PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM XILPhysice Chapterd 19, Pagel 13 19.16 PROBLEMS: Problem # 19.1 When the chlorine atom of mass numbers 35 and charge number 17, is bombarded by Proton, the resulting disintegrates, emitting an a-particle, Write the equation representing the reaction, CPS +H! ———» 6S” + He" . (alpha particle) Problem # 19.2 “ ‘The half life of Radon is 3.80 days. What would be its decay constant? Solution: 3.80 days 7, 20.593 : x T, =328320see 70893 0.693 * 328320 Problem # 19.3 The atomie weight’of Bromine is 79.938u and it is composed of two isotopes of mass 78.943u and 80,9421i compute the percentage of each isotopes Solution: Let the piart of the 1" isotope be X and that of 2™ isotope be (1- X). 78.943 X + (1- X) 80.942 = 79.938 78.943 x + 80.942 ~ 80.942 X= 79.938 +1.999x= + 1.004 = 1008 1.999 X = 0.502 . Percentage of I“ isotope = 0.502 x 100 50.2% Percentage of 2™ isotope = 100 - 50.2 = 49.8%PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM hyaies Ghapterd 19, Pagot 14 Problem # 19.4 The half of ye4Po""” is 140 days. By what percent does its activity will decrease per week? Data: =140days t= IL week Percentage decrease in activity per week =? let the initial activity be A. A=ANy And activity after one week be A’ A= aN Describe is activity per week = A-A’ = 2N-AN =2M-NS— @O A= 0.03465, week From the law of radio activity decay N=Ne* NeNgeemeset N20.566 Ny eq.@)> Decrease in activity per week = 2 (No- 0.966 Ny) = ANy(1- 0.966) = 0.034 .No 0.0344Ny Percentage decrease in activity per week = ——-—* x 100. . 2.03409 99 aN, = 34%PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM Xi-Physies Chapter 19, Page# 15 Problem # 19.5 Ifa neutron would be entirely converted into energy, how much energy would be produced? Express your answer in joules as well as electron volts. Data: my = 1.008665u EineV=? Ein} =? E= my x 931.5 E= 1.008665 x 931.5 E= 939.6 Mev E= 939.6 x 10%eV Eind = Eine x 1.6 x 10" Ein] = 939.6 x 1.6 x10” Problem # 19.6 Find the binding energy of Te". Giver! mp = 1.00780 my = 1.0086u mre = 125.9033u . lu. = 931.5 Mey. Solution No. of protohs” = 52 No. of N@jitfons = 126-52 ” Mass of Thin free stable OM = 52mp + 74 my M=S2x 1.0078 + 74 x 1.0086 M= 52.4056 + 74.6364 M= 127.0420 Mass Defect Am =M=mn Am = 127.042 ~ 125.9033 Am = 1.13870 E = Am x 931.5 E = 1.1387 x 9315PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM Problem # 19.7 Af the number of atom per gramine of Ra” is 2.666 x 10?! and it devays with a half life of 1622 years. Find the decays constant and the activity of the sample. (2013) Data: Np = 2.666 x 10 Ty ~ 1622 years ~ 5.11 x 10" see Solution: T, A= 1353010" x 2.666 x 10" 0.693 Sar x 10 Problem # 19.8 ‘What will be the maxipnun energy electron in the beta decay of |H? through the reaction, AY> 3.61 x 10"° disintezration/see He» GHe’ +B Data: masg of jH® = 3.016049u fas of ,H’e= 3.016029u BA? Solution: Mass defect Am = mass of ;H? ~ mass of 2H? ‘Am = 3.016049 ~ 3.016029 41 x 10% w E= Am x 931.5 E=2x 10% x 9315 Ea 0.0186 Mev Am=PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM XILPhysies Chaptor# 19, Page 17 Problem # 19.9 Find the Q-value for nuclear reaction, oa (Pd) Ca" Data: Mass of Ca? = 41,9280 Mass of Ca" = 41.91180 Mass of Proton = 1.00780 Mass of electron= 2.014102u Q-Value =? aaCa + gH! ———> Cat + HP mass of reactant, m; = 41.928 + 1.0078 m, = 42.9358u mass of product, my = 41.9118 + 2.014102 my = 43.926u Mass defect ~ Am=m; +m ‘Am = 43.926 ~ 42.9358 Am =0.9902u Qvalue = Am x 931.5 Quvalue = 0.9902 x 931.5 [Q-value = 924 MeV. Problem # 19.10 Find the energy reléased when two deuterium (/H?) nuclei fuse together to form an alpha particle (He). may Fticuterium ~ 2.014102u {ass of alpha particle = 4.026034 ¥ "Solution? 1H? +H? ————> Het Mass of reactant, my = 2.014102 + 2.014102 m= 4.0282u ‘Mass Defect Am = mass of two deutes Am = 4.0282 ~ 4.002603 Am = 0.0256u E=Amx 931.5 0.0256 x 931.5 3.82 MeV] 1m = mass of alpha particlePRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM [Physics Chaptort 19, Page 18 19.17 SOLVED NUMERICALS OF PAPERS: YEAR 2013: (Question# 19.7 of Book) YEAR 201 Q.2(xii) Find the binding energy and binding fraction (Packing fraction) in meV Ans. of ,,T" given that 25.9033U, m,=1.0078U,, im, = 1.00866U , m= [BE = 1.06 x 103 Me’ P= 8.418 MeV? Nucleos] YEAR 2010: Q.2(xii)A deuteron (3.3431 x 107” kg) is formed wheita proton (1.6724 x 10™kg) combine; calculate the mass defect and Bidding Energy (in Mev) and a neutron (1.6748 x 10°” kg) Data: Mass of deuteron = A=3.3431.x 10%" kg Mass of Proton My = 1.6724 x 107” kg Mass of Neutron = My = 126748 x 107” kg No. of Proton 2ay No. of Neutrons => Mass defect = n=? BE=? Solution: ‘Am = m—A‘< (Zmp + NMy) ~ A ‘Am = (1x 16724 x 1077 + 1.6748 x 107) — A Am (6724 x 1077 + 1.6748 x 1077)— A ‘drm 73.3472 x 1077 - 3.3431 x 1077 “ah = 0.0041 x 107” kg Now BE = AmC? = (4.1 x 10°) (3 x 10°)? BE=4.1x 10x 9x 10 [BE = 3.69 x 10" Joul But lev=1.6x 10” JoulePRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM Cchapterd 19, Paget 12 XILPhys YEAR 200! Q.8(@)If the number of atoms per gram of gRa™ is 2.666 x 10" and it decay with Half Life of 1622 years. Find the decay constant and the activity of the sample. Solution: [SIMILAR TO QUESTION NO. 19.7] Answer: a) R= 1.35 x 10 sec"! b) Activity = A=3.59 x 10° decay / see YEAR 2006: Q.8(4)The Half Life of Po" is 140 days. By what percent does its activity decrease per week? [SIMILAR TO QUESTION NO.19.4] oy OA = 3.465% ‘A YEAR 2003: If a neutron is converted gntiFely into energy, how much energy is produced? Express your dgswer is joule and in electron volt. Given my = 1.67x102.KB = 3x10" mis’, Dat E=(1.67x107)( 3x10"F my =¢1,67%1077*8 ge 3x10° mis ‘Energy = B=? a) in Jole Energy in'eV b) inev As leV= 16x10 i y Eom micas a ea hs0snt0” ~ 16x10”PRACTICAL CENTRE (KARACHI) VISIT US AT: HTTP://WWW.PHYCITY.COM Xt/-Physios Chapter# 19, Paget 20 YEAR 2001: Find the binding energy of s: T."* in MeV if the mass of a portion is 1.0078u, mass of neutron = 1.0086u, mass of T, atom = 125.9033u. Data: M = 52x 1.0078 + 74 x 1.00876 mp = 1,0078u M = 127.042u, my = 1.00860 A = 125.0033u BE of xTe* 27.042 ~ 125.9033 Solution: 13870 No. of protons = Z = 52 As lu =931.5 MeV No. of neutrons = 126-52 J. BE=Amx 9303 N=74 BE= 1139749315 ‘Mass of nucleus in free state MaZM, NN YEAR 1985: - The half life of radon is 3280:days, What is the decay constant for radon? Data: 0.693 T, =3.80 Dav Nes> on 4, — 2:99 Solution: 80 x 24 x 3600 = 328320 sec.