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Pamantasan ng Cabuyao

Laguna, Philippines 4025

College of Engineering
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
- is a tabulation or grouping of data into appropriate categories showing the number of observations
in each group or category.
- the number shown below is called the raw data.

1
3
1
8
2
1 1
1 5
1
9
3
1 1
6 8
1 1
0 2

1
3
1 1 1
5 0 2
1
1
7
1
5
1
9 9
2
1 1
3
3 8

1
1 1
5
0
3 5
1 1
9 3
6 2
1
2
5 9
3
1 1 1 1
4 2 1 9
1 1 1 1
0 5 4 8
1
6 9 5
9 6 9
7

8 6

1
6
7
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
8

A. PARTS OF FREQUENCY TABLE


1. Class limits groupings or categories defined by lower and upper limits.
*Lower class limits smallest numbers that belong to the different classes.
*Upper class limits highest numbers that belong to the different classes.
Example:

L
L
1
6
2
1
2
6

U
L
2
0
2
5
3
0

2. Class size (C) width of each class intervals.


Example:

L
L
1
6
2
1
2
6

U
L
2
0
2
5
3
0

Class
size
5
5
5

3. Class boundaries numbers used to separate class but without gaps created by class limits.
-- the number to be added or subtracted is half the difference between the upper limit
of one class and the lower limit of the next class.
Example:

L
L
1
6
2
1
2

U
L
2
0
2
5
3

Class
size
5
5
5

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

LC
B
15.
5
20.
5
25.

UC
B
20.
5
25.
5
30.

Pamantasan ng Cabuyao
Laguna, Philippines 4025

College of Engineering
6

4. Class marks (X) the midpoints of the lower and upper class limits.
-- add LL and UL then divide by 2.
Example:

L
L
1
6
2
1
2
6

U
L
2
0
2
5
3
0

Class
size
5
5
5

LC
B
15.
5
20.
5
25.
5

UC
B
20.
5
25.
5
30.
5

Class
mark
18
23
28

B. STEPS IN CONSTUCTING A FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE


1. Find the range of the values.

Range=highest valuelowest value

2. Determine the class width by dividing the range by


the desired number of groupings.

C=
Sturges formula:

1
3
1
2
1
5

8
1
1
1
3
1
6
1
0

range
R
=
desired number of CI k

1+ 3.3 log ( N ) ; N = total # of

9
1
8
1
2

1
5
1
1
1
2

1
0

observation
6
3. Set up the class limits of each class.
Highest Class Interval shall consist the highest
observed value.
Lowest Class Interval shall consist the lowest observed value.

7
9
1
3
9

RAW
1 1
DATA
3 0
1 1
2 6
1
2
5
1
9
4
1 1
8 0
1
5
7

5
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
5
9

1
3

1
5

1
6

1
1
1
4

1
9
1
8

1
2
1
3
1
1
1
8

4. Set up the class boundaries.

V=

2UL 1
2

LCB n=n V ; UCB n=n +V


5. Tally the scores in the appropriate classes and then add the tallies for each class in order to obtain
the frequency.
6. Solve the class mark or the midpoint (X) of each class.

X=

+UL
2

7. Solve the less than cumulative frequency distribution (

cf n = cf n1 +f n

taken:

cf 0 =0

8. Solve the more than cumulative frequency distribution (

cf n = cf last cf n1

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

cf ).

taken:

cf ).

cf 0 =0

Pamantasan ng Cabuyao
Laguna, Philippines 4025

College of Engineering
9. Draw the FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE.
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE
Class
Class
Class
Boundarie
f
<cf
Interval
Mark
s
LC
UC
LL
UL
X
B
B
-

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

>cf

Pamantasan ng Cabuyao
Laguna, Philippines 4025

College of Engineering
C. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
The following graphs can be constructed to represent a frequency distribution:
1. Histogram consists of a set of rectangles having bases on the horizontal axis which centers on the
class marks. The base widths correspond to the class size and the heights of the rectangles
corresponds to the class frequencies.
2. Frequency Polygon constructed by plotting class frequencies against class marks and connecting
the consecutive points by a straight line.
3. Ogive is obtained by plotting the cumulative frequency by connecting points of intersection
between the class boundaries, versus cumulative frequencies less than or more than.

FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

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