15

Bullying

INDEX

Introduction

Pg. 2
Terminology
...Pg. 3
History
Pg. 4
Concept
.Pg. 5
School
Harassment..Pg
.6
Bully Occurs
Where?................................................................Pg. 7
Who Is Involved In
Bullying?................................................Pg. 7/8
Characteristics Of
Bullies..Pg. 9
Types Of School
Harassment...Pg. 10
Bullying teacherstudent.Pg. 11
Nicknames or Aliases (Naming)
.Pg. 12
Indicative be Suffering
Bullying..Pg. 13
Conclusion
..Pg. 14

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Bibliography
..Pg. 15

INTRODUCTION

Bullying
psychological,
individual (the
causing pain
relationship.

is a term used to describe acts of physical or

intentional and repeated violence committed by an
English bully, bully or dictator) or group of individuals
and anguish, performed in an unequal power

Bullying is a worldwide problem, where physical or moral

repetitive aggression leave marks for life.

The aggressor inferior and imposes itself on the other, in an

attempt to overcome it in physical and psychological terms, and to
satisfy his ego. Almost always, has not the support of a good

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education, with advice and appropriate protections. And that's what
most encourages you to do, what does. Have the victim is someone
helpless, most often without shelter, afraid of everything or suffer the
possible consequences of their acts extinctive, and is therefore, not
age, is repressing herself and only.

TERMINOLOGY

Due to being a phenomenon that has only recently gained more

attention, school harassment does not have a specific term
consensual, with the English term bullying constantly used by the
Portuguese media. However, there are alternatives such as
harassment, threats, harassment, intimidation addition to more
informal and involve haze and several other terms used by the
students in various regions.

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In Brazil, the Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Portuguese

Language indicates the word fidget as equivalent to tinker with,
touching, cause nuisance or persecute, producing apprehension, to
tease, mock and talk about, among others. So are correct uses of
words derived also inventoried by the dictionary as bulimento (the act
or effect of fidget) and bulidor (who does bulimento)....

HISTORY

Bullying is a phenomenon that occurs a long time, since there is

humanity. Let's look at the studies that are being done with the
bullying phenomenon, which is now over expansion.

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Bullying

Bullying had a deeper study more or less in the 70's in Norway.

Professor University of Bergen, deepened in best conceptualizations
about what was happening to those children who were sad and
depressed. The number of suicides in Norwegian children, was only
increasing.

In the first studies of bullying any kind of interpretation was

valid, with incidents of teasing or joking relationships between equals.
Up to this point the word BULLYING, was not so spoken, or rather did
not exist. More research evolved, as the law itself has evolved,
especially with the dignity of human rights in 1988.

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CONCEPT

What is Bullying?

The term covers all forms of aggressive, intentional and

repeated actions, which occur without apparent reason, performed by
one or more students against another (s), causing pain and distress,
and implemented within an unequal power relationship.

Therefore, the repeated acts of equals (students) and the

imbalance of power are the essential characteristics, which make
possible the intimidation of the victim.

Why not a word exists in the English language capable of

expressing all possible situations BULLYING, the table, below, lists
some actions that may be present:

name calling

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Offend
Enjoy
Embody
Humiliate
Harry
Discriminate
opt out
isolate
turn a deaf ear
intimidate
chase
besiege
terrorize
tyrannize
dominate
kick in
push
attack
beat
hurt
steal

SCHOOL HARASSMENT

Harassment, or intimidation or among English speakers bullying

is a term often used to describe a form of harassment that is
interpreted by someone, somehow, able to exercise their power over
someone or on a weaker group.

The Swedish scientist who worked long in Bergen (Norway) Dan Olweus
defines bullying in school three key terms:

the behavior is aggressive and negative;

the behavior is performed repeatedly;

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the behavior occurs in a relationship where there is an

imbalance of power between the parties involved.
The school harassment divided into two categories:

Direct school Harassment

Indirect school harassment, also known as social aggression

Direct bullying is the most common form of aggressors (bullies)

male. The social aggression or indirect bullying is the most common
form bullies women and small children, and is characterized by
forcing the victim to social isolation. This isolation is achieved by a
wide variety of techniques that include:

Coment Spread

refusing to socialize with the victim

bullying other people who wish to socialize with the victim

ridicule the manner of dress and other socially significant

aspects (including the victim's ethnicity, religion, disability).

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BULLYING OCCURS WHERE?

BULLYING is a worldwide problem, being found in any school,

not being restricted to any particular type of institution: primary or
secondary, public or private, rural or urban. It can be stated that
schools do not admit the occurrence of bullying among their students,
or ignore the problem, or refuse to face it.

WHO IS INVOLVED IN BULLYING?

Whatever the performance of each student, some features may

be highlighted as related to the roles that will represent:

1. Authors of Bullying: The authors are, commonly, individuals who

have little empathy. Often belong to dysfunctional families in
which there is little affective relationship between its members.
His parents have a poor oversight on them, tolerate and offers a
model for resolving conflicts aggressive or explosive behavior. It
is assumed that those who practice BULLYING are likely to
become violent adults with antisocial behavior, including
delinquent or criminal behavior.

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Children suffering BULLYING, depending on their individual
characteristics and their relationships with the media in which
they live, especially families, cannot overcome, partially or
totally, the trauma suffered at school. May grow with negative
feelings, especially with low self-esteem, becoming adults with
serious relationship issues. They may also take an aggressive
behavior. Later may suffer or practice Bullying at work. In
extreme cases, some of them may attempt or commit suicide.

2. Targets of Bullying: The targets are people or groups who are

harmed or suffering the consequences of the behaviors of others
and who have no resources, status or ability to react or stop the
harmful acts against him. Are generally unsociable. A strong
feeling of insecurity prevents them from seeking help. They are
people without hope about the possibilities to suit the group.
Have few friends, are passive, quiet and not react effectively to
acts of aggression suffered. Many go on to have poor school
performance, resist or refuse to go to school, getting to simulate
disease. Exchange college frequently or drop out. There are
youth who end up trying extreme depression or committing
suicide.

Those who practice Bullying against their colleagues may lead to

adult life even anti-social behavior, adopting aggressive
attitudes within the family (domestic violence).
Studies in several countries have indicated the possibility that
perpetrators of bullying in high school will engage later in acts of
crime or criminals.

3. The Witnesses: Represented by most students, living with

violence and are silent because of the fear of becoming the
"next victims." Although not directly suffer the assaults, many of
them may feel uncomfortable with what they see and unsure of
what to do. Some react negatively in the violation of their right
to learn in a safe, supportive environment and without fear.

The witnesses also are affected by such environmental stress,

becoming insecure and fearful that are likely to become the next
victims.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF BULLIES

Bullies have always existed but were (and still are) called in
Portuguese of thugs, skinning guys, bullies, overwhelming, bullies.

Bullies tend to be hostile, intolerant and use force to solve their

problems. However, they were also often victims of violence, abuse,
genetic vulnerability, school failure, and traumatic experiences. Selfdestructive behaviors such as alcohol and drugs and take
unnecessary risks are seen more frequently among bullies.

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The more suffer from violence and abuse, most likely of them
repeat these behaviors in your daily life and neglect their own
wellbeing.

Research indicates that adolescent offenders have authoritarian

personalities, combined with a strong need to control or dominate. It
has also been suggested that a deficiency in social skills and a biased
point of view of subordinates can be particular risk factors. Additional
studies have shown that while envy and resentment may be motives
for the practice of school harassment, contrary to popular belief, there
is little evidence to suggest that bullies suffering from any shortage of
self-esteem. Other researchers have also identified how quickly get
angry and use force, in addition to aggressive behaviors, the act of
looking at the actions of others as hostile, concern with self-image
and commitment in obsessive or rigid actions.

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TYPES OF SCHOOL HARASSMENT

Bullies mainly use a combination of intimidation and humiliation

to torment others. Some examples of the techniques of school
bullying:

Insulting the victim;

Systematically accuse the victim of not serve for anything;

Repeated physical attacks against a person, whether against

her body or property;

Interfere with a person's personal property, books or school

supplies, clothes, damaging them;

spread negative rumors about the victim;

Disparage the victim without any reason;

Cause the victim to do what she wants, threatening her to

follow orders;

Threatening;

Derogatory graffiti;

Make the victim from embarrassment in front of several people.

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Bullying teacher-student

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The school harassment can be practiced from a teacher to a student.
The most common techniques are:

Intimidate the student aloud demoting him before class and

offending their self-esteem. A more severe form is cruel and
manipulate the class against a single student exposing the
humiliation;

Assume a more stringent criterion in correcting proofs with the

student and not with others. Some teachers may pursue
students with low grades;

Threaten the student disapproval;

Deny the student the right to go to the bathroom or drink water,

exposing the psychological torture;

defame the student on the board of teachers, coordinators and

accuse him of acts he did not commit;

More common in young children physical torture; ear pulling,

slapping and catfishes.

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NICKNAMES OR ALIASES (NAMING)

Usually a nickname (alias) is given to someone by a friend

because of a unique feature of it. In some cases, the grant is made by
a characteristic that the victim does not want to be called as a large
ear or in some obscure part of the body. In extreme cases, teachers
can help popularize it, but this is generally perceived as harmless or
blow is too subtle to be recognized.

There is discussion about whether it is worse than the victim or

know not the name by which it is called. However, a nickname can
sometimes become so embarrassing that the victim will have to
change (school, residence or both).

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INDICATIVE BE SUFFERING BULLYING

Signs and likely to be observed in targets students bullying3

symptoms:

nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting);

sleep disorders (such as insomnia);

stomach problems;

pain and injury marks;

pain and injury marks;

social isolation/few or no friends;

suicide attempts;

major depression;

regular reports of fear;

resistance/aversion to go to school;

statements contained in sadness;

Poor school performance.

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CONCLUSION

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It is vital that we deploy, whatever are the causes for the

occurrence of behaviors related to bullying, and certainly we are
faced with a complex situation enough to prevent the formulation of a
single, generalized explanation for all cases, what seems clear is that
each situation needs to be understood from its own dynamics,
following a particular logic, which requires the application of specific
and specific actions. The general characteristics related to the
phenomenon should help mainly in identifying behaviors related to
violence, and the perception that specific measures should be
adopted to combat these practices.
Finally, this study expects to serve as a contribution to the studies on
bullying, highlighting the aspects of suffering and damage involved in
this practice, the importance of providing a safe space for the
manifestation of the young, both about their victimization as the
anguish and anxiety also present the aggressors. We hope to have
contributed a different perspective, to provide a direct observation of
attitudes.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

CALHAU, Llio Braga. Bullying: O que voc precisa saber

Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Processos de Desenvolvimento
Humano e Sade, 2008.
www.bullying.pro.br
www.diganaoaobullying.com.br
www.assediomoral.org
www.bullying.com.br
www.bullyingonline.org