Chemistry 100

Week 8 Day 1:
Chapter 5 Chemical Quantities and Reactions
A chemical equation gives:
-

The formula of the reactants on the left of the arrow

The formula of the products to the right of the arrow
Chemical equations are the recipe in moles.
The reason it has to be balanced: Is because matter is never created or destroyed
Reactants
Product

Symbols in chemical equations show:

o The states of the reactants
o The states of the products
o The reaction conditions

In a balanced chemical equation:

-

No atoms are lost or gained

The number of reacting atoms is equal to the number of product atoms

Also
- The number of each type of atom on the reactant side is equal to the number of
each type of atom on the product side
- Numbers called coefficients are used in front of one or more formulas to balance
the number of atoms
- Al + S
Al2S3 Not Balanced
- 2Al + 3S
Al2S3 Balanced using coefficients
- 2 Al
= 2 Al
Equal number of Al atoms
- 3S
= 3S
Equal number of S atoms
- So you cant write Al2 + S3 = Al2S3, you have to use coefficients!
And
- When balancing a chemical equation:
- Use one or more coefficients to balance atoms.
- Never change the subscripts of any formula.
- N2 +
O2
=
NO
Not Balanced
-

N2 +

O2

N2O2

Incorrect formula

N2 +

O2

2NO

Correctly balanced using coefficients

Types of Reactions:
Combustion reactions
Decomposition reactions breaking apart elements (?)
Single Replacement Reactions 1 element replaces another, can also be a redox
reaction
Double Replacement Reactions 2 elements replace one another
Oxidation-reduction (Redox) Reactions Gaining and losing of electrons (?)
Combustion Reactions Burning usually with Carbon (?)
- C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)