All Rounders
Rishi Dhawan, Glenn Maxwell, Akshar Patel, Thisara Perera
Wicket Keepers
Wriddhiman Saha
Bowlers
Lakshmi pathy Balaji,

Murali Kartik,

Anureet Singh,

Parvinder Awana, Mitchell

Johnson, Beuran Hendricks, Sandeep Sharma, Karanveer Singh, Shardul Thakur,

Shivam Sharma

22

KOLKATA KNIGHT RIDERS

(fig no. 2.4 logo of Kolkata knight riders)

Kolkata Knight Riders (often abbreviated as KKR) is a cricket franchise
representing Kolkata in the Indian Premier League and owned by
Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan's company Red Chillies Entertainment
in partnership with actress Juhi Chawla and her husband Jay Mehta from
the Mehta Group.
The team is currently captained by Gautam Gambhir and coached by
Trevor Bayliss, a former Australian cricketer. The bowling legend, Wasim
Akram is the team's bowling consultant and mentor. Sourav Ganguly,
who was the team's Icon Player for the first three seasons, captained the
side in the first and third seasons of the tournament while Brendon
McCullum led the team in the intervening period.
The team won its first title in 2012 by defeating defending champions
Chennai Super Kings by 5 wickets at their home ground in Chennai. The
official theme of the team is Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re (We will do it,
Fight for it, Win it) and the official colors are purple and gold. The brand
value of the Kolkata Knight Riders was estimated at $57.5 million in
2011, ranking third amongst all ten teams

23

Initially, when Kolkata knight Riders were first introduced in 2008, the
logo of the team consisted of a blazing golden Viking helmet against a
black background with the name of the team Kolkata Knight Riders
written in gold next to it. However, the black background was changed to
purple in the third season. In 2012, a new logo, which consist of a blazing
purple Corinthian helmet trimmed with gold, with Kolkata Knight Rider
written within a shield has been introduced. The name Knight Riders has
been chosen keeping in view the kids and the youth.

Kolkata Knight Riders PLAYERS

Batsmen
Robin Uthappa
05 Gautam Gambhir (Captain)
Manish Pandey
Suryakumar Yadav
Chris Lynn

All Rounders
Jacques Kallis, Andre Russell, Ryan ten, Doeschate Template:Country ,data Assam ,Shakib
Al Hasan, Yusuf Pathan. Sayan Sekhar Mondal
Wicket Keepers
Debabrata Das, Manvinder Bisla

Bowlers
Morne Morkel, Patrick Cummins, Umesh Yadav, Ranganath, Vinay Kumar, Veer Pratap
Singh, Piyush Chawla, Rajdeep Das, Sunil Narine

24

MUMBAI INDIANS

(fig no. 2.5 logo of mumbai indians)

Mumbai Indians is a franchise cricket team representing the city of
Mumbai in the Indian Premier League. The team is one of the eight
founding members of the IPL in 2008. Mumbai Indians are currently led
by Harbhajan Singh and coached by Robin Singh.
They are one of the main teams in the city, together with clubs like the
Mumbai cricket team and football club Mumbai FC. The team is owned
by India's biggest conglomerate, Reliance Industries, through its 100%
subsidiary IndiaWin Sports. Mumbai Indians is ranked No.2 in the IPL
with a brand value of $57.13 million in season four of IPL after Chennai
Super Kings (who are the no. 1 with brand value of $70 million)
Mumbai Indians were the winners of the 2011 edition of the Champion
League Twenty20 which was held in the Indian Sub-Continent this
season. They defeated the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the final held
at Chennai by 31 runs.
The team logo has the Sudarshana Chakra with the team's name engraved
in it.

25

The team colours was almost the same in 2008 and 2009, except for the
colour shade and additional sponsors. In 2010 a new kit with golden
stripes was unveiled. In 2011, kit used in 2010 is being used with a
change in the main sponsor name. The 2011 jersey also has three gold
stripes going towards the back on the side of the jersey for the new
players in the team.

Mumbai Indians PLAYERS

Batsmen
Rohit Sharma (Captain), Lendle Simmons, Ambati Rayudu
All rounders
Corey Anderson,Kieron Pollard, Jalaj Saxena
Wicket keepers
Aditya Tare

Bowlers
Harbhajan Singh, Krishmar Santokie, Lasith Malinga

26

RAJASTHAN ROYALS

(fig no.2.6:- logo of rajasthan royals)

Rajasthan Royals is an Indian Premier League franchise based in the city
of the Jaipur. It is currently captained by former Indian captain Rahul
Dravid. They won the inaugural edition of the Indian Premier League
under the captaincy of former Australian spin-legend Shane Warne. In
2010, they were terminated by the BCCI for a brief period for violations
in terms of agreement but were allowed to play in the league soon after
the Board lost the case in the Supreme Court.
Rajasthan Royals were the least active franchise during the players'
auction. The team didn't have a designated icon player, which saved a lot
of cap space for the franchise. However, the franchise was surprisingly
low key during the auction, and in the end got penalized by the IPL
committee for failing to meet the minimum bidding criteria of $3.3
million.
Prior to the start of the inaugural IPL season, many considered the Royals
as possibly the weakest team in the IPL, giving them little chance of
competing well in the tournament. Evidence of the latter opinion seemed
to be confirmed when the team lost its first match against the Delhi
Daredevils in a 9 wicket loss.

27

However, The Royals secured a place in the finals with a victory against
the Delhi Daredevils.
The Rajasthan Royals became the winner of the first IPL tournament,
when they defeated the Chennai Super Kings by 3 wickets in the final
played on 1 June 2008. With the scores level with one ball remaining,
Sohail Tanvir scored the winning run and therefore prevented the match
from being decided on a bowl out.

Rajasthan Royals PLAYERS

Batsmen
Karun Nair, Ajinkya Rahane, Brad Hodge, Unmukt Chand

All Rounders
Shane Watson, James Faulkner,Stuart Binny, Kevon Cooper, Rajat Bhatia, Abhishek
Nayar, Steve Smith
Wicket Keepers
Sanju Samson, Ankush Bains, Dishant Yagnik

Bowlers
Pravin Tambe, Amit Mishra, Dhawal Kulkarni, Kane Richardson, Deepak Hooda, Ben
Cutting, Iqbal Abdulla, Tim Southee, Rahul Tewatia,Vikramjeet Malik, Ankit Sharma

ROYAL CHALLENGERS BANGALORE

28

(fig no. 2.7

logo of royal challengers

bangalore)
Royal Challengers Bangalore (often abbreviated as RCB) is a cricket
team based in Bangalore that plays in the Indian Premier League. The
team is currently led by Daniel Vettori and coached by South African Ray
Jennings. The team is owned by Vijay Mallya, through his flagship firm
UB Group.
The director of the team is Siddharth Mallya.
The team won only 4 matches in the inaugural season, losing 10 matches
and finishing second from the bottom in the table. RCB plays all its
home matches at the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium. The franchise has been
one of the most successful and consistent in the IPL having reached the
semis/play-off's every season apart from 2008 and 2012. It was the only
team in the world to have qualified for and played in all the three seasons
of the Champions League Twenty20 tournament, until in 2012, RCB
came fifth in the points table, and failed to qualify for either the playoffs
or the Champions League Twenty20 2012.
Vijay Mallya wanted to associate one of his top-selling liquor brands,
either

No. 1 McDowell's or Royal Challenge with the team. The latter

was chosen, hence the name. The jersey colours of the team are red and

29

golden yellow, the same as the Karnataka state flag, and the logo consists
of the RC emblem with "Royal Challengers Bangalore" in standard
format.

Royal Challengers Bangalore PLAYERS

Batsmen
Virat Kohli(Captain), Tanmay Mishra,Nic Maddinson, Vijay Zol, Chris Gayle
All Rounders
Yuvraj Singh,Sachin Rana,Albie Morkel
Wicket Keepers
Parthiv Patel, Yogesh Takawale, AB de Villiers
Bowlers
Ashok Dinda, Varun Aaron,Abu Nechim, Shadab Jakati, Yuzvendra Chahal, Sandeep
Warrier,Harshal Patel, Ravi Rampaul, Mitchell Starc, Muttiah Muralitharan

Sunrisers Hyderabad

30

The Sunrisers Hyderabad (often abbreviated as SRH) are a cricket franchise based in
the city of Hyderabad that plays in the Indian Premier League (IPL). The team is owned
by Kalanithi Maran of the Sun TV channel Network. Shikhar Dhawan (sometimes Darren
Sammy ) is the captain, Tom Moody is the head coach and Simon Helmot is the assistant
coach of the team. Krish Srikkanth and VVS Laxman are the mentors of the team
while Waqar Younis is the bowling coach of the team

Franchise history

Sunrisers Hyderabad replaced the Deccan Chargers in 2013. They retained 20 players
from the Chargers, which left slots open for 13 players (eight Indian, five overseas). They
filled

six

of

these

with Thisara

Perera, Darren

Sammy, Sudeep

Tyagi,Nathan

McCullum, Quinton de Kock and Clint McKay. The team was announced in Chennai on
18 December 2012. The team is owned by Sun TV Network who won the bid of
850.5 million per year (850,500,000 Indian rupees, approximately $15.9 million) for a fiveyear deal, a week after Deccan Chargers was terminated due to prolonged financial
issues. Sun TV Network Limited, which is headquartered in Chennai, is one of India's
biggest television network with 32 TV channels and 45 FM radio stations which is India's
largest media and entertainment company.
The team jersey was unveiled on 8 March 2013, and team anthem composed by G. V.
Prakash Kumar was released on 12 March 2013. Their logo was unveiled on 20
December 2012, along with the announcement that the team's management would be
led by Krishnamachari Srikkanth, Tom Moody and VVS Laxman.

31

Team history
2013 season
In their inaugural season (IPL 2013) the team reached the playoffs but were eliminated
after losing the eliminator match against Rajasthan Royals by 4 wickets at Feroz Shah
Kotla in Delhi on 22 May 2013.

2014 season
For the 2014 season, Pune Warriors India was defunct and not replaced, leaving only
eight teams. The team retained two players. Namely Dale Steyn and Shikhar Dhawan. As
a result of this retention the team had an auction purse of Rs 380 million and two right-tomatch cards. Shikhar Dhawan and Darren Sammy were named as Captain and Vice
Captain respectively.
Due to the 2014 Lok Sabha Elections the season was partially held outside India with
the opening 20 matches in the UAE.with rest of the matches in India from May 2
onwards.
Dhawan leads the team for first 10 Matches and after that remaining 4 Matches in
League Sammy lead the team

32

DEFUNCT TEAMS
PUNE WARRIORS INDIA

Pune Warriors India (Marathi: ) was a franchise cricket teamthat

represented the city of Pune in the Indian Premier League. The team was one of two IPL
franchises from the Indian state of Maharashtra, the other beingMumbai Indians. It was
also one of the two new franchises added to the IPL for the 2011 season, alongside the
also-defunct Kochi Tuskers Kerala. The team was owned by Sahara Adventure Sports
Limited, a group company of the Indian business conglomerate Sahara India
Pariwar. The team's home ground was the Subrata Roy Sahara Stadium located in the
Pune suburb of Gahunje.
On 21 May 2013, Pune Warriors India withdrew from the IPL over financial differences
with the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) stemming from the valuation of the
annual franchise fee it had to pay. Their last match, before pulling out, was on 19 May
2013 against Delhi Daredevils. The franchise was officially terminated by the BCCI 5
months later, on 26 October 2013.
The team was not successful in their three years in the tournament, finishing second from
last in their inaugural season and in their final season and last in2012. Overall, the team
played 46 matches, out of which they won 12 and lost 33 (1 match no-result). The alltime leading run scorer of the side was Robin Uthappa while the all-time leading wickettaker was Rahul Sharma

33

Franchise history
On

21

March

2010,

Sahara

Adventure

Sports

Limited

successfully

bid 19

billion (US$310 million) for the Pune franchise, the highest bid by any company in the
history of IPL. The Videocon Group, an Indian consumer appliance manufacturer, also
bid for the Pune IPL Team,

but were unsuccessful. Along

with Kochi Tuskers Kerala,

the team joined the existing

eight teams in the IPL for

the 2011 season.

DECCAN

CHARGERS :

Deccan Chargers known in short as DC is a cricket franchise based in the city of

Hyderabad in the Indian Premier League. They, after finishing last in the first season
of the IPL, won the second season held in South Africa in 2009, under the captaincy
of former Australian wicket-keeper batsman Adam Gilchrist. Gilchrist was the captain
of the team for the first three seasons of the IPL. From the fourth season, Kumar
Sangakkara has been leading the team and Cameron White has been playing as his
deputy. The team is coached by Darren Lehmann, former Australian cricketer.
The Deccan Chargers franchise is owned by the Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited.
The media group acquired the franchise for an amount of USD 107 million on 24
January 2008. The Chargers logo is a charging bull. From the 2009 season, the team
changed the colour of the jersey (from beige and black to sparkling silver and blue)
and the logo (from gold and red to white and blue). There is no Icon Player for the
team as the former captain V.V.S. Laxman rejected the offer to be an icon player in
order to free funds and enable the franchise to buy & encourage younger players.

34

On 11 August 2009, Dinesh Wadhwa, former Regional Manager of ICICI Bank was
appointed chief operating officer for 2010.

KOCHI
(NOW DEFUNCT)

TUSKERS KERALA

Kochi Tuskers Kerala was a franchise cricket team that played in the Indian Premier
League (IPL) representing the city of Kochi, Kerala. The team was one of two new
franchisees added to the Indian Premier League (IPL) for the 2011 season, alongside
the Pune Warriors India. The team franchise was owned by Kochi Cricket Pvt Ltd.,
which was a consortium of multiple companies.
On September 19, 2011, the BCCI announced that the Kochi Tuskers Kerala IPL
franchise was terminated for breaching its terms of agreement. The consortium that
owns Kochi is reported to have defaulted on an annual payment of 156 crores as a
bank guarantee. The two new franchises, which made their debuts in 2011, had sought
a 25% waiver on the grounds that the BCCI had stated in the bidding document that
each team would play 18 league matches in a season. The schedule was later reduced
to 14 matches per team.
The chairman of Kochi Tuskers Kerala, Mukesh Patel, however, denied that the
franchise owed the board any money. Soon after the termination of the contract, the
owners of KTK threatened legal action against the BCCI. Mukesh Patel claimed that

35

Kochi Tuskers had never defaulted payments and that the BCCI would be paying
them 12-15 crore in October 2011 as a part of their central revenue.
On 21 September 2011, owners of Kochi Tuskers moved the Bombay High Court to
challenge the BCCI's decision to terminate the team's contract. However, the
franchise's plea seeking to restrain the BCCI from encashing its bank guarantee of
156 crore was rejected by a single bench of Justice SF Vajifdar.

SUCCESSFUL START

The inaugural match was played in Bangalore, between Kolkata and

Bangalore. A packed 55,000-capacity stadium under lights, cheerleaders
dancing to music through the match, and the presence of team owners
Shah Rukh Khan and Vijay Mallya set the perfect stage for the match.
The Kolkata team rose to the occasion with a high total, but the home
team collapsed a long way from the target. The match saw a TRP rating
of 8.3higher than any other programme on Indian Television during the
first season.
Though ratings have dropped since then, they remain at above 5higher
than any other programme running on TV. Thats marginally higher than
Indias most popular soap Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi, which has an
average rating of nearly 5. IPLs rating of 5 is no mean achievement,
given that it has 59 matches packed within 44 days.

36

SUMMARY OF THE SEASONS :

2008

INDIAN

PREMIER

LEAGUE

FIRST

SEASON:-

The 2008 Indian Premier League season was the debut season of the
Indian Premier League, established by the BCCI in 2007. The season
commenced on the 18 April 2008 with the final match held on 1 June
2008.
The competition started with a double round robin group stage, in which
each of the 8 teams played a home match and an away match against
every other team. These matches were followed by two semi-finals and a
final. In a match which went down to the last ball, Rajasthan Royals
defeated Chennai Super Kings in the final to win the title, with Yusuf
Pathan named the player of the match and Shane Watson adjudged the
player of the tournament. Sohail Tanvir won the purple cap for being the

37

top wicket-taking bowler while Shaun Marsh won the orange cap for
leading run-scorer in the tournament. Shreevats Goswami was awarded
the best under-19 player award and the special award for Fair Play was
won by the Mahendra Singh Dhoni-led Chennai Super Kings.

2009

INDIAN

PREMIER

LEAGUE

SECOND

SEASON:=

The 2009 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 2 or the 2009
IPL, was the second season of the Indian Premier League, established by
the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament
was hosted by South Africa and was played between 18 April and 24 May
2009. IPL 2 was the second biggest cricket tournament in the world, after
the Cricket World Cup, and was forecast to have an estimated television
audience of more than 200 million people in India alone.

SHIFTING TO SOUTH AFRICA

Concerns were raised in India that the tournament was the prime target of
terrorists. Because the second season of the IPL coincided with multiphase 2009 Indian general elections, the Government of India refused to
commit security by Indian paramilitary forces. As a result, the BCCI
decided to host the second season of the league outside India. On 24
March 2009, the BCCI officially announced that the second season of the

38

IPL will be held in South Africa.[7] Though India did not host the second
season, the format of the tournament remained unchanged from the 2008
season format.
Relocating the tournament posed extreme logistical challenges for the
BCCI since more than 10,000 cricketers and other staff members needed
to be flown from India to South Africa within a span of a few weeks. The
IPL injected approximately US$100 million into South Africa's local
economy. In addition, the BCCI signed a Rs. 8,200 crores (US$1.63
billion) contract with Multi Screen Media to broadcast matches live from
South Africa to India.
The IPL was hosted successfully in South Africa and was hailed as an
"extraordinary" accomplishment. The tournament was particularly praised
for globalizing cricket and had set record television viewership. The
tournament was won by Deccan Chargers while the Bangalore Royal
Challengers were declared as runners-up.

CHANGES IN RULES AND REGULATIONS

Some of the rules were changed for the 2009 edition of the IPL. The
number of international players allowed in any one squad was increased
from 8 to 10 although the number allowed in any playing 11 remained at
4. The players purchase cap was increased from 5 to 7 million. The BCCI
also negotiated with the ECB to allow English cricketers to participate in
the 2009 edition of the IPL. English players were allowed to play for 21
days in between their tour to West Indies and the subsequent return tour.
The format was the same as previous season.

39

2010 INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE THIRD SEASON

The 2010 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 3 or the 2010
IPL, was the third season of the Indian Premier League, established by
the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament
was hosted by India and had an estimated television audience of more
than 200 million people in the country.It was played between 12 March
and 25 April 2010. It was also the first ever cricket tournament that was
broadcast live on YouTube. The final four matches of the tournament
were screened in 3D across movie halls in India.
The tournament was won by the Chennai Super Kings, who defeated the
Mumbai Indians in the final played at Navi Mumbai. The purple cap went
to Pragyan Ojha of Deccan Chargers, while the orange cap and the player
of the tournament award were awarded to Sachin Tendulkar of the
Mumbai Indians. Saurabh Tiwary was declared the U-23 success of the
tournament, while the Chennai Super Kings won the Fair Play Award.

ADDITION OF VENUES

40

Five new venues were introduced for the third edition of IPL. These
included Nagpur, Cuttack, Navi Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Dharamsala.
Nagpur, Cuttack, and Navi Mumbai amongst them hosted the home
games for Deccan Chargers, and Ahmedabad and Dharamsala shared
some of the home matches of Rajasthan Royals and Kings XI Punjab
respectively. Additionally, Hyderabad, which hosted all Deccan's home
games in 2008, did not host any games this season. This was attributed to
the possibility of unrest due to a Telengana state succession.
SECURITY CONCERNS
In one of the last games of the tournament, two bombs went off in
Bangalore, while another was defused. The game on the day did continue,
however, after an hour's delay. As a consequence both semi-finals were
moved out of the city. A third device was defused on 18 April 2010. All
three devices were hidden in the stadium's perimeter wall and the two
explosions were believed to have injured 15 people. Initial investigations
suggested that the explosives used in the devices were locally made and
were of low intensity. Former cricketers Sir Ian Botham, Brian Lara,
Steve Waugh and Shaun Pollock urged the players not to give in to
terrorism by opting out of the league

PLAYER AUCTION
11 players were sold at the player auction held on 19 January 2010 in
Mumbai. This was from a list of 97 registered players, which was then
shortlisted to 66. West Indian all rounder Kieron Pollard and New
Zealand fast bowler Shane Bond were the highest bid players in the
auction who were bought for $750,000 but not before their prices went in

41

the silent tie breaker round. Kieron Pollard was bought by Mumbai
Indians and Shane Bond by Kolkata Knight Riders.
The rules and format were the same as the previous season with the
exception of the strategic timeout. Each innings had two mandatory
timeouts of two-and-a-half minutes each. The fielding captain must take
one at the end of over six, seven, eight or nine, and the batsmen at the end
of over 13, 14, 15 or 16

2011

INDIAN

PREMIER

LEAGUE

FOURTH

SEASON

The 2011 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 4 or the IPL
2011, was the fourth season of the Indian Premier League, the top
Twenty20 cricket league in India. The tournament was hosted in India
and the opening and closing ceremonies were held in M. A.
Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai, the home venue of the reigning
champions Chennai Super Kings. The season ran from 8 April to 28 May
2011. This season the number of teams in the league went from eight to
ten with the additions of the Pune Warriors India and the Kochi Tuskers
Kerala.
The tournament was won by the Chennai Super Kings for the second
successive season, defeating Royal Challengers Bangalore by 58 runs in
the final in Chennai, with the winning team's Murali Vijay being named
Man of the Match. With this win Chennai Super Kings became the only
team to have won the IPL on more than one occasion. Despite Bangalore
failing to win the title, one of the team's players, Chris Gayle was named

42

as the tournament's best player. He scored 608 runs in twelve innings

the most in the tournament as well as picking up eight wickets, having
joined the team after the start of the season due to an injury to another
overseas player, Dirk Nannes. Mumbai Indians' Lasith Malinga set a new
record for most wickets taken within an Indian Premier League season,
claiming 28 wickets during the campaign, but Mumbai had to settle for
third place in the tournament, having lost to Bangalore in the second
qualifier. Chennai, Bangalore and Mumbai represented India in the
Champions League 2011 tournament in September. The Fly Kingfisher
Fair Play Award was again won by the Chennai Super Kings for topping
the fair-play table

CHANGE IN FORMAT
With the introduction of 2 new teams, a new ten-team format was created.
This new format consists of 74 matches and was introduced as retaining
the previous format would result in 94 matches, significantly greater than
the 60 matches from the previous season, where teams compete in a
double round-robin tournament. The knockout stage was changed to a
playoff format. If a match ends in a tie, a Super Over will be played to
determine the winner.
The ten teams are divided into two groups of five. In the group stage,
each team plays 14 games: facing the other four teams in their group two
times each (one home and one away game), four teams in the other group
once, and the remaining team two times. A random draw was used to
determine the groups and who plays whom across the groups once and
twice.

43

Each team plays the team in the same row and the same column twice,
and all others once. For instance, Pune Warriors will play Chennai Super
Kings and the other Group A teams twice but the other teams from Group
B (Kolkata Knight Riders, Kochi Tuskers Kerala, Royal Challengers
Bangalore and Rajasthan Royals) only once. Similarly Kochi Tuskers
Kerala will play Delhi Daredevils and the other Group B teams twice but
all other teams from Group A only once.

2012 INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE FIFTH SEASON

The 2012 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 5 or the IPL
2012 or the DLF IPL 2012 (owing to title sponsorship reasons), was the
fifth season of the Indian Premier League, initiated by the Board of
Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)in 2007 with the first season played in
2008. The tournament began on 4 April and ended on 27 May 2012.
Kolkata Knight Riders were the winning team, beating defending
champions Chennai Super Kings by five wickets in the final. This season
the number of teams in the league went from ten to nine with the
termination of Kochi Tuskers Kerala.
Despite a slow start, IPL 5 earned a higher cumulative viewership than
any previous edition of the IPL. The cumulative reach for 74 IPL 5
matches was recorded at 163 million against 162 million for 73 matches
in IPL 4, and the final match had a higher reach than any previous final.

44

This edition of the IPL has been the most competitive with 19 matches in
which team won in the last over and 6 matches in which team won by a
margin of less than 10 runs. Near the end of the season, the season faced
various hurdles including a spot fixing case, which allegedly included 5
players caught on a sting operation carried on by a local news channel.
The top three teams of the tournament (Kolkata Knight Riders, Chennai
Super Kings and Delhi Daredevils) will represent India in the 2012
Champions League Twenty20. The Fair Play Award was won by
Rajasthan Royals, while Kings XI Punjab batsman Mandeep Singh was
named the tournament's "Rising Star" and Kolkata Knight Riders bowler
Sunil Narine was Player of the Season.

45

2013 Indian Premier League

DATES 3rd APRIL 2013-26th MAY 2013
HOST(s) INDIA
CHAMPIONS MUMBAI INDIANS
MAN OF THE SERIES SHANE WATSON (RR)
MOST RUNS MICHAEL HUSSEY (CSK) (733)
MOST WICKETS DWAYNE BRAVO (CSK) (32)

The 2013 season of the Indian Premier League, abbreviated as IPL 6 or IPL 2013, was
the sixth season of the Indian Premier League, established by the Board of Control for
Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament featured nine teams and was held from 3
April

to

26

May

2013. The

opening

ceremony

was

held

at

the Salt

Lake

Stadium in Kolkata on 2 April 2013. This was the first season with PepsiCo as the title
sponsor. The Kolkata Knight Riders were the defending champions, having won the 2012
season. A spot fixing case was revealed by Delhi Police, leading to arrest of three
cricketers

from Rajasthan

Royals and

other

persons. Mumbai

Indians won

the

tournament for the first time, defeating Chennai Super Kings in the final by 23 runs.

Sponsorship
PepsiCo replaced DLF Ltd as the title sponsor starting with the 2013 season. DLF did not
renew their contract after their initial five-year contract, for
previous season. PepsiCo's contract is

2.50 billion, ended with the

3968 million for five years, ending with the 2017

season. In response to questions about the higher sponsorship costs compared to DLF's,
a representative of PepsiCo said, "Our estimate is that we will get five to six times the
value of the money we paid." However,Brand Finance had assessed the IPL's brand
value to have fallen from $4.1 billion in 2010 to $2.9 billion in 2012, attributed to the
decline in television ratings over the two years.

46

Termination of Deccan Chargers

Deccan Chargers, champions of the 2009 Indian Premier League, became the second
team to be terminated from the IPL after Kochi Tuskers Kerala. The owners failed to save
the team after several attempts were made with the Bombay High Court and Supreme
Court of India. Immediately after the Chargers' termination, the BCCI invited bidders for a
replacement team also based in Hyderabad. It was announced on 25 October 2012
that Sun TV Network won the bid at

850.5 million per year. The new team was named

the Sunrisers Hyderabad.

Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony was held at the largest stadium in India, and the second largest
stadium in the world by capacity, theSalt Lake Stadium or Yuva Bharati Krirangan
in Kolkata, on 2 April 2013. All nine teams, led by their captains, took the "MCCSpirit of
Cricket" pledge. Mamata Banerjee, the Chief Minister of West Bengal, was present at the
ceremony. It featured live performances of American rapper Pitbull and Indian film
stars Shahrukh Khan, Katrina Kaif and Deepika Padukone

Withdrawal by Pune Warriors India

On 21 May 2013, Pune Warriors India terminated their participation in the league due to
disagreements with their franchisee fees for the BCCI

47

Venues

12 venues were selected to host the matches, with Raipur and Ranchi hosting for the first
time in the tournament's history. In the playoff stage, Delhi will host the Qualifier 1 and
Eliminator while Kolkata will host the Qualifier 2 and Final.Chennai was originally
scheduled to host the playoff stage matches instead of Delhi on account of Chennai and
Kolkata being the home venues of the runners-up and champions of the 2012 season.
The change was made due to the political tension in Tamil Nadu preventing Sri Lankan
players and management staff from entering the state

Other incidents

Spot-fixing

On

16

May

2013, Rajasthan

Royals players Sreesanth, Ankeet

Chavan and Ajit

Chandila were arrested from Mumbai's Trident Hotel by Delhi Police along with seven
bookies on charges of spot-fixing in the tournament. Police sources said the players have
been accused of spot-fixing in their matches on 9 and 15 May 2013 against Kings XI
Punjab and Mumbai Indians respectively.

48

2014 INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE

DATES - 16th APRIL 2014 1st JUNE 2014

HOST(s) UNITED ARAB EMIRATES,
INDIA
CHAMPIONS KOLKATA KNIGHT RIDERS (KKR)
MOST RUNS - ROBIN UTHAPPA (KKR) (660)
MOST WICKETS - MOHIT SHARMA (CSK) (23)

The 2014 season of the Indian Premier League, abbreviated as IPL 7 or Pepsi IPL
2014, is the seventh season of the IPL. The Kolkata Knight Ridersare the champions,
having won the 2014 season. There are eight teams this season, one fewer than in 2013
after the withdrawal of the Pune Warriors India.
A part of this season was held outside India after previous Home MinisterSushil Kumar
Shinde denied the provision of security the league demanded as it clashed with the 2014
general election. The tournament is jointly hosted by India and the United Arab Emirates.
The opening 20 matches were held in theUAE at three different stadiums in Abu
Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah with the tournament returning to India on 2 May.
The player auction took place on 12 and 13 February 2014. Unlike previous seasons, the
auction was in Indian Rupees rather than US dollars.

Hosting
On 14 February, Sanjay Patel, who is the BCCI secretary, told the media after the IPL
governing council meeting: "As far as possible our interest is to hold the IPL in India.

49
Then, probably, South Africa is the preferred venue at the moment. The initial part of the
season was held outside India, to avoid adding to the existing security demands for
the 2014

Lok

Sabha

Elections. South

Africa, Bangladesh and UAE were

initially

shortlisted as alternative venues. The BCCI working committee's meeting on 28 February

decided that a final decision would be taken once the schedule for the general election
was announced as the BCCI wanted to have as many matches as possible hosted in
India due to pressure from the sponsors.
On 2 March 2014, it was reported that Sri Lanka, which was under fourth consideration
for hosting the matches, has been ruled out due to prospect of rains in the country during
the period. On 5 March 2014, when the dates for general elections were announced, IPL
chairman Ranjib Biswal stated that 6070 percent of the tournament would be held in
India. Also, South Africa as an alternate venue has effectively been ruled out since they
wanted to host the entire tournament, leaving chances open for UAE and Bangladesh.
On 12 March 2014, it was announced that the tournament would begin on 16 April and at
least 16 matches will be played inUnited Arab Emirates till 30 April. From the 1st to 12
May, BCCI has approached the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India seeking
permission to play IPL matches in India in cities where the polling has concluded in the
respective state. If it is not possible to play in India during this period, IPL matches will be
held in Bangladesh. All matches after 12 May, which is last day of polling for the
elections, will be played in India. No matches will be played on 16 May, given it is the day
for counting of votes for the general election. The final was played on 1 June 2014.

SCHEDULE
The schedule of the first phase of the IPL 2014 was announced on 19 March 2014. The
first phase of the tournament consist of 20 matches played from 16 to 30 April 2014 in
the United Arab Emirates. The opening match of the tournament was played between the
defending champions Mumbai Indians and the Kolkata Knight Riders on 16 April 2014 at
the Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi at 6:30 pm local time (8:00 pm
IST). From 2 May onwards the 36 games of the regular season and the 4 playoffs will be
played in India across 10 venues

50

BROADCAST
Times Internet decided to share IPL digital rights with STAR India giving StarSports.com
streaming rights alongside YouTube, which has been streaming IPL since its inception in
2008. In the UK, ITV4 will show the league for the final time before Sky Sports takes over
in 2015. Willow Cricket carried coverage of the season in the United States

VENUES
The first leg of the tournament was hosted in the United Arab Emirates so that the
competition would not clash with the Indian elections, with the second leg to be hosted
in India. The MA Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai was removed as a venue due to a
dispute with the municipal authorities

51

CRITICISM AND CONTROVERSIES

MEDIA RESTRICTIONS :
Initially the IPL enforced strict guidelines to media covering matches,
consistent with their desire to use the same model sports leagues in North
America use in regards to media coverage. Notable guidelines imposed
included the restriction to use images taken during the event unless
purchased from cricket.com, owned by Live Current Media Inc (who won
the rights to such images) and the prohibition of live coverage from the
cricket grounds. Media agencies also had to agree to upload all images
taken at IPL matches to the official website. This was deemed
unacceptable by print media around the world. Upon the threat of
boycott, the IPL eased up on several of the restrictions. On 15 April 2008
a revised set of guidelines offering major concessions to the print media
and agencies was issued by the IPL and accepted by the Indian
Newspaper Society.
CONFLICTS WITH THE ENGLAND AND WALES
CRICKET BOARD :
Because the inaugural IPL season coincided with the County
Championship season as well as New Zealand's tour of England, the ECB
and county cricket clubs raised their concerns to the BCCI over players.
The ECB made it abundantly clear that they would not sign No Objection
Certificates for playersa prerequisite for playing in the IPL. Chairmen
of the county clubs also made it clear that players contracted to them
were required to fulfill their commitment to their county. As a result of

52

this, Dimitri Mascarenhas was the only English player to have signed
with the IPL for the 2008 season.
A result of the ECB's concerns about players joining the IPL, was a
proposed radical response of creating their own Twenty20 tournament
that would be similar in structure to the IPL. The league titled the
Twenty20 English Premier League would feature 21 teams in three
groups of seven and would occur towards the end of the summer season.
The ECB enlisted the aid of Texas billionaire Allen Stanford to launch the
proposed league. Stanford was the brains behind the successful Stanford
20/20, a tournament that has run twice in the West Indies. On 17 February
2009, when news of the fraud investigation against Stanford became
public, the ECB and WICB withdrew from talks with Stanford on
sponsorship. On February 20 the ECB announced it has severed its ties
with Stanford and cancelled all contracts with him.

CONFLICTS WITH CRICKET AUSTRALIA :

The BCCI also experienced run-ins with Cricket Australia (CA) over
player availability for Australia's 2008 tour of the West Indies and CA's
desire for global protection of their sponsors. CA had feared that sponsors
of the IPL (and its teams) that directly competed with their sponsors
would jeopardize already existing arrangements. This issue was
eventually resolved and it was also agreed upon that Australian players
would be fully available for the West Indies tour.

CHEERLEADERS :

53

The IPL has been criticised by a few politicians and feminists for
bringing in foreign cheerleaders, which is seen by many to not be in the
traditional spirit of the game, as well as being against some Indian
sensibilities. Two cheerleaders from London were asked to leave the
ground at Mohali because of the colour of their skin by Wizcraft
International Entertainment, which handles the team Kings XI Punjab.
Ellesha Newton and Sherinne Anderson, both from London and of
African ancestry were allegedly barred from entering the stadium by
employees of Wizcraft International Entertainment on the pretext that
"people dont like dark girls here". Both the girls also allege that an
employee referred to them with the racial slur nigger.
Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) said a probe would be
initiated by the IPL only if the two women officially complain to IPL
commissioner Lalit Modi.
BCCI and IPL officials are surprised that the two cheerleaders did not
complain about the alleged racist behaviour while they were in India and
spoke about it only after they returned to London.
"We have not received any complaint from any cheerleaders that they
were asked to leave by the Mohali-based Kings XI Punjab franchise
recently because of the colour of their skin," BCCI joint secretary M.P.
Pandove said in Mohali.
SREESANTH

HARBHAJAN

SINGH

ALTERCATION :

On 25 April 2008, following the King's XI Punjab (KXIP)'s victory in the

Indian Premier League over the Mumbai Indians at Mohali, KXIP player

54

Sreesanth was slapped under his eye by Harbhajan Singh, the stand-in
captain of Mumbai Indians. The incident came to light as Sreesanth was
caught by TV cameras sobbing inconsolably on the field before the
presentation ceremony. Sreesanth had since downplayed the incident
saying he had no complaints against Harbhajan who was "like an elder
brother" to him. Harbhajan's team had lost their third consecutive match
when he apparently reacted violently to Sreesanth's approaching him and
reportedly saying "hard luck". The footage of the slap has not yet been
released for public viewing. The BCCI launched an investigation into the
incident and decided to ban Harbhajan for the remainder 11 matches of
the Twenty20 tournament.
CONFLICT WITH CRICKET CLUB OF INDIA :

As per IPL rules, the winner of the previous competition decides the
venue for the finals.In 2009, the reigning Champions, Deccan Chargers
chose the Brabourne Stadium in Mumbai. However, a dispute regarding
use of the pavilion meant that no IPL matches could be held there. The
members of the Cricket Club of India that owns the stadium have the sole
right to the pavilion on match days, whereas the IPL required the pavilion
for its sponsors. The members were offered free seats in the stands,
however the club rejected the offer, stating that members could not be
moved out of the pavilion

SUSPENSION OF LALIT MODI :

55

On 25 April 2010, the BCCI suspended Lalit Modi, the IPL chairman, for
"alleged acts of individual misdemeanours". The suspension notice was
served on him by Rajeev Shukla, BCCI vice-president, and N Srinivasan,
the board secretary, sending an e-mail to the same effect. It followed a
day of negotiations with interlocutors attempting to persuade Modi to
resign but pre-empted a potentially flashpoint at a scheduled IPL
governing council meeting, which Modi had said he would attend. Modi
was officially barred from participating in the affairs of the Board, the
IPL and any other committee of the BCCI
Chirayu Amin, an industrialist and head of the Baroda Cricket
Association, was named interim chairman of the IPL by the BCCI,
following Lalit Modi's suspension.According to BCCI, many important
documents were missing from the IPL and BCCI offices. "Many of the
records are missing. The IT is asking for documents. We don't have them.
We have asked BCCI CAO Prof Ratnakar Shetty to look into the missing
records and papers," said BCCI President Shashank Manohar

CONTROVERSY ABOUT TAX EXEMPTION :

A controversy was triggered when the Centre gave away potential

revenue of

45 crore by granting exemption to International Cricket

Council (ICC) on the revenue generated from the recently concluded

World Cup Cricket Tournament. In connection the PIL filed by Shiv Sena
leader Subhash Desai seeking a direction to the Maharashtra government
and the Income Tax Department to recover entertainment tax from IPL.
He also asked the petitioner to make Sharad Pawar a party if he wanted to

56

make allegations against him as he headed the apex cricketing body two
years ago.
In August 2011, Finance minister Pranab Mukherjee said Tuesday that the
Income Tax Department is probing allegations of financial irregularities
and "criminal activities" against some of the franchisees in the Indian
Premier League (IPL)
In June 2011, the Chennai High Court said it could not appreciate the
tax exemption to the Indian Premier League and sought a response from
Tamil Nadu government on the issue. The PIL filed by Vasan, alias Sakthi
Vasan, had contended that the matches conducted by the IPL are for the
entertainment of the public. He submitted that the tickets for the IPL
matches were being sold at exorbitant rates and the higher range of tickets
are purchased by the rich and the affluent. The petitioner said the Income
Tax Department was the authority for regulating the tariff for
entertainment, which he said would include the IPL matches, but the
department failed to regulate the (IPL) tariff.

TERMINATION OF THE KOCHI FRANCHISE

On September 19, 2011, the newly elected BCCI president N Srinivasan,

after the annual general meeting in Mumbai, announced that the Kochi
Tuskers Kerala IPL franchise was terminated by the BCCI for breaching
its terms of agreement.Under the terms of the agreement, each franchise
has to submit a bank guarantee every year that covers the fee payable to
the BCCI. The 2010-founded team was bought for Rs 1,550 crore and the
consortium has to pay a bank guarantee of 156 crore every year till 2020.

57

The consortium that owns Kochi is reported to have defaulted on an

annual payment of 156 crores as a bank guarantee. In April 2010, the
BCCI's working committee had rejected demands from Kochi and Pune
Warriors for a reduction in their franchise fees. The two new franchises,
which made their debuts in 2011, had sought a 25% waiver on the
grounds that the BCCI had stated in the bidding document that each team
would play 18 league matches in a season. The schedule was later
reduced to 14 matches per team.

2012 SPOT FIXING CASE

On 14 May 2012, an Indian news channel India TV aired a sting

operation which accused 5 players involved in spot fixing. Reacting to
the news, Indian Premier League president Rajiv Shukla immediately
suspended the 5 uncapped players. The five players were, TP Sudhindra
(Deccan Chargers), Mohnish Mishra (Pune Warriors), Amit Yadav,
Shalabh Srivastava (Kings XI Punjab) and Abhinav Bali, Delhi
cricketer .However, the report went on to claim that none of the famous
cricketers were found guilty. On the reliability of the report, Rajat
Sharma, the editor-in-chief of news channel India TV quoted that the
channel had no doubts about the authenticity of the sting operation and
prepared to go to court.

58

Mohnish Mishra who was part of Pune Warriors India team for the
season, admitted to have said that franchises pay black money, in a sting
operation. Mishra was caught on tape saying that franchisees paid them
black money and that he had received 1.5 crore (US$271,500) from the
later, among which 1.2 crore (US$217,200) was black money. He was
also suspended from his team

INITIAL VIEWERSHIP

The first matches of the season had recorded an average Television

Viewership Rating (TVR) of 3.76, 18.7% less than the previous season.
The viewership was also reportedly low for the opening ceremony with a
rating of 1.3 TVR. The decline was attributed to the number of matches
being played, as the count stands at 76 among 9 teams.The rating
continued to fall as the cumulative number of people who tuned in to
watch the first 16 games also declined from 127.40 million in 2011 to
122.44 million.
However, despite this slow start, IPL 5 garnered a higher cumulative
viewership than any previous edition of the IPL. The cumulative reach for
74 IPL 5 matches was recorded at 163 million against 162 million for 73
matches in IPL 4, and the final match had a higher reach than any
previous final

OTHER CHARGES IN SEASON FIVE :

59

9 April: Shah Rukh Khan, owner of the Kolkata Knight Riders, was
served a notice by the Rajasthan Police for smoking in public. Shah
Rukh was caught smoking on camera during a match between the
Kolkata Knight Riders, the IPL team he owns, and the Rajasthan
Royals on April 8.
14 May: An Indian news channel India TV aired a sting operation
that accused five players involved in spot fixing.
16 May: Shah Rukh Khan, owner of the Kolkata Knight Riders,
received a five-year ban from the Wankhede Stadium for arguing
with security at the ground after a match.
18 May: Luke Pomersbach, a Royal Challengers Bangalore
batsman, was arrested on charges of molesting an American
woman. He was later granted interim bail.
20 May: Rahul Sharma and Wayne Parnell, Pune Warriors players,
were detained by Mumbai Police along with hundreds at a rave
party bust.

60

61

NO DADA NO KKR
No Dada No KKR

Abbreviation

NDNKKR

Motto

Raising a Voice against injustice.

Type

Protest group

Purpose

Protest

against

exclusion

ofSourav

Ganguly from Kolkata Knight Riders

Headquarters

Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Volunteers

more than 6350 members in facebook

group and still continuing

Fig no.
No Dada No KKR (or NDNKKR) is a protest group formed after Kolkata Knight
Riders (KKR), a Kolkata based franchise in the Indian Premier League (IPL), did
not bid for Former Indian Cricket Captain Sourav Ganguly (Dada) during the IPL
auctions. Ganguly was the fourth highest run scorer in the previous edition of IPL.
He was rejected by KKR as well as all other franchises in the auction, leading to
a Facebook protest from his fans.The protesters also went on to the streets
of Kolkata for the protest .This was followed by a silent protest rally, signature
campaigns throughout the country and abroad, a leaflet campaign, and stadium
protests. NDNKKR and the campaigns both received national and international
press attention. KKR's opening match had drastically lower attendance, and
attendance during the rest of the season was also below full capacity

2013 INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE SPOT-FIXING AND

BETTING CASE

62
The 2013 Indian Premier League spot fixing and betting case arose when the Delhi
Police arrested three cricketers,Sreesanth, Ajit Chandila and Ankeet Chavan, on the
charges of spot-fixing. The three represented the Rajasthan Royals in the 2013 Indian
Premier

League. In

separate

case, Mumbai

Police arrested Vindu

Dara

Singh and Gurunath Meiyappanfor alleged betting and having links with bookies.

Investigation details

Sreesanth was arrested from his friend's house, whereas Chandila and Chavan were
arrested from their team hotel inMumbai. Rajasthan Royals suspended the contracts of
the three players until the investigation is complete. Delhi police have claimed that
Sreesanth and Chavan have confessed being involved in the spot fixing. The police also
claimed that Chandila had tried to get other players, including Chavan, involved in the
spot fixing under the direction of the bookies.The Board of Control for Cricket in
India (BCCI) suspended the players till further investigation. BCCI secretary Sanjay
Jagdale, said,"The BCCI is shocked and saddened at the recent developments. The
BCCI has zero tolerance to corruption. We will offer all cooperation to the Delhi police
and all other authorities in their investigations in this matter. The IPL Governing Council
has met and decided that the cricketers found involved will be dealt with severely. On 4
June 2013, Delhi Police said that Sreeshant, Chandila and Chavan and 23 other people
arrested by them in the spot-fixing scandal were going to be slapped with the provisions
of Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA) since they were acting under
the command of underworld dons Dawood Ibrahim and Chhota Shakeel. Sreesanth,
Ankeet Chavan and 17 other people (including 14 alleged bookies) who were arrested by
the Delhi Police were released on bail on 10 June 2013 by a Delhi court due to lack of
evidence to be charged under MCOCA. Ajit Chandila had not applied for bail.
Delhi Police chief Neeraj Kumar said they had been taping phone calls since April
2013. He added, "Further arrests will be of bookies and no more players will be arrested.
The International Cricket Council withdrew umpire Asad Rauf from the Champions
Trophy in the wake of reports that the Mumbai Police are conducting an investigation into
Asad Raufs activities in the IPL spot fixing scandal

63

RAJ KUNDRA CASE

On 5 June 2013, Rajastan Royals team co-owner Raj Kundra was questioned by
the Delhi Police for alleged involvement in illegal betting. On 6 June 2013, Delhi Police
claimed that he had confessed to them of placing bets on his IPL team through a bookie
who was his friend. On 7 June 2013, Rajastan Royals team management said that Raj
Kundra would be suspended and all his shares in the team taken back if the charges
against him of betting were proved. Because of this, he was suspended from the IPL by
the BCCI on 10 June 2013

REACTIONS
Initially Sreesanth's father Shantakumaran Nair termed his son's arrest to be a "larger
conspiracy", and blamed cricketers M. S. Dhoni and Harbhajan Singh for connecting his
son with the scandal, but later retracted the statement and regretted.
There were reports that both the Delhi and the Mumbai police were in an unfriendly
competition between each other and there was a lack of co-ordination between them. But
these reports were later dismissed by Maharashtra Home minister R.R. Patil saying that
the two teams were co-operating with each other to uncover the truth

64

BUSINESS MODEL OF THE IPL

These are the basic 4 components of an IPL and there are many contracts
between these parties.

T ele v i
s io n
R ig h ts

Spo
nsor
s h ip
s
P la y e rs
a n d T ea m
O ffic ia ls F ra
nch
is e s

U m p ire s
and
M a tc h
O ffic ia ls

I
P
L

(Fig no. business model)

65

FRANCHISES
IPL invites offers to bid for franchises through auction process. The party
to be selected for franchise will be at the discretion of IPL body.
The winning party holds the franchisee for perpetuity unless the
termination of contract takes place. The franchisee holding fee is paid in a
period of 10 years.
Franchises agreement is treated as contract based intangible asset and all
the accounting and evaluation rules are applicable to team owners.
The main terms and conditions of the contracts between IPL and
franchises that define their earning and expenses are:

FRANCHISE CAN EARN REVENUES THROUGH

Broadcast rights (Franchise: IPL 80:20)

Sponsorship (Franchise: IPL 60:40)
Team sponsorship
Gate receipts (Franchise: IPL 80:20)
In-stadia Advertising

MAIN EXPENSES FRANCHISEES HAVE TO BEAR

Franchise fee to IPL

Player Acquisition cost
Stadium hire charges
Team costs (Coach, travel, insurance, office, other expenses)
Marketing/ Promotion costs

66

OTHER LEGAL ASPECTS MAY INCLUDE:

The franchise must disclose its shareholding pattern to BCCI.
Any changes in shareholding or transfer of ownership must be
intimated to BCCI and their consent is required.
The number of players, domestic and foreign, that a franchise can
own and the composition of team to be formed should follow IPL
guidelines.

TERMINATION OF CONTRACT
Contract can be terminated on the grounds of
Breach of contract.
Mutual consent of franchisee and IPL

RULES FOR FRANCHISES

There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player. In the annual
auction, buying domestic players, signing uncapped players, through
trading and buying replacements. In the trading window the player can
only be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the
difference between the old contract price and the new contract price. If
the new contract is worth more than the older one then the difference will
be shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.

67

Some of the Team composition rules are:

Minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physio and a
coach.
No more than 10 foreign players in the squad and at most 4 in the
playing XI.
As this is domestic cricket so minimum of 8 local players must be
included in each squad.
A minimum of 2 players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each
squad.
The total spending cap for a franchisee in the first player auction was US
$5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum
annual salary of US $20,000 while for others it is US $50,000. The most
expensive players in the IPL to date is Gautam Gambhir of India fetched
the highest price of $2.4 million from Kolkata Knight Riders at the
auction for season 4

68

PLAYERS

CONTRACT

There is a 3 years contract between the Franchisee and players of that

Franchisee. According to the contract if a player play no games or less
than a quarter they will still be paid the minimum payment, which is 25%
of their contracted amount.
Players are treated as intangible assets for franchises. When a franchise
bids for certain players, it wins a Right to Play of such players during
the tournament.

TERMINATION
The contract is said to be terminated by the mutual consent of players and
franchisee owning the player.
The contract would also be terminated if there is a breach of contract i.e if
there is violation of Code of Conduct defined by IPL by any of the
involved parties.
AUCTIONING OF PLAYERS
In annual auction, domestic players are bought and uncapped players
signed through trading and buying replacements. In the trading window
the player can only be traded with his consent. If the new contract is
worth more than the older one then the difference will be shared between
the player and the franchise selling the player.

69

GUIDELINES FOR REPLACEMENTS

In a bid to streamline the registration process for "replacement" of
players, The Indian Premier League (IPL) laid down guidelines for
franchisees who want "replacements" to substitute contracted players
unavailable due to injury or any other reason.
The Franchisees must seek prior approval ahead of the Second Player
Auction from the IPL for all such "replacements". The DLF IPL stipulates
that "replacements" would be allowed only for players not available for
the whole season. The franchisee will be able to recruit a "replacement"
outside of the 2009 auction, at a player fee no more than that of the
replaced player and would not be counted as part of the 2009 Auction
Purse of US $ 2 million.
Additionally players not purchased during the auction will be available as
"replacement" at a player fee equivalent or greater than the reserve price.
Also "uncapped" overseas players or Indian players defined as under the
player trading rules would be available as "replacement. The DLF IPL
also stipulates that if the "replacement" player is an overseas player, then
he would require an NOC from his domestic board.

UMPIRES & REFEREES: (ON FIELD MATCH

OFFICIALS)
IPL has a standard set of rules called code of conduct for these match
officials. It is a contract between the IPL committee and the official, and
thus breach of contract can also happen.

70

In general if such a breach of contract is noted, then it can be reported to

IPL by following people:
1. The Team Manager
2. The Franchisee of one of the teams playing the match
3. IPL Chairman
4. However in case a referee finds a breach of contract involving
umpire, then he can also report the same to the IPL body.

In case of such breach of contract reported, a hearing is held By

Commission in accordance with the procedure set out in Operational
Rules with IPL acting as claimant and the Umpire or referee as
Respondent.

CODE OF CONDUCT
1

Umpires and Referees shall not make any public pronouncement or

media comment which is detrimental to:

(a) The game of cricket in general, or
(b) Any particular Match between Teams in which any such Umpire or
Referee is involved, or
(c) The League; or
(d) Relations between IPL, BCCI and any Team and/or Franchisee.
2 Umpires and Referees shall not disclose or comment upon any alleged
breach of this Code of Conduct or the Code of Conduct for Players and
Team Officials or any hearing, report or decision arising from such a

71

breach unless such disclosure is required under the provisions of this

Code of Conduct or the Code of Conduct for Players and Team Officials.
3

Umpires and Referees shall not engage, directly or indirectly, in

betting or any conduct described in the Appendix.

4 Umpires and Referees shall not use or in any way be concerned in the
use or distribution of illegal drugs.
5 Umpires and Referees shall at all times observe and comply with the
provisions of any regulation of IPL which applies to Umpires and
Referees including but not limited to the Operational Rules.
6.

Umpires and Referees shall not engage in any conduct which is

prejudicial to the interests of the game of cricket and/or the League.

TELEVISION RIGHTS

72

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of

India's Sony Entertainment Television network and Singapore-based
World Sport Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian
Premier League. The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of
US $1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI
US $918 million for the television broadcast rights and US $108 million
for the promotion of the tournament. A proper contract was created for
the same with all the terms and conditions defined.
This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL, and got the
ruling on its side.
The contract was challenged on basis of following breaches:
1. Obstructive commercialization
2. Excessive Advertising
3. Poor broadcast quality
After losing the battle in court, Sony Entertainment Television signed a
new contract with BCCI with Sony Entertainment Television paying
8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) for 10 years. One of the reasons for
payment of this huge amount is seen as the money required to subsidise
IPL's move to South Africa which will be substantially more than the
previous IPL. IPL had agreed to subsidise the difference in operating cost
between India and South Africa as it decided to move to the African
nation after the security concerns raised because of its coincidence with
India's general elections.
20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72%
would be distributed to the franchisees. The money would be distributed
in these proportions until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and
list its shares (But in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public).

73

Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to

other companies.It is officially broadcasted on Set Max and in internet in
Times internet.
Broadcasting rights were sold to its current owners SONY, WSG after a
proper auction (offer to invitation). On 15 January 2008 it was announced
that

consortium

consisting

of India's Sony

Entertainment

Television network and Singapore-based World Sport Group secured the

global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.
On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the United Kingdom
television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59
of the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel.
On 1 April 2011, Rogers Media announced that it signed a four year
exclusive deal in Canada to broadcast 36 group stage matches, 3 playoff
matches and 1 championship match on its channel Sportsnet One. In the
2012 season, its coverage will also include a weekly highlight show and
four matches on its Omni Television multicultural stations, and the IPL
Final will be broadcast on the main Sportsnet regional channels

SPONSORSHIPS:

74

Sponsorship rights in IPL can be given to interested parties for a

particular fee, but it is also subject to:

IPL sponsorship guidelines

Governing body rules (IPL Governing Council)
General Laws (e.g. limitations on alcohol and tobacco
advertising)

Some of the sponsorship rights given in IPL are as follows:

Rights to hospitality company

Rights to individual player appearances and endorsements.
Rights to player images
Rights to use logos and sponsorship designations
Promotional and advertising rights across media
Right to display logo on team and replica apparel
Right to name the team or event (DLF IPL)
Right to branding and visibility at venues
Right to match tickets
Rights to in-stadium hospitality
On air rights etc.

75

Some Major clinched by IPL areThe IPL signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for
the series in a 106 crores (US$23.53 million) (approximately 15
million) deal. This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires'
uniforms and also on the giant screens during third umpire decisions.
India's biggest property developer DLF Group paid US$50 million to be
the title sponsor of the tournament for 3 years from 2008 to 2010.
Other year sponsorship agreements include a deal with motorcycle maker
Hero Honda worth $22.5-million, one with PepsiCo worth $12.5-million.

IPL BUSINESS MODEL & RETURNS

Unlike its counterparts such as EPL or NBA, the major source of revenue
for IPL is not stadium ticket sales but media rights. Other sources of
revenue for IPL are title sponsorship, the sale of franchises and

76

licensed merchandise and products. A part of the revenues so raised are

retained by the BCCI, a part distributed as prize money and the
remaining is divided equally among the franchises based on a pre agreed
model.
BCCI inflow: The biggest source of revenue for the BCCI so far
has been the proceeds from franchise bids amounting to a total of
$1.42bn. Another major source of revenue is media rights that
were awarded to Sony for $1bn for a period of 10 years and
starting from IPL-3, an undisclosed amount for media streaming
rights awarded to Youtube .
Title sponsorships (DLF, Coca Cola etc.) form another big chunk
of the revenues.
Finally, proceeds from stadium tickets, merchandise sales etc.
complete the list of major sources of revenues for IPL.
BCCI outflow: Apart from the revenues generated from the
bidding of franchises, almost all other revenues are shared with the
franchises in different proportions
The ones with the least to lose are the gentlemen at the BCCI.
Legally, the IPL is a sub-committee of the BCCI, and it has already
guaranteed itself close to $1.75 billion in television rights and
franchise sales figures.
The title sponsorship for the inaugural IPL tournament, and the
commission from the player auctions - each of the eight franchise
teams can "buy" up to four foreign cricketers through IPL - will
earn it more.

77

Of course, two-thirds (64 per cent, to be precise) of the central rights

money - television and title sponsorship, for example - will have to be
shared with the franchisees/clubs. Even so, by the simple expedient of
sanctioning a new product, Twenty20 cricket, the BCCI/IPL has earned
the cheapest billion in Indian history.
THE DEATH OF ONE DAY INTERNATIONAL
The success of the IPL has made it clear that something has to give
to accommodate it, and on the current evidence that something will be the
50-over game .When you consider how much the Indian Premier League
borrowed from World Series Cricket, its quite ironic that its success
might lead to the eventual extinction of the pajama cricket that was the
cornerstone of the Packer revolution. As much as World Series cricket
was about fair pay, improved TV coverage and superior marketing of the
sport, it was also about establishing one-day cricket as a distinct entity,
played in coloured clothes, under lights, and in front of crowds that came
expecting to be entertained. it was razzmatazz with some substance.
Packers focus was on gladiatorial fast bowlers, and the stroke players
that could take them on.

Three decades later, the IPL advertised its players as

warriors. When Andy Roberts fractured David Hookes jaw with a
vicious bouncer, people knew that the World Series wasnt some hit-andgiggle enterprise. The IPL had a similar moment, when Zaheer Khan left
Dominic Thornely looking like a young Mike Tyson had seen to him.
Packer was a pioneerand an original, and the IPLs copycats succeeded
because they took his blueprint, adapted it to an Indian context, and threw

78

in a dash of Bollywood for good measure. This year, after an

uninterrupted run of 28 years, Cricket Australia pulled the curtain down
on the annual tri-series. Its fair to say that its decline had mirrored that of
the one-day game.

After the spectacular success of the ICC World Twenty20

in South Africa, and the inaugural IPL season, the one-day game is on
life-support, and it may only be a matter of time before the plug is pulled.
Crowds and television audiences caught in the thrall of the Twenty20
game are unlikely to shed a tear. Its amusing to hear greats of the past
talking of how the IPLs success could have dire consequences for Test
cricket.

Nothing could be further from the truth. The Test-cricket constituency is a

distinct one, and it generally consists of people who have played the
game at some level, whether thats back garden, park, first-class or
international. More importantly, its a group of people that appreciate
what Milan Kundera called Slowness, those not obsessed with instant
gratification. Such fans will never abandon Test cricket for the crashbangwallop thrills that Twenty20 offers. He or she may go and watch
Dumb and Dumber, but its never going to replace 400 Blows or In the
Mood for Love in his affections. Sadly, one-day cricket has no identity. In
that respect, its like your stereotypical Bollywood movie with the
hackneyed script that tries to have something for everyone, and ends up
having nothing. It says much about the lack of imagination of those that
administer the game that the 50-over game has evolved so little since the
Packer years. Compare that with Lalit Modi. You may not like the man or

79

his hubris, but he has taken an existing concept, fine-tuned it, and ensured
that the cricket world will never be the same again.

After the first season Sunday nights final, which could have been
scripted by Gregory Howard of Remember the Titans fame, Modi and
the IPL hold all the cards, while the ICC and other boards have next to
nothing to bargain with. The last World Cup in the Caribbean was a
fiasco, an object lesson in how not to organize an event. Poor crowds,
overpriced tickets, a lack of atmosphere and an interminable schedule all
combined to make it perhaps the worst of all major competitions. In
contrast, the IPLs head honchos didnt behave like stentorian
schoolmasters, and the entertainment package that accompanied the
games attracted everyone from five-year-olds with temporary tattoos to
middle-aged women who had decided to forego a staple diet of TV soaps.

After what happened on Sunday night, theres little doubt that the second
season will be huge. Despite the concerns of the ECB and others, every
single one of the worlds top players is likely to take part. If they do try to
prevent the likes of Kevin Pietersen from playing, they will only end up
being checkmated like the Australian Cricket Board were after Packers
bold gambit. What is likely to happen is this: Both England and Australia,
and perhaps South Africa and Pakistan too, will Endeavour to jazz up
their own T20 events so that they can at least compare to the IPL.

A Champions League has resulted from it, because the stupendous

Response in India has confirmed that people are ready to invest both time

80

and money to watch the best play the best, even if its only over three
hours.

The franchises, none of whom are likely to be too perturbed by the huge
amounts invested in the first year, also have a role to play. Manoj Badale,
of the Emerging Media group that owns the Rajasthan Royals, reckoned
that it would take a couple of years for the club culture to truly take root,
but you can rest assured that teams like Rajasthan wont be spending the
next 10 months idle.

The reality is that no league can prosper if it operates only over six
weeks. American Football has the shortest season of any major sport, but
even that lasts 16 weeks, and then a month of play-offs. The football
[soccer] seasons in Europe, the NBA in North America and Major League
Baseball all last much longer, which is why they become such an integral
part of fans lives. Next up is a tri-series in Bangladesh, followed by an
Asia Cup that features teams like Hong Kong. Its the classic champagnefollowed-by-flat-beer scenario and it will be interesting to see what the
TV ratings are like.
Back when Doordarshan, the national broadcaster was all we had,
everyone watched it. Then, with the onset of cable TV, no one bothered.
The IPL has created a revolution, especially in the fan demographic, but
has now left town. For the moment, the talk is of creating a four-week
window, most likely in April. Its only a band-aid solution. In the long
run, we are looking at a three-month season where teams play weekend
games and the occasional midweek one as they do in 16 the major

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football leagues. Those will alternate with Champions League games

featuring the top sides. A six or eight-month period might be set aside for
Test cricket and other bilateral contests, but the fact is that cricket needs a
50-overs-aside game between India and Hong Kong like it needs a hole in
the head.
After watching McGrath against Jayasuriya and Warne against Ganguly,
why would anyone settle for such mediocrity? Unless one-day cricket can
reinvent itself, and four innings of 20 overs each is the best suggestion
Ive heard, it has one foot in the grave, with the fact that the World Cup is
the jewel in the ICC crown being the only thing keeping it alive. Its an
opinion that even players share. Stephen Fleming was New Zealands
finest captain, the one who led them to their only major one day triumph,
the ICC Knockout in 2000. I am worried about the amount of one-day
cricket, how much appeal one-day cricket is going to have with
tournaments like this, he said. I think the majority feels that it could cause
a problem for the international calendar.
The response to the first season of World Series Cricket, with the forces
of orthodoxy ranged against it, was so lukewarm that a desperate Packer
was reduced to counting the cars in the parking lot. No one saw Modi
doing anything similar, and the perfectly scripted final has guaranteed
that all the franchises will be counting next year are even bigger gate
receipts. As for one-day cricket, the message has been bellowed out
through a foghorn. Transform or perish.

ECONOMICS OF THE INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE

PURPOSE OF IPL making money

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Auction of broadcasting rights

Title sponsorship and corporate sponsorship
Sale of tickets (20% of tickets allocated to IPL)
Auction of franchisees rights
Official umpires sponsorships
Distribution of IPL income
Share of broadcasting money with franchisees
Share of sponsorship money with franchisees
Share of ticket money with franchisees
Inauguration expenses
Prize money: $5 million ($3 million for winner; $2 million divided
among others)
sources of income for an IPL Franchisee (ROI)
Share in revenue from broadcast rights (equal share for all
franchisee after IPLs share)
Share in sponsorship money (60% of the amount distributed
equally)
Share in revenue from sale of tickets

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Revenue from in-stadium advertising

Sale of players to other franchisee
Revenue from own sponsorship and corporate sponsorship

DISTRIBUTION OF FRANCHISEE INCOME

Franchisee fees 10% of total franchisee costs every year to IPL
Players cost (Each franchise have paid around $4-6 million per
year)
Match fees and Inauguration expenses
Rent of stadium (expense of around Rs.2.5mn per match)
Marketing and promotional cost (around $3-4mn per team)
Fee for coaches, physiotherapists and other members.
Administrative cost

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FUTURE

OPPORTUNITIES FOR IPL TWENTY20

CRICKET

Title sponsorship: DLF paid around $50 million to secure the title
sponsorship for the first five years and this is is renegotiable after
the third year. If IPL Cricket gains momentum, it can be much
higher.

Player trading: In the IPL trade window, players can be sold for
many times the cost at which they were acquired.

Gate fees: Beyond the third year, gate fees can increase
significantly if the IPL takes off in a big way.

Franchise sale: After the third year, a franchisee has the option to
sell out. This could lead to a windfall.

Franchise forever: The franchise fee is for the first 10 years, after
which franchisees continue to own the teams for perpetuity.

POTENTIAL DOWNSIDES OF IPL

Not enough eyeballs: Sony-WSG and the franchises could suffer

losses if IPL fails to wins over spectators and viewers, and draws a
critical mass.

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Not enough star players: Constant availability of top overseas

players may not be possible, due to growing number of
international Cricket tournaments.

Other tournaments: Potential viewership threat if the ICC decides

to hold an annual international Twenty20 cricket championship.

Ad blues: Recession and change of venue could affect plans of

potential advertisers.

Game pull: Business prospects may be affected if the franchisees

fail to create a loyal fan following in their turf.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF IPL

STRENGTHS
Short span i.e., 2 hours therefore fast-paced and exciting
Can be played on a weekday evening or weekend afternoon
Very appealing as a mass sport as a spectator sport as well to TV
audiences.
Revenue is maximized
WEAKNESSES
It is the verge of damaging the game that generated it.
Stakes are very high!

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Some teams have overpriced their advertising/sponsorship in order

to gain some short-term returns .
OPPORTUNITIES
Large potential mass audience is very attractive as a marketing
opportunity, especially for advertisers and sponsors.
The long-term success of all of the franchises lies in the generation
of a solid fan-base who will generate large TV revenues.
Different markets and revenue sources will emerge for IPL.
Huge opportunity for merchandising.
THREATS
Maintaining the level of competition and interest in IPL or else the
revenue will fall.
It won't be a quick return on investment - so owners need to be in it
for the long-term.
Franchises are very expensive. Therefore breaking even will also
take time.
The most highly priced teams may not be those that have the early
success. Revenues will come from the most highly supported
teams.
EFFECT IN INDIAN ECONOMY

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Effect of IPL in Indian economy is long term. During this short

span of time we can not see much more effect in Indian economy.
But there are definitely some effects in our economy. It creates a
good impression in the mind of the people from all over the world
that india can also organise such a big event and its economy is
also very stable. It definitely increases the amount of foreign
investment in india. Now many foreign companies want to invest
in the Indian market. Foreign investors want to invest their money
in Indian stock exchange. It reflects in the stock exchange. we can
see that amount of foreign investment increases day by day.
Another effect of IPL in Indian economy is that people from all
over the world come to know about india after IPL. Earlier people
from all over the world only knows some of the places like
Mumbai, Bangalore, or Delhi. But after IPL, many places like
Hyderabad, Cuttack etc are known to the world now. This gives
them an opportunity to know about this cities and it increases the
development in these areas also.
IPL may have an effect in our tourism industry also. To see the IPL
matches many foreigner comes to india. This definitely increases
the no. Of tourist visit india. From them india can earn much more
foreign currencies which effects Indian economy. Earliar people
from other countries only know some of the cities of india. But
after IPL they came to know about different beutifull places of
india. After seeing this in television they eager to come to india to
visit those places.

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CONCLUSION
IPLs ability to sustain and grow its popularity in the long-term depends
on the ability of individual franchises to break out and become large
media properties on their own. Franchisees may also have to increase
their marketing and promotional spends to effectively monetize their fan
base and build brands out of their respective teams. Apart from finding
more team sponsors, franchisees may try to increase the mix of premium

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seating in their home stadiums. At the moment a bit might be too different
if we look IPL and ICL. In the recent format advantage can be taken by
organizing matches between this two winners that is more matches can be
played between the two leagues. In the coming year more innovation is
expected we might be able to see 10- 10 or a 5-5 over format of cricket.
The whopping success of IPL has not only ensured that teams like Jaipur,
Kolkata and Mohali are likely to break even in the first year itself, but
also transformed the fortunes of its telecaster Sony Set Max. The biggest
gainer, though, is arguably BCCI which is projected to rake in a profit
of Rs 350 crore from IPL in the first year itself. This would be more than
BCCIs profit of Rs 235 crore for all of 2007. In all, IPL will bring
revenue of Rs 1,200 crore a year into cricket, more than double the
governments entire sports budget of Rs 490 crore.
The Set Max channels revenue marketshare has risen from a pre-IPL
level of 5.7% to 28.8%. Its share of prime time has gone up to 29%,
higher than the cumulative marketshare of the top nine Hindi general
entertainment channels. From next year, Sony is projected to gross about
Rs 650 crore in advertising revenue for about 45 days of IPL, which
would be 7% of the entire estimated TV ad revenue of around Rs 9,000
crore for the whole year.
Ad rates for 10-second spots, which were at Rs 2 lakh per 10 seconds at
the start of the tournament, have climbed rapidly to Rs 5 lakh and look set
to rise further to Rs 10 lakh for the final, says the report. This would be
even more than the Rs 8 lakh per 10 second rate for the nailbiting T20
World Cup final between India and Pakistan last year. IPLs success has
also rubbed off on the franchisees. According to the report, teams like
Jaipur, Kolkata and Mohali, which have not spent much on franchisee
fees, are likely to break even in the first year itself.

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From this we can conclude that IPL is now a global event and it has taken
cricket to the next level. Some of the critics criticise IPL. They say that
players are not playing only for money and when players playing in IPL
matches they dont feel that they are playing for the country. In spite of
having some negative point of IPL, there are many advantages. So
looking at positive side we can say that IPL is becoming a global event.
Now Indian economy is growing at a rapid pace, so much that people
from all over the world are now looking towards India.

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