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Electron Transfer
Transition metal
Ionic network has NO net charge
Cation and Anion combine to ensure that there is neutrality
Ve- are never fully transferred from one type of atom to another.
o They locate in the vicinity of the nonmetallic atom but still partially
associated with the metallic atoms
Ionic Networks
Ions are packed close together into a repeating array called a crystal lattice.
Ions w same charge arranged into face centered cubic (FCC)
o ions occupy the corners and center of each of the faces of a large set
of stacked imaginary cube
body centered cubic (BCC) ions of the same charge occupy only the
corners of a stacked imaginary cubes with opposite charged ions located at
the center
Water Solubility
If ions interact weakly with each other and more strongly with water molec,
they may separate.
Strong interactions btw ions and water molec may reduce number of config
that such molec can adopt
o Reduce that random motion will lead to dissolution of ionic solids
For ionic compound to be soluble in water, at least one of the following
conditions needs to be met:
o Net interactions btw ions and water molecules should be stronger than
the net interactions btw the ions themselves.
Dissolution process results in a state with a lower PE
o Number of config that the ions and water can adopt when mixed is
larger than the total number of configs that they can have if they do
not mix.
Random particles motions are likely to result in dissolution
If satisfied both conditions, ionic compound is likely to be soluble at all
temperatures.
If one met: then one condition is dominant.
Small electric charge = favor solubility
o Small electric charged ions do not strongly constraint the config that
surrounding water
Larger the charged ions, the larger the ion-dipole interactions, the larger
probability that molec movements will be constrained in vicinity of those ions
The lower the # of config that water molec can adopt, the lower the likelihood
that random motions will lead to the formation of such state.
Polyatomic Ions.