Steele Appeal Brief Appendix

APPELLATE COURT
OF THE
STATE OF CONNECTICUT
JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF ANSONIA-MILFORD
A.C.37956
V.
THOMAS STEELE
SEPARATELY BOUND APPENDIX PART 1 AND PART 2

TO THE BRIEF OF THE DEFENDANT- APPELLANT
JAMES B. STREETO
SENIOR ASSISTANT PUBLIC DEFENDER

JURIS NUMBER 307285
OFFICE OF CHIEF PUBLIC DEFENDER
55 WEST MAIN STREET, SUITE 430
WATERBURY, CT 06702
TEL: (203) 574-0029
FAX: (203) 574-0038
James.Streeto@iud.ct.flov
MARIA V. MORSE
CERTIFIED LEGAL INTERN

QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW
370 BASSETT ROAD
NORTH HAVEN, CT 06473
TEL: (203) 582-3236
FAX: (203) 582-3237
Maria.Morse@quinnipiac.edu
ARGUING ATTORNEY:
MARIA V. MORSE
INDEX TO THE APPENDIX

PART ONE
1. Original Information and Criminal Docket Entries .........................................................A1
2. Long Form Information dated March 4, 2014 ..............................................................A14
3. Long Form Information dated June 3, 2014 ................................................................A16
4. Defendant's Request to Charge dated June 10, 2014 ................................................A18
5. Motion for A Bi!l of Particulars filed March 4, 2014 ......................................................A20
6. State's Notice of Expert Witness filed June 6, 2014 ....................................................A23
7. State's Response to Defendant's Request for Disclosure filed June 5, 2014 ..............A31
8. State's Witness List filed June 3, 2014 .......................................................................ASS
9. State's Response to Defendant's Request for Disclosure filed June 3, 2014 ..............A36
10.
Judgment
File
............................................................................................................A41
11. Amended Mittimus dated Septembers, 2014 ............................................................A43
12. Appeal filed May 15, 2015 ..........................................................................................A45
13. Preliminary Statement of Issues filed May 20. 2015 ..................................................A47
14. State of Connecticut-Appellee's Preliminary Statement of Issue intended for

Presentation on Appeal dated June 3, 2015 ..............................................................A49
15. Amended Docketing Statement filed June 6, 2016 ....................................................A52
PART TWO
CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS
UnitedStates Constitutional Amendments:
Fifth
Sixth
Amendment..............................................................................................................A55
Amendment
Fourteenth
.............................................................................................................ASS
Amendment
...................................................................................................A55
Ai
Connecticut Constitutional Articles:

Article
I,
....................................................................................................................A56
CONNECTICUT GENERAL STATUTES

Conn.
Gen.
Stat.
53a-48
...............................................................................................A57
Conn. Gen. Stat 53a-119 .............................................................................................A57
Conn. Gen. Stat 53a-124 .............................................................................................A62
Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-133 .............................................................................................A62
Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-134 .............................................................................................A62
CODE OF EVIDENCE
Code
of
Evidence
7-1
...................................................................................................A64
Code
of
Evidence
7-2
...................................................................................................A65
Code
of
Evidence
7-4
...................................................................................................A66
Code
of
Evidence
9-1
...................................................................................................A69
Maryland Rules of Evidence

MD Rules, Rule 5-701: Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses .........................................A73
MD Rules, Rule 5-702: Testimony by Experts .................................................................A73
CONNECTICUT PRACTICE BOOK

Conn.
Prac.
Bk.
60-5
.....................................................................................................A74
Motion for Judgment of Acquittal (6/18/14 PMT 81-88) ...................................................A75
Direct Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria (6/18/14 PM T 43-58) ..................................ASS
Cross Examination Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria

(6/18/14 PMT 59-61, 65-68) .................................................................................A99
Aii
Motion to Strike Detective Ditria's Testimony Regarding Cell-Phone Evidence

(6/18/14PMT 62-64) ..........................................................................................A106
State's Exhibit 77: Sprint Telephone Records ................................................................A109
State v.Terrance Brown, 2015 WL 9809750 (2015) ......................................................A171
United States v. Reynolds, No. 14-1420, 626 Fed. Appx. 610

(6th Cir. Sept 11, 2015) .......................................................................................A181
United States v. Schaffer, No. 10-30431, 439 Fed. Appx. 344

(5th Cir. Aug. 24, 2011) ........................................................................................A189
Aiii
ORIGINAL INFORMATION:
YES
UU3; Uy/28/1959
STATE .OF GONNECTiCUT

SUPERIOR COURT
JD-CR-7.1LPFtEV.7-05-
DtSPOSmON DATE:
COURT DATE: AT:
DOCKET NO,: AAN-CR13-0148418-T
06/04/2013 GA05 - DERBY
The undersigned Prosecuting Authority of {he Superior Court .of the State of
Connecficuf charges tba^
STEELE THOMAS
355 REMMIHGTON ST, BniDGEPOHT^ CT 06601

DEd commit the offenses recited below:
Count: 1 ROBBERY 1ST DEC Type/CIass; F/B At: SEYMOUR

On or About: 02/16/2013 In ViolatioB Of CGS/PA No: S3a-134
Count: 2 LARCENY 3fiP DEC 1'yê/CIass; F/D Afi SEYMOUR

On or About: 02/16/2613 In Vxolation Of CGS/PA Not- 53^124
SIGNED (PROSECUTING AUTHOR1P/)
DATE
SEE OTHER SHEETS
FOR ADDITiONAl COUNTS

COURT ACTION .
BOND
DEFENDANT ADVISED OF RiGHTS BEFORE PLEA
$200000
(JUDGE) (DATE)
iUARDJAN
REOUCTtON
a ATTf. D PUB, DEFENDER

t
COUNT
NO.
PLEA DATE
PLEA
PLEAVWHDRAWH
VERDICT
NEWPl? FiNDlNO
DWS
FiN6
ELECTION
SURCTY
E] COURT D JURY
CASH
APPEAL
B.07
ELECTION WITHDRAWN DATE

ISB2ED
IPROPERTi
AODIT10NA1. DlSPOSmON OOS774WW
JAIL
1
2
DATE
CONTINUANCES
JUDGB
OTH? COURT ACTION
DATE
PURPOSE
REASON
^L
.
t
3.
4.
5.
^
7.
8.
9, -
FINE PAID
RECEIPT NO.
TRIALTOWN
MlfTHMUSDATE ; ;
PROSECUTOR OM ORIGtNAL DSSPOSITION
REPORTER ON ORIOÂL DISpOSITfON
SIGNED CLERK '
A001
10. .
r~] SEE REVERSE

L-i SIDE
'SIGNED JUDGE
STATE OF CONNECTfCUT
SUPERIOR COURT
INF.QRM^TiON
JO-(,R--f1 Rev. 1-11
Poiice Case number
?smON DATE
Agency number
Agency name
33-1995
124
SEYMOUR POLICE DEPARTMENT
213
TITLE, ALLEGATION, AND COUNTS

Docket rtumber
Residence (Town) ofaccusect
State of Connecticut vs. (Nama of accused)
GfLiZ-^4^-5
Ansonia
Thomas Steele
Dale of birth
Address
The undersigned Prosecuting
08/28/1959
9 Fourth Street Ansopia , 06401

To be held at (Town)
Derby
Authority of the Superior Court
Court da(s
Geographical
area 5
number
of the State of Connecticut

charges that:
Continued to
Count One Did commit the offense of:
ROBBERY 1 ST DEG
At (Town)
Seymour
On or about {Dale}
In violation of General Statute number
On or about (Date)
In violation of General Statute number
^//?
Count Two Did commit Ihs offense of;
533-134
LARCENV3RDDEG
AE (Town)
Seymour
02/1 Q/13
53a-124
On or about (Date)
COURT ACTION
(Judge) /^P/^-t }t (Dale)_
plea date
fiflt^
c?
wn
Plea
Verdict
finding
t
10%
Surety
Bond
[1 Cash
Fine
Election (Dale}
Ocr DJY
Seized yopsrty inventoiy ûmbt
Bond change
Plea withdrawn
Date
Naw plea
^r7M
Remit
Additional disposition
^ft^ _ ^ _^ Other Coi^rt Actton
yi-'i '-' ']
rW6^
iighed {ProssnSSffngAuyfori,
Daie
D Attorney iI Public defender Guardian
Count
_z
^/^ ^
~m^m
Defendant advis^ffofrishls befoi&ctfig
â.
in vioiation of General Statute number,
I I See other sheet for additional counts
Reason
^?
^-^. 2^Lrf
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Count Tftree Did commif the offenss of: S
At (TOWD)
Purposa
/ilpdge
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Receipt number Cost Bond infomiatian
IMP ) ! NCt ! I Bond forfeited I I Forfeiture vacated | | Forfeilure vacated and bond relnsfaled
Applicalfon fee - receipt number
if paid
Pfoseculoron original disposition
j Cirds one
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Program fee - receipt dumber
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Program fes - receipt number
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Signed (Judge)
TATE OF CONNECTICUT
SUPERIOR COURT
INPPRWON
JD-CK-71 Rav. 1-11
Poifce Case number
JSmOM DATE
Agency number
Agency name
13-199S
213
SEYMOUR POLICE DEPARTMENT
124
Arrest Warrant
Geogfaphlcal
area
State of Connecticut vs. Thomas Steele
number
To: Any Proper Officer of the State of Connecticut

By Authority of ths State of Connecticut, you are hereby commanded to arrest the body of Ihe
within-named accused. ("X" a// that Qpply)
A. Accused is ordered to be brought before a clerh or assistant clerk of the Superior Court.
[^J B. Accused is not entitled to ball.

If A, B or both are checked above, you shall wilhout undue delay bring the arrested person before the clerk
or assistant clerk of the Superior Court for the geographical area where the offense is alleged to have been
committed, or Ef the clerk's office is not open, to a community correctional center within said geographical
area, or the nearest community correctional center If no such center exists in the geographical area, or to
'Correctional Institution, as the case may be.
Extradition boundaries
eslsbilshed by prosecutor
J^C. Bailsetat ^ ^ <^ , (5-0^

I I D. Non-financial conditions ofrelsase:
^] E. CondlEions of release not determined by court.
By the Court
Data
Signed (Judge gphCûpwor Court)
&-îZ
f~>
Name o[Judge (Printw^pe)

^îf'Q^/
Return On Arrest Warrant

Oeographlca)
area
number
Date
"^'^
Town of
>'Yru-y"
State of Connecticut
Then and there, by virtue of the wilhin and foregoing complaint and warrant,) arrested the body of the within-named accused and read the
same in the hearing of said accused; and have said accused here in court for examinatSon^
larimwy^-j
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Date
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Bond Amount Scf At: $'^0,000

Bond Posted: Amount
Surety On Bond:
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Bond Forfeited Date:

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15
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5 count:
Substituted iBformation Filed, Piea of Guilty to counts:
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M:istrial Declared
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Judge
File Entries
Date
E-CiQ
Cy^
reau.
FILED
STATE OF CONNBCTICUT v. THOMAS STEELE

DOCKET # AAN-CR13- 0148418 -T
sâ^
MAR 0 ^ 20H
JAMES P. QUINN
CH? CLERK
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT
NEW HAVEN COUNTY
MARCH TERM 2014
Amy L. Bepko, Assistant State's Attorney for the Judicial District ofAnsonia-Mllford
accuses THOMAS STEELE
of CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT ROBBERY IN THE FIRST DEGREE

And charges that at the Town or City of Seymour, on or about the 16th day of February,
2013, at times known including approximately 11:58 am and unknown, in the area of 15
New Haven Road, a.k-a. Webster Bank, the said THOMAS SYEELE, acting with intent that
conduct constituting a crime be performed did agree with another to commit a robbery of
Webster Bank and one of the participants committed an overt act in furtherance of the
conspiracy in violation of Connecticut General Statutes Sections 53a-48[a] and 53a-
134[aK4).
OVERT ACT
On February 16, 2013 at approximately 11:58 am, one of the co "conspirators threatened a
Teller with what he represented by his words or conduct to be a pistol or revolver.
SECOND COUNT
AND THE ATTORNEY AFORESAID FURTHER CHARGES THOMAS STEELE of CONSPIRACY

TO COMMIT LARCENY IN THE TH1KD DEGREE and charges that at the Town or City of
Seymour, on or about the 16th day of February, 2013, attimes unknown including
approximately 11:58 am and unknown, in the area of 15 New Haven Road, a.k.a. Webster
Bank, the said THOMAS STEELE acting with intent that conduct constituting a crime be
performed did agree with another to commit a Larceny of Webster Bank and one of the
participants committed an overt act in furtherance of the conspiracy in violation of
Connecticut General Statutes Sections 53a-48[a] and 53a-124(a)[23.
A014
OVERT ACT
On February 16,2013 at approximately 11:S8 am, in the area of 15 New Haven Road, a.k.a.
Webster Bank, in the course of the commission of the crime ofLarceny one of the co-
conspirators with intent to deprive another of property, TO WIT: U.S. Currency, did take
$4,749.00 in U.S. Currency, from Webster Bank.
THE STATE,
AMY U/
ASST. STATE'S ATTORNEY
A015
STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. THOMAS STEELE

DOCKET # MN-CR13- 0148418 -T
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT
NEW HAVEN COUNTY

JUNE TERM 2014
Amy L Bepko, Assistant State's Attorney for the Judicial District ofAnsonia-Milford
accuses THOMAS STEELE
of ROBBERY IN THE FIRST DEGREE

And charges that at the Town or City of Seymour, on or about the 16EJI day of February,
2013, at approximately 11:58 am, in the area of 15 New Have Road/a.k.a. "Webster Bank",
the said THOMAS STEELE and another participant in the crime displayed and threatened
the use of what he represented by his words and conduct to be a firearm, during the
commission of a robbery and immediate flight therefrom, in violation of Section 53ai34Ca][4) offche Connecticut General Statutes.
SECOND COUNT
AND IN THE ALTERNATIVE TO THE FIRST COUNT the Attorney aforesaid accuses
THOMAS STEELE of CONSPIRACY TO COMMIT ROBBERY IN THE FIRST DEGREE And
charges tliat at the Town or City of Seymour, on or about the 16th day of February, 2013, at
times known including approximately 11:58 am and unknown, in the area of 15 New Haven
Road, a.k.a, Webster Bank, the said THOMAS STEELE, acting with intent that conduct
constituting a crime be performed did agree with another to commit a robbery of Webster
Bank and one of the participants committed an overt act in furtherance of the conspiracy in
violation of Connecticut General Statutes Sections 53a-48(a) and 53a-134[a)[4], -.
OVERT ACT
On February 16,2013 at approximately 11:58 am, one of the co-conspirators threatened a
Teller with what he represented by his words or conduct to be a pistol or revolver.
A016
THIRD COUNT
AND THE ATTORNEY AFORESAID FURTHER CHARGES THOMAS STEELE of CONSPIRACY
TO COMMIT LARCENY IN THE THIRD DEGREE and charges that at the Town or City of
Seymour/on or about the 16^ day of February, 2013, at times unknown including
approximately 11:58 am and unknown, in the area of 15 New Haven Road, a.k.a. Webster
Bank, the said THOMAS STEELE acting with Intent that conduct constituting a crime be
performed did agree with another to commit a Larceny of Webster Bank and one of the
participants committed an overt act in furtherance of the conspiracy in violation of
Connecticut General Statutes Sections S3a-48[a] and 53a"124[a)[2^).
OVERT ACT
On February 16, 2013 at approximately 11:58 am/in the area of 15 New Haven Road, a.k.a.
Webster Bank, in the course of the commission of the crime of Larceny one of the co-
conspirators with intent to deprive another of property, TO WIT: U.S. Currency, did take
$4,749.00 in U.S. Currency, from Webster Bank.
THE STATE,
toL(A
AMYj iE?KO
ASST. STATE'S ATTORNEY
A017
DOCKET NUMBER: CR" 13-014841ST
STJPEJUOR COURT
JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF
ANSONIA/MILTOTO
vs,
PART A
THOMAS STEELE
JUNE 10,2014
DEFENDANT'S REQUEST TO CHARGE
The Defendant hereby requests the standard instruction for Robbery (See Criminal Jury
lastructions 6.4 and 6,4-1.). In addition, the Defendant requests the standard instruction for
Conspiracy (See Criminal Jury Instruction 3.3). Finally, the Defendant requests the standard
instruction for Laiceny (See Cmnmal Jury Instruction 9.1).
Additionally, the Defendant requests the standard Prelimmary (See Criminal Jury
Instructions 1.2). Finally, the Defendant requests the standard General Instructions (See Criminal
jTiry Isstructioas 2.1 e^. êg.).
FOR THE DEFENDANT

By:__
Damel C. Ford |
Special Public Defender |
167 Old Post Road

Soufhport, CT 06890 |
Tel. (203) 319-0707 1
Fax. (203) 319-0128 1
Jurist 423378
A018
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that the original and one copy of this motion have 1)een on tbis date
delivered, vlaU.S. Mail to the office of the clerk and the State's Attorney.
^îAAA^( -^/-Y.
Daniel C, Ford
Special Public Defender
A019
PJELJgj)
''} ~ '{
.;' :
.SUPERIOR COURT
-^V^DKraiOroPA^SONTAyEyôRL.
MAR 0 h 20^
??P.QTO^
CJtoCLEM
DOCKET NUMBER: CR-13-0148418S
SUPERIOn COURT
JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF
vs.
ANiSONXA/MILFORD
THOMAS ST3EELE
FEBRUARY 28,2014
MOTION FOR A BILL OF PARTICULARS
Pursuant to Section 40-1; et. seq.y of the Connecticut Practice Book, the defendant moves
for the foll&wmg information:

1. The exact date, time and location the defendant allegedly committed each of the
counts in the information,
2. The exact dat&, time and location of the arrest of the defendant.
3. The specific acts allegedly attributed to the defendant in the information.
4. The specific statutory section(s) and/or subsectiton(s) alleged to have been violated by
the defendant.
WHEREFORE, the defendant requests the court to order the prosecuting authority to furnish a
Bill of Particulars.
The requested Particulars are essential for the adequate preparation of the defense and
'^
c^3
essential to prevent future claims of criminal liability based upon the same factor which the
^ ^ -?
defendant is currently being prosecuted.
^ 5^sg^
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0
A020
FOR THE DEFENDANT
By: ' L^CwÂALt

Paniel C. Ford
167 Old Post Road

Southport,CT 06890
Tel. (203) 319-0707
Fax. (203) 319-0128
Jurist 423378
ORDER
The foregoing request for a Bill of Particulars having been heard, the court orders
the State to provide answers to the follcywmg particulars:
GRANTED DENIED I
And furthermore, the prosecuting authority is oi^ted to comply in writing to all requests
granted on or before _day of 20 \y and to file a copy thereof with the
defendant's attorney at said time.
PER ORPBR OF COURT

JUDGE / SUPERIOR COURT
A021
CERTIFICATXON
This is to certify that the original and one copy of this motion have been on this date
delivered, via U.S. Mail to the office of the clerk and the State's Attorney.
l^M^
Daniel C. Ford
3
A022
AAN-CR13-0148418-T : JUDICIAL DISTRICT
STATE OF CONNECTICUT : OF ANSONIA/MILFORD

V. . ; ATMILFORD
THOMAS STEELE : JUNE 6, 2014
STATE'S NOTICE OF EXPERT WITNESS

The State in 1he above-captioned matter intends to cai! as witnesses Jason Brewer
and Dfana Wrightfrom the Federal Bureau of Investigation Laboratory Division located
at 2501 Investigation Parkway in Quantlco, Virginia 22135, in its case-in chief. The
State intends to ask the Court to Qualify Jason Brewer as an-expert in Dye-pack
Analysis and Diana Wnght an expert in the area of Forensic Analysis of Tapes. The
Curricuium Vitae of each has previously been provided via e-mal! to Counse! of Record
on June 5, 2013. A courtesy copy is attached hereto for the Court.
BY THE STATE,
AW L BEPKO
A023
Jason D. Brewsr. Ph.D.
Page -f of^
Rtefch 2QM
CU^mGULWVSTAE
Ja^&rr D.. Brewer, Ph. DPed&rai Bureau of frtvs&<[gatioFi.
CShefnfetiy Unit, 'RDom 4250

2^W ^nvesf-iôn Parkway
Oyantfeo<VA 22U5
(r03) 32-7Q2T
PROPESSÔNAL SXPefaENCE
Sef? 2006 - present
Kbnsfts^ Ch'frmfs^ Examfner

FBI lab'oratory
Federal Bureau of Inv'esfigafio^
Qy^hti.co, VA
PeFfaiTTt forensic' e^^.(ft^;ti(?n^ Oh ev.idehc% SubmiCt^ to ^. Chemfetiy Uftit. {h' 'fcilmEriî
inve^ttgsto? in tti^ area5? ofcopîledîtbst&rtces, â^k ^<byrity cfevtee^ pgpper spr^y&,

mte, Eufafioante, .soofeE wrfSng ^^' ;^n&ra| fci.n^now^ fn.ierpi^f dafe, ^r^>ar^ Written
repojts. ^n^ ^Foy^^.e^^t y/iE^'ss'tes^mo^y êgdtythg r^sytfe oi chemical 3n'a!^@e'&.
^.2004 -S^p 200S'
Ci^st
FB] Labopatery
FeidterafByresu dftnvesâtEon
QyanfiG^. VA
Perform'e^ forensic exsrftinations'on e.viaenc^ sybrftifted to l'h6 eh'emfsfry Unit Eh ^(niihaE
ih<i(e;^.5tfen& in-the areas of oofifTOHeef su'b-stanc&^ ^'ank-security device^ p6pp6F spEay^,
inks a^d general unknowna;.
Jsn 2004- Me*/ 2004 Ptstd66o'Ê Feltow (Vi^Hing Sciisnffef)

fB^ L^bofafory
Fecferal Bure'au Gifteves'tfgaUdn
Qysntfeoi VA
Geêtopecf n^w rri{hods for thfe. i(êrtti%;^!ot1 of orga'nfc. dyes In inR ^ the F&f Laborstory,
G,ountertett6j?m snd Foren6'iG Sei^nce R^&arch" Unit (GTFS'R'U). Presented worR at
sbi'en^fiG meetings and published resuife fn pê'r r&viewed Jojurnate. As'siste'd in preparation
o?qyaTterIy r&ports anci preserited r&^yifs toth^ F&t Iseorattiry, C.hetfnsfry Unit
Aug 199S-Aug 2003
tê^Fcb Asslsfaht
Departmenf: of Ghemteiry
The UNv^sity of North CKroHna atChapet H{!t
Ct^pei ^ ^C
DeÊgn^ 'and- pqffsrfneci hig^ vacnym, thin^tihry depo$Jt^n experEmente;' cottecfs^ and
iFtter^(=e.îd..sp'jgGt?ospo.p^ ,eJ(ipsqme^fyj atemf'c force- miôs:oopB/( 'oap^9Jtance-<Y<?(^ge. and
other gpîfpQ^te'âta; royfin^fy repptfe.^ s^ntfi'c^ritTe&ytte:^ R^sÊOhe?! sefentiffe fiterafure
and presented' refevant-a^lcte.g to r^$e@rc-h^ grsup, denerated sn ortgtnaE re?eai;ch

^fe.gprtatten conserrKng plasma nifridaôn pF sîGon d'!o>tidB films 'for semfc.on^vctor
appEic^lfon^
J
A024
Jasort E). Sr-ewer, Ph.D.
Esag<? t of A
tvferoh 2<m
c.yRRfcuty^vrrAe
EDUCATION
WS-20S3
The- Uêt^ of Mof^ Camt&ia at C?h^^l HiUT

ChapeM,!^
Doctor of PNtosophy Dsgre&
ftfafOf; Chemfsfry
1S&4 - 1W
Jsiroes M^&OB Ll^vet$8y

HsrrisQRUirg, VA
B^chefo? of Scfence Degree
Major; Ctiemtetr^
PROFESSIONAL AFFILiATfONS'
Jut 2007 - Sep 009 S<;ieritifrc Worfcing Group on the Forsn'sfc Analysi& of Chemical. Btologicsl. Rgdiologic&I.
snd Nuofear Terrorism (SWGC&RN)

Mar 200S - Ju-12.Q07 Sctertttfio Working Group on tiie Forensic Analysis of Ch^mtoaf Terrorism (SWGFAGT)
PRCTSSONAL TRAINS RECEIVED
M2W
Sep 2012
JUT2TO
Oct 2008
Aug 2007
AUS 2006
KterS&OS
?OQ@
Fe&2QO$
Feb 200$
Jsn 2005
Jan 2006
Dec-2004
Dec 2004
to 2004
HPIC ^ VPLC- Method DeveioprEtent and Trafisfer, Wate^, F8t Is&t&rafory. QLEanticri, VA
PrinGEpIes of Scanning Etedron ^tefosff^y, ÊOL US-A, Enc^ Qu&n^cOt VA
AS-Cl&/lAB-^ten?aFffon^ Asses.s&r/Aiycte Training, DyfflfriBs, VA
PcsiSfcaH^miqiies-ferinfiraraef Sp^tr^ SnfefprciEîon> TM^twoSctenIific. lasVeg@$, NV
LCa OpeFSit&n?, ThermoHsher Sctenlific Trarnin-s l^tf&t&, WesE P@tm Beac^, Ft .
Rsmsn &SorosGQpy, ['i'fcCibns Rsa^reli Snstftyte, -OhicagOr ^
IR Speclromeiry for Trace Anafy&fe, F6t A(^<temy, Quanfrcos, VA
Moddm Pfsetfee of GC/M-S, Shttna^y; CofomEsa, t^D
Forenste Oheyrwst Semmar, DSA, SterKn. VA

HPIG Opersto aod TrpubEeshooting, WeSer^, FBI Laboratofy, Quantw, VA
CEofBatfpoifi-EP&nin^-FBI La&orsto^Quartticcr,VA '
GO-TOF MS p&Fafion, Waters, FBI tgbor-atory, Quan6c&, VA ' .
' On-line'S<lractEcin for Auto'matinQ Ssmpfe'Prepsrafion, FBI Latioraiory. Quantico, VA.
Basic. 0-TOF Theof^ and Operslton, Waters, FBFL'ab'Qrafery, Gu&nSico, VA
Pratitic^ Ggpiitary EfeotrophGcesis, ACS. Anaft6i'nFi, CA
A025
Jason D. Brewer, PftJl.
Fsge3of3
iârch 2014
CyRRlCULUM VttAE
PRESeNTATLQNS
^3r20^
Califomr? QriminsR^tfcs EnsfiEute- Los A'ng.eles, CA. "Malyws of Sank Ryes from ExpEpding
Ssourily D^Q Pac^s.;"
Sep 200B
FBt Laboratory, G^&ntfcp, VA. "Raman Spepfrostsopy."
Opt 2004
The 15 Annu;3.! Fredertek Conference ?n CE/Pro'Eepmips, Fre.cterick. MD. Torensio

Ana'fysis of Saflpoint Pen InRs. Using QapiitaTy Eie&trophoresEs."
May 2004
FB'E Laboratory, Quanttc-o, VA. "Ink Analysis by OapiIIar/ îectrophoresis."
PUgUCATtONS
Magnuson, M.L; g'atzger, R.D.: AtcaF3z, A^ Brewer, ^ e a/., "Gu'tdeilnes for fh& Mentlficatton of Unknown
Sampfes for t^fciorgto'nos Performing AnaJyses 1br Chemicsi Tsjrorism," Journal ofForensio Scfence^s 57'(3.}. pp
63^642 (20^}.,
JXEg?En, J.D.,Brwr, KA Hsigan ancf-C.L &t(îk0,;tlCapi!t?ryEJ@ctT?p,h.G?pis ofB^fIpoih't Pen \f\^" Journal of
f/ip/^mer/^rr Sê(y.ofQy^/QnerfDo<;^^s^'x.3êrs-^(1)^
^.D. Brewer, ^.H Egan @nd K. Hagsn, "PQrerfsfGÂrTalysSs of @ue Ba.Iipislnf Pen Ink? Using CspiElary
EecfrQf?bores^rFor^nslG- Defence- 'OQfnnrtt.mâtipn's f^}, July 2POS.
JM Egsrl, J,D. Brewsranri K,. tiagan, "Forensfe. Analysis of Biasfe Baffpojnl Pen tnKs Usins C'gplitery
EEectrcfphoresls/ 'Forwô Sctenae Communfceitions- 7(3], Juiy.20Q.S.
A026
ÛRRECUUL^VtTAE
D-wfsaM. WngJ^Pf^ÂSC
F'e^tera'l ûrsay of fw&st^gafion
Chemist Untt, Room 4220

2501 Investigattoo Parkway
Qy^nfico. VA^2l3S-Oa01
(T03) 632-7418 FAX (7<33) 632.741 1

5f3naLWright@te.fbLgov
PROFEÔHAt EXPERIENCE
Mar SB - present - Forensic CftemteÊâin-tfler

La&orafory Divrsron
Federal Bvr&au oHnvestigation, Quanyco. VA
Aug 1997 - Mar 1998 Che?(Est

labonatwy Division
FecEerat Bunsau of Envesâften, Q-uantico, VA
Sep 1994 - rây t @&7 Or^Hate. êsear&Et Assfe&nE

Depaxtm^nt of CftemistFy and Btochemfetcy
Unlvers^y of ârylapdt Col[eg& ParR, i^ryfand

Sep -^9^ - Msy 'E094 Tâohtp^ Ass^snt
Et>UCATfOn
Department pf Chemlsfty and Bcoohemts(ry

Un^versfty ofMaryIand, College ParK, Maryland
Aug. 1991 -Mayl9&7 UiitiversEty o^ âîamS

Depserfenen^ of' CbemTsfey snti Bi'oefTgarosfry
G&Itege' Par^ M^Fy1a?itl
Doctor of Phtfosopb^ Cêmistfy
Sep 1@87" May TO1 cIteQe-oSa^ Etfeafoeth

Fs/fomstown> Hsy/ Jersey
Bachelor of Scfence Degre6,-GhemNry
PRQF^SSCTALTRAU^G . ... '
M^ 1.W Forensic. ^smffiQrWfTffng Coiwse. Federa! Byteav of ftW&s^tlo'n (Wa5htT?%ton DU) ^
NE^ 1S@9 Moof Cwff 0^3', Ge&Fge WaiShifiaton tNveF&fty, DNrtet oT CQiryjnb?a
Juf 2001 ^//cfeê 'Reônse Te^m (gRT) &^fc fr&M^ff oo;^se[. - C?ne Scef7& fnvestfgaffon snd E^rfence
Collecfian. Federal Bupeau of InvestTga'dcm (Q'uantic?<3, VA)
Sep 2001 /nfrsrecfS^^K>scopyft>r Tâce Affs^/ste. ?ederaf Bure'au of investfgato (Quantico, VA)Jaft 2002 Fweffslff An^ysw afPsfRf BH^ Tapes, Fedei-af BEfffsau of Fnves|fgaSTon (Qyî{fco,-VA}
..Ms.y 2002 Fonsnsfff Paint Exa-rrtMiOfts aM Comfyarfsons. Federal Bureau of tovesfcEgatton (WasMngton DC)
May 2002 Introduction to Coatsng SeiencQ Cwrse. University pfSoutftern ?ss3sstppf, Hattie$bungi
Mississippi
Jurr 2002 FwfJQiifonfsfs of X-ray Powder Dlff'rsctsoif {. t^lieTRatfonst Centre for DEffmcticm Date, West
Ch^ster^ Pennsytvsnfe
Oct 20&S Frscfe/^ Mateft TTieoify ty&r/i-s/iropi Mfd-wesfem Assocfato of Forensfic Scferiffs^s AnniFaE ^feetmg.
C&!u?nte, Ohio
/
Oct 2003 ' $ite visits to Honda ofAmQnc.a ancf Stanky leGtf!c mawWurfng /)W$. Marysvllle, Ohio and .
London, OMo
A027
UUUlQ ITTt B1tl;tyatl^ t IIt/l l. rvt~f\f
Page 2 &f4
Sop 2008 Sits visits toBMWpQfnlshop, Mflltken-'s WQBVQ- and kwt plants, s^tf InterfQpe msnufaQttifing plant
Spariaflburg, Lsurens, Johnston, arid Colambra, S&Lrth Carols
Êay 2009: Fre^ê S^wi^ve Tgê CoatTCf'!, 7^p& Wwersfty Mvsnee^ woftehap. Oriando, FfooCTa
July 20-T2 SuperffisQrDwefopirt^nt Sc/)<5o/> Leader&hfp Development Prugranrt, FB;1
Sep 2&12 L^dersft^ pscffit^n. Coucse, Leaderahtp Developwent Program, FBI
Sep 2012 ^lch&rln- Tv^., toiyfacturtng Pten-t Tou^ Dothan. At
May 2013 Uses ofRamsn Spffctrosaof>y !n Forensic Sciww a/7d M ConversatiQn, Library of Congress
PiWESSCTAlAmTOONS/CERTWATlONS
2012 " pressntE^westem AsscKSfettfon of F'orBnsic Scrensls." member
2010 - present Sofenfffic Working .Group - Materiafs (SWGIÂT) - Psint Subgr&yp Chîr (2013-?
2&10 - pnssent Pante anil Po^m^rs FeBow -American Board ofCfltranîstfcs
2TO - present Americsn SoGieE/ of Tre<%. Evkteno&1 Exam'Fnefs- (AS?TEE) Joymal - Editorial Review Boar^
2009--present Atnericsn Society of Trace Evidence EKaminere (ASTE)~ Charter Member
20^8 - prsssnt <^H^ f^wr^fonaf voting membet', E30 commtSee, ForeCTSic ScTe^ce
2002 - present American' Acact&my of Forsnsfo Sciences (AAFS), Feli&w
AWARDS .
Syperfor Sefv'K^ Awai^, n&^nateri &y GBM=R@U= ^N1 Cbl&ffor assistance in tratn^^ JNUafhtes
2?
2&T2
E>;c6Nehc& m Service Award, nomtoated by V^li Chief; Ctteirftstry
S&10
Cfertifteate of AchtevsEnertt Av^rd to suburift meniber& for arcbiteGfuraI paint smdy
2003
ExceIf&FK^ m SgFvfcs A'ffi'an^ [o sxi&unrt: membeT^ fsr &ife^po;t n&vfe^ noEffi^fed by Section Cbfet
200^
Qualiiy Award,. ns'mte.afed fcy Pafftt an^ Tape Groyp Man-s;ger, Ch@mtsry UNS
200S
Superior Service Award, nominated by lnvfa$tig$Sng fiefd office for the case &f interest:
004
Qualify Award, ncrtafed by Unit ChW, Ghemis^
2001
Exceffenco h Service AwaF<J, nominated by Unit Chtef, Chemtetry
PRIESENTATOT.S'
201'3 -~D^Tap^â^)n9ExQmfflaâos;-&eve?&p^g^ves@g^v^L^(feUs^g^^^ D.
M. Wrtgbt, and A.H. êhlfretter. Invlfeid Pfesentefion: PYessure S&nsMv^ Tape COUHCF^ TECH36
meeting, New Orleans', IA, May 17,2CH3.
2QH "Du.cfcT^p^'&QUFCfngExsmTnsEfions: D&v^Dpih@-Enyeâfw<L$acbysiffgMuiap!&Resowce&." D.
M., ?W and A. HêiittF^fer- AAPS S5ll< Annual MeiirF^, Wasbfngfon^DC
2OT2 ' FaciEltefpr, Super visor Devetopment &oboo^, LeadereMp {êvetopmenf- Progj-arrtt FBI (D$& 3-T4)
20tl Archifecttâ! PatoComEpQrisorf$; Single Wbfte Layers.". D.M. WrfgN, M.J- Bradfey^ and A-H. '.
Stehltretter. Trace Evtcience Symposium, Kansas C!ly MO,
2'0'11' Moderator, "PDQ - PaRff Data- Query totemationai Automolfve P&int Dafeba^s" wortehop.
A028
ui-any m. vmyiH-T rtiUr r-rto^/
page' 3 of 4
Trace Evidence Symp&siut*^ Kansas Ctty, MO.

2C11 "Archifescfen^ f^^f Cot?np3Rson$.: Sfngfe Whfte LE(yeFS;.c OM. Wright M:J. Rrsdf&y, and A.H.
URrefter. AAF8 Ânnual Meettng- poster sessfon, Chfca^. It.
2010 'A Mate-Modet-Vear Case Invoiyfeig tlnusuaf Pr^ner Ch&?fetiy îd Gooi^ lês&u^c&s". European
Paint arvd Ba$,<Sr&yp (EPG> 1;64ÂTirtttsE (y[eefe'n@. Keskcw, Polaeid.
2009 "OiWfftTilnafj.on of Architecturai Painte v?a Physicai snd Ghemtcat Methods of^natysEfe."
Trace B/tdencss 8ynp6sium< Glearwafer-, FL.
2009 IVfodsfator, TDQ - P^nt Date Qusry ^nternsfSona^ AuEoroofive ^sint Oaâse* workshop.
Trace Evfetence Symposiumt CIeanâtec. FL.
2008 lecturer snci mod&r^w atth&"PDQ " Patnt Date Query Internstionaf Automoiive Paint Datatoase"
warksfto-p. AAFS 50^" ^nual nnêtin&, Washmgioft, DO.
2004 Presented a weefe tor^ COUFS& to ch^mfete in fhe Sau4i National Pcîce Force Labonator/ InvoMng
^he^xaminsstion of psn'nt and fepe evidence. Riyadht Saudi Arsbf^
PUBUCATtONS
2Qf3 Wrigte, DT^, 8Ftii Mehgre^cr. AH, M&uct T^SQyroitiff &sfiEmhôns: D&veiopfl-iQ thv^lâKv^
le3<te. ttef^S ûEtfÊe Re'sources/ JoEirna! c^ffr^ Ame/fcsn Socfeiy of Tra'ce wcfeff&& EsffFniners;
(ASTS^, Vbl, 4; Isml, 13-25.
Wn^. DU, ^ss^/, ^ ^ Eulehlfeette^ AH. "Artslysfe ^\d DiscrimfeisSon of Shê WhtEe tayers
ofArchKecW PaEnf Joumstof^nsic Sfffen^. 2S^. Vot 58. â 3: 358-364.
&0h '^ni/r,JtW4029.201^;<
2012 WflgH O&A. SouicEn^ Fafot Sfnears: A Hate; Grime Highlights the Utlitty of the PsTnt Data Quer^
. (POO) Eteiabas^ Can. Soc. Fo^nsfc 3d.-J: Vot 45, No. 2; 7ff-ffS.
201 T MehitretEer, AH, Braetfey, MJ. snd Wrighl, DM. An^ysfe and. .dfscaTmmation of etectrica)' tepes:
PartlL Backings, J.Qvr'nat off^rensfG Swence^ ^Ci'I'l. Vof-. 58, Mo. 6.
DO^: 10,11'11/j. <t55@^02&.a01 t.01&7S.%
SfSKfley, NJ, Gauntt, ^, MeMir-sSef, AH, Lowe, PC, and VWght. DM. A va4i^tton sfody fef vinyE
eJectrioal tape &nd m&tolte'^, Jwrh^'off^Qr^n^ Sai&nces., 2&t11 VoF. 5&, No. 3,
001; <m:'TO/j.WM>;Z9.2@11.Qim<.
Wrig^t, DC^ Bfaffley, MJ, ^d^teNtre@&r, AH. ltAtt@!ysfesncE Ditecr?fNtiafem &IAf^hEfe<^ra^ P-Nflt
SapnpEes via a F&pateto Study," FpWRsis $cfen'^ M Voi 200, t'fo. 1-3,DOI; 10,101 ^.forsciiEitS'Q 11.01.001. '
Mebftre?@r, AH, BracHey, MJ, and Wright, DM. "An^ysfe and DteorfmiiâSen of Eteetncsf Tap&s:
.Psrt'L Adhesives/ ûmQfafFo^n^S^nces, VbL 5$, Na ^ DOl^ 10111^1556402&,2maoi5oax

2010 Wright, PM, hA KfteKe-Modef-Year Case involvirtg Unysuai Pricn&r Chemfetry and i$ood Res.ources"
Jwm^ <?f fh^ Amewfcaft Sacnsty of Trace E^fdefit^ GKsmt^fS (ASTGE}, VoL 2. Issue 2, Dec 2QW.
2010 B'radlsy, MJ, Mehlfifetter, AH, and Wright, -DM. 3fftmato of Paint, Review: 200r7-20t0, in
Review f^Qp&rs, 16 tnterpol Intemattonal ForenEio S'oienoe Siymposium, Lycm France, October 5,
201&: ^13-iei,
2007' Sradtey. m, Ho-bbs, Al, Wright, DH sn<i Koon^, RD. Pafefc and OE&$$. A ^vtew: 2004-^007, in
HsviewPspsrs; 'f6mfnte;pottrtterf^tfons!FarensttfSdEenc& Symposium, Lyon, France, October
23-26, 2007:100-1&r, -
A029
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FJILED
AAN-CR13-0148418-T
suas%a"",
STATE OF CONNECTICUT .
JUDICIAL DISTRICT . . ~"
.J^0520t4
^wsy,
OF ANSONIA-MILFOmJBF C^BK'
V,
THOMAS STEELE
JUNE 5, 2014
STATE'S RESPONSE TO. DEFENDANTS REQUEST FOR DISCLOSURE
The State, in response to the Defendant's Request for Disclosure, pursuant to Practice
Book 40-7, 40-13 and 40-26, declares that it has provided, 'in ^ddiEional to materials
furnished February 28, March 5, June 3, and June 4, 2014, to the defense digital copies
of the following:
Criminal history, State of Connecticut SPBI, Hayes, Christopher, $PB{#
CT0386991.4 pages;
Criminal history'lookup response, State of Connecticut SPBt, Rajgor, Hlmansu,
4/30/1974,1 page;
Criminal history lookup response, State of Connecticut SPBI, Patel, Sue,
2/13/1982,1 page;
* Criminal history lookup response, State of Connecticut SPBI, MItchel!, Caitlin,
12/2/1992,1 page;
Crimina! history lookup response, State of Connecticut SPBI, SEsti, Sandra,
2/6/1958.1 page;
* Criminal history lookup response, State of Connecticut SPBI, Rodriguez, Jason,
5/13/1981,1 page;
Crimina! history lookup response, State of -Connecticut SPBi, Welss, -Tara,
9/7/1985,1 page;
Criminal history lookup response, State of Connecticut SPB!, George, Danieile,
A031
6/17/1989,1 page;
Criminal history, State of Connecticut SPBI, Gorham, Lonnie, SPB!#
CT00532396, 1 page; and* Criminal history, State of Connecticut SPBt. Eaddy, Wardeil, SPBI#
CT00638818.3pages.
THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT
AM^ L BEPKO
ASSISTANT STATE'S ATTORNEY
CXRTIFJCATIQN
This is to certify that a copy of the foregoing was. pursuant to Practice Book Section 1012,13, to Attorney Daniel C. Ford, the 4th day of June, 2014,
AMY Lv BEPKO
ASSISTANT STATES ATTORNEY
A032
AAN-CR13-0148418-T : JUDICIAL DISTRICT
STATE OF CONNECTICUT : OF.ANSONIA/MILFORD

V.
ATMILFORD
THOMAS STEELE : JUNE 2, 2014

STATES WITNESS LIST
'The State m the above-captloned matter avers tihe Jury will hear of or from the
following witnesses in its case-in-chief;
FBI
Special Agent Lisa MacNamara
PJ5DBRAL LABORATORY - Ouantico

*Analystto beldentiified [2) CT^St ^l 'S''^ IAJ?^2-' ^
î^LW^lc^ ^ ',
SEYMOUR PD '""
Sgt. D'Antona
OfcWikox
Sgfc Gittings
Ofc, PhouangphJarith
Ofc. Sceithe w/K-9 Raider
Lt Rinaldi
Del Anderson
Defc Ditria
youth Officer DeNigris
Del Sgt Goodmaster
Ofc. Oczkowska
Sgt Prajer
.CSP-TROOP I
Tpr. Boiatzopoulos
Tpr.Appiah
SP- CENTRAL DISTRICT MATOR CRIMES SQUAD
Sgfc* James Thomas
Sgt Kevin Strafcton

Del Christopher ôngemie
Defc. Patrick Meehan
Det. Matthew Grcenstein
Del Peter Farr
A033
DPS FORENSIC LAB

Rachel Maloney - Stills from Video
MILFORD FD
Ofc. Lacey
BEACON FALLS
Cpl Blakeman
ANSONIA PD
Ofc. TireIIa
BRIDGEPORT PD
Del JJ Gonzalez
Del John Andrews
BANK/PRESENT AT THE BANK

Danielle George
Eliza Tabuka
Suzanne Dias
Tara Weiss
Edward Marfciri
Paul Kowarski
Sherry Kraynak
Jason Rodriguez
Frank Tefci
PMVATE CITIZENS
SandraJ.SlstS
Lonnie Gorham
Wardell Eaddy
Kim Wilson
Gunthal Denver
Collins Coleman
Residents of 30 Garden St.Seymour
Caitlin Mitchell
HOTELS
Sue Patel - GM of Naugafcuck Comfort Inn
Benu Nadella " Super 8 Motel MUford
Himanshu HaJ'gor - Super 8 Motel Milfard
Bernadette Drozd - Post Motor Inn Milford
Chris Hayes - Post Motor Inn Milford
RJETAIL STORES
Dave Bowden - LP Manager Wal-Mart
A034
Todd Johnson " Manager Home Depot

Lamar Howard - AT&T Sheifcon
PHONE RECORDS
*Unnamed Person - Sprint Nextel Communtcafcions (Phone-records]
THE STATE
A035
AAN-CR13-0148418-T
SUPERIOR COURT
JUDICIAL D'lSTRiCT
OFANSONiA-MtLFORD
V.
THOMAS STEELE
JUNE 3; 2014
STATE'S RESPONSE TQ DEFENDANT'S REQUEST FOR DISCLQSU.RE

The State, In response to the Defendant's Request for Disclosure, pursuant to Practice
Book 40-7, 40-13 and.40-26, declares that if has provided fo {he defense, in additional
to materials furnish February 28 and March 5 2014, copies of the following:
Provided to Defense prior to this date:
Ansonia Police Department, Supplemental Report, report # 13000007747 00009733, 2 pages;
Ansonia Poiice Department, Supplemental Report, CFS# 1300016215. 3 pages;
Ansonia. Police Department, Supplemental Report, report # 1300016215 00022660, 2 pages;
Ansonia P.otEce Department, Supplemental Report, CFS#-1300016215., 2 paês;.
Ansonia Pol'rce Department, Suppiemental Report. CFS# 1300016215, 2 pages;
Ansonia Police Deparfment, SupplementaE Report, CFS# 1300016215,1 page;
Ansonia Police Department, SuppEemental Report, CFS# 1300016215, 2 pages;
Ansonia Police Department, Supplementat Report, CFS# 1300016215,1 page;
* Ansonia Police Department, Supplemental Report, CFS# 1300016215, 2-pages;
Ansonia Police Departmenlf Supplemental Report, OFS# 13000162'I5, 1 page;
* Ansonfa Police DepartFnent, Supplemental Report, CFS# 1300016215,1 page;
Ansoma Police Department, Supplemental Report, report # 13000008055
00009973. 2 pages;
Ansonia Police Departmen.t, Supplemental Report, report # 13000008055 "|
00009973, 2 pages;
Ansonla Police Department, Supplemental Report, report # 13000005579 "
00006882, 2 paês;
Ahsonia PoHce Department. Supplemental Report, repoji/#-^909&@4^7 -
A036
00006743, 2 pages;
Ansonia Police Department, Supplemental Report, CFS^ 1300005487, 1 page;
Ansonia Police Department, Supplemental Report, report # 13000001009 00000946, 2 pages;* Ansonia Police Department, Supplemental Report, CFS# 1300001009,1 page;
Seymour Police Department DVD, "CN #13-1995, Contents: DVD Wal.mart,
Exhibit
31!>;
Seymour Police Department CD, "CM #13-1995, Contents; Home Depot. Exhibit
32";
Seymour Police Department DVD, 1<CN #13-1995, Contente: JC Penny Disk 1 of
2. Exhibit 33";
Seymour Police Departmenf DVD. <(CN #13-1995, Contents: JG Penny Disk 2 of
2, Exhibit 33>f;
Seymour Police Department DVD, "CN #13-1995, Contents: AT&T Store, Exhibit
34";
FB! Laboratory Report of Examination, .marked "UNCLASSIflED", Case ID No.
91A-NH-2738786-17, Lab No. 13040915 QB AAP. 3'pa'ges;
Eblen receipt, receipt # 825637, 2-17-13,1 page; -
United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation Receipt for

Property, File # 13-1995 Seymour PoHce, 1 page;
FYE receipt, Trans: 31503, 2/17/2013,1 page;
JCPenny receipt, Trans; 7106, 2/17/13, 1 page;
< United States Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation Receipt for
. Property, File # 13-1995 Seymour Police Dept Def Joe DeNegris, 1 page;
Comfort Inn receipt, Steele. Thomas L. 2/16/13,1 page;
Seymour Police Department Consent to Search, 1996 Cadillac Devilie,-case #|
13-1995, 1 page;
FBI Form FD-430. New Haven .Field Office, 2/19/2013, Subject UNSUB; 2 pages^
, FBt Form FD-430,-New Haven Field Office, 2/19/2013. Subject "CHANGED"; 2;
pages;
Federal Bureau of Investigation Electronic Communicafion, Title: (U)
91seymour2162013, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", 3 pages;
A037
FBt Form FD-302. File # 91A-NH-2738786. 2 pages;

FBI Form FD-302, Fi!e# 91A-NH-2738786, 1 page;
Federal Bureau of Investigation Efectronic Communication, Title: (U)
91seymourevictencelead, marked "UNCLASSIFIED". 3 pages;
Federal Bureau of investigation Eleclronio Communication. Titie: (U)
91seymoursteeEearr, marked "UNCLASSIFIED"; 1 page;
Federal Bureau of. investigation Electronic Communication, Title; (U)
91evidence2, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", 2 pages;
FBI Laboratory Report of Examination, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", Case ID No.
91A-NH-2738786, Lab No. 13040915 QB ABE. 3 pages:
Federal Bureau of Investigation Electronic Communication, Title: (D)
Qlbuccalswab. marked "UNCLASS1FIBD", 2 pages;
Federal Bureau of Investigation Import Form, LABRPT. Title: (U) 13040901S QB
ABE Trace Evidence Reprt. marked "UNCLASSIFIED", 1 page;.
Federal Bureau of investigation Evidence Log, . Event Title: (U)
91SteeleDNA8ample, marked "UNCLASSIRBD", 2 pages;
FBI Laboratory Report of Examination, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", Case !D No.
91A-NH-2738.786, Lab No. 13040915 QB AAP. 3 pages;
Federal Bureau of. Investigation Import Form, LABRPT, Title: (U) Lab Report:
Chemistry Unit (CU)- GenChem. marked "UNCLASSiFIED", 1 page;
Federal Bureau of Investigation import Form, OTHER, Title: (U) 2014-00522-1
Acknowledgement Letter, marked "UNCLASSIFtED", 1 page;
91A-NH-2738786, Lab No. 2014-00522-1, 1 page;
FBI Laboratory Report of Examination. marked "UNCLASSIFIED", Case ID No.
91A-NH-2738786, Lab No. 2014-00522-3, 2-pages;
FBi Laboratory Report of Examination, marked "UNCLASSIFIED". Case-ID No.

91A-NH-2738786, Lab No. 13040915 QB ADV, 3 pages;
Federal Bureau of Investigation Import Form, LABRPT, Title; (U) Lab Report:
Chemistry Unit (CU)" GenChem, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", 1 page;
91A-NH"2738786> Lab No. 13040915 QB HH, 3 pages;
Federal Bureau of Invesfig.ation Import Form, LABRPT, Title: (U) Lab Report:
A038
Chemistry Unit (CU)- Paints and Polymers, marked "UNCLASSIFtED", 1 page;

Federal Bureau of Investigation Import Form,, LABRPT. Trtte: (U) Lab Report:
DNA Casework Unit (DCU), marked "UNCLASSIFIED", 1 page;
FBI Laboratory Report of Examination, marked "UNCLASSIFIED", Case iD No.
91A-NH-2738786. Lab No. 1304091-4, 3 pages;
FBI Laboratory Report of ExaminatEon. marked "UNCLASSIFIED", Case ID No.
01A-NH-2738786, Lab No. 13040^15 QB SO. 5 pages;
Federal Bureau of Investigation Import Form," LABRPT, Title: (U) Lab Report:
DNA Casework Unit (DCU), marked "UNCLASSIFfED". 1 pag6;
Provided to defense on this .date:
CD"R, Seymour Pofico Department CN 13-1995, 2-16-2013, Steele Locations
CeH Tower info Powerpoint;
CD-R, Seymour Police Department CN 13-1995, 2-16-2013. Radio and 911
Recordings;
Seymour Police Department Incident report, supplemental,, case # 12-4752, 3
p^ges;
'
.1
Seymour Police D.epartment Incident reportt Supplementai 31, case # 13-1995, 7

pages; and
Seymour Police Department Incident report, Supplemental 32, case # 13-1995,1
page.
THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT
c/
AMY/-L^PKO
A039
CERTIFICATION
This Is to certify that a copy of the foregoing was, pursuant to Practice Book Section 1012, 13, to Attorney Daniel C. Ford, the 3rd day of June, 2014.
AWL BEP
A040
SUPERIOR COURT-JUDIQAL DISTRICT OF ANSONWMILFORD
HONORABLE DEMISE MARKLE
AAN-CR13-148418-T
STATE OP CONNECTICUT
V.
THOMAS STEELE SEPTEMBER 3, 2014
JUDGMENT
Upon the information of the state, charging the defendant with tlie crimes of Robbery in
the First Degree-CGS53a-l 34; and Larceny in the Third Degree-CGS53a-124, as on file.
The accused appeared on September 10, 2013 and made the following plea: Not Guilty to
all counts, and elected to be tried by a jury. On June 3,2014 the State filed a Long Form
Information: Robbery in the First Degree'CGS53a-I34(a)(4); Conspiracy to Commit
Robbery in the First Degree-CGS53a-48(a)/53a-134(a)(4); and Conspiracy to Commit
Larceny in the Third Degree-CGS53a-48(a)/53a-124(a)(2), The defendant entered Not
Guilty pleas on all counts and Jury Election,
Jury Selection began on June 3, 2014 before Judge Denise Markle. Trial began on June
10,2014. The State rested its case on June 18,2014. Defense Attorney made an oral
motion for Judgment of Acquittal which was denied by the Court, The Defense rested on
June 19, 2014. After a full hearing, the case was committed to the jury for deliberation,
On June 19, 2014 the jury returned a verdict of Guilty to the following; Count 1-Robbery
in the First Degree; Count 2-Conspiracy to Commit Robbery in the First Degree, and
Count 3-Conspiracy to Commit Larceny in. the Third Degree.
Wliereupon, on September 3, 2014, per order of the Honorable Denise Maride, the
defendant was committed to he custody of the Commissioner of Correction as follows:
First Count-Robbery in the First Degree-10 years plus 4 years special parole witihi special
conditions; Second Count-Conspiracy to Commit Robbery in the First Degree-1 0 years
plus 4 years special parole with special conditions; and Third Count-Conspiracy to
Commit Larceny in the Third Degree-5 years. The special conditions of special parole for
Counts 1 and 2 are as follows: Stay out of Webster Bank; Participate in and complete a
Substance Abuse evaluation and any recommended treatment; Random urines;
A041
Participate in and complete a Psychological evaluation and follow recommended

treatment inpatient if deemed necessary; Possess no weapons or dangerous instruments;
Have full time employment, and verifiable restitution to Webster Bank that is deemed
appropriate and determined by the office of Adult Probation. The sentences in Count 1,2
& 3 are to run concurrent with each other. TESÎO years to serve plus 4 years special
parole.
By the Court,
Majkle,'>
J> ''' /
^ku ,A^^^-^
Linda Kautzner
Assistant Clerk
A042
Mu,%ai&^-m^?îAftw~':^^ (s^fC.G.S. 1S-23,18-63,18-65, 18-653, 18-73, 1S-76,
Prepare a separate MiKimus foreach file.
[Xl JUDGMENT ' D CONTINUANCE

D FAILURE TO MEET CONDITIONS
OF RELEASE UNDER 54-2a
TO: Any Proper Officer
. FATE OF CONNECTICUT
SUPERIOR COURT
INSTRUCTIONS TO CLERK
18-82, 5^2a; 54-S4b. 54-&2a, 54-96b. 5<j-97. 54-96

Pr. Bk. See. 43.17 to 43-20, 44-10, 44-10A
TO OFFICER
www.jud.ct.gov
Original to receiving facility; return copy to court.
DATE OF OfSPOSmON
' ^-MjP^fil Ml-^^
DOCKET NO.
NAME OF DEFENDANT
AAN-CR13.148418
STEEUE, THOMAS
NAMEAND tOCATION OF RECEIVING FACtUTV
9/3/2014
DATE OF BIRTH
DATE SENTENCE TO BEGIN
8/28/1959
(Ifdsfferenf)
INMATE NO. (IfavaHable)
HAMEAND LOCATION OF COURT
124687
J.D. MILFORD SUPERIOR COURT

DATCOFOFFENSE
2ND COUNT- STA-TUTR NO.
DATC OF OFFENSE
[^1 CRIME(S)
l^ CONVICTED
1STCOUMT.STATUTE NO.
533-134(a)(4)
2/16/2013
53a-4B(a]/53a-134(a)(4)
2/1G/2013
3RD COUNT - STATUTE NO.
DWeOFOFFENSE
4WCOUNT-STATUTENO.
DATEOFOFFENSE
m CRIME(S)
53a-48(a)/53a-124(a}(2)
2/16/2013
5TH COUNT- STATUTE NO.
DATEOFOFFENSE
6THCOUNT-STATUTENO.
DATE OF OFFENSE
LJ CHARGED
Whereas by a Judgment of said court, said defendant was convicted of the above crime[s) and sentenced to imprisonment as follows;
TOTAL EFFECTIVE
SENTENCE
COUNTS AND TERMS (S f execution of porfion of sentence is suspended, show only time to be served.)
First
10 YEARS
Third
Second
10 YEARS
Fifth
Fourth
Sixth
10 YEARS
5 YEARS
SPECIR' HERE ANY PERTINENT CONDITIONS, iF SENTEMCES ARE CONSECUTIVE AND iF PROBATION WAS ORDERED.
(/)
^^
t-
3?
UJ
1
0
a
n
COUNT 1- 10 YEARS PLUS 4 YEARS SPECIAL PAROLE (SEE ATTACHED LIST OF SPECIAL CONDITIONS)
COUNT2- 10 YEARS PLUS 4 YEARS SPECIAL PAROLE

COUNT 3-5 YEARS
THE SENTENCES IN COUNTS 1. 2 AND 3 ARE TO RUN CONCURRENT WITH EACH OTHER.
TES = 10 YEARS TO SERVE PLUS 4 YEARS SPECIAL PAROLE
(If a person under the age of 21 receives a refonnatory sentence in accordancQ with section 18~6Sa or'fB-73 of the Ganera! Statutes, In no evenf shall
the term be longer than either the maximum term of impnsonment for the cnmG(s) committed or for a term of more than five (5) years.)
And said defendant pay to the SEate of Connecticut, the amount of fines now unpaid as shown below and be comtnitted to the
above facility in default of payment of said fines. (A defendant may not be incarcerated for failing to pay fees or costs.)
TOTAL UNPAID
BALANCE
COUNTS AND FINES (Show only unpaid portion of fines)
First
Second
Third
Fifth
Fourth
Sixth
$0.00
Q The Defendant is entitled to sentence credit of
D The foregoing credit includes _ days of credit forprotriai confinement at a police or courthouse lockup.
B:U-1
^
^
ui
u-
Whereas it is ordered that said case be continued and/or Iransfen-ed for future proceedings before said court.
D Defendant to appear by interactive audiovisual device. (As permitted by Practice Book 44-10 and 44--fOA.)
;2:
wz:
2h"z,
'0
h-U
T1~J.D~ ON (Dale)
TO BE HELD AT (Name and address of wuri))
SURETY BOND AMOUNT
DG.A,
BYAUTHORITt' OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT, you are hereby commanded to deliver said defendant to the custody of the
Commissioner of Correction andfor the Warden or Administrator at (he above facility and said Commissioner and/or Warden or
Administrator is hereby commanded to receive and keep'said defendant for the period fixed by said order or judgment of the court or
until legally discharged, provided that when a defendant has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment and ordered to pay a fins, if
the fine has not been paid by the time the sentence has been served, the defendant may not continue to be Incarcerated uniess the
judicial authority has found that the ciefsndant is ab's to pay the fine and that the defendant's nonpayment is wilful
JL
RECEIVING FACILIFt'TiME STAMP

ON Rate)
<^c
By Order of the Court 9/3/2014

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF DELIVERY OF DEFENDANT
I delivered said defendant !nto the custody of the Commissioner of Correction and/or his agent
and left this milfimus with him.
NAMEAMD LOCATION OF RECEIVING FAC1UTY
TITLE OF DELtVERING OFFICER
SIGNATURE OF DELIVEFUNG OFFICER
A043
SIGNATURE OF RECEIVING OFFICER
f''wo2^^181?^-^l:''i';(^<s<2M??^'^:<^7^
CONDITIONSÔF SPECIAL PAROLE
SUPERIOR COURT
JD-CR-149New10ffl7
Gen. StaL54-12Ss. 54-12S P.A. 07-217
www.jud.cl.goV
DOCKET NO
NAME OF DEFENDANT
PERIOD OF SPECIAL PAROLE
THOMAS STEELE
4 YEARS
CR13-148418
G.A. NO./JUOICIAI DISTRICT AT
NAME OF JUDGE
DATE SENTENCED
MiLFORD
MARKLE, J.
9/3/2014
^^^^^^^^^^=
The Court has recommended the following conditions of special parole:

STAY OUT OF WEBSTER BANK; PARTICIPATE IN AND COMPLETE A SUBSTANCE ABUSE EVALUATION AND ANY
RECOMMENDED TREATMENT; RANDOM URINES; PARTICIPATE )N AND COMPLETE A PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND
FOLLOW RECOMMENDED TREATMENT, 1NPATIENT IF DEEMED NECESSARY; POSSESS NO WEAPONS OR DANGEROUS
INSTRUMENTS; HAVE FULL TIME EMPLOYMENT; VERIFIABLE RESTiTUHON TO WEBSTER BANK THAT IS DEEMED
APPROPRIATE AND DETERMINED BY THE OFFICE OF ADULT PROBATION.
DATE
9/3/2014
^,-nr^
DISTRIBUTION:
ORIGINAL " DOC
COPY (1)- COURT FILE
A044
COPY <2) - DEFENDANT
^!^s115
APPEAL -CRHVIINAL
fo?eri..cRô^disr,^.
?topf Hbrs^QS^ <pa9e 1 of2)
JO-SC-29 Rsv. 12.09

P.B. g 3-8,62-7,82-9, 83-3,63^1
C,0,S. S5 61'tVJf, 5S.470
^QWts ^QQW'
See Instructions on Barf</page 2
[] To Supreme Court @0 To Appellate Court
U&t rof;s^ noi <
Name of case ' .
State of Connecticut v. Thomas Stecle

Clessificetlon ^ . .-.
Cross i i Joln< ,, AmBnded
êaL.l^J app$al U appeal LJ appeal

Trifid to
Q Court
Jury Q Magistrate
Other (Specify)
Siipyialtan hr 11 Corre&tQtJ/amenrfcct
reservation .LJ,appg;a[fomi
Tried court tocaiioti
D ___.-.^^
14 West River Street, Milford, CT 06460
9_UF^^
"'"''y^;^
Trie! wyrt iUitgeg being sppeEiled
Usl all Irial oourf dotAel nymbergi indudl ng a1! [walian pjeE
Markfe
Ail other irigl court judga(s) who were jnwlved with Ihe ease
AAM-CR13.014M18'T
;\ ^
^SM^
Lee, tannottl
Jydgmsnt for
Trlsl Court
History
State of Connecticut Q Defendant

Judgment date of dsqeion being sppaated
08/03/14
Dale of isÛEinco of FW.U<^ W any older on any moiion which woyfd render
|udgmertt inBffectnre
Dale to( flEfig appeal extended to
Case lype
D Ifthaciton Q Juvenlte
E>3 Feton^Misdemsanor
Q 0!her {Specify}
Appeal fited by
D Other
ED SfalaofConnecllcul ^3 Defendant Thomas Steele

From (the acBon wt\l^h wnsMes the SrtQtjttdgment): JjidgmenJisôfconyJction
C.G.S. Sec. 53a.134tel(4k 53a-48fa1/53a-134faU4); 53a-46faV53a-124faU2)
Appeal
H ttiia eppeal is takon by the Stale of Cotwecficut, giv^ naftis oE Judge prentEng pemfostort (0 gppeal anti da[e Of Ofdor
K to the Svpfems Courii the riatuioiy basis for (ho eppsaf (Ownwfswi tSsnsia! Ststutes sexton SI'ISS)
By (Sigpafê of attorney w e^tv,
Telephone number
Fax num&er
tlurismimbcr (Ifappliw^s
203-S74-0&29
203-574.0038
401722
Typo nBins and addres^ ofpefson sigrfng ebove (TMsl^ jvvf eppeafsnw; sw Pracffcs Booft ssrifon 52-6,
E-mail address
Office of Chief Public Defender, 55 West Main St., #430, W^terbury, CT 06702
Layren.Wetsfetd@Jud.ct.gov
li<"_ona if appRcabto
Appearancfi
Ceritfication
(Praottce Book
section <3-3}
a Counsel pr seSf-repressnted party who files this appsal will tie tleeêd to have appeared In addition to counsel of record who
appeared In ?s trial court under Practice Booit seciron 62-8.
Under Praoilce Bpok eecfiQn $ 3^8,counsel
orself-representect party who files (his sppeal Name of counsel orself-repfesented party
is appearing in place of;
Danie! C,.Ror(t
Jun's number (If 6f>p!!wble}
423378
SiwwS^ltld)'yidw^spvns^faviW'tefins^
wrt)f>1 thai a ttfiy of lh1s apiwai WM niailad wdsBvawd to all

wtinte! end seff-rtpTOwitgd (iari)pB tifnicanl .,
asrBqu?fadbyPfad!MBBoh(0(;liwS2-?oiti1
>
*Attach a ttst with fhe n^me, telvptiQne nUffiberwttfw number ofesch cuunsal and'se//-,
isre !ha copy wa? mstorf or
tHiltvefod.
To Be Completed By Trial Court Cterh, ^ ^_ /,, ^ o__..,,, ,.,,,
Fees, Costs, and Seouriiy waived by Judge

J=nfryJ:eePaid if No Fees RequireiL _^(wjwjudge's npme below)
Judg
Dqte w?v\
Sign'
Dole
^Q2e^.
ForAppeilatsCteflt's Office
Usa Only
M.r
5//s-y/r
The clerk oflhe original trial court. If different from this <30tftt> was notified on
jhat this appeat was dfed.i
A copy of this endorsed appeal was provided to the Office of IhB Chlsf State's Aftorney, Appellafs Bureau, on,;
Document?
to be tftven to
the Appetlate
Cferh with the

endorsed
Appeal form
Certtflctttfon
The following (iocumenls must be filed wilh the Appellale Cierk when filing fhe endorsBd appsgl form; Practice Boohseotion 63-4.
1. Preiiminsiy Slalernentoflhe Issue?
5. ConslEtulionaHty Noltoe (If appticabte)
6. Sealing Ordsrform, iforiy
2. Preliminary DeBigngIlDn of Pleaeifnfis
3. Court Reportet'sAcKnowlsdgment/CertHJCalion re transcript
4. Dooiieting Stateraenf
lcMil()fttat(iwj>rof)hBOndoff<ijBppi)âiidalidocymfrn{tto.b9gfrtn!o(haAiipi>|]alB?rt(ith
thBendorMdAppMlfcnnwoniTiallft'fordaBw^dloalicouMaltind
4oi{-raWB'Mfttad
aoii-rawaMfttad parfiMfiaiSM
of mwd* of
? (agirifttdifyPrBCfiw
mwd* ?(agirifttdifyPrBcfiw
BoohBBcflpn UMBoohBBcflpn
of^
aM on: ___ j '" Lf-^^r ( ^-^
*/ltecA8tef^/i(toftsm^^/ephonpnvm69rsndfey'ir)t/miaTo/^cft(;ouflye/an[/Ae/iT'?pw
rfe/nwerf.
'
'.
A045
'
'-
Parties Served:
Amy L Bepko (trial prosecutor)

Juris No. 428226
Office of the State's Attorney
172 Golden Hitl Street
Bridgeport. CT 06604
Tel. (860) 579-6555/Fax (860) 382-8478

Thomas Steele (defendant-appellant)
(nmate #124687
Brldgeport Correctional Institution

1106North.Avenue
Bridgeport, CT 06604
Daniel C. Ford (trial counsel)
Juris No. 423378
167 Old Post Rd.
Southport, CT 06890
Tel. (203) 319-0707/Fax (203) 319-0128
A046
(AAN-CR13-0148418-T)
A.C_
STATE OP CONNECTICUT APPELLATE COURT

v. STATE OF CONNECTICUT
THOMAS STEELE MAY 20,2015

PRELIMINARY STATEMENT OF ISSUES
Pursuant to Practice Book 63-4(a)(1)^ the defendsnt-appellant slates he
presentiy intends to pursue the following issues on appeal:
1, Whether :the court erred in certain of its evidentiary rulings?
2, Whether the evidence presented was sufficient to sustain the conviction(s)?
3. Whether the court erred in certain of its Instructions to the jury?
4, Such other errors as may become apparent upon a review of the transcript !n
this cgse.
Respectfully submitted,
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
-ZZMWA
THOMAS STEELE
THOMAS
STEELE ^ f/jfljj
LAWN VÊISFELD ~ T
JURiS NO. 401722
OFFiCE OF THE CHIEF PUBLIC DEFENDER

55 WEST MAIN 5TKEBT
WATERBURY, CT 06702
TEL. (203) 574-0029/FAX (203) 574-0038
Lauren.Weisf9!d(a)jud.ct.aov
HIS ATTORNEY
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to P.B. 62-7 the undersigned certifies that a copy of the foregoing was
mailed this 20tây of MaY 2015 lo: Attorney Susan Marks, Juris No. 401795, Office of
A047
the Chief State's Attorney, 300 Corporate Place, Rocky Hill, CT 09067, tel, (860) 258"
5807, fax (860) 258-5828; and the Office of the Chief State's Attorney, Juris No. 401795,
300 Coiporate Place, Rocky Hill, CT 06067, tet. (860) 258-5807, fax (860) 258-5828.
This document siso was sent to my client,
LAURENWEiSFELD
JURIS NO. 401722
OFFICE OF THE CHiEF PUBLIC DEFENDER

55 WEST MAIN STREET
WATERBURY, CT 08702
TEL. (203) 574-0029/FAX (203) 574-0038
Lay re n.Weisfelcf(%i ud.ct.aov
HIS ATTORNEY
A048
A,C.37956
APPELLATE COURT
V.
THOMAS STEELE
JUNE 3, 2015
STATE OF CONNECTICUT-APPELLEE'S PREUNiNARY
STATEMENT OF ISSUES INTENDED FOR

PRESENTATION ON APPEAL
Pursuant-to Practice Book 63-4(a)(1), the S-tate of Connecticut-AppelIee intends to

present any or all of the fo{Iowfng issues to the extent they are applicable to those issues
raised by the appellant
1< Alternative grounds uponw'hichfhe judgment may be affirmed:
a. Whether any seizure of the defendant, if not supported by probable cause, was
supported by suspicion amounting to less than probable cause and was lawful under
applicable state and federal constrtutjonal principles, or was not a seizure at al!;
b. Whether any statements ofths defendant, or other evidence, were properly
admitted into evidence because the defendant was lawfully in police custody, on grounds
amounting -to less than probable cause, or because the defendant was not in custody at ail;
c. Whether any statements or evidence were .admissible under exceptions to the
exdusionar/ rule indudmg, but not limited to, the doctrines of consent, inevitable discovery,
Independent source, plain view, and search incident to arrest;
d. Whether any evidence admitted in error couid have been admitted on another,
proper ground;
e. Whether any identification of the defendant, if found to be unnecessarily
suggestive, was nonetheless reliable under the circumstances of the case;
A049
f. Whether any search upheld under a "good faith" exception to the exclusionary
ruie was supported by probable cause under the totality of the circumstances;
g. Whether review of some or a!l of the claims raised by the appellant is bgrred by
res judicgta or collateral estoppel,
h. Any other alternative ground foraffinnance ofthejirdgment of conviction which,
upon full review of frie record and transcript of proceedings Is apparent, or which becomes
apparent upon any amendment of the defendant's preliminary statement of issues or upon
the filing of the defendant's brief.
2. Adverse rulings or decisions of the trial court, for consideration on appeal in
the event that the defendant is awarded a new trial:

s. Whether suppression of any of the state's evidence was erroneous;
b. Whether any ruling on the admissibility of the state's evidence was erroneous;
c. Any other adverse ruling or decision which, upon full review pf the record and
transcript of proceedings, should be considered in the event that the defendant is awarded
a new trial.
3. Claims that a new trial rather than a directed Judgment should.be ordered If
the Judgment is reversed:
a. Whether, if reversible error Is foLinci, the defendant is entitled to relief other than a
judgment of acquittal, inciuding, but not limited to, a new trial, remand, or dismissal;
b. Any remedy which, upon full review of the record and transcript of proceedings is
apparent, or which becomes apparent .upon the filing of the defendant's brief.
A050
iT <^ .*"**
Respectfully submitted,
STATE OF CONNECTICUT-APPELLEE
By:
^TUSANC/MARKS"
Supervisory Assistant State's Attorney
Office of the Chief State's Attorney
Appellate Bureau
300 Corporate Pface
Rocky Hill, CT 06067

Telephone (860) 258-5807
Facsjmile (860) 258-5828
JURIS NO.: 401795
CERTIFICATION
The undersigned hereby certifies that the foregoing motion complies with
Practice Book 66-2 and 66-3. It is further certified, pursuant to Prgcfcice Book 62-7,
that a copy of this motion was mailed to Lauren Weisfeld, Supervisory Assistant Public
Defender, Office of the Chief Public Defender, 55 West Main Street, Suite 430, Waterbury,
CT 06702, Tel: (203) 574-0029, Fax: (203) 575-0038, on June 3,2015.
^SOSAN C. MARKS
Supen/isory Assistant State's Attorney
A051
A.C.37956
STATE OF CONNECTICUT APPELLATE COURT

v. STATE OF CONNECTICUT
THOMAS STEELE JUNE 6, 2015
AMENDED DQCKEBNG STATEMENT
Pursuant to Practice Book 63-4 (a) (3), the defendant-appetlant submits the
following information:
(A) Parties:
State of Connecticut
Office of the State's Attorney
J.D. of Ansonia-IVIilford
14 West River Street
Mtlford, CT 06460
Office of the Chief State's Attorney - Appellate Bureau (appellee counsel)

Juris No. 401795
300 Corporate Place
Rocky Hill, CT 06067
Tel. (860) 258-5807/Fax (860) 258-5828

Email: dci.ocsa.aDDeilate@ct.gov
Thomas Steele (defendant-appellant)

Inmate #124687
MacDougaII-Walker Correctional Institution
1153 East Street South

Suffield, CT 06080
Lauren Weisfeld (appellate counsel)
Juris No. 401722
Office of Chief Public Defender
55 West Main Street, Suite 430
Waterbury, CT 06702
Tef. (203) 574-0029/Fax (203) 574-0038

Email: LeqaiServicesUnit@jud.ct.ciov
A052
James B. Streeto (appeilate counsel) |

Juris No. 307285 {
Office of Chief Public Defender i
55 West Main Street, Suite 430 |
Waterbury, CT 06702 {
Tel. (203) 574-0029/Fax (203) 574-0038 . I
Email: James.Streeto@iud.ct.ciov I
^
1
Maria Morse (certified legal intern) j

Quinnipiac University School of Law I
370 Bassett Road |
North Haven, CT 06473 I
Tel. (203) 582-3236/Fax (203) 582-3237 I
Email: Maria.Morse@quinnipiac.edu I
(B) None known or reasonably ascertainable, except parties to the appeal, trial and |
3
3
appellate counsel for the state and the defendant and judges of record. I
(C) There were exhibits in the trial court, j

t
(D) The petitioner is incarcerated. |
Respectfully submitted, j
DEFENDANT-APPELLANT I
THQMAS STEELE I
x^\
BY: I \_X ^ !
JAMES B.gTBÊTO
SENIOR ASSISTANT PUBLIC DEFENDER |
JURiS NO. 307285 I

OFFICE OF CHIEF PUBLIC DEFENDER I
55 WEST MAiN STREET, SUITE 430 I
WATERBURY, CT 06702 I
TEL, (203) 574-0029 j

FAX (203) 574-0038 |
James.Streeto(a>iud.ct.Qov |
HIS ATTORNEY !
[
I
I
A053
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to Conn. Prac. BooR 62-7, it is hereby certified that a copy of the
foregoing was sent electronically this 6th day of June, 2016 to: Susan C. Marks, Juris No.
401795, Office of the Chief State's Attorney, 300 Corporate Place, Rocky Hi!l. CT 06067,
tel. (860) 258-5807, fax (860) 258-5828, DCJ.OCSA.ApDellate(a)ct.aov; and was delivered
via Department of Administrative Central Mail and Courier Service to my client, Thomas
Steeie, # 124687, MacDougali-Walker Correctionai Institution, 1153 East Street South,
Suffield, CT 06080. it is also certified that this document does not contain any names or
other persona] identifying information that is prohibited from disclosure by rule, statute,
court order or case law. It is also certified,that this document complies with all applicable
rules of appellate procedure.
r
_!_
JAMES^ STREETO
SENIOR ASSISTANT PUBLIC DEFENDER

JURIS NO. 307285
OFFICE OF CHIEF PUBLIC DEFENDER
55 WEST MAIN STREET, SUITE 430
WATERBURY, CT 06702
TEL. (203) 574-0029
FAX (203) 574-0038
James. Streeto(3>iud.c{.Rov
A054
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTIONAL AIVJENDMENTS

FIFTH AMENDMENT:
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a
presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval
forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall
any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor
shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of
life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for
public use, without just compensation.
SIXTH AMENDMENT:
!n all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial,
by an impartial Jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed,
which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the
nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to
have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance
of Counsel for his defense.
FOURTEENTH AMENDIVIIENT:
1. Citizenship rights not to be abridged by states.
Section 1. Ail persons born or naluralized in the United States, and subject to the
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of
citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty or
property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the
equal protection of the laws.
A055
CONNECTICUT CONSTITUTIONAL ARTICLES:

ARTICLE 1. 8:
Sec. 8 a. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall have a right to be heard by himself
and by counsel; to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted
by the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process to obtain witnesses in his behaif;
to be released on bail upon sufficient security, except in capital offenses, where the proof is
evident or the presumption great; and in all prosecutions by information, to a speedy, public
trial by an impartial jury. No person shall be compelled to give evidence against himself,
nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law, nor shall excessive bail
be required nor excessive fines imposed. No person shall be held to answer for any crime,
punishable by death or life imprisonment, unless upon probable cause shown at a hearing
in accordance with procedures prescribed by law, except in the armed forces, or in the
militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger.
b. In all criminal prosecutions, a victim, as the general assembly may define by law, shall
have the following rights: (1 ) The right to be treated with fairness and respect throughout the
criminal justice process; (2) the right to timely disposition of the case following arrest of teh
accused, provided no right of the accused is abridged; (3) the right to be reasonable
protected from the accused throughout the criminal justice process; (4) the right to
notification of court proceedings; (5) the right to attend the trial and al! other court
proceedings the accused has the right to attend, unless such person is to testify and the
court determines that such person's testimony would be materially affected if such person
hears other testimony; (6) the right to communicate with the prosecution; (7) the right to
object to or support any piea agreement entered into by the accused and the prosecution
and to make a statement to the court priorto the acceptance by the court of the plea of guilty
or nolo contendere by the accused; (8) the right to make a statement to the court at
sentencing; (9) the right to restitution which shail be enforceable in the same manner as any
other cause of action or as otherwise provided by law; and (10) the right to Information about
the arrest, conviction, sentence, imprisonment and release of the accused, The genera!
assembly shall provide by law for the enforcement of this subsection. Nothing in this
subsection or in any law enacted pursuant to this subsection shall be construed as creating
a basis for vacating a conviction or ground for appellate relief in any criminal case.
A056
STATUTES REFERENCED
Sec. 53a"48. Conspiracy. Renunciation,
(a) A person is guilty of conspiracy when, with intent that conduct constituting a crime
be performed, he agrees with one or more persons to engage in or cause the performance
of such conduct, and any one of them commits an overt act in pursuance of such
conspiracy.
(b) it shall be a defense to a charge of conspiracy that the actor, after conspiring to
commit a crime, thwarted the success of the conspiracy, under circumstances manifesting
a complete and voluntary renunciation of his criminal purpose.
Sec.53a-119. Larceny defined.
A person commits larceny when, with intent to deprive another of property or to

appropriate the same to himself or a third person, he wrongfully takes, obtains or
withholds such property from an owner. Larceny includes, but is not limited to:
(1) Embezzlement. A person commits embezzlement when he wrongfuily appropriates
to himself or to another property of another in his care or custody.
(2) Obtaining property by false pretenses. A person obtains property by false pretenses
when, by any false token, pretense or device, he obtains from another any property, with
intent to defraud him or any other person.
(3) Obtaining property by false promise. A person obtains property by false promise
when, pursuant to a scheme to defraud, he obtains property of another by means of a
representation, express or impiied, that he or a third person will in the future engage in
particular conduct, and when he does not intend to engage in such conduct or does not
believe that the third person intends to engage In such conduct. In any prosecution for
larceny based upon a false promise, the defendant's intention or belief that the promise
would not be performed may not be established by or inferred from the fact alone that
such promise was not performed.
(4) Acquiring property lost, misiaid or delivered by mistake. A person who comes into
control of property of another that he knows to have been lost, mislaid, or delivered under
a mistake as to the nature or amount of the property or the identity of the recipient is guilty
of larceny if, with purpose to deprive the owner thereof, he fails to take reasonable
measures to restore the property to a person entitled to it.
(5) Extortion. A person obtains property by extortion when he compels or induces
another person to deliver such property to himself or a third person by means of instilling
in him a fear that, if the property is not so delivered, the actor or another will: (A) Cause
physical injury to some person in the future; or (B) cause damage to property; or (C)
engage in other conduct constituting a crime; or (D) accuse some person of a crime or
A057
cause crimina! charges to be instituted against him; or (E) expose a secret or publicize an
asserted fact, whether true or false, tending to subject some person to hatred, contempt or
ridicule; or (F) cause a strike, boycott or other collective labor group action injurious to
some person's business; except that such a threat shall not be deemed extortion when the
property is demanded or received for the benefit of the group in whose interest the actor
purports to act; or (G) testify or provide information or withhold testimony or information
with respect to another's iegal claim or defense; or (H) use or abuse his position as a
public servant by performing some act within or related to his official duties, or by failing or
refusing to perform an official duty, in such manner as to affect some person adversely; or
(I) inflict any other harm which would not benefit the actor.
(6) Defrauding of public community. A person is guilty of defrauding a public
community who (A) authorizes, certifies, attests or files a claim for benefits or
reimbursement from a local, state or federal agency which he knows is false; or (B)
knowingly accepts the benefits from a claim he knows is false; or (C) as an officer or agent
of any public community, with intent to prejudice it, appropriates its property to the use of
any person or draws any order upon Its treasury or presents or aids in procuring to be
allowed any fraudulent claim against such community. For purposes of this subdivision
such order or claim shall be deemed to be property.
(7) Theft of semces. A person is guilty of theft of services when: (A) With intent to
avoid payment for restaurant services rendered, or for services rendered to him as a
transient guest at a hotel, motel, inn, tourist cabin, rooming house or comparable
establishment, he avoids such payment by unjustifiable failure or refusal to pay, by stealth,
or by any misrepresentation of fact which he knows to be false; or (B) (E) with intent to
obtain railroad, subway, bus, air, taxi or any other public transportation service without
payment of the lawfu! charge therefor or to avoid payment of the iawful charge for such
transportation service which has been rendered to him, he obtains such service or avoids
payment therefor by force, intimidation, stealth, deception or mechanical tampering, or by
unjustifiable failure or refusal to pay, or (ii) with intent to obtain the use of equipment,
including a motor vehicle, without payment of the lawful charge therefor, or to avoid
payment of the lawful charge for such use which has been permitted him, he obtains such
use or avoids such payment therefor by means of any false or frauduient representation,
fraudulent concealment, false pretense or personation, trick, artifice or device, including,
but not iimifed to, a false representation as to his name, residence, employment, or
driver's license; or (C) obtaining or having control over labor in the employ of another
person, or of business, commercial or industrial equipment or facilities of another person,
knowing that he is not entitled to the use thereof, and with intent to derive a commercial or
other substantial benefit for himself or a third person, he uses or diverts to the use of
himself or a third person such labor, equipment or facilities.
(8) Receiving stolen property. A person is guilty of larceny by receiving stolen property
if he receives, retains, or disposes of stolen property knowing that it has probably been
stolen or believing that it has probably been stolen, unless the property is received,
retained or disposed of with purpose to restore it to the owner. A person who accepts or
receives the use or benefit of a public utility commodity which customarily passes through
A058
a meter, knowing such commodity (A) has been diverted therefrom, (B) has not been
correctly registered or (C) has not been registered at all by a meter, is guilty of larceny by
receiving stolen property.
(9) Shoplifting, A person is guiity of shoplifting who Intentionally takes possession of
any goods, wares or merchandise offered or exposed for sale by any store or other
mercantile establishment with the intention of converting the same to his own use, without
paying the purchase price thereof. A person intentionally concealing unpurchased goods
or merchandise of any store or other mercantile establishment, either on the premises or
outside the premises of such store, shall be prima facie presumed to have so concealed
such article with the intention of converting the same to his own use without paying the
purchase price thereof.
(10) Conversion of a motor vehicle. A person is gulity of conversion of a motor vehicle
who, after renting or leasing a motor vehicle under an agreement in writing which provides
for the return of such vehicle to a particular place at a particular time, fails to return the
vehicle to such place within the time specified, and who thereafter fails to return such
vehicle to the agreed place or to any other place of business of the lessor within one
hundred twenty hours after the lessor shall have sent a written demand to him for the
return of the vehicle by registered mail addressed to him at his address as shown in the
written agreement or, in the absence of such address, to his last-known address as
recorded in the records of the motor vehicle department of the state in which he is
licensed to operate a motor vehicle. It shaii be a complete defense to any civil action
arising out of or involving the arrest or detention of any person to whom such demand was
sent by registered maii that he failed "to return the vehicle to any place of business of the
lessor within one hundred twenty hours after the mailing of such demand.
(11) Obtaining property through fraudulent use of an automated teller machine. A
person obtains property through fraudulent use of an automated teller machine when such
person obtains property by knowingly using in a fraudulent manner an automated teller
machine with intent to deprive another of property or to appropriate the same to himself or
a third person. In any prosecution for larceny based upon fraudulent use of an automated
teller machine, the crime shall be deemed to have been committed in the town in which
the machine was located, in any prosecution for larceny based upon more than one
instance of fraudulent use of an automated teller machine, (A) all such instances in any
six-month period may be combined and charged as one offense, with the value of all
property obtained thereby being accumulated, and (B) the crime shall be deemed to have
been committed En any of the towns in which a machine which was fraudulently used was
located. For the purposes of this subsection, "automated teller machine" means an
unmanned device at which banking transactions including, without limitation, deposits,
withdrawals, advances, payments and transfers may be conducted, and includes, without
limitation, a satellite device and point of sale terminal as defined in section 36a-2.
(12) Library theft. A person is guilty of library theft when (A) he conceals on his person
or among his belongings a book or other archival library materials, belonging to, or
deposited in, a library facility with the intention of removing the same from the library
A059
facility without authority or without authority removes a book or other archival iibrary
materials from such library facility or (B) he mutilates a book or other archiva! library
materials belonging to, or deposited in, a library facility, so as lo render it unusable or
reduce its value. The term "book or other archival library materials" includes any book,
piate, picture, photograph, engraving, painting, drawing, map, manuscript, document,
letter, public record, microform, sound recording, audiovisual material in any format,
magnetic or other tape, eiectronic data-processing record, artifact or other documentary,
written or printed material regardless of physical form or characteristics, or any part
thereof, belonging to, on loan to, or otherwise in the custody of a library facility. The term
"library facility" includes any public library, any iibrary of an educational institution,
organization or society, any museum, any repository of public records and any archives.
(13) Conversion of leased property. (A) A person is guilty of conversion of [eased
personal property who, with the intent of converting the same to his own use or that of a
third person, after renting or leasing such property under an agreement in writing which
provides for the return of such property to a particular place at a particular time, sells,
conveys, conceals or aids in concealing such property or any part thereof, and who
thereafter fails to return such property to the agreed place or to any other place of
business of the lessor within one hundred ninety-two hours after the lessor shall have sent
a written demand to him for the return of the property by registered or certified mail
addressed to him at his address as shown in the written agreement, unless a more recent
address is known to the lessor. Acknowledgment of the receipt of such written demand by
the lessee shali not be necessary to establish that one hundred nlnety-two hours have
passed since such written demand was sent. (B) Any person, being in possession of
personal property other than wearing apparel, received upon a written lease, who, with
intent to defraud, sells, conveys, conceals or aids in concealing such property, or any part
thereof, shall be prima facie presumed to have done so with the intention of converting
such property to his own use. (C) A person who uses a false or fictitious name or address
in obtaining such leased personal property shall be prima facie presumed to have
obtained such leased personal property with the intent of converting the same to his own
use or that of a third person. (D) "Leased personal property", as used in this subdivision.
means any persona! property received pursuant to a written contract, by which one
owning such property, the lessor, grants to another, the lessee, the right to possess, use
and enjoy such personal property for a specified period of time for a specified sum, but
does not include personal property that is rented or leased pursuant to chapter 743L
(14) FaiEure to pay prevailing rate of wages. A person is guilty of failing to pay the
prevailing rate of wages when he (A) files a certified payroll, in accordance with section
31-53 which he knows is false, En violation of section 53a-157a, and (B) fails to pay to an
employee or to an employee welfare fund the amount attested to In the certified payroli
with the intent to convert such amount to his own use or to the use of a third party.
(15) Theft of utiiity service. A person Is gulity of theft of utiiity service when he
intentionally obtains electric, gas, water, telecommunications, wireless radio
communications or community antenna television service that is available only for
compensation: (A) By deception or threat or by false token, slug or other means including,
A060
but not limited to, electronic or mechanical device or unauthorized use of a confidential
identification or authonzation code or through fraudulent statements, to avoid payment for
the service by himself or another person; or (B) by tampering or making connection with or
disconnecting the meter, pipe, cable, conduit, conductor, attachment or other equipment
or by manufacturing, modifying, altering, programming, reprogrammlng or possessing any
device, software or equipment or part or component thereof or by disguising the identity or
identification numbers of any device or equipment utilized by a supplier of electric, gas,
water, teiecommunications, wireless radio communications or community antenna
television service, without the consent of such supplier, in order to avoid payment for the
service by himself or another person; or (C) with intent to avoid payment by himself or
another person for a prospective or already rendered service the charge or compensation
for which is measured by a meter or other mechanical measuring device provided by the
supplier of the service, by tampering with such meter or device or by attempting in any
manner to prevent such meter or device from performing its measuring function, without
the consent of the supplier of the service. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that the
person to whom the service is billed has the intent to obtain the service and to avoid
making payment for the service if, without the consent of the supplier of the service: (i)
Any meter, pipe, cable, conduit, conductor, attachment or other equipment has been
tampered with or connected or disconnected, (il) any device, software or equipment or
part or component thereof has been modified, altered, programmed, reprogrammed or
possessed, (iii) the identity or identification numbers of any device or equipment utilized by
the supplier of the service have been disguised, or (iv) a meter or other mechanical
measuring device provided by the supplier of the service has been tampered with or
prevented from performing its measuring function. The presumption does not apply if the
person to whose service the condition applies has received such service for less than
thirty-one days or until the service supplier has made at least one meter or service reading
and provided a billing statement to the person as to whose service the condition applies.
The presumption does not apply with respect to wireless radio communications.
(16) Air bag fraud. A person is guilty of air bag fraud when such person, with intent to
defraud another person, obtains property from such other person or a third person by
knowingly installing or relnstaliing any object in lieu of an air bag that was designed in
accordance with federal safety requirements as provided in 49 CFR 571.208, as
amended, and which is proper for the make, model and year of the vehicle, as part of the
vehicle inflatable restraint system.
(17) Theft of motor fuel. A person is guilty of theft of motor fuel when such person (A)
delivers or causes to be delivered motor fue!, as defined in section 14-327a, into the fuel
tank of a vehicle or into a portable container, or into both, on the premises of a retail
dealer, as defined in section 14-318, and (B) with the intent to appropriate such motor fuel
to himself or a third person, leaves such premises without paying the purchase price for
such motor fuel.
(18) Failure to repay surplus Citizens' Election Fund grant funds. A person is guilty of
failure to repay surplus Citizens' Election Fund grant funds when such person fails to
return to the Citizens' Election Fund any surplus funds from a grant made pursuant to
A061
sections 9-700 to 9-716, inclusive, not later than ninety days after the primary or election
for which the grant is made.
Sec. 53a"124. Larceny in the third degree: Class D felony.
(a) A person is guilty of larceny in the third degree when he commits larceny, as defined
in section 53a119, and: (1) The property consists of a motor vehicle, the value of which is
ten thousand dollars or !ess; (2) the value of the property or service exceeds two thousand
dollars; (3) the property consists of a public record, writing or Instrument kept, heid or
deposited according to law with or En the keeping of any public office or public servant; or
(4) the property consists of a sample, culture, microorganism, specimen, record,
recording, document, drawing or any other article, material, device or substance which
constitutes, represents, evidences, reflects or records a secret scientific or technical
process, invention or formula or any phase or part thereof. A process, invention or formula
is "secret" when it is not, and is not intended to be, available to anyone other than the
owner thereof or selected persons having access thereto for limited purposes with his
consent, and when it accords or may accord the owner an advantage over competitors or
other persons who do not have knowledge or the benefit thereof.

(b) For purposes of this section, "motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle, construction
equipment, agricuiturai tractor or farm implement or major component part of any of the
above. In any prosecution under subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section, evidence
of (1) forcible entry, (2) forcibie removal of ignition, or (3) alteration, mutiiation or removal
of a vehicle identification number shall be prima facie evidence (A) that the person in
control or possession of such motor vehicle knows or should have known that such motor
vehicle is stolen, and (B) that such person possesses such motor vehicle with larcenous
intent.
(c) Larceny En the third degree is a class D felony.

Sec. 53a-133. Robbery defined.
A person commits robbery when, in the course of committing a larceny, he uses or

threatens the immediate use of physical force upon another person for the purpose of: (1)
Preventing or overcoming resistance to the taking of the property or to the retention
thereof immediately after the taking; or (2) compelling the owner of such property or
another person to deliver up the property or to engage in other conduct which aids in the
commission of the iarceny.
Sec. 53a-134. Robbery in the First Degree.
(a) A person is guilty of robbery in the first degree when, in the course of the commission
of the crime of robbery as defined in section 53a-133 or of immediate flight therefrom, he
or another participant in the crime: (1) Causes serious physical injury to any person who is
not a participant in the crime; or (2) is armed with a deadly weapon; or (3) uses or
threatens the use of a dangerous instrument; or (4) displays or threatens the use of what
A062
he represents by his words or conduct to be a pisto!, revolver, rifle, shotgun, machine gun
or other firearm, except that in any prosecution under this subdivision, it is an affirmative
defense that such pistol, revolver, rifle, shotgun, machine gun or other firearm was not a
weapon from which a shot could be discharged. Nothing contained in this subdivision shall
constitute a defense to a prosecution for, or preclude a conviction of, robbery in the
second degree, robbery in the third degree or any other crime.
(b) Robbery in the first degree is a class B felony provided any person found guilty under
subdivision (2) of subsection (a) shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment of which
five years of the sentence imposed may not be suspended or reduced by the court.
A063
PRACTICE BOOK AND CODE_PF EVIDENCE SECTIONS CITED

Code Of Evidence Sections Referenced:
7-1. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
If a witness is not testifying as an expert, the witness may not testify In the form of an
opinion, unless the opinion is rationally based on the perception of the witness and is
helpful to a clear understanding of the testimony of the witness or the determination of a
fact in issue
COMMENTARY (7-1)
Section 7-1 sets forth standards for the admissibility of nonexpert opinion
testimony. Section 7-1 is based on the traditional rule that witnesses who did not testify as
experts generally were required to limit their testimony to an account of the facts and, with
but a few exceptions, could not state an opinion or conclusion. E.g., Robinson v. Faulkner,
163 Conn. 365, 371-72, 306 A.2d 857 (1972); Stephanofsky v. H///, 136 Conn. 379, 382,
71 A.2d 560 (1950); Sydleman v. Beckwith, 43 Conn. 9, 11 (1875). Section 7-1 attempts
to preserve the common-law preference for testimony of facts, but recognizes there may
be situations in which opinion testimony will be more helpful to the fact finder than a
rendition of the observed facts.
In some situations, a witness may not be able to convey sufficiently his or her
sensory impressions to the fact finder by a mere report of the facts upon which those
impressions were based. For example, a witness' testimony that a person appeared to be
frightened or nen/ous would be much more likely to evoke a vivid impression in the fact
finder's mind than a lengthy description of that person's outward manifestations. See State
v. McGmnis, 158 Conn. 124, 130-31, 256 A.2d 241 (1969). As a matter of practical
necessity, this type of nonexpert opinion testimony may be admitted because the facts
upon which the witness* opinion is based "are so numerous or so complicated as to be
incapable of separation, or so evanescent in character [that] they cannot be fully

recollected or detailed, or described, or reproduced so as to give the trier the impression
they gave the witness...." Atwood v. Atwood, 84 Conn. 169, 173, 79 A. 59(1911); accord
State v. Spigarolo, 210 Conn. 359, 371, 556 A.2d 112, cert. denied, 493 U.S. 933, 110
S.Ct 322, 107 l-.Ed.2d 312 (1989); Stephanofsky v. Hifl, supra, 136 Conn. 382; Sydleman
v. Beckwith, supra, 43 Conn. 12.
Some of the matters upon which nonexpert opinion testimony has been held
admissible include: the market vaiue of property where the witness is the owner of the
property; Misisco v. LaMaita, 150 Conn. 680, 684, 192 A,2d 891 (1963); the appearance
of persons or things; State v. McGinms, supra, 158 Conn. 130-31; MacLaren v. Bishop,
113 Conn. 312, 313-14, 155 A.2d 210 (1931); sound; Johnson v. Newell, 160 Conn. 269,
277-78, 278 A.2d 776 (1971); the speed of an automobile; Acampora v. Asseiin, 179
Conn. 425,427, 426 A.2d 797 (1980); Stephanofsky v. Hi!!, supra, 136 Conn. 382-83; and
physica! or mental condition. Atwood v. Atwood, supra, 84 Conn. 172-74.
Whether nonexpert opinion testimony Is admissible is a preliminary question for the

court. See Section 1-3 (a); see also, e.g., Turbert v. Mather Motors, Inc., 165 Conn. 422,
A064
434, 334 A,2d 903 (1973) (admissibility of nonexpert opinion testimony within court's
discretion).
7-2. Testimony by Experts
witness qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, education or
otherwise may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise concerning scientific, technical
or other specialized knowledge, if the testimony will assist the trier of fact in understanding
the evidence or in determining a fact in issue.
Credits [Amended November 17, 1999 on an interim basis, effective January 1, 2000;
amended June 26, 2000, effective January 1,2001.]
COMMENTARY (7-2)
Section 7-2 imposes two conditions on the admissibiiily of expert testimony. First, the
witness must be qualified as an expert. See, e.g., State v. Wifson, 188 Conn. 715, 722,
453 A.2d 765 (1982); see also, e.g. State v. Girolamo, 197 Conn. 201,215, 496 A.2d 948
(1985) (bases for qualification). Whether a witness is sufficiently qualified to testify as an

expert depends on whether, by virtue of the witness' knowledge, skill, experience, etc., his
or her testimony will "assist" the trier of fact. See Weinstein v. Wemstein, 18 Conn.App.
622, 631, 561 A.2d 443 (1989); see also, e.g. State v. Dougfas, 203 Conn. 445, 453,525
A.2d 101 (1987) ('fto be admissible, the proffered expert's knowledge must be directly
applicable to the matter specifically In issue"). The sufficiency of an expert witness*
qualifications is a preliminary question for the court. E.g., Blanchard v. Bndgeport, 190
Conn.798,808, 463 A.2d 553 (1983); see Section 1-3 (a).
Second, the expert witness' testimony must assist the trier of fact in understanding the
evidence or determining a fact in issue. See, e.g.. State v. Hasan, 205 Conn, 485, 488,
534 A.2d 877 (1987); Schomer v. ShHepsky, 169 Conn. 186, 191-92, 363 A.2d 128
(1975). Crucial to this inquiry is a determination that the scientific, technical or specialized
knowledge upon which the expert's testimony is based goes beyond the common
knowledge and comprehension, i.e., "beyond the ken," of the average juror. See State v.
George, 194 Conn. 361, 373, 481 A.2d 1068 (1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1191, 105
S.Ct 963, 105 LEd.2d 968 (1985); State v. Gmyton, 163 Conn. 104, 111, 302 A.2d 246,
cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1045, 93 S,Ct 542, 34 LEd,2d 495 (1972); cf. State v. Kemp,199
Conn. 473, 476-77, 507 A.2d 1387 (1986).
The subject matter upon which expert witnesses may testify is not limited to the scientific
or technical fields, but extends to ail specialized knowledge. See, e.g., State v. Correa,
241 Conn. 322, 355, 696 A.2d 944 (1997) (FBI agent may testify about loca! cocaine
distribution and its connection with violence).
In State v. Porter, 241 Conn. 57, 698 A.2d 739 (1997), cert. denied, 523 U.S. 1058,118
S.Ct. 1384, 140 LEd.2d 645 (1998), the state Supreme Court directed trial judges, in
A065
admitting scientific evidence, to serve a gatekeeper function in determining whether such

evidence will assist the trier of fact. fd., 73.
In Porter, the court opted for an approach simiiar to that taken by the United States
Supreme Court in construing the relevant federal rule of evidence in Daubert v. Merrefl
Dow Pharmaceuticals, inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct 2786, 125 LEd.2d 469 (1993). State
v. Porter, supra, 61, 68.
In accordance with Porter, the trial judge first must determine that the proffered scientific
evidence is reliable, id., 64. Scientific evidence is reliable if the reasoning or methodology
underlying the evidence is scientificaHy valid. Id. in addition to reliability, the trial judge
aiso must determine that the proffered scientific evidence is relevant, meaning that the
reasoning or methodology underlying the scientific theory or technique in question
properly can be applied to the facts in issue. Id.
In Porter, the court listed several factors a trial judge should consider in deciding whether
scientific evidence is reliable, id., 84-86, The list of factors is not exclusive; id., 84; and the
operation of each factor varies depending on the specific context In each case. Id., 86-87.
Subsequent to both Daubert and Porter, the United States Supreme Court decided that,
with respect to Fed. R. Evid. 702, the trial judge's gatekeeping function applies not only to
testimony based on scientific knowledge, but also to testimony based on technical and
other specialized knowledge, and that the trial judge may consider one or more of the
Daubert factors if doing so will aid in determining the reliability of the testimony. Kumho
Tire Co, Ltd. v. Carmichae!, 526 U.S. 137, 147-49, 119 S.Ct. 1167, 143 L.Ed.2d 238
(1999). The Code takes no position on such an application of Porter. Thus, Section 7-2
should not be read either as Including or precluding the Kumho Tire ru!e.
[Official Commentary amended November 17, 1999 on an interim basis, effective January
1, 2000; amended June 26, 2000, effective January 1, 2001; amended June 29, 2007,
effective January 1, 2008.]
7-4. Opinion Testimony by Experts; Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts;
Hypothetical Questions
(a) Opinion testimony by experts. An expert may testify in the form of an opinion and
give reasons therefor, provided sufficient facts are shown as the foundation for the
expert's opinion.
(b) Bases of opinion testimony by experts. The facts in the particular case upon which an
expert bases an opinion may be those perceived by or made known to the expert at or
before the proceeding. The facts need not be admissible in evidence if of a type
customariiy relied on by experts En the particular field in forming opinions on the subject.
The facts relied on pursuant to this subsection are not substantive evidence, unless
otherwise admissible as such evidence.
A066
(c) Hypothetical questions. An expert may give an opinion in response to a hypothetical

question provided that the hypothetical question (1) presents the facts in such a manner
that they bear a true and fair relationship to each other and to the evidence in the case, (2)
is not worded so as to mislead or confuse the jury, and (3) is not so lacking in the
essential facts as to be without value in the decision of the case, A hypothetical question
need not contain all of the facts in evidence.
Credits [Amended November 17, 1999 on an interim basis, effective January 1, 2000;
amended June 26, 2000, effective January 1,2001.]
COMMENTARY (7-4)
(a) Opinion testimony by experts.
Connecticut case law requires disclosure of the "factual basis" underlying an expert
witness' opinion before the expert witness may render that opinion. See Borkowski v.
Borkowski, 228 Conn. 729, 742, 638 A.2d 1060 (1994); State v. John, 210 Conn. 652,
677, 557 A.2d 93, cert. denied, 493 U.S. 824, 110 S.Ct 84, 107 LEd.2d 50 (1989); State
v. Asherman, 193 Conn. 695, 716, 478 A.2d 227 (1984), cert. denfed, 470 U.S. 1050, 105
S.Ct. 1749, 84 LEd.2d 814 (1985); see also Going v. Pagan!, 172 Conn. 29. 34, 372 A.2d
516 (1976). Subsection (a) incorporates this principle by requiring that sufficient facts on
which the expert's opinion is based be shown as the foundation for the opinion. This
requirement applies whether the expert's opinion is based on personal knowledge or
secondhand facts made known to the expert at or before trial. E.g., State v. John, supra,
676-78 (secondhand data customarily relied on by other experts); Going v. Pagani, supra,
32 (firsthand observation); Hoyd v. Fruit Industries, Inc., 144 Conn. 659, 666, 136 A.2d
918 (1957) (secondhand facts made known to expert through use of hypothetical
question).
Subsection (a) contemplates that disclosure of the "foundationai" facts will in most cases
occur during the examination undertaken by the party caliing the expert and before the
expert states his or her opinion. The requirement of preliminary disclosure, however, is
subject to the trial court's discretionary authority to admit evidence upon proof of
connecting facts, or subject to later proof of connecting facts. Section 1-3 (b); see
Schaefer <& Co. v. Ely, 84 Conn. 501, 509, 80 A. 775 (1911). Nothing in subsection (a)
precludes further exploration into the factual basis for the expert's opinion during crossexamination of the expert. Whether sufficient facts are shown as the foundation for the
expert's opinion is a preliminary question to be decided by the trial court. Liskiewicz v.
LeBianc, 5 Conn. App. 136, 141, 497 A.2d 86 (1985); see Section 1-3 (a).
The admissibility of expert testimony rendered by a physidan-whether a treating or
nontreating physician-is governed by the same standard govsrning the testimony of
expert witnesses generally. George v. Ericson, 250 Conn. 312, 317, 736 A.2d 889 (1999),
overruling Brown v. Bfauvelt, 152 Conn, 272, 274, 205 A.2d 773 (1964).
A067
(b) Bases of opinion testimony by experts.

Subsection (b) allows an expert witness to base his or her opinion on "facts" derived from
one or more of three possible sources. First, the expert's opinion may be based on facts
the expert "perceived" at or before trial, En other words, facts the expert observes firsthand.
E.g., State v. Conroy, 194 Conn. 623, 628-29, 484 A.2d 448 (1984); Donch v. Kardos, 149
Conn. 196, 201, 177 A.2d 801 (1962); Wi!he!m v. Czuczka, 19 Conn. App. 36. 42, 561
A.2d 146 (1989). For example, a treating physician often will base an expert opinion on
observations the physician made while examining the patient. See generaiiy State v.
McClary, 207 Conn. 233, 236-38, 541 A.2d 96 (1988).
Second, the expert's opinion may be based on facts "made known" to the expert at trial.
This second variety includes facts the expert Eearns of when the expert attends the triai
and listens to the testimony of other witnesses prior to rendering his or her own opinion.
See DiBiase v. Garnsey, 106 Conn. 86, 89, 136 A. 871 (1927). It a!so includes facts
presented to the expert in the form of a hypothetical question. See, e.g., Keeney v. L & S
Construction, 226 Conn. 205, 213, 626 A.2d 1299 (1993); State v. Audasr, 33 Conn.Sup.
704. 713, 368 A.2d 235 (1976).

Finally, the expert's opinion may be based on facts made known to the expert before trial
and of which the expert has no firsthand knowledge. See, e.g.. State v. Gonzalez, 206
Conn. 391, 408, 538 A.2d 210 (1988) (expert's opinion based on autopsy report of another
medical examiner); State v. Cosgrove, 181 Conn.562, 584, 436 A.2d 33 (1981) (expert's
opinion derived from reports that included observations of other toxicologists).
Aithough facts derived from the first two sources-facts gleaned from firsthand observation
and facts made known to the expert at trial-often will be admissible and admitted in
evidence, case law is inconsistent as to the admissibility of expert opinion when based on
facts made known to the expert before trial and of which the expert has no firsthand
knowledge. In accordance with the modern trend in Connecticut, subsection (b) provides
that the facts upon which an expert bases his or her opinion need not be admissible if of a
type custorrarily relied on by experts in the particular field in forming their opinions, E.g.,
George v, Ericson, supra, 250 Conn. 324-25: State v. Gonzalez, supra, 206 Conn. 408;
State v, Cuvefier, 175 Conn. 100, 107-108, 436 A.2d 33 (1978). For purposes of
subsection (b), inadmissibie 'facts" upon which experts customarily rely in forming
opinions can be derived from sources such as conversations, informal opinions, written
reports and data compilations. Whether inadmissible facts are of a type customariiy relied
on by experts in forming opinions is a preliminary question to be decided by the trial court.
See Section 1-3 (a).
Subsection (b) expressly forbids the facts upon which the expert based his or her opinion
to be admitted for their truth unless otherwise substantively admissible under other
provisions of the Code. Thus, subsection (b) does not constitute an exception to the
hearsay rule or any other exclusionary provision of the Code, However, because
subsection (a) requires disclosure of a sufficient factual basis for the expert's opinion, and
because the cross-examiner often will want to explore the expert's factual basis further,
A068
subsection (b) does not preclude the trial court, En its discretion, from admitting "the
underlying facts relied on by the expert for the limited purpose of explaining the factual
basis for the expert's opinion. See, e.g., 2 C. McCormick, Evidence (5th Ed. 1999)
324.3, p. 356.
(c) HypothetEcaE questions.

Subsection (c) embraces the common-law rule concerning the admissibiiity of a
hypothetical question and, necessarily, the admissibility of the ensuing expert's opinion En
response to the hypothe-tica! question. Floyd v. Fruit Industries, Inc., supra, 144 Conn.
666; accord Shelnitz v. Greenberg, 200 Conn. 58, 77, 509 A.2d 1023 (1986); Schwartz v.
Westport, 170 Conn. 223, 225, 365 A.2d 1151 (1976). In accordance with case law,
subsection (c) recognizes that the hypothetical question must contain the essential facts of
the case; see State v. Gaynor, 182 Conn. 501, 509-10, 438 A.2d 739 (1980)^ see also
Keeney v. L &S Construction, supra, 226 Conn. 213 ("the stated assumptions on which a
hypothetical question is based must be the essentia! facts established by the evidence");
but need not contain ali the facts in evidence. E.g., Donch v. Kardos, supra, 149 Conn.
201; Stephanofsky v. Hiff, 136 Conn. 379, 384, 71 A.2d 560 (1950).
Subsection (c) states the rule concerning the framing of hypothetical questions on direct
examination. See, e.g., Schwartz v. Westport, supra, 170 Conn. 224-25. The rules
governing the framing of hypothetical questions on direct examination and for the purpose
of introducing substantive evidence are applied with increased liberality when the
hypothetical question is framed on cross-examination and for the purpose of impeaching
and testing the accuracy of the expert's opinion testimony given on direct examination.
See, e.g., State v. Gaynor, supra, 182 Conn. 510-11; Kirchner v. Yale University, 150
Conn. 623, 629. 192A.2d 641 (1963); Livingstone v. New Haven, 125 Conn. 123, 127-28,
3 A.2d 836 (1939); Rice v. Dowling, 23 Conn. App. 460, 465, 581 A.2d 1061 (1990), cert.
denied, 217 Conn. 805, 584 A.2d 1190 (1991). Common law shall continue to govern the
use of hypothetical questions on cross-examination.
[Offida! Commentary amended November 17, 1999 on an interim basis, effective January
1, 2000; amended June 26, 2000, effective January 1 ,2001.3
9-1. Requirement of Authentication
(a) Requirement of authentication. The requirement of authentication as a condition
precedent to admissibllity is satisfied by evidence sufficient to support a finding that the
offered evidence is what its proponent claims it to be.
(b) Self-authentication. Extrinsic evidence of authenticity as a condition precedent to
admissibility is not required if the offered evidence is self-authenticating En accordance
with applicable law.
A069
OFFICIAL COR/IIVIENTARY
( 9-1)(a) Requirement of authentication.
Before an item of evidence may be admitted, there must be a preliminary showing of its
genuineness, i.e., that the proffered item of evidence is what its proponent claims it to be.
The requirement of authentication applies to all types of evidence, including writings,
sound recordings, electronically stored information, real evidence such as a weapon used
in the commission of a crime, demonstrative evidence such as a photograph depicting an
accident scene, and the like. E.g., State v. Bruno, 236 Conn. 514, 551, 673 A.2d 1117
(1996) (real evidence); Shulman v. Shuiman, 150 Conn. 651, 657, 193 A.2d 525 (1963)
(documentary evidence); State v. Lorain, 141 Conn. 694, 700-701, 109 A.2d 504 (1954)
(sound recordings); Hurfburt v. Bussemey, 101 Conn. 406, 414, 126 A. 273 (1924)
(demonstrative evidence). The category of evidence known as electronically stored
information can take various forms. It includes, by way of example only, e-mails, Internet
website postings, text messages and "chat room" content, computer stored records and
data, and computer generated or enhanced animations and simulations. As with any other
form of evidence, a party may use any appropriate method, or combination of methods,
described in this Commentary, or any other proof to demonstrate that the proffer is what
the proponent claims it to be, to authenticate any particular item of electronically stored
information. Lorraine v. Markel American !ns. Co., 241 F.R.D. 534, 545-46 (D. Md. 2007).
The proponent need only advance "evidence sufficient to support a finding" that the
proffered evidence is what it is claimed to be. Once this prima facie showing is made, the
evidence may be admitted and the ultimate determination of authenticity rests with the fact
finder. See, e.g., State v. Bruno, supra, 236 Conn, 551-53; Neil v. MIHer, 2 Root (Conn.)
117, 118 (1794); see also Shulman v. Shuiman, supra, 150 Conn. 657. Consequently,
compliance with Section 9-1 (a) does not automatically guarantee that the fact finder wi!l
accept the proffered evidence as genuine. The opposing party may still offer evidence to
discredit the proponent's prima facie showing. Shulman v. Shufman, supra, 659-60.
Evidence may be authenticated in a variety of ways. They include, but are not limited to,
the following:
(1) A witness with personal knowledge may testify that the offered evidence is what its
proponent claims it to be. See, e.g., State v. Conroy, 194 Conn. 623, 625-26, 484 A.2d
448 (1984) (establishing chain of custody); Pepe v. Aceto, 119 Conn. 282, 287-88, 175 A.
775 (1934) (authenticating documents); Booker v. Stem, 19 Conn. App. 322. 333, 563
A.2d 305 (1989) (authenticating photographs); Lorraine v. Marke! Amehcan Ins. Co.,
supra, 241 F.R.D. 544-45 (electronically stored information);
(2) A person with sufficient familiarity with the handwriting of another person may give an
opinion concerning the genuineness of that other person's purported writing or signature.
E.g., Lyon v. Lyman, 9 Conn. 55, 59 (1831);(3) The trier of fact or an expert witness can
authenticate a contested item of evidence by comparing it with preauthenticated
A070
specimens. See, e.g., State v. Ra//s, 167 Conn. 408, 417, 356 A.2d 147 (1974)
(fingerprints, experts); Ty/er v. Todd, 36 Conn. 218, 222 (1869) (handwriting, experts or
triers of fact); Lorra'sne v. Markef American Ins. Co., supra, 241 F.R.D. 546 (electronicaily
stored information);
(4) The distinctive characteristics of an object, writing or other communication, when
considered in conjunction with the surrounding circumstances, may provide sufficient
circumstantial evidence of authenticity. See Internationaf Brotherhood of Efectricai
Workers Local 35 v. Commission on CM/ Rights, 140 Conn. 537, 547, 102 A.2d 366
(1953) (telephone conversations); 2 C. McCormick, Evidence (5th Ed. 1999) 225, p. 50
("reply ietter" doctrine, under which letter B is authenticated merely by reference to Its
content and circumstances suggesting it was in reply to earlier letter A and sent by
addressee of letter A); Lorraine v. Marke! American Ins. Co., supra, 241 F.R.D. 546-48
(electronically stored information);

(5) Any person having sufficient familiarity with another person's voice, whether acquired
from hearing the person's voice firsthand or through mechanical or eiectronic means, can
identify that person's voice or authenticate a conversation in which the person
participated. See State v. Jonas, 169 Conn. 566, 576-77, 363 A.2d 1378 (1975), cert.
denied, 424 U.S. 923, 96 S. Ct. 1132,47 L Ed. 2d 331 (1976); State v. Marsala, 43 Conn.
App. 527, 531, 684 A.2d 1199 (1996), cert. denied, 239 Conn. 957, 688 A.2d 329 (1997);
(6) Evidence describing a process or a system used to produce a result and showing that
the process or system produces an accurate result. This method of authentication,
modeled on rule 901 (b) (9) of the Federal Rules of Evidence, was used by the
Connecticut Supreme Court in State v. Swinton, 268 Conn. 781, 811-13, 847 A.2d 921
(2004), to establish the standard used to determine the admissibiiity of computer
simulations or animations. The particular requirements applied in Swinton were "fairly
stringent"; Id., 818; because that case involved relatively sophisticated computer
enhancements using specialized software. In other cases when a proponent seeks to use
this method to authenticate electronically stored information, the nature of "the evidence
establishing the accuracy of the system or process may be less demanding. See U-Hau!
hternatfonal, Inc. v. Lubermens Mutual Casualty Co., 576 F.3d 1040, 1045 (9th Cir, 2009)
(authentication of computer generated summaries of payments of insurance claims by
manager familiar with process of how summaries were made held to be adequate); see
also State v. Mefendez, 291 Conn. 693, 709-710, 970 A.2d 64 (2009) (admission of
unmodified footage of drug transaction on DVD not subject to heightened Swinton
standard).
(7) Outgoing telephone calls may be authenticated by proof that: (1) the caller properly
placed the telephone call; and (2) the answering party identified himself or herself as the
person to whom the conversation is to be linked. Hartford National Bank <& Trust Co. v.
DiFazio, G Conn. App. 576, 585, 506 A.2d 1069 (1986);
(8) Stipulations or admissions prior to or during trial provide two other means of
authentication. See Stanton v. Grigley, 177 Conn. 558, 559, 418 A.2d 923 (1979); see
A071
also Practice Book 13-22 through 13-24 (in requests for admission); Practice Book g
14-13 (4) (at pretrial session);

(9) Sections 9-2 and 9-3 (authentication of ancient documents and public records,
respectively), provide additional methods of authentication.
(b) Self-authentlcation. Both case iaw and statutes identify certain kinds of writings or
documents as self-authenticating. A seif-authenticating document's genuineness is taken
as sufficiently established without resort to extrinsic evidence, such as a witness'
foundational testimony. See 2 C. McCormick, supra, 228, p. 57. Subsection (b)
continues the principle of self-authentication, but leaves the particular Instances under
which self-authentication is permitted to the dictates of common law and the General
Statutes.
Self-authenfication In no way precludes the opponent from coming forward with evidence
contesting authenticity; see Atlantic Industrial Bank v. Centonze, 130 Conn. 18, 19, 31
A.2d 392 (1943); Griswold v. Pitcairn, 2 Conn. 85, 91 (1816); as the fact finder ultimately
decides whether a writing or document is authentic. In addition, seif-authenticating
evidence remains vulnerable to exclusion or admlssibility for limited purposes under other
provisions of the Code or the General Statutes.
Common-law examples of self-authenticating writings or documents include:
(1) writings or documents carrying the impression of certain official seals. E.g., Atlantic
Industrial Bank v. Centonze, supra, 130 Conn. 19-20; Barber v. Internafiona! Co. of
Mexico, 73 Conn. 587. 602, 603, 48 A. 758 (1901); Gnswold v. Pitcaim, supra, 2 Conn.
90-91; and
(2) marriage certificates signed by the person officlating the ceremony. E.g., Northrop v.
Knowles, 52 Conn. 522, 525-26, 2 A. 395 (1885).
Familiar statutory examples of seif-authentlcating writings or documents include:
(1) acknowledgments made or taken in accordance with the Uniform Acknowledgment
Act, General Statutes 1-28 through 1-41; see General Statutes 1-36; and the Uniform
Recognition of Acknowledgments Act. General Statutes 1-57 through 1-65; see
General Statutes 1-58:
(2) copies of records or documents required by law to be filed with the secretary of state
and certified in accordance with General Statutes 3-98;
(3) birth certificates certified in accordance with General Statutes 7-55;
(4) certain third-party documents authorized or required by an existing contract and
subject to the Uniform Commercial Code; General Statutes 42a-1-202; see also General
Statutes 42a-8-114 (2) (signatures on certain negotiable instruments);
A072
(5) marriage certificates issued pursuant to Genera! Statutes 46b-34; see General
Statutes 46b-35; and
(6) copies of certificates filed by a corporation with the secretary of the state En accordance
with law and certified in accordance with General Statutes 52-167.
It should be noted that the foregoing examples do not constitute an exhaustive list of self"
authenticating writings or documents. Of course, writings or documents that do not qualify
under subsection (b) may be authenticated under the principles announced in subsection
(a) or elsewhere in Article IX of-the Code.
[Official Commentary amended May 20, 2015, effective August 1, 2015.]
IVIarvland Rules of Evidence Cited:
MD Rules, Rule5-701: Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses
If the witness is not testifying as an expert, the witness's testimony in the form of opinions
or inferences is limited to those opinions or inferences which are (1) rationally based on
the perception of the witness and (2) helpful to a clear understanding of the witness's
testimony or the determination of a fact in issue.
IV1D Rules. Rule 5-702: Testimonv bv Experts
Expert testimony may be admitted, in the form of an opinion or otherwise, if the court
determines that the testimony will assist the trier of fact to understand the evidence or to
determine a fact in issue. In making that determination, the court shall determine (1)
whether the witness is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or
education, (2) the appropriateness of the expert testimony on the particular subject, and
(3) whether a sufficient factual basis exists to support the expert testimony.
Committee Note:
This Rule is not intended to overrule Reed v. State, 283 Md. 374 (1978) and other cases
adopting the principles enunciated in Frye v. United States, 293 F. 1013 (D.C.Cir.1923),
The required scientific foundation for the admission of novel scientific techniques or
principles is left to development through case law. Compare Daubert v. Merrell Dow
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786 (1993).
A073
PRACTICE BOOK SECTIONS CITED:

Sec. 60-5. Review by the Court: Plain Error: Preservation of Claims,
The court may reverse or modify the decision of the trial court if it determines that the
factual findings are cleariy erroneous in view of the evidence and pleadings in the whole
record, or that the decision is otherwise erroneous in law.
The court shail not be bound to consider a claim unless it was distinctly raised at trial or
arose subsequent to the trial. The court may in the interests of justice notice plain error
not brought to the attention of the trial court.
In Jury trials, where there is a motion, argument, or offer of proof or evidence in the
absence of the jury, whether during trial or before, pertaining to an issue that iater arises
in the presence of the jury, and counsel has fully complied with the requirements for
preserving any objection or exception to the judge's adverse ruling thereon in the absence
of the jury, the matter shall be deemed to be distinctly raised at the trial for purposes of
this rule without a further objection or exception provided that the grounds for such
objection or exception, and the ruling thereon as previousiy articulated, remain the same.
If the court deems it necessary to the proper disposition of the cause, it may remand the
case for a further articuiation of the basis of the trial court's factual findings or decision.
It is the responsibility of the appellant to provide an adequate record for review as
provided in Section 61-10.
A074
Motion for Judgment of Acquittal (6/18/14 PM T 81-88)

JUNE 18, 2014
give you the case to start the deliberations tomorrow
somewhere in the afternoon. We hope that works.. The
best laid plans/ we never know^ but, you know^ we
hope it works,
All right. Thank you, Again^ appreciate that.
A JUROR: What time?
THE COURT: Come in tomorrow at 9:30, 9:30, be
here by then. We will try to get started no later
than ten tomorrow. Thank your again,
10
11
12
13
14
(Whereupon/ the jury left the courtroom.)

MR. FORD:. Does the Court want to hear the
motion for acquittal now or would, you rather wait?
THE COURT: Well, I think that we could probably
do it now.
15
MR. FORD; All right.
16
THE COURT: And my other question just was about
17
scheduling.
18
MR. FOKD: WeTre not going to I'm going to
19
talk to my client one more time/ but I don't think
20
that we're going to be presenting any evidence.
21
THE COURT: All îght. And what about the
22
defendants testimony? I can do the canvass now
23
about his rights to testify.
24
25
MR. FORD: I would lik-e to do that we can do

that tomorrow as well, if possible,
26
THE COURT: Tomorrow. You want to fcallc to him?
27
MR, FORD: One more time.
A075
|| JUNE 18, 2014 82

1 |i THE COURT: Very well. All right. So/ I.'ll
2 || hear you on the motion for judgment of acquittal.
3 || MR. FORD: Thank you/ your Honor,
4 || The Court has heard, the evidence and/ as the
5 |j Court is aware^ there are three charges pending here/
6 j| robbery in the first degree, conspiracy to commit
7 || robbery in the first degree, and conspiracy to commit
8 || larceny in the first degree ~" lar-ceny in the third
9 [| degree^ I apologise,, your Honor.
10 |j With respect fco the robbery/ your Honor/ in the
11 || first degree/ the defendant has to use or threaten
12 i| the immediate use of physical force upon another. I
13 it don't think that there is sufficient evidence to
14 || support such a finding, I don't think that there is
15 |j any evidence that roy client was inside the bank here,
16 jj There is evidence of an individual^ there i$ evidence
17 |j of an African American male with a mask/ but that, in
18 |i and of itselfr is insufficient to lead to a
19 ij conclusion beyond a reasonable doubt that that my
20 ||' client was responsible for the robbery in the first
21 || degree. So/ based on thatr I ask the Court to
22 |i dismiss the first count of robbery in the first

23 || degree.
24 j[ Secondr conspiracy to commit robbery in the
25 j| first degree, as the Court is well aware/ conspiracy
26 |i requires an agreement with another person/ and there
27 was no other person arrested in this matter. My
A076
JUNE 18, 2014-
client there is no evidence to support that there
was any agreement with anybody else * There is
evidence that perhaps/. I thinkr at the very lowest
level/, in terms of burden of proof^ my client was
involved/ there is evidence of him buying an Airsoft
pellet gunr there is evidence of buying Goof Off
afterwards, after the purported robbery^ and there is
evidence that he was in possession of some of the
money with the dye on it. Notwithstanding those
10
three things/ those do not necessarily lead to the
11
conclusion that there was an agreeraont nor with
12
anyone else, nor does just that behavior^ that
13
conduct of possessing those three items
14
THE COURT: But you will admit thdt there is
15
evidence that there were two persons at the bank
16
itself?
17
MR. FORD: Yes^ yes* There is someone driving a
18
car and there is someone in the bank,, yes/
19
absolutely.
20
In terms of the conspiracy/ there is no other
21
those people aren't identifiable,, though^ your Honor.
22
There is no one that came in here to identify. We
23
know that Thomas Steele has driven that car/ we know
24
it's registered to Wairdell Eaddy/ we're not
25
exactly but nobody can be sure who was in the car
26
at any time. I tMnk; the only time can be in the
27
Super 8.
A077
11
__
.-
....
JUNE 18, 2014
84
1 ]j SOf even by action/ I don't fhink there's enough

2 |j to formulate an agreement here as well,, your Honor.
3 il And based on that, I would ask the Court to consider

4 || dismissing the second count of conspiracy to commit
5 || robbery in the irst degree.
6 |j And finally/ conspiracy to commit larceny in the
7 || third degree/ 1 think that basically the same

8 |] argument- in terms of the conspiracy,, and I don't
9 |j think that if the State had to prove the underlying

10 || elements o a larceny/ larceny in the third degree
11 || here/ I think that there is insufficient evidence to
12 || support the Xarceny in the third degree charge. We
13 j| don't have very much money at all/ I believe there is
14 |i $70 in one of the banks; so I think that it would be

15 |i larceny in the sixth degree would be a more
16 ']i. appropriate charge in this situation.
17 || THE COURT; You mean there is $70 given to a

18 II motel?
19 I! MR. FORD: Right.
20 if THE COURT; Right.
21 || MR. FORD: But we don't know, none of the other
22 |J money was recovered^ a couple of hundred bucks on the
23 ]E side of the roadr but other than that/ there is
24 || nothing that indicates that my client's possession of
25 i| the $4/900 number that was removed from t:ho bank,
26 j| So, for the foregoing reasons,, your Honor, I
27 would ask the Court to consider dismissing the third
A078
JUNE 18, 2014

1
85
count of the Information. Thank you.
THE COURT: Thank you.
The State.
MS. BEPKOi Your Honor/ with regard to the
motion In relation to the first count/ it's the
State's position that the jury has enough information
in front of them to do their job/ which is to decide
the facts if they believe/. based on even the video of
the robbery/ the testimony of the witnesses present,
10
and the defendant's appearance in court^ as they were
11
able to observe him,, whether or not they believed
12
that he is the person who went into the banX/. that is
13
their job,, and I would ask: the Court to give them an
14
opportunity to do that.
15
As to fche second count,. there is no requirement
16
that fche State deliver up to the jury fche name or
17
identity of the person who is the coc.onspirator.
18
There are there's enough evidence that there are
19
at least two people present involved in fche robbery,
20
evidenced by the video/ the actual robber comes to
21
the bank, xs driven to the bank;/ and then you could
22
see the robber leaving the bank and entering a
23
vehicle/ a vehicle that ha3 numerous ties to the
24
defendant/ that one witness has testified that that
25
is, in fact/ the defendant's carr and then also
26
corroborating evidence inside the car,. receipts and
27
such,, one particularly for an item purchased ^hich is
A079
JUNE 18, 2014
identical to the item found on the side of the roadc
a gun believed to be used in the robbery,, plenty of
information in the defendant' s vehicle tied to the
robbery. The jury can make a decision whether or not
they believe, based on those things,- the defendant
agreed with another person to complete the robbery of
that bank.
8
9
And then also I would just indicate as to count

three/ we do have testimony as to the amount of money
10
that WQ.S' taken rom the bank/ it's not relevant how
11
much was recovered. The defendant "" there is enough
12
evidence for the jury to decide if the defendant/ in
13
fact/ conspired, with that other individual to receive
14
some of that money. There's testimony about the
15
condition/ that money that was recovered was in^ the
16
presence of a. dye pack/ and also video where the jury
17
can decide if they -believe tttiat the person in the
18
video is Mr. Steele using that money. Sor the fact
19
that not all 4/. 000 something was recovered does not
20
mean that the defendant didnrt agree to commit that
21
larceny.
22
So/- I would ask that the motion be denied.
23
THE COURT! rhanX you very mucl^.
24
Both parties,. I will note, of course,, that the
25
trial court/ in deciding whether or not to grant a
26
motion for judgment of acquittal,. based on the
27
grounds that Mr. Ford has moved on/ the trial court
A080
JUNE 18, 2014
must determine whether a rational trier of fact could
find the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt >
And in the case fciefore the Court/ there was the
count one/ the actual robbery,- the Court finds that
there was sufficient evidence to put forward to the
jury to make a determination as to finding the
requirements proven beyond a reasonable doubt/ and
that is the jurors' role. You have the videotape of
fche actual robbery itself. You have two parties
10
involved .and leaving the bank area/ end then there
11
was a myriad of evidence linking the defendant to the
12
vehicle on the day in question. I don't think I have
13
to go through it all/ but there was everything
14
from ~~ testimony about thafcr that wa^ the car that
15
Mr. Steele was driving. There was testimony from the
16
hotel and motel staff th-at he was driving the vehicle
17
on the day of and the day after the alleged robbery^
18
and 'there was also certain sufficient evidence of the
19
money that was linked to the robbery connected to Mr.
20
Sfceele regarding that currency that had been stained
21
with the red dye. So/ for all those reasons/ I deny'
22
the motion for judgment of acquittal as to count one.
23
As to.count two/ the conspiracy,. fhe charge to
24
the jurors in any conspiracy/ and as/ Mr. Ford/, you
25
can see/ there are two parties/ that is a fact for
26
the jurors to determine. But that for purposes of
27
the conspiracy^ the instruction will be, and it's
A081
'JUNE 18, 2014
been long-recognized under the law/ that it is
sufficient to show that the parties knowingly engaged
in a mutual plan to do a criminal act/ and
circumstantial evidence is sufficient to prove that
there was an agreement between the coconspirators/.
and it's not necessary for the State to establish
that the defendant and the alleged coconspirators had
any verbal agreement,, written contract,- shaking of
hands, that's not necessary. The acts/ in and of
10
itself,, and the circumstantial evidence surrounding
11
tl-iose acts may form the basis of a conspiracy. In
L2
this case, you certainly have it with the two parties
13
at the scene and in fche leaving in the Cadillac.
14
Finally, as to the amount of money^ I agree that
15
the ârceny is the amount of money taken from a
16
party/ and that certainly there was a link as to how
17
the currency was first disposed of in Beacon Falls/
18
which has also been linked to the defendant's to
19
the Cadillac/ to the veh-icle in questionr and had
20
been linked to the defendant as well as the currency
21
that was given or used for the motel purposes,
22
SOf again,. I agree with the State^ it's not the
23
amount that's recovered,, but yet it's the amount of
24
currency that was taken, unlawfully taken from the
25
owner of that property.
26
27
So, for those reasons/ I deny the motion for

acquittal as to count two and count three.
A082
Direct Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria (6/18/14 PM T 43-58)

*
JUNE 18, 2014

1 II A I believe it was 924-8238.
2 || Q Are you sure?

3 II A Yes.
4 jl Q Are you sure?
5 jl A I know it's 8238, maybe the maybe not the first
6 || fchree numbers *
7 || Q Were you sure at some point in your investigation?
8 ]] A Yes, absolutely.
9 |1 Q And during that investigation once you found out
'10 11 Mr. Steele's phone number,, why was fchsit important to your
11 |i investigation?
12 |[ A Well/ the next step is I wanted to learn the
13 IS whereabouts of Mr, Steele based on his phone records.
14 jj Q Okay.
15 || A The phone numbe]; was crucial.
16 |i Q And so/. if you ask for phone records/ you have to ask
17 |j for some specific things?

18 || A Yes.
19 |i Q Whafc would you ask for?
20 || A I asked for subscriber information^ who the phone is
21 |t subscribed to/ incoming and outgoing phone calls/ and also
22 i| cell tower information.
23 [I Q Okay. And in order to do that, you need to know the
24 || phone number/ right?

25 If A Yes.
26 |! Q So/ what's the process of getting this cell phone
27 information?
A083
JUNE 18, 2014
44
1 ][ A The process is I completed and applied for an ex

2 I) parte phone record, order.
3 || Q Once you get fche order, what do you do with it?
4 || A Once the order is signed by the judge/ it was E
5 || mailed to I'm sorry, faxed to Sprint Nextel.
6 ij Q And why Sprint Nextel?

7 || A That was the company being used based on that phone
8 II number.
9 ]j Q That phone number is issued by that company,. is that
10- |j what you are saying?
11 |i A Yes.
12 || Q So/ you have the relevant carrier, you fax the
13 || information to the carrier^ and'then what happens after
14 || that?
15 j| A We I received in the mail my request of the phone
16 || records from Sprint, from the subpoena that were provided by
17 j| Sprint based on that phone number.
16 j| Q Are the records addressed to you?
19 j} A Yes.
20 || Q And did you take a look at those records to make sure
21 || they are the right ones?

22 i| A Yes.
23 |E MS. BEPKO: State's Exhibit 77 for
24 II identification.
25 || (Whereupon, Sprint records were marked
26 [| as State's Exhibit 77 for identification.)
27
A084
JUNE 18^ 2014

1 I) BY MS. BEPKO:
2 Ij Q Do you recognize this item?
3 || ^ I do.
4 i] Q What is it?
5 Ij A This is a subpoena of fche records of one Thomas
6 || Steele.
7 i[ Q Okay. And can you just take a look/ flip through
8 || that for us?

9 [I A (Witness reviewing.)
10 |i Q Are those the records that you received ba&k from
11 |i Sprint?
12 || A Yes.
13 |j Q Okay. And did you receive them according to that
14 ]j process that you just described?

15 II A Yes.
16 |[ MS BEPKO: Objection?. Any objection/ counsel?
17 II Full exhibit?
18 || MR. FORD: Can I just take one look at it?
19 || No objection/ ,your Honor.
20 (I MS. BEPKO: Thank you.

21 li THE COURT: That can be marked as a full
22 II exhibit. What number is that?
23 |j MS- BEPKO: It's 77.
24 || THE COURT: Seventy-seven*
25 j] (Whereupon, marked State's Exhibit 77

26 ij as a ull exhibit.)
27
A085
JUNE 18, 2014

1 |i BY MS. BESPKO:
2 I| Q Detective/ let me direct your attention to the third
3 || page from the top,, what subject number were you looking for?
4 li A. 954-8238.
5 || Q Ok^y. Is that the number that you developed as Mr.
6 !] Steele's number?
7 || A Yes.
8 {I Q So, the number you gave us before was off by one
9 || digit?
10 || A Okay.
11 i| Q That was the wrong or the right number?
12 |i A This is the operative number.
13 |} Q Okay. So,. these are the phone records for that phone
14 if number?
15 || A Yes.
16 Ij Q And when you got these phone records, did you
17 t| irnmedtia.tely understand the contents?
18 |i A Not all of it. Basic incoming and outgoing phone
19 j| calls,, but in terms of the cell tower information/ I did
20 11 nofc.
21 || Q And/ I mean/ these are the incoming and oufccoming
22 || records, right?
23 || A Yes.
24 |i Q And then these little tiny ones, that's the cell
25 I) tower information?
26 I! A Yes.
27 Q Okay. So, did you need some help?
A086
JUNE '18^ 2014
47
It! AX did,
2 ji Q And whose help did you enlist?
3 Ij A I contacted Sprint and. spoke to somebody in the
4 || subpoena department, spoke to a specialist who
5 {I Q What's that person's job?

6 || A His job is to explain to law enforcement common
7 i| practice because to learn about the conimunicafcion of the
Q |i cell phone and the cell tower/ which he did.
9 i! 0 Okay. And so/ after he explained that stuff to you/
10 1} did you did you learn what the significance of a cell
11 |i tower is?
12 11 A Yes.
13 |! Q What's it for?
14 |[ A In order to make a phone call/ incoming or
15 I| outgoing^ a cell tower dedicates the number from the cell
16 |i tower determining if itts legitimate.
17 iJ MR. FORD: Your Honor, I have to object at this
18 |i time.
19 || THE COURT: Grounds.
20 j[ MR. FORD; Yes/ your Honor,
21 |i THE COURT: I'm sorry^ the grounds/ just the
22 I] legal grounds.
23 || MR. FORD: Foundation. I think he is giving
24 |i opinion testimony here regarding^ Z think that's
25 j| where we're going here.,
26 |j THE COURT: All right. haven't heard that

27
yet.
A087
JUNE 18, 2014
48
1 || Do you have a response to the objection based on

2 || ' foundation?
3 j[ MS.- BEPKO: What he understands about cell phone
4 |j records now after being educated.
5 i| THE COURT: Overruled,
6 |i BY MS. BEPKO:
7 Ij Q Okay. You were explaining what a cell phone tower is
8 jl for?
9 Ij A In order for a phone call to be made, incoming or
10 jj outgoing/ you have to have a cell tower and it dedicates the
11 |j subscriber information/ checking if it's a legitimate phone
12 || number,, and with that carrier.
13 || Q Can you make a phone call without a ceil fcower?
14 || A Absolutely not.
15 IS Q And did you also learn how close a cell phone has to
16 il be to a tower in order to receive information from it?
17 |1 A Yes.
18 j| Q And how far away can a phone be to bounce off the
19 If tower?
20 j| A Anywhere from zero to 30 miles.
21 |i Q A big a-adius?
22 || A Right.
23 li Q So/ cell phone at 30 miles or right next to the
24 || tower?
25 ji A Correct.
26 || Q ThatTs the tower thatfs it's going to bounce off of?
27 A Correct.
A088
11
-..^
/.^^
JUNE 18r 2014
49
'
1 jl Q And so,- did he also teach you how to read these?

2 t! A Yes.
3 || Q Okay. And so/ I'm just going to pick a random page/
4 || page number two of 30, How can you determine from this page
5 |I what cell tower you are looking for? What column are we
6 tl looking at?
7 || MR. FORD: Your Honor, if I could just object.
8 Ei Again/ your Honor, I think we're getting into the
9 11 realm of expert testimony here and I don*fc think that
10 i| the officer has been qualified as an expert. What
11 || we)i:e trying to do here is to educate the jury, and I
12 || think that' s wholly in the purview of an expert. I
13 || object to this whole line of questioning/ your Honor.
14 II 'THE COURT: Response.
15 It MS. BEPKO: The officer has indicated that he
16 || did not know how to read tlie records,- but now does
17 il know how to read the records and has demonstrated to
18 |i the jury that he has the information in front of him*
19 |{ THE COURT: All right. The objection is

20 11 overruled. The exhibit has been admitted into
21 [| evidence/ the Court finds that a proper foundation
22 tt was made and that this detective found information in
23 |[ the course of the investigation and he obtained
24 !I information which now he has testified, allows him to
25 || interpret data. So, it's an interpretation of the
26 j| data,, not unlike understanding handwriting. So, in
27 that regards it's a business record, Its foundation
A089
JUNE 18, 2014

3. |] has been laid. It'1 a part of his investigation/ he
2 |j learned how to interpret fche data. I'll allow him
3 |j now to testify a:Qm the document entered into
4 |i evidence.
5 |i All right. You may proceed.
6 j| BY MS. BEPKO:
7 Ij Q Sof were you able to then understand what the
8 || information in front of you was?
9 |] A Correct^ with the assisfcance from the help of
10 |i employees of Sprint/ yes.
11 |[ Q Okay, So/ can I have that document please?
12 || A Sure.
13 |1 Q So, from this/ did you well,. let me withdraw that.
14 || How is this information helpful to -your understanding
15 |j of the case?
16 || A Ba.sica.llyr pinned down the whereabouts of Thomas
17 1| Steele before/ during, and after the robbery of Webster
18 |i Bank.
19 i| Q Okay, So^ I'm going to show you State's Exhibit 44.
20 i| Can you tell me what this is?

21 || A It's a receipt from Walmart.
22 i| Q Where v?as this found/ do you recall?
23 !i A In the vehicle.
24 || Q Ok.ay. And can you tell me what time is on this
25 i| receipt?
26 'I! A 9:37 a.ffl.
21 Q Okay. And around 9:37 a.m./ wha.trs the address of
A090
JUNE 18^ 2014

1 |j tMs Walmartr are you aware?
2 jl A New Haven Road in Derby^ Connecticut.
3 11 Q The exact address?

4 || A The exact .address/ 656 New Haven Avenuer Derby/
5 II Connecticut.
6 il Q Okay* And so/ at this time and this place at
^ jt Walmart, did you discover any information regarding the
8 |i location of fc1ê cell tower I'm sorry. Withdrawn.
9 || Did you discover that Mr. Steele was using his c&ll
10 |S phone around this time?

11 !| A Yes.
12 [| Q And are you aware of what tower that call bounced off
13 |j of during that time?

14 it A Yes, it ^hould be documented.
15 II Q And was that the exact time that he was at Walmart or
16 |j very close to the time?
17 !| A Exact fcime.
18 j] Q Okay. Would you be able to figure that out from any
19 II of fche records?
20 || A Yes.
23- i| Q February 16^ around that time on the receipt?
22 ij A The exact times 1 have on my notes wMch
23 i| Q Let me ask you this: Different pieces of evidence
24 || that you guys had collected with the with time stamps on
25 If it?
26 i| A Yes.
27 Q Okay, And different times that you had ascertained
A091
JUNE 18, 2014

1 |5 Mr. Steele had been in those places, did you then attempt to
2 jj locate the cell phone tower nearest those places?
3 !| A Yes.
4 || ;Q Okay, And did that's a lot of places/ right?
5 li A Yes.
6 jl Q And it1s a lot oftimes too/ right?
7 li 2Y Yes.
8 || Q And at least two addresses you are looking at/ t'he
9 |[ address of the tower and the address of the place you think
10 || Mr. SteeXe is at?
11 [1 A Yes.
12 |j Q Okay. So/ did you know all of that data at one
13 j| point?
14 || A Yes.
15 i| Q And can you remember all of that off the top of your
16 |i head right jiow?

17 ii A So much detailed information, I would have to refer
18 |j to my docu "" my notes.
19 || Q SOf like the phone numbei:/ you need a little
20 i| assistance?
21 || A Yes.
22 || Q And so/ at the time that you knew all that stuff and
23 || you compiled that informationr did you gather all that
24 |i information in one place?
25 I! A Yes.
26 || Q And did you make if you looked at if yoy looked
27 at that, would that help you remember the addresses/ the
A092
JUNE 18, 2014

1 || times and. places?
2 || A YeSr it woyld,
3 li MS. BEPKO: Your Honor/ at this time/ I would
4 || ask that the witness be able to not only refresh his
5 || memory/ but keep it with him as there are a number o
6 || dates and times that I'm going to ask him about/
7 i| okay?
8 11 BY MS. BEPKO:
9 Ij Q And itTs just limited to this portion/ okay?
10 j| So/ Detective/ X showed you the Walmarfc receipt,
11 |1 right?
12 ii A Yes.
13 || Q And you indicated the time and that the Walmairt's at
14 )t Derbyr right?
15 II A Yes.
16 i| .Q And you said that you determined that Mr. Steele was
17 i| using his cell phone at that time?

18 II A Yes.
19 j| Q Okay. So, what location was Mr. Cell phone Mr,
20 I! Steele's cell phone come on, it's late, rj-ghfc?
21 || What location was Mr. Steele's cell phone -~ what
22 |I tower was it hitting off of?

23 || A. It was hitting off Mr. Steele was in Walmart in
24 {I Derby^ 656 New Raven Avenue.
25 || Q Yup. So, what tower?
26 || A It was hitting off the South Cliff Street tower

27 approximately one mile from the Walmart in Derby located in
A093
JUNE; 18, 2014

1 il Ansonia.
2 [| Q So/ that tower,. you said the location,. South Cliff
3 |j Street, Ansonia/ at a distance you think between Walmart and
4 j! that tower is approximately one mile?
5 jl A One mile, yes.
6 ![ Q SOr then we have State's Exhibit 2r do you
7 |i recognize this?
8 [I A I do.
9 11 Q And what is this?
1Q ij A Registration form from Comfort Inn Motel in
11 |i Naugatuck^ Connecticnfc.
12 |1 Q What is the date of check-in- day?
13 || A February 16, 2013.
14 II Q What's check-in time?
15 !i A 1:00 a.m*
1,6 || Q , Okay, And so, did you determine if Mr. Steele used
17 || his cell phone around that time on that day?

18 ti A I did.
19 |] Q And did you determine what cell phone tower that call
20 I! bounced off of?

21 11 A . Yes.
22 i| Q And what cell fcowej: location was that?
23 )| A Cell location was on 280 Elm Street in Nau9atuck^
24 [| approximately point six miles from the Comfort Xnn Motel.
25 11 Q Well, within 30 miles?

26 II A Yes.
27 Q What was the time of the Webster Bank robbery?
A094
JUNE 18, 2014

1 11 A 11:58 a.m,
2 I} Q Okay. And. did you determine if Mr. Steele used. his
3 IJ cell phone around that time as well?
4 || A Yes.
5 If Q And did you determine what cell phone tower the call
6 II bounced off of?
7 jl A Yes.
8 jl Q And can you just tell me the location of the tower?
9 II A The location of fcîe tower is Riramon Street in
10 1) Seymour,. Connecticut, approximately point eight miles from
11 || the Webster Bank.
12 i| Q Okay. And then you testified that the dye pack was
13 |i located in Beacon Falls?
14 I) A Yes.
15 || Q Do you recall around ~~ the time of day?
16 || Â 12:20 p.m.
17 |I Q Okay, And did you determine if Mr. Sfceele was using
18 || his -cell phone at that time?

3.9 II A Yes/ he was.
20 i| Q And what cell phone tower it bounced off of?

21 II A Cell tower was 236 Pent Road. in Beacon Falls.
22 [| Q And approximately how far away from 119 North Main

23 [1 Street is that?
24 || A Approximately 1,000 feet, under a quarter of a mile.
25 || Q Okay. And do you know the approximate time that the
26 |i bank employee called in the item thrown on the side of Route
27 8?
A095
JUNE 18, 2014
56
A Approximately 1:00 p.m.
Q Okay. And did you determine if Mr. Steele was using
Ms cell phone around that time as well?
A Yes/ he was.
Q And what cell tower was that bouncing off of?
A Cell tower location was l8'75 Noble Avenue in
Bridgeport.
Q Okay.
A. Approximately a quarter mile.
10
11
Q Okay. And then I'm going to show you another

exhibit. State's Exhibit 43, what's this?
12
13
Q And what's the address on the Home Depot receipt?
14
A 133 Main Street,
15
Q What time?
16
A 2:28 p-m.
17
Q Did Mr. Steele use his cell phone around that time?
18
A He did.
19
Q I'm sorry?
20
A Yes, he did.
21
Q And did you determine what cell tower fcha-t hit off
22
It's a receipt from Home Depot/ Derby,. Connecticut.
of?
23
K X did.
24
Q And what cell tower was fchat?
25
A Cell tower was 134 Roosevelt Drive in Derby,.
26
Connecticut, approximately point six miles from the Home
27
Depot in Derby
A096
JUNE 18, 2014
57
MS , BEPKO: 03csy . S ixty-seven.
2 || BY MS. BEPKO:
3 !| Q State's exhibit 67. What's this?
4 If A Registration card from fhe Post Motor Inn in Milford;

5il Connecticut.
6 j] Q Okay. And you were aware of the time check-in?

7 II A 2:51 p.m.
8 || Q Okay> And was Mr. Steele using his cell phone at
9 || that time?
10 II A Yes, he was.
11 |j Q And what cell tower did thafc hit off of?

12 || A Cell location was 28 Orange Road in Orange/
13 II Connecticut.
14 |i Q And about how far away from the Post Motor Inn is it?
15 || A AppE'oximately point eight miles from the post Mofcor
16 If inn,
17 || Q And we have Mr. Steele is at the Super 8 Motel on
18 |j February 17. I'm sorry/ on the Supei? 8 video you observed
19 || the defendant pull up, you indicated that you believed that
20 II it was around 8:56, right?
21 || A Yes,
22 || Q But then after looking at the video, you realize it
23 j| was just a tad bit before that?
24 11 A 8:53.
25 || Q Okay. SOr around that time/ was Mr. Steele using his
26 jl phone as well?
27 A He was.
A097
JUNE 18, 2014

l]j Q And what cell fcower was it hitting .off of.at that
2 ij point?
3 li A. Cell location was 160 Wampus Lane in Milford.
4 || Q How far away from the Super 8 is that?
5 || A Approximately one mile.

6 jl Q Okay. So, after learning the proxirnity of the cell
7 || tower locations to the places that you believe that Mr.
8 It Steele was at, what does that do for your investicfation?
9 |[ I'm just going to take your notes back.
10 |S A Tt gives us a better understanding about the
11 || whereabouts of Mr. Sfceele during those dates and times.
12 |i MS. BEPKO; One moment please.
13 || No further questions. Thank you.
14 ji THE COURT: All right. I note the time is the

15 || time of "day that we take ouc afternoon break. So,
16 || this is a good time to stretcli our legs/ get
17 |i refreshed/ come back in 15 minutes and we'll continue
18 I! with cross-examination.
19 || Just stay seated until the jurors have left and
20 j| then you could step down.
21 i| (Whereupon/ the jury left the courtroom.)
22 1| THE COURT: Ail right. Fifteen minutes,
23 i| everyone.
24 (| (Wiiereupon, there was a short fecess.}
25 || THE COURT: All right. Marshal^ if you would

26 i| bring the jurors back in please.
27 X think that we should stop today about at
A098
Cross Examination Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria (6/18/14 PM T 59-61, 65-68)

JUNE 18, 2014
1 i| about a quarter of/ however/ and sooner if you finish
2 || sooner,, but if you are not finished with
3 || cross-Gixamination, I would like to stop at a quarter
4 If of.
5 I} (Whereupon,, the jury entered the
6 || courtroom.)
7 |] THE COURT: Here we go, again, one^ two, three/
8 || four/ five.
9 || . Ail right. Very well then/ we'll proceed with
10 |1 the trial.
11 || And/ Mr. Ford, you could begin
12 It cross-examination,
13 ]| MR. FORD: Thank you/ your Honor.
14 U CROSS EXAMINATION
15 II BY MR. FORD:
16 j| Q Detective/ my name is Daniel Ford and I represent
17 |j Thomas Steele. And I just have some questions for you
18 j| regarding the testimony and we'll kind of start where we
19 || left off.
20 |j We -were talking about cell sites/ and you indicated
21 j] that you contacted Sprint^ and they are out in Missouri or
22 !) Overland Park/ Kansas?
23 |] A YeSr Kansas.
24 it Q Just outside Kansas City. So and they indicated
25 || to you how kind of generally it works?

26 II A Yes*
27 Q And now/ Sprint only operates a digital cell phone
A099
JUNE 18, 2014

1 j| system^ isn't that right?
2 II A I'm not sure.
3 || Q All right. Do you know if they operate an analog
4 |] system?
5 II A I'm not sure.
6 tj Q And the phones that we use now are all digital/
7 |i right?
8 II A (Indj-cating yes.)
9 j] Q And I think you were testifying that the cell phones
10 i| connect to a particular tower/ right?
11 f| A Yes.
12 || Q And .didn't they tell you that they actually connect
13 || to more than one tower simultaneouslyr isn't that right?
14 [| ' A They did not say that.
15 |i Q They didn't say that?

16 H A No.
17 j| Q You know, because the cell phone is always looking
18 |! for the .strongest signal?
19 i| MS. BEPKO: Objection, your Honor. Is
20 |j counsel is counsel educating the jury or is he
21 [| asking a question of the witness?

22 || BY MR. FORD:
23 ii Q If you know.
24 |i THE COURT: Are you objecting to the form of the
25 |] question?
26 |i MS. BEPKO: Yes..
27 THE COURT: All righfc. As to the form^ it's
A100
JUNE 18, 2014
61
1 || sustained.
2 jj MR. 'ORD: I'll rephrase.
3 S| BY MB. FORD:
4 || Q Do you know that the cell pîone is always looking for
5 ij the strongest signal?

6 U h I cion't know if it's looking for the strongest/ no.
7 jj Q NoWr do you know that on a digital cell phonsr they
8 jt can. connect to multiple cell cites/ did you know that?
9 ]| A I did not know that.

10 || Q They didn't tell you that?
11 || A (Indicating no.)
12 jj Q And t1'ie representative at Sprint, did he tell you
13 || that fchere's things that can get in the way of a signal from
14 II a cell tower?
15 II A He did not say that.
16 |i Q Things like leaves^ weather/ did he say that?
17 li A He did not say that.

18 || Q That wind could impact the coverage of a cell site,
19 || did he say that?

20 II A He did not.
21 \\ Q And that digital cell phones have this thing called a.
22 jj soft handoff/ did be tell you what that is?
23 |[ A No.
24 i| Q Have you ever heard of the term triangulation?
25 || A I have not.
26 i| Q They didn't tell you. or explain fc'hat to you over the
27 phone?
A101
JUNE 18, 2014

1
65
"You may be seated.
2 i| . And we'll continue with the eKard-nation/
3 i| Attorney Ford.
4 fi MR. FORD: TharA you/ your Honor.
5 t! BY MR. FOKD;
6 || Q Sorry about the break/ Detective.
7 |j Going -~ let's go back to a little bit of your
8 j| background.
.9 || Where did you go to school?
10 11 A College?
11 |i Q Yes.
12. [I A Bridgewater State University.13 |i Q That's in Massachusetts?
14 i| A Yes*
15 || Q So/ you are a Patriots' fan/ I imagine?
16 |1 A Yes.
17 j| Q And any post grad work?
18 || A No.
IS Ij Q And how long I think you indicated that you worked
20 i| with the Department of Corrections?
21 i! A I did.
22 ]| Q And then with the Branford Police Departmerifc for a
23 || year/ and then since then with Seymour?
24 j[ A Sixteen years at Seymour/ yes.
25 || Q So/, you don't have any specialized training in radio
26 j| frequency engineering?
27 A I do not.
A102
JUNE .1.8., 2014 uu.
1 [i Q And any other kind of training regarding how cellular

2 || phone service works? . .
3 || A I do not.
4 II Q Other than the experience you had with the
5 |i representative with Sprint?
6 It A Yes.
7 Ij Q SOf nothing that the department put on any kind of
8 jj continuing education courses or anything like tliat?
9 (I A Not through Seymo'ur/ no.
10 |j Q Ever been-down to the FBI in Quantico to ieajrn about

11 |[ cell. phones?
12 |[ A I have not.
13 j| Q All right.. I think you stated that there was several

14 |i cell cites that were connected to Mr. Steele's phone, right?
IS !j A Yes.
16 it Q Would you agree with me that it's just connected to a
n j| phone, isn't that right?
18 li A The cell tower is connected to the phone?
19 lj Q, To the cell phone, right. It's a mobile phone?
20 11 A It's a mobile phone,. yes.
21 i! Q You would agree îfch that?

22 ji A Yes.
23 || Q It's a cell site and a cellular phono that are
24 |i connected^ isn't that right?
25 I! A That's the connection/ correct.
26 11 Q And it's unlike an old- landUne phone where you'would

27 call a particular place/ right?
A103
67
JUNE 18, 2014
^ I guess so.
; ;n'o^' ^.s, U YOU .e.e caU^ .c-, you ou^
; I . LXUH. a ^.^ - do you understand "" I

4 1| mean?
^ I think so.
;| : U.e ^ o -e ^ - -re probably""l,
\ I .JL z r^ "^, - . ceU ê. ^

A (Indicating Yestl
, .n. 1C you pic.ed up . Pê, you we.e caXXi^ a
parties W. isnlt tbat Eigh"
10
A Olcay.
11
, ^ ^,^^^-ow9 device'ace11
12
,3 8 phone, ^ ceU P.onc is transie^, i-sn.t .t.

A It could be/ yes,
14
I ' Q So, i" ^K word5' i the oeu pbone is co"Ileoted.!Q
15
^ I. ^.^ ^ ^ - doe8n-t ifc's in

I one e.ac. p..tic^ Xocation, isn't ^ .i^.
18
19
20
A I wouldn't know that.
Q You wuld not agree with that?

^ 1 doi^t ôw thatf n0'
, o^y. ^ - -^ have You been a detectiw' 'ow
21
22
23
24
25
years?
A Four years.
. Q so, you spent some time ^n pat""

?L Yes.
Q ^ o.ld you ev.. pull over an xndxviduaX to. ^
26
, 11 '^ in - "hue tamng on a cel1 phone?l
7 i
A104
JUNE 18, 2014

1 II A 1 could have/. I don't recall.
2 || Q Bufc you don't recall?

3 ii A -(Indicating no.)
4 || Q But your colleagues/ have they ever pulled anyone
5 || over -for talking on a cell phone?
6 11 A I'm sure they have.
*7 ]| Q And so/ in that situation/ if the car is moving^ the
8 |1 phone is moving, right/ it's not in one particular spot?
91} J^ Yes.
10 if Q Ail right. You indicated one of the cell cites that
11 j| it was connected to was at 1875 Noble Avenue/ do you recall
12 !| that?
13 JI A Noble Avenue,. yes.
14 || Q Would you agree with me if I told you thatTs

15 i[ Beardsley Zoo in Bridgeporfc, Connecticut?
16 || A Okay.
17 |j Q Did you happen to go to any of those addresses of the
18 It cell cites?
19 !! A No.
20 1} Q LetTs talk about Wardell Eaddy for a little bit.
21 || You spoke to Wardell Eaddy/ righfc?
22 || A Yes.
23 |j Q At the time you spoke to him,- did you know that he

24 i| had a felony conviction for robbery in the first degree?
25 |i That's a yes?
26 ||- A Yes.
27 Q And did he did .that raise your awareness a little
At 05
Motion to Strike Detective Dltria's Testimony Regarding Cell-Phone Evidence
(6/18/14PMT 62-64)
JUNE 18, 2014
1
2
62
A No.
MR. FORD: Your Honor/ I would like to make a
motion/ I think/ outside the presence of-the jury if
the Court would oblige me?
THE COURT: All right. Certainly.
Ladies and gentlemen/ if you would step outside
7
8
9
briefly/ We*11 bring you back. after argument.

(Whereupon/ the jury left the courtroom.}
MR. FORD^ Your Honorr I would just ask the
10
Court to consider striking the Detective's testimony
11
regarding the cell phone cove.rage * I don't think
12
he's a radio frequency engineer. He was testifying
13
that there was a cell phone being connected to a
14
particular cell site/ that might be true, and you
15
could ascertain that through the records*
16
THE COURT: Let me have the record please.
17
MR. H'ORD: But the fact remains that there is
18
more science to that, and it's not, it is not
19
definitive as to
20
THE COURT: Well/ it may or may not be, I don't
21
know. I will say that my ruling was based on the
22
fact that/ as the exhibit was being somewhat
23
published, and from my past experience/ is that all
24
he did was that he obtained, data 03^ information. So/
25
he did not render an opinion, he was interpreting the
26
records from the data. And just like any.other data,
27
he was told or given some information on how to
A106
JUNE 18, 2014
interpret it and he testified that that1s how he
interpreted the time and place. There was never any
offer that he is an expert and he did not offer any
opinions. He is simply interpreting or translating
the data that was given to him. And when I looked at
the call site locations which states the just some
basic information regarding it/ I see that he
highlighted certain areas and/ again/ it was just an
interpretation of the data,, which this is a record.
10
So, I suppose my response would be that if
11
tha-t he wasn't offered as an experts So, you know,.
12
all these other issues may or may not be true/ but
13
perhaps that should be offered and to counterbalance
14
thro-ugh expert,. 1 don't know. Bufc^ as say/ it is a
15
translation of the data that he obtained and the
16
foundation was laid as to. how he came to that
17
informatJLon. So/ I donrfc really I don't Jcnow if
18
the State would liXe to add anything as far as -" I
19
didn't mean to cut you off/ but*
20
MS. BEPKO: No, your Hondr, I agree with
21
everything that the Court has offered. Additionally^
22
it just goes to the weight of his testimony. He did.
23
indicate that he's not an expert, in fact/ I believe
24
he said that at the beginning^ he wasn't sure how to
25
do it/ he had to be taught how to do it/ and by
26
looking at the records, he determined that there-were
27
certain locations of cell towers that are c-lose to
At 07
JUNE 18, 2014
places that he had determined that the defendant was
at. He's not asked for any. pai^ticularized to
interpret any kind of particular scientific
knowledge. He only demonstrated a basic
understanding of how a cell phone tower works and
really only indicated that a cell phone needs a tower
to actually work/ not how it wor^s.
8
9
So/ the State would just ask that the objection

be overruled and the motion denied.
10
THE COURT: All right.
11
MR. FORD: I'll claim it for the record/ your
12
Honor.
13
THE COURT: All right.
14
MR. FORO: But if the Cowt, X would like to
15
continue to inquire as to some of his education, that
16
he is not ati engineer^ that he doesn't have any
17
working knowledge.
18
THE COURT: And I think fchat's perfectly fine
19
under cross-examin&tion, under this/ so I certainly
20
would not stop you from making that inquiry of this
21
witness/ all right?
22
MR. FORD: Thank: you, your Honor.
23
THE COURT: Thank, you.
24
B3:ing in the jury-
25
26
27
(Whereupon/, the jury entered the

courtroom.)
THE COURT: Thank you^ ladies and gentlemen.
A108
Sprint
>
\
Sprint Brandon White

Corporate Security Subpoena Specialist
Mailstop KSOPHM0206
6480 Sprint Parkway
Overiand Park, KS 66251
Office: 913-315-1689 Fax: 816-600-3111
E-mail: brandon.x.whifce@sprin.com
3/22/2013
Stevan Ditria
Seymour Police Department
11 Franklin St
Seymour/ CT 06483
Your Case Number: 13995
Sprint Case Number: 2013-077617
Dear Stevan Ditria/
Pursuant to the above-referenced case, I am enclosing the requested information
for the specified time period associated with the following number(s).
Should you have any questions or further inquiries, please contact the Sprint
Subpoena Compliance Group at 800-877-7330.
Sincerely,
Brandon White
Subpoena Compliance
Sprint Corporate Security
brandon.x.white@sprint.com
913-315-1689
Enclosures
^Notice: If the records contained in the attached package are utilized in trial proceedings, and if you
require a records custodian for autlienEicafclon, be advised Sprint does not have local representatives.
Sprint's Trial Team is located at our Corporate Headquarters tn Overiand Park, Kansas. You wili need to
contact the Triai Team at CSTriaSTeam@Sprint.com or call our office at: 800-877-7330. Our office wlil
require at least two-weeks notice in addition to pre-paid travel arrangements by your office.
Sprint L-Site
Sprinfc has an infceractive web tool forJaw enforcement; known as L-Site. If you are unfamilfar with L-Sifce
and wish to obtain further EnformaUon, please send an email to: L-Site@Sprint.com.
A109
Sprint Requested Xnformation

Sprint Case #: 2013-077617
Reference Case #: 13995
Please be advised: Call detail reports for Sprint CDMA during the time
frames of 10-6-11 to 1-14-12 may have been affected bv storage
related issues. This includes, but is not limited to. Voice calls. SMS
transmissions and data transmissions. Records are being produced from
our systems as they are. Bill reprints will be provided for post-paid
accounts. New legal requests may be submitted at a later date if you
require. Please do not re submit these requests until after 4/1/2013. For
questions or concerns, please contact vour analyst bv email for further
information.
Request Type: CDR
Date Range: 2/14/2013 to 2/20/2013

Subject: Number: 2039548238
Comments: Please see the attached documents.
Request Type: Direct Connect CDR
Date Range: 2/14/2013 to 2/20/2013

Subject Number: 2039548238
Comments:
No records were found for this number during the requested time period,
Request Type: Subscription Info (Basic)
Date Range: 2/14/2013 to 2/20/2013

Subject Number; 2039548238
Comments:
iK^^^;*^^*++^^4:+** ACCOUNT DETAILS *********************
Billing Account Number (BAN): 299313913

Account Establish Date: 2/9/2011
Account Expiration (Cancel) Date: Active through Date Searched
Account Billing Address(es):
Effective: 2/9/2011
LUIS STEELE
9 4TH ST
ANSONIA/ CT 06401
Account Contact Numbers:
Phone: 2037327899 Active Date: 3/14/2013
^ **** ;:**4:*** ^ ++4; SUBSCRIBER DETAILS *****************:+:***
SubscriberID; 58178332008
Personal Telephone Number (PTN / MDN)
2039548238 Status Date: 2/9/2011 1:31:52 PM Status: A
A110
Media Access Control Identifier
(MAUD) Effective
NO DATA FOUND
Urban Fleet Mobile Identifier
(UFMI) Effective
NO DATA FOUND
Non iDEN Direcfc Connect / Push to Talk
Effective
NO DATA FOUND
Internet Profcocol (IP) Address
NO DATA FOUND
Network Access Identifier
(NAI)
A0000031E29C55@MDATA.VMOBL.COM Status Date: 2/9/2011 1:31:52 PM

Status: A
**^;**;**^;**^;*4;**4!*
International Mobile Subscriber Identity(s) (IMSI)

NO DATA FOUND
Universal Integrated Circuit Card(s) (UICC)
NO DATA FOUND
Mobile Station Identification Number(s) (MSID)

000002032397170 Status Date: 2/9/2011 1:31:52 PM Status: A
Subscriber Identity Moduie(s) (SIM)
NO DATA FOUND
Electronic Serial Number (ESN/MSN)
268435460914851157 Effective: 2/17/2013 Expiration: Status:
268435456416614335 Effective: 11/30/2012 Expiration: 2/17/2013
Status: C
International Mobile Station Equipment Identity (IMEI)
NO DATA FOUND
*+;*** ****;^^*p^^YU RES****** ***********
Anytime Minutes Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:

Basic Private Label Solut Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration;
CalierID Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:

CDMA High Speed Data Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:
International Calling Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:
Picture Mail Service Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:
SMS Text Messages Effective: 2/14/2013 Expirafcion:
Sprint 3G Data Servrces Effective;, 2/14/2013 Expirafcion:
BEdeo Mail Effective: 2/14/2013 Expiration:
A111
Anytime Minutes EffecUve: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013

Video Mail Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
Sprint 3G Data Services Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
SMS Text Messages Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
Picture Mail Service Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
International Calling Effective; 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
CDMA High Speed Data Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
Caller ID Effective: 1/14/2013 Expiration: 2/14/2013
Request Type: Switch/Cell Site (Historic)

Date Range: 2/14/2013 to 2/20/2013
Subject Number: 2039548238
Comments: Please see the attached documents.
*Search results indicate one or more of the numbers listed on the above-referenced legal
demand may belong to 3 Sprint prepaid phone service. Our office maintains subscriber
information for prepaid accounts/ but this information is often inaccurate or Incomplete, as
no identification is required when purchasing a prepaid phone. Payment information is also
available for prepaid accounts. However, this information/ while accurate, may not be
complete. No bill reprints are available for prepaid accounts. We are able to provide call
detail records for IDEN and CDMA prepaid accounts for the most recent 3.8-24-month period.
A112
\
Sprint j^
Sprint
Corporate Security
Maiistop; KSOPHM0206
6480 Sprint Parkway
Overland Park, KS 66251
913-315-0660
Fax: 816-600-3111
Star Codes
Your request has been fulfilled, at leasfc in part/ by what is known as a
CDMA CDR Report. A CDMA CDR Report lists information about
incoming/outgoing calls including the digits dialed on the handset. As
a dialing shortcut, PCS subscribers may use star codes (an asterisk (*}
plus a short number sequence) when using our wireless telephones.
On call detail reports the star may be indicated by a letter "B", This
code will appear in the dialed digifcs column of the CDMA CDR Report.
Fotfowing is a list of the most common star codes. Additional star
codes may exist in the market from which the call is made. Please
contact the Subpoena Compliance Group at the number listed above for
more information concerning star codes.
*18 - Ping the nearest tower, call delivery activate
*180 - Call delivery deacfclvate
*2 - Customer Care
*3 - Payment Center
*31 - Three Way Calling
*4 - Account Information
*5 - Spanish Customer care
*67 - Caller ID block

*68 - Override caller ID block
*70 - Cancel call waiting for that call
*711 - Customer Care
*72 " Activates call forwarding
*720 - Deactivafces call forwarding
*73 " Call forwarding no answer
*74 - CaEi forward busy
*811 " Customer Care
*82 " Override caller ID block- for that ca!l
*9U -911
*073 - Cancel call forward no answer
*074 " Cancel call forward busy
Other numbers which may appear in the dialed digits column :

411 - Directory assistance
611 - Customer Care
711 - Teiecommunicatlons Relay Service Chea ring Empafred)
911 - Can also dial 0911 or 1911)

c777 - Web Browsing (SINS)
A113
<-{iQ
^^[S
c&
.? {
Sprint j^
cî(^^
/^-c?
ê ^
Sector Layout:
Sprint (CDMA) and Nextel (iDEN) cell sites can be set-up in a variety of ways. Antennas may
be placed on different structures such as buildings, towers, water tanks, etc. Also, not every cell
site has three sectors. Some may have two sectors or may be omni sites, (Omni sites do not
have sectors). The direction that the sector faces depends on the need for coverage in a
particular area.
The Sprint (CDMA) network contains towers that have one of two labeling schemas to indicate
the direction that the azimuths face.
I. Nortel towers use the number 1 to indicate an alpha sector, number 2 to indicate
the beta sector, and number 3 to indicate the gamma sector of a standard three
sector mono-pole configuration.
II. Lucent towers use the number 2 to indicate an alpha sector, number 3 to indicate
the beta sector, and number 4 to indicate the gamma sector of a standard three
sector mono-pole configuration.
Sprint CDMA Sector Orientation
Nortel
2
3
Lucent
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
3
4
The Nextcl (iDEN) n&twork only utilizes Motorola technology where as the CDMA network
uses technologies from Nortel, Lucent (and Motorola).
A114
RECEIVING RECORDS IN ELECTRONIC FORMAT

Your request has been satisfied, at least in part^ by records furnished on compact disc (CD)
or via e-mail, Sprint uses CDs when the response is particularly voluminous or If records are
requested in electronic format. Once ^recorded" the CD cannot be deleted/ re-recorded or
appended. Information on CD is normalty In one of three formats;
RICH TEXT FORMAT (RTF)

These files are text files readable by any word processor such as Microsoft Word/Works or
Wordperfect. Generally, we use this format for letters, summaries and explanatory
documents. To retrieve these documents/ open your word processor of choice then use the
open file command (normaliy listed under File in the Window Menu bar). Navigate to the
drive containing the CD and double click on the fife name. While you may not manipulate
the file and re-save directly on the CD/ It may be manipulated and re-saved elsewhere.
SPREADSHEET FILES (XLS or CSV)

These files are normally used for longer items such as the call detail reports or a listing of all
cell sites associated with a particular switch/repoll. We use Microsoft Excel to generate these
files and recommend that product for viewing them. To retrieve these documents/ open
your spreadsheet program of choice then use the open file command (normally listed under
File in the Window Menu bar), Navigate to the drive containing the CD and double click on
the file name. These files may be uploaded to products such as PenLink in either CSV or XLS
format. Pfease see your program documentgtion for assistance. While you may not
manipulate the file and re-save directly on the CD/ i may be manipulated and re-saved
elsewhere,
TAGGED IMAGE FORMAT (TIF or TIFF)

This format is used for stored bilfs and for print cuts from our customer service/billing
system. All Windows based machines come with TIF viewers but accessing the viewer
software may be unfamiliar. To retrieve these documents^ open the My Computer folder on
your desktop or Open the Windows Explorer (not Internet Explorer). Navigate to the drive
containing the CD and RIGHT click on the fi!e name. This wilt open a menu. Choose "OPEN
WITH." A new dialog box will open. Look for applications th3t do Imaging, The most
common are "Imaging", "Imaging Preview"/ "Microsoft Imaging", "Kodak Imaging" and
Microsoft Office Document Imaging." Single click on your choice and also click on the check
box which says, "Always use this program to open these files." This will set the program as
your default and next time you need to open a TIF file, you may just double click on the
desired document. Once open/ most TIF viewers only display fche current page. To go to the
next page/ use the page up/down keys on your computer keyboard or look for helper arrows.
You may also wish to peruse the Help feature offered !n every Windows based program.
Please note: these files may not normally be uploaded to products such as PenLink since
they are not open for manipulation. Please see your program documentation for assistance.
You may also receive files In a bundled, WinZip format (ZIP). These files contain other files
(of the three types listed above). Zipped files are used to save space on particularly large
requests. To open a ZIP file, open the My Computer folder on your desktop or Open the
Windows Explorer (not Internet ExpEorer). Navigate to the drive containing the CD and
double click on the file name. If this does not work, return to the folder containing your
document and RIGHT click on the file name. This will open a menu. Choose "OPEN WITH."
A new dialog box will open. Look for applications that do zipping. The most common is
"WinZip." Single click on your choice and also ciick on the check box which says/ "Always use
this program to open these fi)es./f This will set the program as your default and next time
you need to open a ZIP file, you may just double dick on the desired document. Please feel
free to contact the Sprint Subpoena Compliance Department for further assistance:
800-877-7330.
A115
IBtM^SiM
NORTEL
NORTEL
SAMSUNO
LUCENT
SAMSUNG
LUCENT
SAMSUNG
-NORTUZ
_NORTEL_
NORTEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
SAMSUNG"
NORTEt
SAMSUNG
NORTEL
NORTEL_
NORTEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
SAMSUNG
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
!^<^
'^^SSSse^^^M
1
2
-3
T
T'
6.
8
9
10-
TT
~12~
13
~^~
15"
~w
IT
18-
~w
2(T
21
-22~
~23~
"ERICCSSON
24-
ERiCCSSON
ERICCSSON
SAMSUNG
NORTEL
"ERICCSSON
ERICCSSON
ERICCSSON
25
26
~26~
~w
~28~
"29"30"
BRICCSSON
-3T
"ERiCCSSON
~33~
ERICCSSON
ERICCSSON
ERICCSSON
ERICCSSON
ERiCCSSON
LUCENT
NORTEL
LUCENT
TOCEN-T
~34~
LUCENT
TOCENT
NORTEL
NORTEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
32-:
-35~
~36'
-37~
'38'
1F
~40'
41
"42"
-43~
~45
-46~
47'48"
"50'
^^^^^2lASSSS;>%i:^^^^^^7y?s?;B?-?s^^&^KiK^!SsSsIAS^?S^
^hicaCjO - Bridgeview 1 (Chicago S.)
(ansas City 1 - Lenexa l
itockton 1 WSS'CA"
,A Unwired (Lwdonderry, /v^(Affltiate) "D"
iayamon 1 WSS
ianta Maria "D"
iayamon 2 WSS
^r'lZOn PCS (Erie, P/lXAffiIiate)
Cansas City 2 - Lenexa 2

^hicaflO - Aurora
iOSton - Waipole 2
ian Francisco - Santa ciara
iuffalol NYWSS
?UertO RiCO - sayamon 1
Cheyenne 1 WY WS8 "

lOriZOn PCS Oohnson City, TN) (AffitEafce)
ampa - Fort Meyers
lorJZOn PCS (Wwnesboro. VA 2 XAffiliate) "D"

lan Diego 3 - carisbad z
low York - Long Island City i
loTforkT
acoma 1 WSS
>FW " Dallas 1
lammond 1
l^mmond 2
-tlanta 1 GA NWV
:ansasCity1NWV -
t Worth 1TXNWV
maha 1 NE WSS_
^lahoma City
t Worth 2 TX NWV
louston 2 NWV
!ashvliie-i TN NWV
liamMFLNWV"
'envor 1 - engiewood, co
triando-1 FL NWV
rlando 2 FL NWV
tlanta 2 GA NWV
ash\/ifie2 TN NWVhoenix AR NWV
ansas City 2 MO NWV--
Nt^Chariotte NC
ttle Rock
OFFNorfolirVA"
AL-Morrisviiie 1 NC
AL:Mbrrisvl!le2~NC
m aha
OriZOn PCS (Charieston, WV) (Affiliate)
IC-Richmond
awaii
63 Moines - Urbaiitiale
8
A116
^fhoncilSwitcti
^RORTEL
NORTEL^
NORTEL
LUCENT
NORTEL
NORTEL
SAMSUNG
52
55
60
~g3-
"72
^hicaao IL-CHCGILFFCAG WSS
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
SAMSUNG
75
"NORTEL
LUCENT
"LUCENT
LUCENT_
LUCENT
LUCENT.
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT_
"LUCENT
"LUCENT
~JK
~62
w
~92
-93
~M_
97
98
^9
100
~w
102"
Austin 1
ôachdafe IN- RCDLINAACA1 WSS
ian Antonio 1
3FW " Ft, Worth 1
^kron OH- AKRNOHUCA5 WSS 1

iQLJstonlTXNWV.
Jew Orleans - icenner "D"
^naheim SWAT
Kansas City SWAT
llamosa PCS (Appleton, lV/;(Aff[Nate) "D"
Charleston 2 Nteios
103
Sacramento
lorizon PCS {Waynesboro, VA 1) 2 (Affiliate)
106
lan Diego 2 - carisbad i
^04~
1QZ-
1Q8109T(0~
-T13~
116
TT7~
12CT
123
LUCENT,
"LUCENT
~} 45"
N/A
-153-
137-
152~T54~
LUCENT
TUCENT
-159~
"NORTEL"
i71
NORTEL
N/A
^QiumbUS, OH - Worthington
Cincinnati-Shsronville
144
LUCENT
it. LOUIS 1 - Maryland Heights
w_
-81
LUCENT
"NORTEL
PCS (Davenport, IA) (Affiliate)
Chicago - Arlington Heights 2 (Chicago N.)
^130"
LUCENT
it. LOUIS 2 - Maryland Heights
"79
TOCENT
NORTEL
~N/A~
MaiDOSa PCS OeffCity, MO) (Aftiltate) "D"
iirmingham
~7\
NORTEL
SAMSUNG
^mccssoN_
NORTEL
N/A
N/A
i/linneapolis 1
Minneapolis 2
l5_
"70
-MORTEL
"NORTEL
Northern PCS (St. cloud, MN) (Affiliate)
166
170
173^75~
^\w
181
os Angeles. - Ontario 2
)C - Beltsultle 3
IblQUlTel (Reno, /Vl/XAffHiate)

'Ortland 1 - Tigard
êstbury Tandem Gateway

lhQen)K3-_.Rosner l
IbjcjUiTel (Spokane) (Affiliate)

Jamosa PCS (Beaver Creek, OR; (Affiliate) "D"
hentei (Edinburg, ^(Aff (Hate)
'hoenix 1
.ait Lake City

iamosa PCS (Phoenix)(WWate) "0"
an Francisco - Oakland
lilwaukee 2" New Berlin 2
an FranciSCO - Brisbane I
/estburySWAT
pnngfield SWAT
an Francisco - Brisbane z
eattie" Redmond i
an Francisco - santa Rosa
)CS - Kesntwood (^GrancS Rapids, MI) (Affiliate)

Gtroit 4 " Lanstng 2
idianapolis
3uisv(lle
IkrEdge Airave
A117
JIRm^SWRI
N/A
N/A
NORTEL
NORTEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
NORTEL
SAMSUNG
_^^^
LUCENT
NORTEL
LUCENT
~\Q2
^83
185
191
"We
205
206
Phoenix Airave
Ft Worth Airave
VIiami 1
Mas hvi! Ie
Detroit 1
Vlilwaukee " New Berlin i
Detroit 3 - Lansing 1
~2ff7~
Flaleigh - Momsviiie 2
"208-
Cleveland 1
209
212
214
218
^kron AKRNOHIJCA5 WSS 2

Detroit 2
IPCS - Kentwood (Grand Rapids, ?) Âffiliate) "D"

VIiami 3 - Oeerffeld Beach
-223-
3ittsburgh -1
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
"230-
Philadelphia 1 - Pennseiuken 1
Philadelphia 3 " Pennsauke^l
LUCENT
LUCENT
241
244
-A UUWJred (Shreveport, LA 2) (Affiliate)
TOCENT"
TOCENT
N/A
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEt
7*JORtEL
LUCENT
NORTEL
"LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
"LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
'23F
^JeW York - long Island City 2
-233-
-A Unwired (shmveport, LA i) (Affiliate)
"240"
-iartford-Wallfngfoni t
245
247
253
^54
262
266
~267
268
269
270
~w\
^73-
-A Unwired (Albany 2;(AfflUate)

Boston - wafpoie i
Manhattan SWAT
30StOn - Woburn 1
Mew York - westbury i
-(OUSton - Westtand 1
-jOUSton ~ Fallsfeone 2 (Houston South 2)
-os Angeles' Santa Fe Springs 1
Â Unwired {Montgomery, AL} (Affiliate) "D"
Rochester
êW York - Long Island City 3
-.OS Angeles - Santa Fe Springs 1
277
Mbany 1
278
3an Antonio - scherte i

JbiquFTel (Fresno, CA) (Affiliate)
^80
284
~290-
291
292
293
"294
295
296
ÎeW York - Westbury 2

^W York - Teterboro 1
ims1 - Text Messaging

ims2 - Text Messaging
ms3 - Text Messaging
ims4 /sms13- Text Messaging
sms5 - TeKt Messaging "D"
ims6 - Text Messaging "D"
ims7 - Text Messaging "D"
-N/A
~N/A
~WT
NORTEL
"soe"
Chicago - Arlinston Heights 1 (Chicago S.)
^34~
3reenvitie_2
N/A
N/A
340
TOCENt
~N/A
-N/A-
N/A
298
^4T
~342
343
~344-
>ms8 - Text Messaging "D"
^Jorcross SWAT
::ort Worth SWAT3rovi!!e SWAT
îkridge SWAT
Mando SWAT
10
A118
liRiHoWSwttctii
N/A
N/A
os
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
LUCENT
345
346
351
~353-
^57
359
Chicago SWAT
Satsunna SWAT
Lenexa OS
Las Vegas 1
PhttacfetphJa 4 " Pennsauken 2
DFW - Fort Worth 3
"400
DC/Baltimore - Hanover i
LUCENT
LUCENT
~420
Connecticut - Wallingford 2
421
Boston - Wobum 2 .
LUCENT"
'425'
New York " Teterboro 3/Sranchburg 1
LUCENT
427
432
Buffalo " Cheetowaga
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
LUCENT
TUClNf
~434"
~436
DC/Baftimore - Hanover 2
442
Horizon PCS (Ft. Wayne, IN i) (Affiliate)
-440
'448-
449
464
-.^
NORTEL
-476-
TOCENT
"LUCENT
N/A
-N/A
N/A
N/A
î7A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
~N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
474
^02
504
506
507
508
-509-
510
511
^5i2
513
~5W
515
516
-^y
518
519
-520-
521
522
-523-
"524
~N/A
525
N/A
N/A
~WA
-526-
N/A
-529-
N/A
-N/A
DC - Beltsville 2
438
NORTEL
NORTEL
LUCENT
DC - Bettsvllie 1
Gulf Coast WireleSS (Baton Rouge, LA) (Affiliate)
"527
528
530
531
Pittsburgh 2
Philadelphia 2
Phoenix 2
Miami 2
DFW - Dallas 2
Denver 2 - Engjewood 2
San Antonio 2
Seattle - Redmond 2
New York - Teterboro 2
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMSRepolE'
SMS Repofi
SMS RepolE
SMS Repoli
SMS Repoli
SMSRepoif
SMS Repol!
SMS Repoli
SMSRepoll
SMS Repoll
SMS Repol!
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoli
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMSRepoT
SMS Repoll
SMS Repo!)
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMS Repoll
SMS RepoSI
11
A119
pBKoneiSwitcHI
N/A
N/A
LUCENT
LUCENT
532
-533-
"505
541
LUCENT
MORTEL
LUCENT
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
"546
"553
NORTEL
NORTEL
^70
"NORTEL
N/A
NORTEL
~N/A
N/A
N/A
~WA
NORTEL
"NORTEL
LUCENT
NORTEL
"NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
TUCENT
LUCENT
"NORtEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
LUCENT
.LUCENT
TUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
-NORfEL-
"NORTEt
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
NORTEL
LUCENT"
TUCENT
LUCENT
NORTEL
LUCENT
554
558
559
561
"564
565
-566
^67
568
588
-600
601
601
602
-Q^
604
604
~606
607
622
623
624
~G2Q
630
631
633
634
636
638
639
-640-
642
644
SMS Repdi
SMS Repol!
UbiquiTei (Boise, ^(Affiiratej
NJew York - Hsrrison
DC " eikridge
Raleigh - MorrtsvUEe 1
-A Unwired (Jackson, MS i) (Afffiiats)
Richmond 1
3riando 1
Atlanta - Korcross i
Vlemphis 1
3rlando 2
-louston - Fallstone 1 (Houston South 1)
Rio Grand Vaitey" McAiien

-iOUston ~ Vantage 1 (Houston North 1} "D"
-iOUSton Vantage 2 (Houston North 2)
3harlolte 1
M rave
<noxvE!le 1
M rave
Mrave
;\irave
(\irave
Jacksonvilie 1
fampa1
(\irgate PCS (GreenvWe, SC1) CAffiliate)
Atlanta - Rosweii i
Chicago - Brldgevlew 2 (Chicago S.)
Atlanta - Rosweii 2
Mamosa PCS (Oklahoma City){ Affiliate) "D"
3eorgia PCS (MaconKAtWate) "D"

Mrgate (Columbia, sc i) (Affiliate)
Honolulu -Moanalua 1
Enterprise Corn m. (Columbus, GA)(MfWate) "D"
San Diego 1
..os Angeies - xrvine i (Grange County)
-os Angeles" Burbank 2 (Los Angeies North, LA3)
-os Angefes - Ontario i
.os Angeles - irvine 2 (Los Angeles South, LA 1)
-os Angeles - Burbank i (Los Angeles North, LA 2)
-648-
SWlftei (BrooMngs, SO j(J(AffiUate)
649
650
652
654
655
656
<ansas City 3 " independence 1
-678-
679
~680-
688
"690
Mamosa PCS (Eipaso) (Affiiiato)

MamOSa PCS (Laredo) (Affitiatei) "D"
Mamosa PCS (Albuquerque) (Affiliate) "D"
3FW- Fort Worth 2
MamOSa PCS (iubbock) (AffHiate)
Manhattan Tandem Gateway

^JeW York - Manhattan 2
MOW York - Manhattan I
PCS (Gridley, IL) (Affiliate) "D"
ajrgate PCS (Columbia, SC2) (Affiliate)
12
A120
NORTEL
NORTEL
LUCENT
LUCENT
-69T
692
"G93
Houston - Westiand 2
Austin 2
UbiquiTel/w3M5<////e, ;/V;(Affillate} "D"
Waliingford 3 "Deactivated"
13
A121
Key to Understanding CDMA Call Detail Reports

Calling number: This column reflects the number placing the call (the
individual who initiated the call). If the call is an
outgoing call/ this will be the Sprint PCS target number.
Called number:
This column reflects the number actually called. In

most cases this number w'f!l be the same as the number
in the "Dialed Digits" coiumn, If the number has been

forwarded/ or if there is a routing number, then this will
be reflected. If the number has a 11 in front of the area
code, that means the call roiied to voicemail and was
NOT answered by the customer.
Dialed digits:
M_R#:
This column reflects the digits that the caller enters into
the keypad of the phone. If the call is an incoming cafl/
this will be the Sprint PCS target number.
Mobile Roie (Type of Call). Listed as outgoing,
incoming/ routed call or undetermined.
Start Date:
Date and time the calf was Initiated.
End Date:
Date and time the call was ended.
Duration:
Duration of call/ in seconds.
Repoll number: This reflects which phone switch handled the call.
First Cell:
Specific cell site in which the call was initiated. The

first digit reflects the sector. The last 3-4 digits
represent the site number. (See attached "Three Sector
Layout" page for sector orientation.) For example/ if
the number En the column reads 2083, the cell site is

083 and the sector is 2.
Last Cell:
Specific cell site in which the call was ended. The first
digit reflects the sector. The last 3-4 digits represent
the site number.. (See attached "Three Sector
Layout" page for sector orientation.) For example, if
the number in the column reads 2083, the cell site is

083 and the sector is 2.
A122
Key to Understanding CDMA Call Detail Reports

Calling number: This column reflects the number placing the call (the
individual who initiated the call). If the call is an
outgoing call/ this wil! be the Sprinfc PCS target number.
Called number:
This column reflects the number actually called. In

most cases this number will be the same as the number
in the "Dialed Digits" column. If the number has been
forwarded, or if there is a routing number, then this will
be reflected. If the number has a 11 in front of the area
code, that means the cali rolled to voicemaif and was
NOT answered by the customer.
Dialed digits:
This column reflects the digits that the caller enters into
the keypad of the phone. If the call is an incoming call,
this will be the Sprint PCS target number.
MR #:
Mobile Role (Type of Call). Listed as outgoing/

incoming/ routed call or undetermined.
Start Date;
Date and time the call was initiated.
End Dates
Date and time the cal! was ended.
Duration;
Duration of call/ in seconds.
Repoll number: This reflects which phone switch handled the call
First Cell;
Specific cell site in which the ca!i was Initiated, The

first digit reflects the sector. The last 3-4 digits
represent the site number. (See attached "Three Sector
Layout" page for sector orientation.) For example/if
the number in the coiumn reads 2083, the cell site is

083 and the sector is 2,
Last Cells
Specific cell site in which the call was ended. The first
digit reflects the sector. The last 3-4 digits represent
the site number.. (See attached "Three Sector Layout"
page for sector orientation.) For example/ if the number
in the column reads 2083, the cell site is 083 and the
sector is 2,
A123
Key to Understanding CDMA Call Detail Reports, cont*Routed calls come in two main varieties. The first, also known as Temporary
Local Directory Number (TLDN). They may be considered to be bridge/router
numbers to complete a ca!l. The second is when a call in not answered^ but is
routed to voicemail. Calls routed straight to voicemail will also have an "11"
before the number indicated in the "CaliecLNbr" column. For handsets using
visual voicemail/ these numbers may replace the "11" in the called number
column: (800) 877-2400, (866) 677-8204, (866) 222-2604, and (877)
836-4746, The indicator that Sprint's Visual Voicemail platform was used within
the session appears as 624500000XXXXXXX.
*The CDMA call detail report may indicate the sending and receipt of text
messages and e-mail. While not flagged as text messages, the line will indicate
no duration, the dialed digits column will either be blank or will show an e-mail
address^ and the repoll coiumn may contain one of the following numbers: 13;
291-298; 347; 506-533; 681-684; 686-688.
* On the CDMA network/ Sprint maintains Gateway and SWAT (Soft Wireless
Access Tandem) networks in areas where there are large Sprint customer
populations. These provide the required extra space that helps Sprint maintain
all of the calls. When a call moves through a gateway or SWAT ce!l site
information is not retained and is not recoverable.
*Please be advised that as of October 12, 2010, all CDMA CDR (Cali Detail
Record) text message time stamps are kept in Central time zone. Records prior to
October 12, 2010 are either in Central or Eastern time zone. Sprint is unable to
determine which time zone is reflected in records older than October 12, 2010,
*Shorfc codes/ also known as short: numbers/ are special telephone codes/
significantly shorter than full telephone numbers/ which can also be used to
address SMS and MMS messages from mobile phones or fixed phones. Short
codes are often associated with automated services. An automated program can
handle the response and typicaliy requires the sender to start the message with a
command word or prefix. A list of short codes is not maintained by Sprint as
number of short codes is extensive and constantly growing. Example of a short
code- the customer may want updates pertaining to their favorite sports team.
The customer wouid sign up with that team in order to receive text message
updates relevant to the team.
At 24
CDMA Network Changes

Changes are currently taking place to Sprint's CDMA network due to the addition of new
network elements and new technologies. During this time, thsre may be some incongruity
on caii reports. Sprint's Engineering Department is currently engaged on these issues.
Network Vision
The technology used by the Network Vision is an advancement upon the existing Sprint 3G
network. Part of the Network Vision Plan is to create additional and convert pre-existing ceil
towers to support the network traffic. Sprint is currently updatlng/adding new switches and
cell sites. Network Vision will provide a better experience for Sprint customers.
During this time of continual change with She Sprint CDMA network. Sprint Legal Compiignce
will provide requesters with cell towers that are fisted as ^'pending" along with towers that
are listed as "active" on the Sprint cell site lists. Ceil site lists are updated monthly.
Therefore, sites that state "pending" may actually be "active" at the time records/cell site lists
are released.
Current Vision Network Elements are:
_Akron OH
Akron OH
Atlanta GA
.AUanta GA
JBayampn PR.
Bayamon PR
Buffalo NY
Charlotte NC
Cheyenne WY
Chicaao IL
422
426
93
209
431
440
35
425
426
427
426
424
420
24
11
39
13
72
Fb Worth TX
Ft: Worth TX
Hawaii
Houston TX
Houston TX
Kansas CEfcv MO
Kansas Citv MO
Miami FL
Morrisvilie NC
Morrisvifle NC
433
434
449
423
435
432
443
437
446
447
26
28
48
94
29
25
38
31
42
43
Nashville TN
Nashville TN
Norfolk VA
Omaha NE
Oriando FL
Ortando FL
Phoentx AZ
Richmond VA
Stockton CA
Tacoma WA
436
441
445
425
438
439
442
448
424
513
30
36
41
26
33
34
37
47
20
*Not all network elements are currently active. *
FAQ's:
Akron/ Ohio is currently working in tandem with the Chicago Vision Repotl.
The time zone indicated in the CDR (ca!! detail records) wiif be derived from the
switch. Therefore, the time stamps for call detail records with Repoil 93/NEID 422
(Akron switch) wilt reflect the Eastern Time Zone and the time stamps for call detail
records with Repol! 72/NEID 420 (Chicago switch) will reflect the Central Time Zone.
Tacoma, Washington is currently working in tandem with the Stockton Vision RepoH.
Bayamon 2 is currently working in tandem with the Bayamon 1 Vision Repoll.
A125
4G Data
Sprint is also investing in 4G data services speeds with both LTE and
WiMax. The network is always looking for the best possible service for
customer handsets/ tablets and data cards. With that said/ IP connection
records may be produced from one of three reports. These reports are
called:
3G IPDR" third generation data provided on handsets, tablets and data
cards
WiMAX- fourth generation data which provides faster data retrieval to
Sprint customers
LTE/eHRPD- LTE is another type of fourth generation data. LTE stands

for Long Term Evolution eHRPD is a process that helps assist: in the
handoffs from one dafca technology to another.
Currently/ 4G data connections are used by Sprint customers that have

Smart phones (such as Android and iPhones) and data cards. As
technology advances more and more handsets will be 4G data capable.
Web Traffic reports (a report that provides the website address visited by a
Sprint customer) are available only for handsets that are 2G capable.
A126
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
Call Records for PTN 2039548238
2/14/135:13:11
2/14/131:45:30
2/14/131:46:36
2/14/131:50:47
2/14/131:51:27
2/14/132:18:46
2/14/132:33:41
2/14/134:27:46
2/14/135:13:43
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/14/131:32:01
2/14/131:25:33
D1ALED_D!GITS | NI_R_#^
2/14/131:31:04
STARTJ3ATE
2/14/130:04:34
2/14/130:11:12
2/14/130:59:09
2/14/130:58:38
2/14/130:59:06
2/14/130:59:22
2/14/131:00:26
2/14/131:24:54
ENDJ3ATE
2/14/130:04:34
2/14/130:11:12
2/14/130:58:09
2/14/130:58:38
2/14/13 0:5S:OS
2/14/130:59:22
2/14/131:00:26
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Routed Call
Routed Call
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed, Call
Inbound
Inbound
2/14/13-11:01:32
Outbound
Snbound
Routed Call
2/14/1311:20:17
2/14/1311:22:21
2/14/1311:38140
2/14/1311:44:53
Outbound
Outbound
DURATION (SEC)
297
507
REPOLL_#
0
0
1ST CELL
0
523
293
420
420
420
506
510
420
0
0
4000S
40037
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
40006
40006
0
0
0
20037
40006
40006
0
0
40006
0
0
20037
40006
40177
30112
30141
20082
30082
20002
523
294
420
420
420
517
420
294
530
420
420
420
420
420
528
0
0
0
0
39
57
6
5
18
23
54
36
0
43
41
33
40
34
2S
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
508
517
5-!3
12
12
8
0
D
0
5
46
2/-i 4/13 9:30:18
2/14/139:33:20
2/14/139:35:23
2/14/1311:01:32
2/14/1311:20:17
2/14/1311:22:27
2/14/1311:38:40
20
2/14/1311:44:53
2/14/139:00:34
2/14/13 8:55;0-(
2/14/131:45:36
2/14/131:46:41
2/14/131:51:05
2/14/131:51:50
2/14/132:19:40
2/14/132:34:17
2/14/134:27:46
2/14/135:14:26
2/14/135:16:52
2/14/135:19:09
2/14/13 5:2D;17
2/14/135:24:05
2/14/135:32:14
2/14/136:31:51
2/14/136:36:25
2/14/136:42:09
2/14/137:11:24
Outbound
Outbound
RoutedCalI
(203) 507-4725
(203) S97-5409
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
Routed _Cal!
(203) S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892.1751
(203) 507-4725
(203) 997-5409
(203) 892-1751
CALLING^NBR | CALLED_NBR
(313) 283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8233
(203} 606-5248
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
_(203) 954-8238 | (203) 606-5248
(203) SOB-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) S96-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) SOS-5248
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 892-175-i
(203) 95^8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-5409
(203) 8-14-9712
(203) 997-5409
(203)814-9712
(203) 507-4725
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 814-9712
(203) 814-9712
(203) 814-9712
(203) 996-5436
(203) 305-7302
(11203)954-8238
<203) 507^725
<203) 996-5436
(203) 936-5436
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203} 954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
2/14/135:18:36
2/14/135:19:37
2/14/135:23:31
2/14/135:31:46
2/14/136:31:39
2/14/136:36:13
2/14/13 6:42:01
2/14/137:11:24
2/14/138:55:01
2/14/139:00:34
2/14/139:30:13
2/14/139:32:34
2/14/139:35:03
(203) 954-8238
(319)242-7350
(203)231-5011
(203) 305-7302
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
SPRINT NEXTEL CORPORATION

CDMA 'twork
1 of 30
LAST CELL
0
0
0
0
0
0
20037
40006
401 n
30112
20255
20255
40082
20002
0
20037
20037
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
40006
40006
0
0
0
20037
40006
40006
0
0
4000S
f^.
c^
<
H/LR_#
STARTJXTE
2/14/1312:41:42
DIALEDJ31G1TS
inbound
2/14/1311:45:45
2/14/1311:50:04
2/14/13 11:51:09
2/14/1311:51:38
2/14/1312:12:42
2/14/1312:17:12
2/14/13 12:18:34
2/14/1312:28:58
2/14/1312:31:17
2/14/1312:32:18
2/14/13 12:33:20
2/14/13 12:36:19
2/14/1312:37:42
2/14/13 12:38:09
2/14/1312:33:52
2/14/13 12:39:29
2/14/13 12:40:15
2/14/1312:41:03
2/14/1312:41:05
2/14/1312:41:42
2/14/1312:42:32
(203) 954-7685
DURATION (SEC)
0
516
505
524
511
524
511
517
420
511
523
528
291
420
0
0
0
0
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
79
0
0
0
0
25
420
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
inbound
Routed Call
Outbound
32
294
531
508
513
517
292
295
420
2/14/13 12:12:42
2/14/13 12:17:12
2/14/1312:18:34
2/14/1312:29:19
2/14/131^31:17
2/14/1313:00:44
2/14/1313:04:37
2/14/13 13:07:27
2/14/1313:10:34
0
0
0
0
420
REPOLL_#
294
524
511
532
521
513
531
420
292
297
2/14/1313:13:04
2/14/1313:14:16
0
0
44
420
420
2/14/1313:12:12
2/14/1312:42:24
2/14/13 12:33:20
2/14/1312:36:19
2/14/1312:37:42
2/14/13 12:3B:09
2/14/13 12:38:52
2/14/1312:39:29
2/14/13 12:40:15
2/14/1312:41:03
2/14/1312:32:18
2/14/13 13:23:50
6
44
509
Inbound
2/14/13 13:23:50
2/14/1313:25:31
2/14/1313:27.24
2/14/1313:29:55
2/14/13 -(3:43:28
2/14/1313:43:30
2/14/1313:43:44
2/14/13 13:44:29
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/14/1312:42:32
END^DATE
2/14/1311:45:45
2/14/13 11:50:04
2/14/1311:51:03
Outbound
Inbound
2/14/1313:25:31
2/14/1313:27:24
2/14/1313:29:55
2/14/1313:42^44
2/14/13 13:43:28
2/14/13 13:43:38
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 95-4-76S5
Outbound
2/14/1313-43:45
Outbound
Routed Calf
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954-823&
(203) 954-6238
(203) 954-7685
(203) S54-8238
(203) 507-4725
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627.
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 507-4725
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203)231-1627
2/14/1311:51:38
CALLED_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893.7860
(20S) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8236
(203) 305-7302
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203) 231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-7S85
(203) 954-823$
Outbound
(203) 954.8238
(203) 231-1627
2/14/13 13:00:44
2/14/13 13:04:37
2/14/1313:07:02
2/14/1313:10:02
2/14/1313:12:12
2/14/1313:13:04
2/14/13 13:14:16
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLING_N8R
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203) S92-1440
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1S27
(203) 954-8238
[203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954^238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(319)242-7350
[203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-823S
(203) 231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-5238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-6238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 231-1627
(203) 231-1627
(203) 954-8238

CDMA" twork
1ST CELL
0
2 of 30
LAST CELL
0
20037
40006
0
0
0
20037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Q
20037
0
0
0
0
20037
40006
0
20037
0
0
20037
0
0
0
0
20037
0
0
40006
20037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20037
20037
40006
20037
00
c^
(203) 954-76S5
(203) 954-B238
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-9065
CALLED_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 751-2553
(203) 751-2553
(203) 507-4725
(203) 507-4725
(203) 507-4725
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 878-7999
(203) 878-7999
(203) 606-5248
{203} 308-S065
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-823S
(203) &54-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-8238
(203) 362-5331
(203)814-9712
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUNG^NBR
-868
(203) 954.8238
(203) S54-8238
[203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-1606
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-9065
(203) 60&-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8235
(203) S54-8238
(319) 242-735Q
(203) 231-5011
(203) S54-8235
(203) 308-9065
-888
-858
-868
(203) 308.6984
(203) 954.8238
(203) 814-9712
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203} 308-9065
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313) 283-051 &

(203) 954-7685
(313)283-0518
CDMA twork
I^.R_#
Outbound
2/14/13-16:24:13
2/14/1315:18:03
2/14/1315:21:24
2/14/1315:23:41
2/14/13 15:25:41
2/14/13 15:46:01
2/14/13 15:52:09
2/14/1316:08:57
2/14/1316:08:55
2/14/13 16:16:51
2/14/13 16:18:32
2/14/1316:19:01
2/14/1316:20:34
2/14/1316:21:03
2/14/1316:22:36
2/14/1316:23:04
2/14/1316:24:37
2/14/1315:17:1-1
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
START_DATE J END_DATE 1 DURATiON (SEC)

2/14/1313:44:36 I 2/14/1313:44:36
0
2/14/13 14:04:35 2/14/1314:09:08
273
179
2/14/1314:30:19 2/14/13 14:33:18
45
2/14/1314:33:35 2/14/13 14:34:20
74
2/14/1314:35:50 2/14/1314:37:04
2/U/13 14:38:17
19
2/14/1314:37:58
2/14/1314:42:08
2/14/1314:41:21
47
2/14/1314:41:50 2/14/13 14:42:42
52
2/14/1315:09:28
2/14/1315:08:28
2/14/1315:10:35 2/14/1315:11:23
D!ALED_D!GITS
Outbound
(203)751-2553
(203)751-2553
(203) 507-4725
(203) 507-4725
(203) 507-4725
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
291
2/14/13 15:16:00
REPOLLJi
507
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
510
420
420
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/14/1316:30:58
2/14/1316:38:36
2/14/1316:54:00
2/14/13 18:55:08
2/14/1316:55:39
2/14/13 17:08:51
2/14/1317:36:46
2/14/1317:53:33
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
RoutecLCatl
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/14/1318:22:49
2/14/1316:38:54
2/14/1316:54:00
2/14/13 16:55:57
2/14/1316:55:39
2/14/1317:09:27
2/14/1317:42:57
2/14/1317:54:10
2/14/1318:23:58
0
0
40
0
24
39
18
0
48
0
36
371
37
69
420
533
420
420
297
291
508
233
293
420
530
420
420
420
292
420
528
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
(203) 606-5248
Outbound
0
48
71
(203) 9S4-8238
(203) 87S-7999
(203) 878-7999
(203) 606-5248
(203) 9S4-8238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/14/13 16:3-i:37
inbound
182
41
97
409
0
21
6
0
0
0
2/14/1315:18:03
2/14/1315:18:22
2/14/1315:23:00
2/14/1315:24:04
2/14/1315:39:12
2/14/1315:52:09
2/14/1316:08:36
2/14/1316:03:49
2/14/13 16:16:51
2/14/1316:18:32
2/14/1316:19:01
2/14/1316:20:34
2/14/1316:21:03
2/14/1316:21:56
2/14/1316:23:04
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 362-5331
(203)814-9712
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7655
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
3 of 30
0
40037
40037
0
40037
40037
40177
30022
0
30022
0
0
0
LAST CELL
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
30075
1ST CELL
0
40006
40075
40006
40006
40006
30075
30075
0
40037
20037
0
20037
40037
20177
30022
0
30022
0
0
0
0
0
30022
0
30022
30022
40038
0
40037
0
40006
40006
40006
20037
20008
0
0
30022
0
30022
30022
40038
0
40037
0
40006
40006
40006
20037
05
Csl
<
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823&
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CALLiNG_,NBR | CALLED NBR

(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-1440
(203) 954-S238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-S238
(203) 893-7860
[203) 507-4725
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-8681
(203} 954-8238
(203) 308-8681
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(319) 242-7350 (11203)954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 60S-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 751-2553
(203} 954-8236
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(203)751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)751-2553
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(2D3) 627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-B238
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203] 954-8238
(203) 627-8716
(203) 627-8716
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203) 627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203) 6D6-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
DIALED DiGiTS
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 507-4725
(203) 308-8681
(203) 308-8681
(203)908-5104
STARTJ)ATE [ ENDJ)ATE
2/14/13 22:14:34
2/14/1323:00:31
2/14/1323:13:50
2/14/1323:15:05
2/14/13 23:23:13
2/14/1323:38:59
2/14/1323:41:45
2/14/1323:56:22
2/15/130:12:55
2/15/130:13:30
M_R_#
Inbound
2/15/13 0:14:49
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
2/15/130:17:18
Inbound
Inbound
(203) S54-S238
(203)627-8716
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-3238
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
(203) Q54-8238
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
(203) 606-5248
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
2/14/1318:23:48
2/14/1319:46:52
2/14/13 20:05:33
2/14/1320:15:24
2/14/1320:15:47
2/14/1320:17:16
2/14/1320:21:44
2/14/1320:39:55
2/14/1320:40:36
2/14/1320:41:37
2/14/1320:41:44
2/14/1320:45:24
2/14/1321:01:17
2/14/13 21:44:32
2/14/1321:57:31
2/14/1321:58:53
2/14/1322:03:07
2/14/1322:13:40
2/14/13 22:14:00
2/14/1322:59:56
2/14/1323:13:50
2/14/1323:15:05
2/14/1323:23:13
2/14/1323:38:59
2/14/1323:41:45
2/14/1323:56:22
2/15/130:12:37
2/15/130:13:19
2/14/1318:25:07
2/14/1319:52:28
2/14/1320:05:33
2/14/1320:15:31
2/14/1320:16:53
2/14/1320:17:44
2/14/1320:21:44
2/14/1320:44:55
2/14/1320:40:36
2/14/1320:41:40
2/14/1320:41:44
2/15/130:14:05
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
2/15/130:15:41
(203) 606-5248
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
2/15^30:26:36
2/15/130:28:51
2/15/130:52:25
2/15/131:44:26
2/15/130:20:47
2/14/1322:13:40
2/U/132-(:02:53
2/14/1321:44:57
2/14/1321:57:31
2/14/1321:58:53
2/14/1322:03:07
2/14/1320:46:13
Inbound
Outbound
2/15/130:16:09
2/15/130:17:56
(203) 954-8238
(203) 60S-5248
(203) 954-3238
2/15/130:19:50
2/15/130:25:56
2/15/130:26:56
2/16/130:52:25
2/15/13 1:44:01

CDMAr' -twork
DURATION (SEC)
75
336
0
7
66
28
0
300
0
3
0
49
96
25
0
0
0
0
34
35
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
18
44
28
38
57
40
115
0
25
420
0
40006
40006
20037
40006
20037
20037
40006
40006
0
40006
0
0
0
0
40006
40006
30037
30037
30075
0
40006
0
40037
0
40006
40006
20037
0
0
0
20037
40145
REPOLLJ S 1ST CELL

420
513
420
420
420
527
420
515
420
513
420
420
420
507
296
293
296
420
420
527
507
510
520
507
525
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
511
420
4 of 30
LAST CELL
40075
30145
0
30037
20037
30075
40037
0
40037
0
40006
40006
20037
0
0
0
0
40006
40006
0
0
0
0
20037-
0
0
40006
40006
20037
40006
20037
40006
40006
0
40006
co
<
DURATION (SEC)
ENDJ3ATE
START_DATE
2/13/131:45:16
2/15/13 2:36:29
2/15/13 3:45:37
2/15/133:50:56
2/15/13 3;57;43
IULRJ^
Routed Call
2/15/134-19:32
2/15/13 1:46:09
2/15/132:36:29
Outbound
2/15/134:47:08
2/15/13 4:53:12
2/15/135:02:36
2/15/135:17:10
2/15/136:12-26
2/15/136:13:21
2/15/137:17:30
2/15/137:13:30
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
RoutedjCall
Routed Call
Routed_Ca)i
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed Call
2/15/137:19:42
DIALED^DlGrTS
(203) 606-5248
Inbound
0
0
53
0
7
0
Outbound
2/15/135:17:16
2/15/136:12:26
2/15/136:13:21
2/15/13 7;17:30
2/15/137:19:30
2/15/137:19:42
2/15/137:20:47
2/15/137:24:38
2/15/137:24:59
2/15/137:38:07
2/15/137:44:14
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
0
0
0
49
0
0
23
0
0
0
30
26
36
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
5
2/15/135:02:42
2/15/1310:02:51
2/15/133:50:56
2/15/133:57:48
2/15/134:19:32
2/15/134:47:13
2/15/134:53:18
2/15/133:45:44
Outbound
2/15/137:20:47
2/15/137:24:33
2/15/137:24:59
2/15/137:38:07
2/15/137:44:14
2/15/13 7:47:58
Routed Call
Outbound
2/15/137:47:58
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) S06-5248
(203) 954-8233
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(11203)954-5238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
inbound
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 893-7860
(203) 308-86S1
(203) 507-4725
2/15/1310:02-14
Outbound
(203} 305-7302
(203) 954.8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-S238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-78SO
(203) 305-7302
(203) 8S3-7860
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 606-5248
(203) 893-7860
(203) 308-8681
(203) 507-4725
2/15/13 7:54:37
2/15/137:54:37
2/15/137:58:24
2/15/13 7:58:24
2/15/137:58:57
2/15/13 7:53:57
2/15/138:00:13
2/15/138:00:13
2/15/138:26:13
2/15/13 S:25;24
2/15/138:27:51
2/15/138:27:51
2/15/138:30:24
2/15/135:30:24
2/15/138:34:31
2/15/13 8:34:54
2/15/13 8:46:24
2/15/138:46:24
2/15/138:49:19
2/15/13 8;49;19
2/15/138:55:20
2/15/138:55:20
2/15/139:07:37
2/15/139:08:07
2/15/139:26:42
2/15/13 9:27:08
2/15/13 10:oT22~}~2/15/13 10:01:58'
CALLED_NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUNQ_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203)627-8716
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 606-524S
(203) 954-8238
(203) S06-5248
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5243
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823B
(203) 893-7860
(319)242-7350
(203) 954-8236
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CD M A ' twork
1ST CELL
b\STCELL
5 of 30
REPOLL_#
40006
420
20037
0
40006
0
20037
20037
20037
20037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20037
20037
0
0
0
20037
0
0
40112
0
0
0
20082
20082
30075
30075
0
0
0
20037
0
0
40112
0
0
0
20082
20082
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30075
30075
0
0
20037
40006
0
20037
0
40006
0
20037
294
420
512
420
52S
420
420
420
420
529
529
291
292
521
519
293
298
512
526
296
512
521
509
296
420
51 &
292
420
298
512
516
420
420
420
420
n
<
D|ALED_DiGrrS
(203) 997-1606
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/15/13 10:08:17
START^DATE
2/15/1310:03:02
2/15/1310:06:47
2/15/1310:08:17
END_DATE
2/15/1310:03:40
2/15/1310:07:27
M_R_#
Outbound
Inbound
2/15/13 10:29:4-!
RoutecLCali
Outbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
DURATION (SEC)
2/15/1311:39:18
REPOLL#
38
420
40 j 420
0 1 293
420
51
6 of 30
LAST CELL
40006
40006
0
40075
0
0
0
Q
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
a
61
18
37
30
24
54
0
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
20304
0
20001
40006
0
0
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
0
0
20037
33
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
291
520
524
510
298
40006
40006
20037
40006
40006
40006
1ST CELL
40006
40006
0
20037
20037
40006
40006
20037
40006
40006
40006
40006
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
4D006
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40006
0
5
22
23
15
5
11
0
0
2/15/1313:44:46
2/15/1313:48:35
2/15/1313:49;10
2/15/1313:53:41
2/15/1313:54:08
2/15/1313:59:46
2/15/13 14:03:27
2/15/1314:04:41
2/15/1314:05:10
2/15/1314:06:15
2/15/1314:07:29
2/15/1314:08:53
2/15/1314:08:57
2/15/1314:19:10
2/15/13^4:26:48
2/15/1314:39:11
2/15/13 14:45:22
2/15/13 14:49:37
2M 5/13 14:51:08
2/15/1315:01:31
2/15/13 15:23:44
2/15/1315:28:11
420
509
298
518
509
521
511
520
512
420
296
294
513
420
420
420
420
420
420
525
2/15/1311:43:10
2/15/1311:58:25
2/15/13 12:47:59
2/15/1313:29:59
2/15/1313:34:55
2/15/13 13:39:39
2/15/1310:30:32
2/15/1310:50:55
2/15/1311:36:49
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbounci
Inbounci
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
(203) 954-&238
Routed_Ca!l
Inbound
(203) 354-8238
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 260-1864
(203) 954^238
(203)250-1864
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203)260-1864
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-S238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 833-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 8S3-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203)231-1627
2/15/13.13:43:14
2/15/1310:50:22
2/15/1311:36:44
2/15/1311:38:56
2/15/1311:42:47
2/15/13 11:58:10
2/15/13 12:47:54
2/15/13 13:23:48
2/15/13 13:34:55
2/15^1313:39:39
2/15/13 13:43:14
2/15/13 13:44;46
2/15/13 13:48:35
2/15/13 13:49:05
2/15/13 13:53:41
2/15/1313:54:08
2/15/1313:59:46
2/15/1314:03:27
2/15/13 14:04:41
2/15/1314:05:10
2/15/13 14:06:15
2/15/1314:07:29
2/15/1314:08:42
2/15/1314:08:57
2/15/1314:19:10
2/15/13 14:26:48
2/15/1314:38:10
2/15/1314:45:04
2/15/1314:49:00
2/15/1314:50:38
2/15/-13 15:01:07
2/15/13 15:22:50
2/15/1315:28:11
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CALLED_NBR
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLiNG_NBR
(203) 954-8233
(203)997-1606
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-7685
(203)231-5011
(319) 242-7350
(203)231-5011
(203)908-5104
(203)231-5011
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203} 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-76&5
<2D3) 260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S93-7860
(203) 954-6238
(203) 693-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7360
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203)231-1627
(203) 606-5248
(319)242-7350
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-76S5
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-8238
SPRINT NEXTEL COR.PORATION

CDMA r twork
CM
co
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUN(3_NBR
CALLED^NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-823S
(203) 735-1885
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203} 512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(203) S93-78SO
(203) 308-6984
(203) 308-5984
[11203)954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 512-1376
(203) 693-7850
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-5238
(203) S54-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203)908-5104
(203) 627-8716
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-8681
DiALED_D)G1TS
(203) 954-823S
(203) 735-1385
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203)512-1376
(203) 308-5984
(203) 308-6984
(203) 954-8238
<203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-8681
(203)997-1606
0
40006
40037
56
21
76
0
0
420
420
420
509
520
521
7 of 30
0
40006
20037
0
20037
400DB
4000S
0
0
0
4000B
40006
40006
30075
30075
0
30001
30001
40037
40006
30075
30075
0
0
30075
0
0
30075
40006
0
0
30075
0
40006
0
0
0
30075
40006
0
0
0
30075
0
40006
30075
0
0
30001
30001
30001
20037
40006
40006
0
0
0
40006
40006
REPOLL_#
510
519
420
420
25
5
3
LAST CELL
DURATION (SEC)
295
2/15^1317:00:10
11
ENDJ3ATE
0
0
122
119
2/15/1317:01:45
2/15/1317:02:33
2/15/1317:02:47
2/15/1317:02:47
420
2/15/1317:03:09
21
2
0
0
0
21
21
2/15/1317:07:47
420
420
420
420
420
533
42D
420
420
2/15/13 17:08:27
30
31
0
19
47
19
2/15/1317:36:05
2/15/1317:37:44
2/15/1317:33:06
2/15/1317:38141
2/15/1317:39:28
2/15/1317:40:33
2/15/1317:41:03
2/15/1317:43:38
2/15/1317:51:55
1ST CELL
2/15/1315:53:50
2/15/13 16:04:58
2/15/1316:32:50
2/15/1316:37:10
2/15/13 16:47:19
2/15/13 16:53:16
2/15/13 16:58:56
2/15/1317:00:22
2/15/1316:59:58
Call Records for PTN 203954S23S
M_R_#
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
RoutecLCal!
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
[nbound
tnbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
506
296
2/15/1317:18:33
2/15/1317:20:06
2/15/1317:20:39
2/15/1317:20:51
2/15/13 17:22:44
2/15/1317:23:43
2/15/13 17:24:32
2/15/1317:32:11
2/15/13 17:34:37
0
0
START_DATE
2/15/1315:53:50
2/15/1316:04:58
2/15/13 16:30:48
2/15/1316:35:11
2/15/1316:47:19
2/15/1316:57:20
2/15/1316:58:35
2/15/13 16:59:06
2/15/13 16:59:58
2/15/1317:00:10
2/15/1317:01:45
2/15/1317:02:08
2/15/13 17:02:42
2/15/1317:02:44
2/15/1317:02:58
2/15/1317:07:17
2/15/13 17:07:5S
2/15/1317:18:33
2/15/1317:19:47
2/15/1317:19:52
2/15/13 17:20:32
2/15/1317:22:44
2/15/13 17:23:43
2/15/1317:24:32
2/15/13 17:31:29
2/15/1317:34:37
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
0
42
0
0
0
Inbound
Inbound
2/15/13 17:36:00
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
2/15/1317:38:00
(203)908-5104
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
521
420
292
525
513
420
420
513
515
510
420
297
420
Outbound
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 30S-6SS4
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203) 308-6984
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203) 606-5248
(203) 308-6984
(203)908-5104
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-823&
(203) 512-1376
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-S238
(203)997-1606
(203)308-8681
2/15/13 17:51:34
Inbound
(203) 954-5238
(203)908-5104
(203) 308-8681
2/15/1317:33:05
2/15/1317:37:23
2/15/1317:38:04
2/15/13 17;38:41
2/15/1317:39:28
2/15/1317:40:33
2/15/1317:40:42
2/15/13 17:43:38
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CDMA' -twork
SPRINT MEXTEL CORPORATION
co
co
DIALE^DiGiTS
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLED_NBR
[203) 308-8681
(203) 308-8681
(203) 512-1376
(203)512-1376
(203) 308-86S1
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S23S
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 751-2553
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 419-8673
(203] 308-3889
(203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 305-7302
(203) 308-8681
(203) 3D8-86S1
(203)512-1376
(203) 512-1376
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
[203)908-5104
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 354-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203)419-8673
(203) 308-3S89
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 908-5104
(203) 354-8238
CALUNG NBR
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-S23S
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) S54-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 893-7860
(334) 593-8252
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(203} 954-8238
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)397-1606
(203) 954-S238
(203)908-5104
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203} 606-5246
(203) 606-5248
(203) 308-86S1
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
{203)751-2553
C319) 242-7350
(203) 954-6238
(203) 954.S23S
(313)283-0518
[203) 954-8238

C DMA ''" twork
2/15/1317:52:19
2/15/13 17:52:19
2/15/13 17:52:24 ] 2/15/1317:52:52
2/15/1317:55:13 | 2/15/1317:55-36
2/15/1317:56:15 | 2/15/13 17:5e:48
2/15/1318:02:32
2/15/1318:02:07
2/15/1318:18:59
2/15/13 18:18:59
2/15/13 !8:26:21T 2^15/13 18:26:43
2/15/1318:29:10
2/15/1318:29^0
2/15/1318:31:08 2/15/1318:31:08
2/15/1318:33:33 2/15/1318:33:33
2/15/1318:34:21
2/15/1318:34:21
2/15/13 18:37:05 2/15/1318:37:05
2/15/1318:42:59 2/15/1318:43:21
2/15/13 18:52:43 2/15/1313:52:43
2/15/1318:55:42 2/15/1319:08:09
2/15/1319:03:49
2/15/1319:02:53
2/15/13 19:04:25 2/15/13 19:04:25
2/15/1319:13:19 2/15/1319:13:53
END_DATE
2/15/13 19:17:51
START_DATE
IVLRJ?
Outbound
2/15/1319-19:25
2/15/13 19:15:04
Outbound
Inbound
2/15/1318:39-18
2/15/1319:27:33
2/15/1319:29:06
2/15/1319:34:40
2/15/1319:35;13
2/15/1319:35:54
2/15/1319:38:12
2/15/1319:40:23
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/15/1319:52:04
2/15/13 19:46; 23
Inbound
Outbound
2/15/13-19:53:38
2/15/1319:52:56
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Ou&ound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/15/13 19:20:52
2/15/1319:28:36
2/15/1319:29:20
2/15/1319:35:04
2/15/1319:35:52
2/15/1319:35:54
2/15/1319:38:49
Outbound
2/15/1319:47:27
2/15/13 19:52:04
2/15/1319:53:19
2/15/1319:53:55
2/15/1320:03:22
2/15/1320=16:55
2/15/1320:31:11
2/15/1320:35:58
2/15/1320:37:30
2/15/13 20:03;07
2/15/1320:16:55
2/15/13 20:30:45
2/15/13 20:35:58
2/15/1320:37:30
Inbound
Outbound
33
0
25
22
0
0
0
0
0
22
747
56
8 of 30
LAST CELL
0
0
Q
0
40006
40006
0
20037
20037
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
40006
0
40006
40006
40075
0
20006
20006
30006
0
40006
0
0
30075
40006
40006
30075
0
40006
0
0
0
0
REPOLL_#
521
420
420
420
420
533
420
512
519
510
52S
530
420
510
420
420
295
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
20037
20037
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
4D006
20037
40006
0
40006
1ST CELL
522
40006
DURATION (SEC)
0
420
28
23
34
157
87
63
14
24
39
420
30075
40006
40006
30075
0
40006
420
295
420
420
420
531
420
40075
0
20006
20006
30006
0
40006
0
0
529
513
37
65
59
0
23
17
15
0
26
0
0
co
T~
<
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
ENDJ3ATE
START_DATE
2/15/1320:38:37
2/15/1320:39:07
D!ALED_D1GITS
2/15/1320:46:14
CALLEDJ^BR
tnbound
2/15/1320:49:01
M_R_#
[nbound
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
(203) 343-8125
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8235
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
2/15/1321:55:10
2/15/1321:35:16
2/15/1321:43:40
2/15/1321:45:12
2/15/13 21:46:49
2/15/1321:54:12
2/15/1321:36:18
2/15/1321:43:40
2/15/1321:45:12
2/15/1321:46:43
2/15/1321:54:12
2/15/1321:55:10
2/15/1321:57:15
2/15/1322:00:51
2/15/1322:28:02
2/15/1322:28:20
2/15/132-1,30:10
Inbound
Outbound
2/15/13 21:56:39
2/15/1322:00:37
2/15/1322:27:48
tnbound
Outbound
2/15/13 22:28106
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed. Call
Routed_CaU
Outbound
Inbound
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
(860)753-6017
(203) 308-8681
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-7585
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
CALL1NG_NBR
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-7685
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203)231-5011
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-8238
inbound
2/15/1320:49:56
2/15/1320:50:55
2/15/1320:52:18
2/15/1320:54:13
2/15/1320:55:11
2/15/1320:55:24
2/15/1321:00:45
2/15/1321:01:25
2/15f\3 21;04;56
2/15/1321:05:47
2/15/1321:09:04
2/15/1321:18:33
2/15/1321:19:29
2/15/1321:27:10
2/15/1321:28:14
2/15/1321:30:10
2/15/1321:31:00
2/15/1321:32:10
2/15/1321:32:32
2/15/1321:31:00
2/15/1321:32:10
2/15/1321:32:32
2/15/13 21:33:54
2/15/1321:34:26
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/15/1321:33:54
2/15/1321:35:08
(203) 954-823S
Outbound
2/15/1321:35:08
2/15/1321:34:26
(203) 995-5436
(203) 727-9794
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-7S85
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
DURATION (SEC)
40006
0
0
1ST CELL
40006
0
0
IAST CELL
9 of 30
REPOLL_#
513
506
0
0
4000S
0
0
40006
40075
0
0
40006
40075
0
40006
0
40037
40006
0
0
0
0
40006
420
530
509
514
507
51Q
420
531
294
511
40006
40Q75
40QOS
20037
40006
4000G
40006
40D06
20037
20037
20037
40006
40006
295
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
506
297
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
62
0
0
0
506
40006
40075
40006
20037
40006
40006
20037
40006
20037
20037
20037
4000G
40006
40006
40006
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20037
0
0
36
14
14
14
513
420
420
420
420
18
33
181
25
133
29
48
65
16
29
29
108
2/15/1320:38:37 | 0
2/15/1320:39:07 \ 0
2/15/1320:47:21 | 67
16
2/15/13 20:49:17
30
39
OLEtbound
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
(860) 753.6017
(203) 954-8238
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(2Q3) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
2/15/1320:50:26
2/15/1320:51:34
2/15/1320:54=06
2/15/1320:54:31
2/15/1320:55:44
2/15/1320:58:25
2/15/1321:01:10
2/15/1321:03:38
2/15/1321:05:25
2/15/1321:06:35
2/15/1321:10:09
2/15/1321:18:49
2/15/1321:19:58
2/15/1321:27:39
2/15/1321:23:14
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-7S85
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(203) 507-4725
(203) 308-5661
(203)997-1606
(203) 343-8125
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-7885
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-S238
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-823S
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-823B
(203) 606-524B
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-543S
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-768S

CDMA" ':wark
in
co
<
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(11203).954-8238
(11203)954-8238
CALLED NSR
(203) 954-7685
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8235
(203)512-1376
(203) 9S4-8238
(203)997-1606
(203)512-1376
(203} 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 9S6-5436
(203) 954-823S
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
<203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203} 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 606-5248
(11203)954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 893-0262
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUNG_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-6238
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 993-543S
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996<-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996.5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5435
(203) 996-5435
(203) S96-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954.B238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 893-0262
(203)512-1376
Calt Records for PTN 2039548238
Outbound
Outbound
2/16/134:26:59
2/16/134:08:25
2/16/134:27:16
2/16/134:39:40
2/16/136:00:56
2/16/139:05:53
2/16/134:08:49
START DATE
END_DATE
2/15/1322:28:16 I 2/15/1322:28:52
2/15/1322:35:571 2/15/1322:35:57
2/15/1323:12:54
2/15/1323:12:$4
2/15/1323:23:25
2/15/1323:23:25
2/15/1323:44:57
2/15/1323:44:02
2/15/13 23:46:23 2/15/1323:46:50
2/15/1323:47^32 2/15/1323:49:03
2/15/1323:52:45 2/15/1323:53:24
2/15/1323:56:46 2/15/13 23:57:27
2/16/130:08:32
2/16/130:05:22
2/16/130:05:59
2/16/130:06121
2/16/13 0:07:00
2/16/130:06:53
2/16/130:07:27
2/16/130:07:13
2/16/130:15:22
2/16^30:14:59
2/16/13 1:23:58
2/16/131:23:56
2/16/131:31:51
2/16/131:31:51
2/16/131:40:12
2/16/131:40:12
2/16/13 2:05:1&
2/16/132:05:23
2/16/132:06:03
2/16/132:06:07
2/16/132:22:57
2/16/132:23:05
2/16/13 2;26l26
2/16/132:26:26
2/16/132:28:33
2/16/132:28:33
2/16/132:28:40
2/16/132:28:47
2/16/132:29:30
2/16/132:29:30
2/16/132:33:56
2/16/132:33:56
2/16/13 2:35:51 i 2/16/13 2:36:08
2/16/132:43:21
2/16/132:43:00
2/16/132:56:10
2/16/132:56:08
2/16/13 2:56:44
2/16/13 2;56:4S
2/16/134:05:55
2/16/134:07:13
2/16/13 4:07:36
2/16/134:08:14
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-1606
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8238
[203)512-1376
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 606-5248
Inbound
RoytecfCal!
RoutecLCati
RoutecLCalt
Routed Cali
Outbound
Outbound
RoutecLCall
Outbound
Routed Ca![
Outbound
Routed Call
Routed Csil
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
2/16/134:39:02
2/16/135:59:15
2/16/139:05:30
(203) 954-7685
(203) 507-4725
inbound
Inbound
_PJALED-DIG[TS J _.__M-R#
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238

CDMA' Twork
DURATION (SEC)
36
0
0
0
55
27
91
39
41
420
420
420
520
20002
20002
20002
200Q2
40037
0
0
0
40006
40006
40006
0
190
523
0
0
5
10 of 30
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
4000S
40006
40006
40006
40006
0
0
40006
40006
40006
0
0
40006
0
1ST CELL LAST CELL

40006
40006
0
0
0
0
0
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40005 J 40006
30001
3000-1
20002
20002
20002
20002
40037
4
s
0
22
7
14
23
REPOLL*
420
518
508
518
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
293
508
420
420
529
531
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
508
0
17
21
2
5
78
38
24
17
420
420
40006
0
0
40006
40006
40006
40D06
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40037
40006
38
101
23
CD
co
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-8238
END_DATE
2/16/139:07:08
2/16/139:10:32
2/16/139:14:29
2/16/139:15:54
2/16/139:22:25
2/16/139:28:41
2/16/139:49:07
2/16/139:52:22
2/16/139:53:33
2/16/13 10:37:40
START,_DATE
2/16/13 9:06:26
2/16/139:05:52
2/16/139:13:52
2/16/139:15:15
2/16/139:22:25
2/16/139:28:06
2/16/139:49:02
2/16/139:49:16
2/16/13 9:52:59
2/16/1310:37:37
2/1S/-E3 10:40:45
M_R_#
Outbound
Routed Call
2/1S/13 10:39:33
(203) 99S-5436
RoutecLCall
Inbound,.
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound,
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Cai!
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/16/1310:42:33
DIALED_DIGiTS
(203) 893-0252
{203) 893-0262
(203) 893-0262
(203) 893-0262
Outbound
(11203)954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 893-0262
(11203)354-8236
(203) 954-8238
{203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8233
_(?Q3) !?06.-5248
inbound
2/16/1310:54:48
2/16/1310:57:35
2/16/1310:57:59
2/16/1311:06:26
CALLED_NBR
(203) 393-0262
(203) 893-0262
(203) 893-0262
(203) 893-0262
(203) 606-524S
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALL!NG_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/16/13.11^1:31
(319)242-7350
.iM^W.SQ
Enboupd
(203) 44S-276S
(203) 954-823S
(203) 606-5248
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-9065
^(2imM2;3j3,. ;,C2Q3}.9.4-S?39
Outbound
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
f2Q3) 996-5436
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203} 954-8238
(203} 526-2355
-^?A:&2^3^,^.,.
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
,(2C!3),S54-823,8
(203) 954-8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 893-78SO
(H203,},954-8238
Outbound
^(,203^.996-5436
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 853-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203)751-4089
(203) 446-2766
(203) 954-8238
(203) 396-5436
(203) 954-8238
2/16/1310:43:07
2/18/1310:56:39
2/16/1310:57:45
2/16/1310:58:04
2/16/1311:06:42
2/16/1311:23:37
2/16/1311:31:43
2/16/13 11:32:55
2/16/13 11:32:33
2/16/13 11:35:58
2/16/1311:37:26
2/16/1311:37:16
2/16/1311;47:42
2/16/1311:55:46
2/16/13 11:56:53
2/16Y13 12:03:13
2/16/1312:23:41
inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed Call
RoutecLCal!
Inbound
Outbound
Routed Cat!
(23).996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
[203) 512-1376
Inbound
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 60S-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-524&
(203) 954-8238
(203)5-12-1376
2/16/1312:24:00
2/16/1312:25:29
2/16/1312:26:53
2/16/13 12:34:46
2/16/1312:38:57
2/16/1312:41:39
2/16/13 12:47:21
2/16/1312-25:55
2/16/1311:30:56
2/16/1311:31:56
2/16/1311:32:33
2/16/13 11:35;58
2/16/1311:36:36
2/16/1311:37:16
2/16/1311:47:42
2/16/13 11:55:46
2/16/1311:56:53
2/16/13 12:02:20
2/16/1312:23:25
2/18/1312:23:48
2/16/13 12:23:51
2/16/13 12:25:25
2/16/13 12:26:08
2/16/1312:33:44
2/16/1312:38:57
2/16/1312:40:59
2/16/13 12:47:19
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8233
(203) 606-5248
(11203)954-8238
(11203)95^-8238
(203) 60&-5248
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
CDMA twork
DURATION (SEC) \ REPOLU^J1ST CELL
40 I 420 S 40006
^._._J-.-_^L-J.,^-20037-
37
39
40075
40075
186
34
3
72
34
Ill
7
5
16
486
47
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
35
420 [ 40006
420 [ 4TOOi
0
529
40006
30006
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
40075
40037
40037
40075
296
20,
0
0
^.
59
0
291
420
297
292
2^si
0
50
0
0
507
0 -
6
420
30158
-2oHT
420
53
16
420 I 40165
40165
420
127
9
420
0
4
420
40165
45
420
30120
62
420
40163
0
0 . I 291
30021
20082
2 1 420
40 I 420
11 of 30
LAST CELL
20037
40006
40006
4000S
20002
30006
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
30037
4003^//
>}fl637
^ 40075
20075
40075
200^
~^L
400C
y^~T
~J^
so^y
'20158
40165
40165
Q
40165
40120
20028
0
30082
20082
^
^
^'
-''-
<
. ^^ ^
co
^'
^\
-&T^
"^^
^0'
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/16/1313:37:56
2/16/1313:23:33
2/16/13 13:00:23
2/16/1313:16:49
2/16/13 13:17:20
2/16/1313:17:45
2/16/13 13:18:00
2/16/1312:54:43
START_DATE
2/16/1312:48:35
2/16/1312:53:13
2/16/1313:38:01
2/16/1313:39:50
2/16/1313:40:32
2/16/1313:43:46
2/16/13 14:08:09
2/16/13 U:15:26
2/16/1314:23:57
2/16/13 14:26:53
2/16/1314:27:33
2/16/1313:23:44
2/16/1313:01:24
2/16/1313:17:04
2/16/1313:17:22
2/16/13 13:17:50
2/16/1313:18:29
2/16/1312:55:02
2/16/13 12:48:42
2/16/1312:53:52
END^DATE
Routed Ca!i
2/16/1313:39:50
2/16/1313:40:32
2/16/1313:42:33
2/16/1314:03:55
2/16/13 14:14:04
2/16/1314:23:54
2/16/13 14:24:21
^/M1,,.34;27:29
2/16/13.14:35:14
M_R_#
Inbound
2/16/1314:34:54.
(11203)954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 606-5248
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-7298
(203)512-1376
(203) 605-7298
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-8238
DURATION (SEC)
7
34
19
61
15
2
5
29
11
5
0
0
73
254
82
3
152
4
20
70
4
-Inbound"
Inbound
2/-16/13 15:44:05
2/16^13 15:37:22
2/16/1315:40:08
2/16/1315:43:49
2/-16/13-45:36:15
2/16/1316:19:16
2/16/13 15:37:22
2/16/1315:40:08
2/16/1315:43:49
2/16/1315:44:05
2/1.6/1-3^ 5:36:38
0
23
0
0
0
0
21
0
0
Inbound
2/16/1316:19:12
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed Call
15
RoLrted,.Ca!i
Routed, Cal;
2/16/1316:40:04
16
3
2/16/1316:26:17
2/16/1316:30:22
{203) 954-8238
RoutecLCal:
RoutecLCaSI
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
2/16/1316:31:14
2/16/1316:26:11
2/16/1316:30:07
2/16/1316:30:58
2/16/1316:40:01
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Routed Call
2/16/1314:36:36
CALLECLNBR
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(20$) 954-8238
(203) 308-SS81
(203) 997-1606
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
.;;ln:bouFid
D1ALED_DIGITS
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5245
(203) 606-5248
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8233
(203) 605-7299
(203) 605-7298
(203)512-1376
(203) 605-7298
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(11203)954-8238
<203^;95A^2g,
2/16/1314:37:58
CALL1NG_NBR
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
{203} 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
C203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(313)283-0518
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203)231-5011
(203) 954.6238
(203) 954.8238
(203) 308-8681
...-(203.)..SS4i82aS.,
Routed_Call
RoutecLCall
^^^83.S6$8'.
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(3D3) 512-1376
(313) 283-0518
,,.(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-8238
(11203)954^238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8233
(203) 954-8238-
2/16/13 14-37:46
2/16/1314:38:02
2/16/13 14:39:42
2/16/13 15:20:14
2/16/1315:21:08
2/16/1315:25:25
2/16/1315:33:50
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203) -954-S238
2/16/1314:39:21
2/16/1315:20:14
2/16/1315:21:08
2/16/1315:25:25
2/16/13 15:33:50
"li(S-1.3)t 283-051-8
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203) 893-7860
(203) 231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203)231-1627
(203) 308-6984

CDMA ' twork
REPOLL_.#
420
420
420
420
42D
420
420
420
420
420
513
507
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
507
291
513
508
420
513
512
291
510
420
420
420
420
420
30082
1ST CELL
20082
20082
20255
40006
40075
40075
40075
12 of 30
LAST CELL
20082
20082
30082
20255
4000S
40075
40075
40075
40075
40006
0
0
0
300.56 ...
40006
40006
40075
40037
40037
40037
30001
40056
40056
40075
40006
30056
0
0
40006
40006
40075
40037
40037
40037
30001
40056
40056
0
0
0
0
co
co
"j)^<
rd IT
0-/~<"LC<.
.. .40128,....,,)<5
0
0
0
40128
40128
40128 .
40128
40128
0
0
0
0
40128
40128
40128
40128
0
0
40128
40128
DIALED_DIGITS
(203) 954-8238
[203)231-1627
inbound
Outbound
2/16/1316:58:19
2/16/1317:09:44
2/16/1317:12:14
2/16/1317:13:42
2/16/1317:14:13
2/16/1317:20:26
2/16/1317:23:23
2/16/1317:24:06
2/16/1317:24:13
2/16/1316:53:44
STARTJ>ATE j END__DATE
2/15/1316:48:05 2/16/1316:48:10
2/16/1316:52:53 2/16/13 16:54:41
H/LRJ?
Outbound
2/16/1317:25:20
RoutecLCail
Outbound
(203) 954-823S
RoutecLCali
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/16/13 18:53:02
2/16/13 18:54:09
2/16/1319:01:46
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Routed. _Call
RoutecLCalI
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed_Cail
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outfaound
Routed_Cal!
Outbound
2/16/13 18:52:19
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203)997-1606
(203) 308-8681
(203)512-1376
(203} 751-2553
(203) 751-2553
(203) 751-2553
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-3238
(203) 9&4-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8233
(11203)954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)512.1376
(11203)954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203) 997-1606
(203) 308-8681
(203)512-1376
(203) 751-2553
(203) 751-2553
(203)751.2553
(203)512-1376
(203) 354-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
Inbound
(203) 606-5248
(203) 893-0262
(203) 906-5050
2/16/1317:20:58
2/16/1317:23:57
2/16/13 17-.24:10
2/16/1317:24:22
2/16/1317:26:01
2/16/1317:26:45
2/16/1317:26:46
2/16/1317:37:28
2/16/1317:56:30
2/16/13 17:56:50
2/16/13 18:03:35
2/16/-i3 18:12:33
2/16/1318:13:05
2/16/13 18;14:09
2/16/1318:15:16
2/16/1318:19:23
2/16/1318:23:28
2/16/1318:31:15
2/16/1318:28:25
2/16/1318:31:15
2/16/13 18:35:57
2/16/1318:50-55
2/1S/1318:5-!:19
2/16/13 18:52:04
2/16/1318:52:49
2/16/13 1S;53:30
2/16/1318:56:09
2/16/1319:01:46
DURATION {SEC) | REPOLL_#

4
108
0
11
420
420
294
420
420
420
8
3
0
0
3
41
16
5
27
2
420
291
420
420
420
420
296
295
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
333
420
420
420
511
3
26
5
498
80
162
32
34
4
524
512
420
420
420
508
510
0
0
0
30
28
120
0
2/16/13 17:14:22 j __9^
2/16/13 16:53:44
2/16/1316:58:30
2/16/1317:03:47
2/16/1317:12:40
2/16/1317:13:47
Inbound
Outbound
2/16/1317:26:29
2/16/1317:26:41
2/16/1317:37:01
2/16/1317:56:28
2/16/13 17:56:50
2/16/1318:03:35
2/16/1318:12:35
2/16^1318:13:01
2/16/1318:14:01
2/16/1318:15:13
2/16/1318:19:23
2/16/1318:22:55
2/16/1318:22:57
2/16/13 18:27:05
2/16/1318:28:33
2/16/1318:35:57
2/16/1318:50:55
2/16/1318:51:19
2/16/1318:52:04
Outbound
(203) 908-5050
(203) 954.8238
(2D3) 954-3238'
CALLED_NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLING NBR
(203) 30S-6984
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-6984
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 751-2553
(203) 954-8235
(203) 996-5436
(203) 354-8238
(203)308-5104
(203) 308-6984
(203) 308-6984
(203) 308-6984
(203) 308-6984
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-S984
(203) 954-823S
(203) 231-1627
(203) 231-1627
{203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627

CDMA ' twork
1ST CELL
40128
40123
G
40164
40056
40056
30002
30001
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
0
20177
30112
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
40164
40128
0
0
0
0
40128
40128
40128
0
13 of 30
LAST CELL
40128
20164
40164
40056
40056
30002
30001
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
30075
0
20037
30112
0
0
0
0
0
40128
0
40128
40128
0
0
0
0
40128
40128
40128
CT>
DIALEDJ31GITS
M_R_#
Outbound
Inbound
2/16/1319:48:03
2/16/13 19:56-.24
2/16/1319:50:03
2/16/1319:54:55
2/16/1319:55:48
2/16/13-i9;50:07
17
124
122
27
0
END_DATE
DURATION (SEC)
START_DATE
2/16/1319:03:20 | 0
2/16/1319:03:20
0
2/16/1319:08:47 | 2/16/1319:08:47^
0
2/16/1319:10:13 \ 2/16/1319:10:13
2/16/1319:15:46 | 2/16/13 19^5;46
0
8
2/16/1319:25:40 | 2/16/1313:25:48
0
2/16/13 19:39;50 | 2/16/1319:39:50
2/16/1319:45:10! 2/16/1319:45:10
0
2/16/1319:46:16
2/16/13 19;45;5B
Outbound
2/16/1319:48:06
2/16/1319:54:28
2/16/13 19:55:48
2/16/1319:56:24
2/16^13 21;54:20
2/16/1322:03:04
2^6/1322:03:05
2/16/1322:03:44
2/16/13 22:30;t5
RoufedLCall
Routed_CalI
2/16/1322:43:20
Inbound
Inbound
inbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/17/13 3;35:01
2/17/130:07113
Outbound
Outbound
2/17/133:15:18
2/17/133:19:54
2/17/133:33:57
2/17/13 3;35:01
2/17/134:31:53
2/17/134:53:56
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
23
0
0
28
0
140
36
124
241
149
70
0
98
6
8
0
0
0
0
D
Outbound
RoutecLCall
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/17/13 4-.54:44
Inbound
Outbound
2/17/134:54.44
2/17/134:31:53
2/17/134:53:28
2/17/134:59:06
2/17/135:10:55
2/17/135:35:12
2/17/135-56:11
2/17/135:57:20
Routed Call
Ou&ound
2/17/134:56:46
2^17/135:10:19
2/17/135:33:08
2/17/135:55:48
2/17/13 5:57:20
RoutecLCaII
2/16/1321:54:20
2/16/1322:03:04
2/16/1322:03:05
2/16/1322:03:44
2/16/1322:30:15
2/16/13 22:43:25
2/16/1322:58:41
2/16/1323:01:48
2/16/1323:41:58
2/16/1323:55:32
2/16/1322:54:40
2/16/1322:59:19
2/16/13 23:40:48
2/16/1323:55:32
2/17/130:05:35
2/17/133:13:12
2/17/13 3:19:46
2/17/13 3:33:57
inbound
Outbound
Routed.Cail
Inbound
Inbound
(203) 854-8238
(203) 893-02S2
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203} 893-0262
(203)512-1376
(203)512-1376
(203) 55^6238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-5238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203] 231-1627
(203) 954-823S
(203) S93-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) S93-0262
(203) 954-8238
[203) &93-0262
(203)331-5338
(203) 893-0262
(203)512-1376
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954.8238
(11203)554-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 883-7860
(203) 893-0262
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-823&
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1854
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(20$) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(313)283-0518
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 95^8238
CALLED, NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALL1NG__NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203)231--l627
(313)283-0518
(203) 260-1864
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1527
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-1627
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(313) 283-0518
(313) 283-0518
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-B238
(203) 893-7860
(203)512-1375
(203) 893-0262
(203) 833-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
(203) 354-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) S93-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-8238
SPRINT NEXTEL CORPORATEON

CDMA' twork
REPOLL_#
521
507
507
508
420
518
292
420
420
420
420
533
294
297
506
510
510
532
420
420
420
420
291
420
420
420
528
526
296
420
515
420
420
420
420
516
1ST CELL
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
40128
0
14 of 30
IAST CELL
0
0
0
0
0
0
40128
0
40128
0
0
20054
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20164
40128
20002
0
20054
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20164
40128
20002
0
0
0
40128
0
40128
0
20309
40128
20164
40128
0
20164
40128
20164
40128
0
"^
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
2/17/13 7:35:25
IV1_R_#
2/17/136:06:36
2/17/137:34:01
2/17/13 7;44:27
DSALEDJ31GITS
Inbound
2/17/13 7-:42:49
2/17/139:17:40
Routed Call
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
2/17/139:15:14
2/17/139:17:09
2/17/13 9l20.:49
START J)ATE | END^DATE

"2/17/13 5:59:02 S 2/17/135:59:02
2/17/13 6:00:39
2/17/136:00:39
2/17/136:02:10
2/17/13 6:02;10
2/17/136:03:20
2/17/13 6:03:20
2/17/136:05:26
2/17/136:06:36
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Routed Call
2/1.7/13,9:19:55
2/17/13 6:05:26
(203) 954-8236
Outbound
CALUNG_NBR
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954-8238
(203)331-5338
(203) 954-823&
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954.8238
(203)331-5338
CALLED_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954-3238
(203) 331-533S
(203) 954-8233
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203} 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
. (203) 331-5338
Routed_Call
Routed Call
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed _Cai!
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Cal!
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed_Call
Outbound
Routed,,Call
2/17/139:22:15
2/17/139:22:06
2/17/13 10:05:13
2/17/1310:05:10
2/17/1310:35:16
2/17/1310:35:11
2/17/1310:40:50 2/17/1310:40:56
2/17/1311:05:35 2/17/1311:05:35
2/17/1311:20:50 2/17/1311:20:50
2/17/1311:42:21
2/17/1311:42:21
2/17/1311:50:55
2/17/1311:50:59
2/17/13 12:35:36
2/17/1312:35:36
2/17/13 12:44:45 2/17/1312:44:45
2/17/1312:54:27 2/17/13 12:54:27
2/17/1312:54:40
2/17/1312:54:40
2/17/13 12:57:23 2/17/1312:57:23
2/17/1313:12:59
2/17/1313:12:59
2/17/1313:20:17 2/17/1313:20:17
2/17/13 13:29:43 2/17/1313:29:51
2/17/1313:35:27
2/17/1313:35:27
2/17/13 13:37:26
2/17/1313:37:26
2/17/1313:37:58 i 2/17/1313:37:55
2/17/13 13:38:29' ^2/17/13 13:38:29
2/17/1313:40:39
2/17/13 13:40:39
2/17/13 13;40;39 2/17/1313140:39
2/17/1313:41:01
2/17/1313:40:54
2/17/1313:41:01 ; 2/17/1313:41:01
2/17/1313:42:27 2/17/1313:42:32
2/17/139:15:29
(334) 391-3126
(334)331-3126
(203) 331-5338.
Routed Call
(2Q3>-331-5338
(203.) 9.54-8?38
(203) 954-8236
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)1954954-8238
605-9495
(203)|605(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203)231-5011
(11203)954-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 305-7302
(203) 954.8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 305-7302
(11203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203)331-5338
(203) 308-6984
(203)997-1606
(203) 997-1606
(203)231-5011
(203) 419-S673
(203) 60&-9495
(203) 996-5436
(203)231-5011
(203) S93-7860
(203) 605-9495
(203) S54-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954.8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 99S-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203} 996-5436

CDMAF twork
0
0
0
0
0
0
40128
20164
40128
0
40128
0
203D9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1ST CELL
DURATION (SEC) | REPOLLJt

508
518
508
517
508
524
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
293
293
293
420
293
513
0
0
0
0
0
84
98
15
31
54
9
3
5
6
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
521
291
516
513
526
15 of 30
LAST CELL
0
0
0
0
0
0
40128
20164 ,|
40128
0
20309,.
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
a
0
0
511
o I o
420
527
508
522
532
511
420
516
420
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
5'
^Vl.'
^
<
(11203)954-8238
(475)202-6195
(475)202-6195
(475)202-6195
(11203)354-8238
{203} 997-1606
(203) 354-8238
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203) TT7-7777
(203) 954^238
(11203)954-8235
(203)512-1376
(203) 996-5436
(11203)954-8238
(203) S54-S238
(203) 893-7660
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)854.8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-6238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 516-5247
(203) 954-8238
CALLED._NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLENG^NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 8S3-7860
(203) 303-S065
(203) 30S-6984
(203) 996-5436
(334)391-3126
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 893-7360
(203) 393-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 535.9220
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) Q54-823S
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) SS6-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 9SS-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
C334}391-3126
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(475)202-6195
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
CDMA twork
DIALE^DIGtTS
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-76S5
(203)516-5247
(203) 954-B238
(203)512-1376
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-6233
(203)997-1606
(203) 777-7H7
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-8238
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-8238
(475) 202-61S5
(475) 202-B195
(475)202-6195
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-1606
2/17/1318:43:40
START_DATE
END_DATE
2/17/13 13:44:14 2/17/1313:44:14
2/17/1313:44:38 2/17/1313:44:33
2/17/1314:28:54 2/17/1314:30:32
2/17/1314:33:25 2/17/1314:34:42
2/17/1316:34:20
2/17/13 16:34:07
2/17/13 16:34:14 2/17/1316:34:28
2/17/1317:03:44 2/17/1317:04:02
2/17/1317:04:08 ! 2/17/1317:04:20
2/17/1317:21:39 2/17/1317:21:39
2/17/13 17:24:50
2/17/13 17:37:39
2/17/1317:50:09
2/17/1317:51:41
2/17/13 17:57:45
2/17/13 18;17:40
2/17/1318:18:09
2/17/1318:18:39
2/17/13 18:24:03
2/17/1318:30:53
2/17/1318:34:37
2/17/1318:35:57
2/17/1318:36:13
2/17/1318:40:14
2/17/1318:40:29
2/17/1315:41:42
2/17/13 18:43;08
2/17/1318:43:11
2/17/1318:44:46
2/17/1319:03:14
2/17/13 19:03:31
2/17/1319:04:40
2/17/13 19:05:16
2/17/1319:05:32
2/17/1319:11:35
2/17/1319:16:00
2/17/13 17:24:50
2/17/1317:37:39
2/17/13 17:50:49
2/17/1317:53:13
2/17/1317:57:45
2/17/13 18:17:40
2/17/1313:18:18
2/17/1318:20:20
2/17/1318:24:46
2/17/1318:30:5$
2/17/13 18:34:37
2/17/1318:35:57
2/17/1318:37=18
2/17/1318:40:14
2/17/13 18:41:05
2/17/1319:42:18
2/17/13 1S:44:2S
2/17/1318:43:11
2/17/1318:44:26
2/17/1318:47:38
2/17/1319:03:14
2/17/1319:03:51
2/17/1319:05:12
2/17/13 19:05:20
2/17/1319:06:00
2/17/1319:11:37
2/17/13 19:16:26
Inbound
M_R^#
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed Call
RoutecLCa!!
Routed ,Cai
inbound
RoutecLCaii
Inbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Routed.Cali
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Cat;
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Call
517
REPOLL_#
1ST CELL
0
294 | 0
DURATION (SEC)
0
420
420
420
420
420
420
510
509
50S
420
420
293
420
42D
420
420
513
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
40128
20309
20309
80309
40309
20309
20309
420
420
30154
30056
80309
420
420
40309
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
0
80309
20309
20309
20309
0
0
80309
20303
80309
20309
20309
40309
93
77
13
14
18
12
0
0
0
40
92
0
0
9
101
43
5
0
0
65
0
36
36
78
0
46
172
0
20
32
4
28
2
26
16 of 30
LAST CELL
0
0
20303
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
0
0
0
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
0
40309
20309
20309
40164
30154
30056
CM
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
Outbound
2/17/1319:30:17
2/17/1319:17:0$
2/17/1319:17:59
2/17/1319:22:24
2/17/1319:22:35
2/17/1319:25:52
2/17/13 19:26:40
2/17/1319:28:07
2/17/1319:29:12
2/17/1319:30:21
2/17/1319:26:27
2/17/1319:32:31
2/17/13 19:28:12
2/17/13 19:29:12
STARTJ3ATE
Routed Call
2/17/1319:32:09
2/17/13 19:43:30
2/17/1319:46:03
2/17/13 19:50=00
2/17/1319:56:51
2/17Y13 19:57:00
2/17/13 19:57:40
2/17/13 20:05:34
2/17/13 20:09:18
2/17/1320:09:16
M_R_#
Outbound
Routed Call
2/17/13 19:32:07
2/17/1319:41:19
2/17/1319:45:47
2/17/1319:46:17
2/17/1319:56:34
2/17/1319:57:00
2/17/1319:57:07
2/17/1320:05:02
2/17/1320:08:38
D!ALEDJ)1GITS
Outbound
2/17/1320:03:40
CALLED^NBR
Routed_Cal!
(203) 954-7685
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Outbound
RoutecLCalS
inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbounci
2/17/13 2-[:35;51
Outbouncf
2/17/1321:36:23
2/17/1321:37:06
2/17/1321:38:23
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbounci
Outbound
(203) 343-8245
(203) 751-^089
(203) 954-8238
(203)518-5247
(203)908-5104
(203)419-8673
(203) 906-5050
(203) 997-1606
(203) 906-5050
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-823B
(203) 954-823B
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
(203)997-1606
(203) 996-5436
(11203)954-8238
(203)957-1606
(203)516-5247
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203)997-1606
(2035854-6238 ; Inbound
2/17/1321:39:21
2/17/1321:19:21
2/17/1321:21:27
2/17/1321:22:43
2/17/1321:31:34
2/17/1321:34:01
2/17/1321:35:48
2/17/1321:36:16
2/17/1321:37:02
2/17/13 21;37;39
2/.17/13 21:12:37
2/17/1320:13:54
2/17/1320:24:50
2/17/1320:42:38
2/17/1321:03:35
2/17/1321:11:02
2/17/1320:12:36
2/17/1319:23:09
ENDJ3ATE
2/17/1319:17:15
2/17/1319:19:41
2/17/1313:22:24
CALLING NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
[203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) $96-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 854-8238
(203) 996.5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-543S
(203) 893-0262
{203} 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203)397-1606
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203) 997-1606
(203) S54-8238
(203) 419-8673
(203) 906-5050
(203) 997-1606
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203)516-5247
(203) 954-823S
(203)516-5247
(203) 996-5436
(203) 606-5248
(203) 954-7685
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-7685
(11203)954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(11203)954-8238
(11203)934.8238
(203) 996-5436
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-823$
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8235
(203) 954-8238
203) 954-8238
(203)51&-5247
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 95^6238
(203) 954-8238
2/17/13 20:11;50
2/17/1320:13:09
2/17/13 20:24:40
2/17/13.20:41:40
2/17/1321:00:40
2/17/1321:10:31
2/17/1321:12:07
2/17/1321:15:55
2/17/1321:19:43
2/17/1321:21:40
2/17/13 21;31:34
2/17/1321:32:32
2/17/1321:35:48
(203) 354-8238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 516-5247

CDMA' twork
DURATION (SEC)
7
102
0
34
35
351
5
0
4
2
131
16
223
17
0
33
32
40
REPOLL. If.
420
420
524
420
420
420
420
523
420
420
420
420
420
420
293
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
292
420
420
420
420
36
46
45
10
58
175
31
30
206
104
63
0
89
0
25
39
420
420
33
52
1ST CELL
40056
40056
0
30001
40006
4000S
40006
0
40006
40006
40056
40120
20154
17 Of 30
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
2030S
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
40309
20309
40309
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
80309
20309
LAST CELL
40056
40056
0
30037
40006
40006
40006
0
40006
40006
30212
40120
40164
0
0
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
40309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
co
^.
D!ALED_DIG1TS
(203) 997-160S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8235
(203) S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
M_R_#
Outbound
inbound
Routed Call
I Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/17/1321^44:29
2/17/1321:43:39
2/17/1321:43:22
2/17/1321:42:53
2/17/1321:42:59
2/-17/13 22:03:28
2/17/1321:52:20
2/17/1321:54:04
2/17/1321:54:59
2/17/1321:44:49
2/17/-(3 21:44:19
2/17/1321:43:35
START J3ATE | EN D__DATE

2/17/1321:39:25 ! 2/17/1321:39:58
2/17/1321:40:14 j 2/17/1321:40:25
2/17/13 21:40:27 ! 2^17/1321:41:30
2/17/1321:40:33 2/17/1321:40:33
2/17/1321:41:30
2/17/1321:40:41
2/17/1321:41:43 2/17/1321:41:48
2/17/1321:41:44 | 2/17/1321:41:46
2/17/1321:42:47
2/17/1321:42:19
2/17/1321:42:31
2/17/1321:42:31
2/17/1321:42:51
2/17/1321:43:13
2/17/1321:42:53
2/17/1321:43:14
Outbound
2/17/1321:51:47
2/17/1321:52:18
2/17/1321:53:47
2/17/1321:54:15
Outbound
Routed Cali
2/17/1322:03:28
2/17/13 22:22:55
2/17/1322:17:16
2/17/1322.18:50
2/17/1322:18:19
2/17/1322:20:05
2/17/1322:20:45
2/17/1322:20:53 2/17/1322:21:25
2/17/1322:26:06 2/17/1322:30:33
2/17/1322:31:14
2/17/1322:31:12
2/17/1322:54:02 ] 2/-t7/1323:01;00
2/17/1323:07:03 \ 2/17/1323:07:03
2/17/1323:07:09 2/17/1323:11:10
2/17/13 23:35:48
2/17/1323:36:28
2/17/1323:41:12 2/17/1323:41:12
2/17/1323:45:37
2/17/1323:46:47
2/17/1323:56:29 ] 2/17/1323:55:29
2/17/1323:56:33 2/17/1323:57:17
2/18/130:01:09
2/16/130:01:09
2/18/130:11:21 | 2/18/130:11:21
2/17/1321:5-1:47
Inbound
(203)516-5247
(203) 516-5247
<203) 954-8238
(203)516-5247
(203)516-5247
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed_Ca!I
RoutecLCalI
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) S08-5104
(203) 906-5050
(203) 305-7302
(203) 906-5050
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-823&
(203) 908-5104
(2&3) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238 -r~
(203)954-8238 | {203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 808-5104
(203) &93-7860
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(11203)954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203)308-5104
(203) 906-5050
(203) 305-7302
(203) 516-5247
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-823B
(203) 954-823&
(203) 893-0262
(203) 516-5247
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CALLS D_NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALL1NG_NBR
(203) 954-823S
(203) 906-5050
(203)516-5247
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 906-5050
(203) 516-5247
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 908-5104
(203) 906-5050
(203) 90&.5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) SO&-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 998-5436
(203) 954-8238
CDMA' twork
33
11
63
0
49
5
420
REPOLL_#
420
420
420
420
420
420
1ST CELL
20309
20309
20309
80309
20309
DURATION (SEC)
80309
20309
80309
40309
Q
80309
20309
0
28
0
22
0
15
13
40
20
0
2
17
44
0
339
31
40
32
40128
20309
0
40309
80309
40309
2Q309
20309
20309
80309
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
40309
20309
20309
20309
20309
80309
20309
267
2
420
295
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
514
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420.
420
420
418
0
241
40
420
420
510
420
420
70
0
44
0
0
IS of 30
LAST CELL
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
0
40128
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
20305
0
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
20309
0
20309
0
20309
0
0
^r
"^
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
(203) 954-8238
(2033 260-1864
(203) 777-7777
(-(1203)954-8238
(203) 954-S23&
(11203)954-8238
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954-8238
CALUNG_NBR
CALLED_NBR
(203) 99S-5436 | (203) 954-6235
(203) 996-5436 (11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-B238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436 (11203)954-8238
(203) 996-5436 (11203) 954-8238
(203) 9S6-5436 {11203)954-8238
(203} 996-5436 (11203)954-8238
(203) 996-5436 (11203) 954-8238
(203)908-5104 (11203)954-8238
(203) 996-5436 ((1203)954-8238
(203) 996-543S (11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)278-9582
(203) 893-5885 (11203)954-8238
(203) 893-5885 (-11203)954-8238
(203) 893-5885 (11203) 954-8238
(203) 893-5885 (11203)954-8238
(203) 893-5885 (11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203)331-5338 (11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203) 535-9220
[203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-5238
(203)685-1346
(203) 9&4-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)331-5338
CDMA' twork
43
DURATION (SEC)
420
420
420
420
420
420
Routed Call
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
DIALED_D!Grre
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-5238
REPOLLJt
183
182
59
0
0
54
32
7
4
5
10
8
END DATE
2/18/130:12:07
2/18/130:12:13
2/18/13 0:12:17
2/18/130:12:54
2/18/130:13:47
2/18/130:16:18
2/18/130:18:30
2/18/130:41:29
STARTJ3ATE
0
24
42
2/18/130:11:24
2/^8/130:12:08
2/18/13 0:12:17
2/^8/130:12:30
2/18/13 0:13:05
2/18/130:16:18
2/18/130:16:20
2/18/130:41:29
2/18/130:44:23
Inbound
Outboursd
2/18/130:41:41
Routed_CaH
Routed Call
Routed_Call
Routed._Cail
Routed ._Call
RoutecLCal)
Routed Call
Routed Call
Inbound
RoutecLCali
Routed_Cali
Outbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
420
Inbound
M_R_#
Inbound
130
0
162
9
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
2/18/13 0:48:51
2/18/13 0:50:42
2/18/13 0:53:25
2/18/130:56:27
2/18/131:00:31
2/18/131:03:57
2/18/131:05:07
2/18/13 1:08:07
2/18/131:37:24
2/18/133:16:38
19 of 30
20309
20309
20309
0
0
20309
0
20309
D
0
40128
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
0
40309
0
20309
0
LAST CELL
20309
20309
40309
2030S
0
2/18/130:48:42
2/18/130:50:32
2/18/13 0:53:17
2/18/130:56:20
2/18^131:00:27
2/18/131:03:52
2/18/131:05:00
2/18/131:08:03
2/18/13 1:36:54
2/18/133:16:31
1ST CELL
40309
0
80309
20309
40164
80309
203D9
80309
40128
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
40303
20309
0
0
0
Routed Call
0
0
2/18/133:17:21
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
2/18/133:17:17
420
Routed..Call
4
30
7
4
6
9
Roufed.CaIt
20309
20309
0
0
20309
0
20309
0
80164
40128
20309
294
420
420
420
292
420
420
20309
20309
20309
4012B
420
420
420
420
17
96
131
2/18/13 9:15:24"~| 2/-E8/13 9:15:41
2/18/133:22:18
2/1S/13 3-22:12
2/18/133:24:49
2/18/133:24:40
2/18/13 3:35:34
2/18/133:35:29
2/18/133:43:44
2/18/13 3:45:55
2/18/137:21:36
2/18/13 7:21:13
2/18/138:07:30
2/18/138:07:30
2/18/138:11:50
2/18/13 8:11;50
2/18/138:22:16
2/18/138:19:13
2/18/138:19:15
2/18/138:22:^7
2/18/138:23:44
2/18/138:24:43
2/18/138:33:44
2/18/138:33:44
2/18/138:56:51
2/16/138:56:51
2/18/138:56:58
2/18/138:57:52
2/18/139:04:09
2/18/139:04:41
2/18/139:08:09 I 2/18/139:09:45
420
523
Outbound
23
Routed_Ca!i
(203) 954-523S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S235
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-823S
(203) 954-823&
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S06-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 331-533&
(203) S54-S238
(203) 260-1864
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-8238
"?
^r
<
(203) 305-7302
(203)997.2914
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 905-5050
(203)331-5338
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(11203) 954-823&
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(2Q3) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
{203)260-1864
(11203)954-8238
(203) 334^555
(203)913^112
CALLED_NBR
(203) 954-3238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUNG_NBR
(475)202-6197
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 331-5338
(203) 954-8238
(203) S96-543S
(203) 954-823S
(203) 996-5436
(203) 906-5050
(203) 996.5436
(203) 996-643B
(203) 605.9495
(203) 260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203)231-5011
(203) 606-5248
(203) S54-S238
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 685-1346
(11203)954-6238
(203) 954-5238
(203)685-1346
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
{203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 685-1346
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203)997-2914
(203) S35-9220
CDMA.^ twork
Enbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
RoutecLCaEI
Outbound
Routed.Calt
Inbound
Outbound
RoutecLCall
inbound
Inbound
2/18/1312:30:13
2/18/1312:31:51
2/18/1312:32:57
2/18/1312:35:02
2/18/1312:30:03
2/18/1312:30:19
2/18/1312:31:56
2/18/1312:35:17
2/-18/13 12:35:02
2/18/1312:30:03
5
140
0
END_DATE
START_DATE
DURATION (SEC)
2/-18V13 9:26:52
12
2/18/139:26:40
2/18/139:27:38
2/18/13 9:28:09
31
2/18/139:28:28 ; 2/18/139:32:27
239
2/18/139:36:12 J 2/18/139:36:12
0
2/18/139:36:17 \ 2/18/139:38:08
111
2/18/1310:36:43 2/18/1310:36:43
0
2/18/1310:40:10 2/18/1310:40:21
11
2/18/1310:52:33 2/18/1310:52:33
0
2/18/13 10:52:36 2/16/1310:54:45
129
2/18/1310:58:24 2/18/13 10:58:35
11
2/13/1310:58:25 2/18/1310:58:30
5
2/18/1310:58:39
2/18/1310:59:03
24
2/15/1310:58:48
2/16/1310:58:48
0
2/18/1311:12:04 [ 2/18/1311:12:04
0
2/18/1311:15:53 2/18/1311:16:53
60
2/18/1311:20:15 2/18/13 11 -22:15
120
2/18/1311:24:41
2/18/1311:24:41
0
2/18/1311:24:46
2/18/1311:27:12
146
2/18/1311:27:42 2/18/1311:27:42
0
2/18/1311:27:46 2/18/1311:29:24
98
2/18/1311:32-21
2/18/1311:32:21
0
2/18/1311:37:11
2/18/1311:42:09
298
2/18/1311:45:27
2/18/1311:44:11
76
2/18/13 11:45:41
2/18/1311:45:41
0
2/18/1311:46:53 2/18/1311:47:58
65
2/18/131 1:47:46
2/18/1311:47:46 | 0
2/18/1311:50:17
359
2/18/1311:56:16
2/18/13 12:14:59
2/18/1312:14:46
13
2/18/13 12:22:03 2/18/13 12:22:07
4
2/18/1312:22:23
2/18/1312:23:10
41
2/18/1312:22:41
2/18/1312:22:37
4
0
0
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed _Cai!
RoutecLCail
Inbound
Outbound
Routed ,Call
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
DIALED^DIGITS
M_R_#
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
(203)913-4112 | Outbound
Outbound
(203) 334-4555
(203) 954-S23S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-S23S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203} 954-8238
[nbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
(203) 954-S238
(203) 906-5050
(203)331-5338
Outbound
Outbound
(203) 60S-5248
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(20$) 6S5-1346
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
REPOLL_#
420
420
420
420
420
521
420
420
420
420
420
420
510
510
420
420
420
420
420
420
513
420
420
294
420
292
420
20309
1ST CELL
20 of 30
0
40164
40164
0
40164
0
40164
40164
40164
40164
0
20309
20309
0
40164
40164
0
40164
0
40164
0
40164
401S4
LAST CELL
20309
20309
20309
0
20305
0
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
80309
20309
0
20309
80309
20309
0
20309
20309
0
0
40164
40164
80164
40164
80164
40164
0
40164
40164
40164
0
40164
.420 \ 40164
_420_j 40164
420 [ 40164
0
0
40164
40164
420 | Q
507
526
420
420
~29f~~'~i~0~
co
^-
(203) 260.1864
(203) 954^238
(203)260-1864
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1854
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 90S-5050
(203) 954-823S
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)280-1864
(11203)954-8238
(11203} 954-8238
(203) 685-1346
CALLED_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 685-1346
(203) 997-2914
(203)685-1346
(203) 685-1346
(203) 685.1346
(203) 685-1346
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-823S
(203)685-1346
(203) 334-4555
(203)685-1346
(203) 954-S236
(11203)954-8238
4/3/20139:39 AM
CALUNG_NBR
(917)474-7666
-3333
(203) 997-2914
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
{203) 954-8238
(475)202-6196
(2Q3)954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(917)474-7666
(917) 474-7666
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
<203) 260-1864
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203) 685-1348
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 507-4725
(203) 954-8238
(203) 507^725
(203) 685-1346
DIALED DIGITS
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/18/1312:52:49
START_DATE
2/18/1312:38:39
2/18/1312:42:13
2/18/1312:55:14
2/18/1312:40:37
2/18/1312:42:13
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 90S-5050
(203) 906-5050
53
173
61
0
33
420
420
420
420
511
37
0
30
52
J)___ ^
420
291
420
292
420
112 ! 420
J)___I 294
524
0
294
0
420
46
122
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
420
420
420
420
521
515
509
517
530
2S4
118
420
0
532
145
420
238
420
420
57
37
420
40
420
72 i 420
125
420
291
420
420
67
ENDJ3ATE ] DURATiON (SEC) \ REPOLL_#
inbound
M_R_#
inbound
Inbound
2/18/13 15;53:32
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Ou'tbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/18/1313:19:02
2/18/13 13:30:53
2rt 8/13 13:40:42
2/18/1313:52:05
2/18/1313:57:39
2/18/1314:20:02
2/18/1314:27:56
2/18/1314:33:20
2/18/1315:03:07
2/18/1313:16:51
Routed Call
2/18/1314:38:04
2/18/1312:57:00
2/18/1313:04:14
2/15/13 13:05:37
2/18/13 13:07:19
2/18/1313:08:29
Outbound
2/18/1315:03:02
2/1S/13 15:03:16
Outbound
Routed Call
2/18/1315:38:03
Outbound
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954"238
(203) 685-13^6
(203) 997-2914
(203) 685-1346
(203)685-1346
(203) 6S5-1346
(203) 685-1346
(203) 777-7777
(203) 954-8238
(203)685-1346
(203) 334-4555
(203)685-1346
Outbound
Routed Call
2/18/1313:00:58
2/18/1313:05:11
2/18/1313:06:14
2/18/1313:07:59
2/18/13 13:09:41
2/18/13 13:18:56
2/18/1313:23:53
2/18/1313:32:00
2/18/1313:41:15
2/18/1313:62:58
2/18/1314:00:32
2/18/1314:21:03
2/18/1314:27:56
2/18/1314:33:26
2/18/1314:40:06
(203) 954-S23&
(203)685-1346
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954.8238
Outbound
2/18/1315:42:24
2/18/1315:44:35
2/13/1315:46:31
2/18/13 15:47:00
2/18/1315:49:18
2/15/1315:49:28
2/18/1315:53:32
2/18/1315:57:13
Inbound
Outbound
2/18/13 15:57:13
2/18/1315:03:21
2/18/1315:38:03
2/18/1315:42:24
2/18/1315:44:35
2/13/1315:46:31
2/18/1315:47:00
2/18/1315:49:18
Inbound
2/18/1315:59:15
2/18/1316:01:37
2/18/1316:17:46
2/18/1316:25:33
2/18/1316:26:12
2/18/13 16:26:40
2/18/13 16;29:49
Inbound
Inbound
2/18/1315:49:28
inbound
2/18/13 15:58:30
2/18/1316:59:45
2/18/1316:17:09
2/18/1316:25:33
2/18/1316:25:42
2/18/1316:26:40
2/18/1316:28:57
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) S06-5050

CDMA "' .twork
1ST CELL
40164
0
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
20309
20309
0
20309
40309
0
0
0
0
0
21 of 30
LAST CELL
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
40164
20309,
20303
0
2030S
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
2030S
0
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
40309
0
20309
2030S
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
r^^-
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
2/18/1318:24:39
2/18/1318:24:59
START_DATE | EMD_DATE
2/18/1316:36:20 2/18/1316:36:20
2/18/1316:55:55 2/18/1316:56:36
2/18/1316:57:15
2/18/1316:56:50
2/18/1317:01:10 2/18/1317:02:04
2/18/1317:02:50
2/18/13 17:02:35
2/18/1317:19:31
2/18/1317:19:31
2^18/1317:23:22 2/18/1317:24:21
2/18/13 17:26:08
2/18/1317:25:19
2/18/1317:29:37 2/18/1317:33:19
2/16/13 17:30:58 2/18/1317:30:58
2/18/13 17:54:50 2/18/1317:55:20
2/18/1318:23:03 2/18/1318:23:22
M_RJt
Inbound
DIALED_D[G[TS
(203) 954-8238
{203} 997-2914
(203) 954-82S8
(203) 997-2914
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(860) 753-6017
(203) S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
(860) 753-6017
(203) 354-8238
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
2/1 &/13 18:25:13

2/18/1318:26:03
2/18/1319:00:51
2/18/1319:31:56
2/18/13 19:33:29
2/18/13 19:33:39
2/18/13 19:34:03
2/18/1319:34:19
2/18/13 19:35:05
2/18/1319:41:40
2/18/1320:00:47
2/18/1320:26:55
2/18/13 20:23:56
2/18/1321:18:21
2/18/1322:02:34
2/18/1322109:36
2/13/1322:10:19
CALLEDJ^BR
(203} 954^238
Outbound
2/18/1322:13:56
2/13/1318:25:58
2/18/1318:28:05
2/18/1319:01:18
2/18/1319:31:56
2/18/13 19:33:29
2/18/1319:33:39
2/18/1319:34:03
2/18/1319:34:19
2/18/1319:35:05
2/18/1319:41:40
2/18/1320:07:01
2/18/1320:26:55
2/18/1320:26:56
2/18/1321:18:21
2/18/13 22:02:34
2/18/1322:09:36
2/18/1322:10:19
2/18/1322:13:56
2/18/1322:15:10
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) S93-7860
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(8SO) 753-6017
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Inbound
2/18/1322:15:10
2/18/13 22:17:22
(203)231-5011
(203) 685-1346
(203)997-2914
(203)685-1346
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-50-11
Outbound
2/18/1322:17:22
(203) 8&3-7860
(203)685-1346
(203) 997-2914
(203) 685-1346
(203) 954-8238
(203) 95^8238
(203) 23T-5011
(203) 893-7860
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
Inbound
2/18/13 22:18:08
2/18/1322:20:16
2/18/1322:24:19
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
CALLING_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
[203) 954-8238
(203) 685-1346
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(860)753-6017
(203) S54-8238
(203)997-2914
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 893-7860
(203) 331-5338
(360)753-6017
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(B60) 753-6017
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203)231-5011
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203)231-5011
(203)231-5011
Outbound
2/18/1322:18:08
2/18/1322:20:16
2/18/1322:24:19
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 954-8238
CDMAr twork
0
41
DURATION (SEC)
517
420
REPOLLJ?
'25~~1~420
293
420
420
509
420
420
420
54
15
59
49
222
420
30
420
19
420
20
45
420
122
420
27
420
291
0
507
0
520
0
513
0
507
0
526
0
0
511
374
420
294
0
508
0
512
0
518
0
513
0
513
0
506
0
295
0
509
0
529
0
0 I 509
523
1STCELL
20037
40006
30075
30075
0
30075
4000S
40075
0
40075
20309
2030S
20309
20309
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22 of 30
LAST CELL
0
30006
40006
30075
30075
0
30075
40006
40075
40075
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
Q
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00
<
<
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
CALLING_NBR j CALLED_NBR^
(203) 231-5011
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 308-3899
(203) 954-S238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 906-5050
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(880) 753-6017
(203) 954-S238
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8235
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 9S6-5436 (11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-B238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 99S-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) S92-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 892-3D31
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954.8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031 (11203)954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 996-5436
(203) 997-2914
DIALED_D1G1TS
2/18/13 22:54:26 \ 2/18,1 Z22Â:26~[ ""~~~0
2/18/1322:25:36 j 2/18/1322:25:36 i 0
START_DATE | END_DATE | DURATiON^SEC^
M_R_#
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
inbound
Inbound
Routed_Cgilt
inbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8233
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
RoutecLCall
75
380
0
74
7
6
16
31
25
30
2/19/131:21:05
2/19/131:21:06
2/19/131:21:50
2/19/131:26:20
2/19/131:33:39
2/19/131:34:26
2/19/131:37:28
2/19/131:38:21
2/19/131:38:41
2/19/131:40:14
2/19/13 1:39:47
2/19/13 1:41:08
5
29
39
47
35
105
48
12
79
6
76
2/19/131:20:03
2/19/130:42:56
2/19/130:44:43
2/13/130:45:33
2/19/130:46:54
2/19/130:53:33
2/19/130:56:4S
2/19^31:08:09
2/19/131:12:24
2/19/131:12:43
2/19/131:13:34
2/19/13 1:14:23
2/19/131:16:28
2/18/1322:56:41 J 2
2/18/1322:58:49 | 44
170
2/18/13 23:27:25
323
2/18/1323:33:02
2/18/13 23:46:08
49
20
2/19/13 0:07:05
2/19/13 0:09:-!0
4
33
2/19/130:10:03
2/19/13 0:32-.56
IS
0
9
36
Ou&ound
2/18/1322;56:39
2/18/1322:58:05
2/18/1323:24:35
2/18/1323:27:39
2/18/1323:45:19
2/19/130:06:45
2/15/130:09:06
2/18/130:09:30
2/19/130:42:56
2/19/130:44:34
2/19/130:44:57
2/19/130:45:39
2/19/130:47:13
2/19/130:56:48
2/19/13 1;06:55
2/19/131:12:17
2/19/131:12:37
2/19/131:13:29
2/19/13 1:13:52
2/19/131:16:03
2/19/131:19:33
2/19/131:20:49
2/19/131:21:01
2/19/131:21:21
2/19/131:25:41
2/19/131:32:52
2/13/131:33:51
2/19/130:32:38
2/19/131:35-43
Routed .Call
Outbound
inbound
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
Outbound
(203) 308-3.899
Outbound
(203) 906-5050
Oufbound
(203) 906-5050
(203} 996-5436
Outbound
(203) 753-6017
Outbound
(203) 753-6017
Outbound
(880) 753-6017
Outbound
(203)954-8238 | Inbound
(203) 954-8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 507-4725
[203)997-1505
(203) 954-8238
(203) 392-3031
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
2/19/131:37:33
2/19/131:38:29
2/19/131:38:55
2/13/131:39:41
2/19/131l39l52
(203} 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238

COMA ' twork
REPOLL_#
293
513
530
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
23 of 30
40005
40006
40006
40006
1ST CELL i LAST CELL

0
0
0
0
20309
20309
40128
20309
20309
20309
4012S
20309
20309
40309
30111
30111
20111
20111
30154
30154
40006
40006
0
0
40006
40006
40006
40006
20037
20037
40006
40D06
0
0
40006
30075
40006
40006
40008
40006
40006
40006
30075
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
0
0
40006
40006
40006
4000G
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
30075
3007S
40006
40006
40006
40006
420
420
420
420
420
511
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
05
(203) 954.8238
Call Records for PTN 203&54S238
2/19/13-2:31:35
START_DATE ; END_DATE
2/19/131:40:52 1 2/19/131:41:00
2/19/131:41:13
2/19/131:41:38
2/19/13 1:42:12
2/19/131:42:18
2/19/131:43:54
2/19/13 1:43:07
2/16/131:46:06
2/19/13 1:46:45
2/19/131:48:52
2/19/131:43:39
2/19/13 1l4B:58
2/13/131:50:33
2/13/131:50:09 ! 2/19/131=50:32
2/19/131:51:01
2/19/131:50:55
2/19/13 1:55:56
2/19/132:06:30
2/19/132:07:03
2/19/132:12:08
2/19/132:27:45
2/-i9/13 2:28:36
2/19/133:37:21
2/19/133:38:02
2/19/133:38:44
2/19/134:13:23
2/19/139:33:02
2/19/131:56:04
2/19/132:06:39
2/19/132:07:06
2/19/132:12:43
2/19/132:28:14
2/19/132:29:56
2/19/132:32:02
2/19/133:37:59
2/15/133:38:39
2/19/133:39:21
2/19/134:13:47
Outbound
2/19/1312:07:43"1' '2/'19/13'12:08:02
2/19/1311:04:17 2/19/1311:04:17
2/19/1311:40:38 S 2/19/1311:41:16
2/19/1311:46:30 2/19/1311:51:03
2/19/1311:51:36 2/19/13 11:5-1:4S
2/15/1311:54:18
2/19/1311:54:50
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
RoutedjCall
Routed Call
Inbound
2/19/139:33:02
RoutecLCall
RoutecLCall
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
t^/LRj?
RoutecLCal!
Outbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Outbound
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-1505
(203) 997-1606
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-S238
Outfaound
Outbound
Routed_Cail
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
(203)997-1606
(203) 954-S23B
Outbound
Outbound
Enbound
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
2/19/1312:08:15 2/19/1312:09:14
2/19/13 12:12:30 2/19/1312:12:30
2/19/13-!2:13:03
2/19/1312:12:37
2/19/13 12;19;14 2/19/1312:19:17
2/19/1312:24:15 2/19/1312:25:10
2/19/1312:35:10
2/19/1312:35:46
2/19/1312:38:38 2/19/1312:38:56
2/19/1313:17:01
2/19/1313:17:01
2/19/1313:24:58 | 2/^9/1313:24:58
^CALLED_NBR | DtALED^DIGET^
(11203) 954-823S { (203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
[203) 954-8238
(11203)95^-3238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 892-3031
(203) &92-3031
(203) &92-303-1
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-3889
(203) 308-3889
(203) 3Q8-3S89
(203) 308^889
(203) 308-3889
(203) 308^889
(203) 9S7-2914
(203) 997-2914
{203} 997-2914
(203) 997-2914
(203) 9S7-2914
(203) 997-29U
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954.8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLING^ BR
(203) 892-3031
(203) S92-3031
(203) 996-5436
(203) 892-3031
(203) 892-3031
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 9S6-543S
(203) 996-5438
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 864-5679
(313)283-0518
(11203)554-8238
(203) 954-8233
(203)997-1606
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(20?)S97-1S06
(203) 997-1606
(203) 954-8238
(203) 305-9065
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823&
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 997-1606
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 305-9065

CDMA' twork
DURATION (SEC)
8
25
6
47
39
13
95
23
s
8
9
3
35
29
so
27
38
37
37
24
0
0
38
273
12
32
19
59
0
26
20309
80309
REPOLL_# 1ST CELL

420
40006
420 ! 40006
420
40006
40006
420
40006
420
420
30075
30075
420
30075
420
420
30075
40006
30001
30001
30001
20309
40309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
0
40309
20309
20309
40309
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
507
295
420
420
420
420
420
420
20309
0
40056
40006
30075
533'
420
420
420
420
420
420
55
36
18
0
0
291
0
0
24 af 30
LAST CELL
40006
40006
40006
40006
40006
30075
30075
30075
30075
40006
30001
30001
30001
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
0
20309
0
40056
30075
40006
0
0
10
v"
<
CALLED_NBR
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLING JMBR
(203) 996-5436
(11203)954-5238
(203) 954-8238 . (203)305-9065

(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(313)263-0518
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238 (11203)95^8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518 | (203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-S238
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
-3333
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-0729
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-238
(203) 996-543S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
D)ALED_D!GITS
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
[203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
START_DATE
2/19/1313:25:49
2/19/1313:28:08
END_DATE
2/19/1313:41:27
M_R_#
Outbound
Outbound
2/19/1313:50:19
2/19/1313:50:36
Inbound
Outbound
2/19/13 16:50:26
2/19/1313:25:49
2/19/1313:28:08
2/19/1313:41:27
2/19/13 13:50:19
2/19/1313:52:35
2/19/13 13:52:35
2/19/13 14:38:38
2/19/1314:39:06
2/19/13 15:05:18
2/19/13 14:54:24
2/19/1315:24:51
2/19^3 15:25:41
2/19/1316:10:01
2/19/1316:24:40
Outbound
Routed Call
2/19/13 16:50:24
2/19/1313:50:38
2/19/1314:38:38
2/19/1314:38:43
2/19/1314:50:34
2/19/13 14:54:24
2/19/13 15:24:51
2/19/13 15:24:58
2/19/13 16:09:56
2/19/1316:24:40
Inbound
Jnbound
2/19/1320:25:43
2/19^1320:25:56
2/19/1320:40:28
2/19/1320:06:19
2/19/13 16:54:40
2/19/1318:05:44
2/19/1318:11:42
2/19/13 18:17:26
2/19/1318:20:31
2/19/1318:20:38
2/19/1319:29:10
2/19/1319:30:00
2/19/1319:44:34
2/19/1319:54:16
2/19/1318:20:36
2/19/1318:21:10
2/19/1319:29:10
2/19/13 19:30:00
2/19/1319:44:34
2/19/1319:59:54
2/19/1320:17:18
2/19/1320:25:43
2/19^320:26:10
2/19/1320:40:28
2/19/1320:41:39
2/19/1321:14:51
Routed CaiS
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/19/1320:40:31
(203) 954-8238
(203) S54-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
inbound
Outbound
2/19/1321:14:51
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-Q238
Routed Cgil
Inbound
2/19/1321:56:23
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-8238
I Inbound
2/19/13 2-!:S5:20
2/19/1323-09:03
2/19/1322:03:12
2/19/1322:16:52
2/19/1322:18:11
Inbound
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Routed_Ca[)
Outbound
RoutecLCall
Inbound
inbound
Outbound
2/19/1322:02:41
2/19/1322:15:45
2/13/1322:17:07
2/19/13 16:54:57
2/19/1318:05:44
2/19/13 18:12:01
Outbound
2/19/13 23:09:03
2/19/1318:17:39
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 596-543S
(203) 584-0729
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
(203) 5S4-0729
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-5238
(203) 584.0729
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-0729
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-0723
(860) 753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CDMA "' twork
SPRXNT NEXTEL CORPORATION
529
DURATION (SEC) REPOLL_#

524
0
0
420
515
0
0
510
420
119
117
420
420
0
420
23
420
S84
506
0
420
0
420
43
420
5
507
0
420
2
17 I 420
0
506
19
420
420
13
5
420
32
420
510
508
420
420
420
420
420
294
420
420
420
420
420
420
0
0
338
659
0
14
0
68
0
63
31
67
64
0
25 of 30
LAST CELL
0
1ST CELL
0
0
20309
S0309.
0
0
20309
20309
20309
40309
0
20309
20309
0
0
20309
20303
0
20309
20305
0
40309
40309
40309
20309
0
0
0
20309
20309
0
20309
0
20309
0
20309
20309
80309
20309
20309
0
80309
40309
40309
0
20309
80309
20309
80309
0
0
20309
40309
0
20309
20309
0
40309
40309
40309
4Q30Q
40309
20309
40309
30309
in
<
(203) 331-5338
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(11203)954-5238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238 |
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 893-78SO
(203) 954-8238
(203) 735-2194
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
CALLED^NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
(313)283-0518
CALUNG_NBR
(860) 753-6017
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(313)283-0518
(313)283^1518
-7284
-3333
(203)331-5338
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 996-5436
(203) 396-5436
(203) 9S4-8238
(203) 893-7S60
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(313) 283-051S
(203) 735-2194
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(630)796-6518
(203) 954-823S
(630)796-6518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
<203) 954-8238
[203) 605-9495
(203) 308-9065
CDMA' twofk
START._DATE
2/19/1323:13:23
2/19/1323:15:46
2/19/13 23:52:01
2/20/130:14:39
2/20/131:14:23
2/20/13 1;30:02
2/20/13 1;31:10
END_DATE
244
DURATION (SEC)
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
2/20/135:52:06
2/20/139:42:22
2/20/13 5:52:06
2/20/131:58:41
2/20/13 2;13:31
2/20/132:15:33
inbound
inbound
2/20/13 5:56:10
2/20/136:18:04
2/20/136:18:24
2/20/137:24:01
2/20/13 7:24:31
2/20/137:23^0
2/20/138:42:48
2/20/138:46:02
2/20/139:11:23
2/20/139:18:15
2/20/13 9:28:44
2/20/139:34:57
2/20/139:35:08
2/20/139:35:26
2/20/139:36:17
2/20/139:37:08
2/20/139:37:39
2/20/139:39:52
2/20/139:41:09
2/20/139:43:46
(203) 354-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954.8238
(203) 954.8238
Outbound
Outbound
Routed.Cal!
Routed Call
Routed_Ca11
Inbound
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
(203) 996-5436
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/20/1310:00:42
2/20/13 -[0:00:09
Inbound
inbound
2/20/139:39:30
2/20/136:18:04
2/20/136:18:49
2/20/13 7:24:01
2/20/13 7:24:38
2/20/137:29:10
2/20/138:43:11
2/20/138:46:07
2/20/138:12^7
2/20/139:18:15
2/20/13 S;29:31
2/20/13 9:34:57
2/20/139:35:08
2^20/13 9:35:46
2/20/13 9:36:17
2/20/13 9:37:08
2/20/139:41:17
2/20/133:44:50
2/20/139:52:12
2/20/1310:00:09
2/20/13 10:00:47
47
0
0
20
0
0
111
85
73
67
55
69
0
5
25
0
7
0
23
5
49
0
11
6
0
0
0
0
0
82
0
0
24
2/19/1323:09:19
2/19/1323:15:22
2/19/1323:50:39
2/20/13 0:U:39
2/20/131:14:23
2/20/131:30:02
2/20/131:31:10
2/20/131:32:04
2/20/131:58:30
Inbound
2/20/132-13:25
DlALED.DIGiTS | M_R._#
(203) 954-8238
(203)231-5011
(203) 996-5436
Out&ound
2/20/132:15:33
Inbound
Outbound
2/20/139:42:39
2/20/-I3 1:32:04
Inbound
Routed Call
Outbound
(203) 331-5338
(203) 854-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)735-2194
(203) 954-8238
Outbound
RoutecLCai!
2/20/135:56:10
(203)735-2194
2/20/139:43:55
2/20/139:51:03
inbound
(203)331-5338
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
REPOLL_#
-'420'
420
420
295
527
507
531
507
420
420
294
506
294
510
420
420
420
520
420
420
420
294
420
513
513
420
510
524
420
420
420
420
420
420
292
420
1ST CELL
20303
20309
20309
0
0
0
20309
0
0
0
0
0
2030S
80309
20309
0
20309
20309
40309
20309
0
0
40309
0
0
40309
40309
20309
40309
20309
20309
0
0
26 Of 30
20309
LAST CELL
40128
20309
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
20309
0
20309
20309
20309
0
20309
0
0
20309
0
0
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
20309
0
CM
in
<
(11203)954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CALLED^NBR
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-823S
(203) 305-7302
(203)735-2194
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S23S
(203) 605-9495
(203)997-2914
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(11203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(11203)954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8233
(203) 334^(555
(203) 954-&238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-160S
(203) 996-5436
(203) 997-2914
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-623S
(313)283-0518
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALUNG_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
(313) 283-0518
(860) 753-S017
(203)735-2194
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(313) 283-0518
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-543S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-2914
(203) 99&.5436
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8236
(203)997-2914
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 605-9495
(203) 584-0729
(313)283-0518
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203)260-1864
(203} 996-5436
CDMA' twork
D!ALED_D1GITS
(203) 954-8238
(203)735-2194
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203) 954-8238
[313)283-05.18
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(2Q3) 334-4555
2/20/1310:03:35
START_DATE
2/20/13 10:02:07
2/20/1310:03:17
Inbound
Routed Call
Inbound
2/20/1310:56:28
Outbound
inbound
Enbound
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
174
0
238
0
0
0
0
17
201
48
5
0
24
217
150
5
173
0
68
30
35
45
0
DURATION (SEC)
0
0
2/20/1312:45:23
2/20/13 12:29:58
2/20/1311:31:46
2/20/1311:46:30
,2/20/1311:29:04
2/20/1312:59:06
2/20/1313:10:48
2/20/1313:09:22
2/20/1313:12:16
2/20/1313:14:46
2/20/1313:21:49
2/20/13 13:16=41
2/20/13 13:23:46
2/20/13 13:24:36
2/20/13 13:26:06
0
38
507
249
4
0
49
436
18
2/20/1310:02:07
2/20/1310:03:17
2/20/13 10:06:29
2/20/1310:06:02
2/20/13 10:13:43
2/20/1310:20:03
2/20/13 10:20:24
2/20/1310:21:31
2/20/1310:23:17
2/20/1310:31:37
2/20/1310;36l38
2/20/1310:34:49
2/20/13 10:36:44
2/20/1310:39:16
2/20/1310:42:40
2/20/13 10:46:29
2/20/1310:52:51
2/20/1310:54:31
2/20/1310:59:21
2/20/13-10:59:30
2/20/1311:20:35
END_DATE
inbound
M_R_#
Outbound
fnbounct
2/20/1310:06:02
2/20/1310:03:45
Outbound .
Outbound
2/20/1310:20:03
Outbound
2/20/1310:23:17
inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Inbound
2/20/1310:31:20
2/20/1310:33:17
2/20/1310:34:01
2/20/1310:36:39
2/20/1310:39:16
2/20/1310:20:24
2/20/1310:21:31
Outbound
2/20/13-i 0:42:16
Inbound
Outbound
Routed Call
2/20/1310:42:52
2/20/1310:50:21
2/20/1310:54:26
2/20/1310:59:30
2/20/1311:15:27
2/20/1311:28:34
Outbound
2/20/1311:31:11
Routed__Cat!
inbound
Inbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
RoutecLCall
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
(313)283.0518
(203) 954-8238
RoutecLCal)
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 997-1606
(203) 996-5436
2/20/1311:45^45
2/20/1312:29:58
2/2D/13 12l45:23
2/20/13 12:50:33
2/20/1313:05:13
2/20/1313:10:44
2/20/13 13:12:16
2/20/1313:13:57
2/20/1313:14:33
2/20/1313:16:23
2/20/13 13:23:46
2/20/13 13:24:36
2/20/1313:25:28
(203) S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203} S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
516
1ST CELL
27 of 30
LAST CELL
0
0
20309
0
2G309
0
0
0
40006
40006
40006
0
40006
40006
40006
0
40006
30212
0
40006
30075
30075
40006
0
0
40006
40006
40006
0
40006
40006
40006
0
20309
20309
20309
0
0
20309
20309
20309
4000S
20309
0
20111
0
40006
30075
30075
40006
0
20309
20309
0
0
20309
20309
0
0
40309
0
20309
0
2030S
0
REPOLL_#
509
420
517
420
511
511
531
525
420
420
420
420
523
420
420
420
420
420
293
420
420
420
420
518
508
420
420
420
510
420
420
420
517
293
420
co
LO
inbound
2/20/1315:39:55
2/20/1315:39:55
2/20/1313:32:11
2/20/1313:32:11
2/20/1313:37:50 ! 2/20/13 13:38:42
2/20/13 13:4T:T3"J~ 2/2p/13^_3:4_1^3
2/20/t313:44:07
2/20/1313:44:07
2/20/1313:46:29
2/20/1313:45:01
2/2D/13 14:59:41
2/20/13 14:59:41
2/20/13 15:'l8l19 2/20/13 15:1S;19
2/20/1315:20:04 2/20/1315=20:04
2/20/13 15:27:07 2/20/1315:27:07
END_DATE
Outbound
2/20/1315:40:24
2/20/13 16:01:04
START_DATE
M_..R#
Outbound
Routed Cai!
2/20/1316:01:18
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/20/13 16:14:57
2/20/1316=06:45
2/20/1316:09:01
2/20/1316:14:52
2/20/1316:15:22
Outbound
Outbound
2/20/1316:44:50
2/20^13 16:46:02
2/20/13-16:44:00
2/20/1316:41:24
2/20/1316:43:15
2/20/1316:46:36
2/20/1316:46:53
2/20/13 16;44:50
2/20/1316:46:02
2/20/1316:44:49
2/20/1316:25:50
2/20/1316:34:00
2/20/1316:34:21
2/20/13 16:38:12
2/20/13 16:36:15
2/20/13 16:39:07
2/20/13 16:41:12
2/20/13 16:43:04
2/20/13 16:43:54
Inbound
Outbound
2/20/1318:48:34
Outbound
Outbound
2/20/1313:48:03
2/20/1316:49:59
2/20/13 16:4&40
2/20/1316:49:17
2/20/13 16:48:03
Outbound
Inbound
2/20/1316:48:22
2/20/1316:48:40
2/20/1316:49:17
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
2/20/1316:46:36
Outbound
RoutecLCal!
2/20/1316:39:12
2/20/13 16:16:51
2/20/13 16:25:50
2/20/13 16:34:00
2/20/13 16:34:21
2/20/13 16:34:34
2/20/13 16:36:15
2/20/1316:39:07
Inbound
Routed Call
2/20/1316:17:13
Enbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)892-1440
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-543S
(203) 892-1440
(203) S96-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
2/20/1315:40:34
2/20/1316:01:04
2/20/1316:01:29
2/20/1316:06:45
2/20/1316:09:01
2/20/1316:14:52
(203) 512-1376
(203) 892-1440
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 892-1440
(203) 99&-5436
(203)512-1376
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(H203; 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 512-1376
(203) 997-2914
CALLED_NBR | DIALED_Dt(31TS
(203)260-1664 !
(203)954-8238 i (203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-5238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALL1NG_NBR
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 605-9495
(203)231-5011
(860) 753-6017
(203) 605-9495
(203) 954-8238
(203) 605-S495
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(345) 642-3564
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 892-1440
(203)397-2914
(203) 954-8236
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-9065
(203) 954-8238
(203) 9S4-823S
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-8238
(203) 354-6238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 554-8238
(203)892-1440
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
CDMA twork
295
420
507
507
420
510
520
294
509
REPOLL_#
S0309
1ST CELL
0
40056
0
0
30111
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28 of 30
DURATION (SEC)
420
420
526
420
420
420
513
530
420
420
518
420
533
420
420
420
20309
20309
20309
0
0
80309
20309
0
8030S
80309
20309
80309
20303
20309
20309
20309
0
0
0
20309
0
0
20309
0
20309
40056
0
0
40164
LAST CELL
0
52
0
0
88
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
20309
49
0
0
19
0
0
97
524
293
420
420
293
518
420
80309
20309
0
0
40164
39
21 S
25
22
0
0
0
11
0
120
420
420
420
10
100
298
20309
20309
20309
0
0
20309
0
0
20309
0
in
DIALED_DIGITS
Inbound
Inbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
RoutecLCall
Outbound
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8233
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
inbound
Outbound
Routed Call
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
(203)997-1606
(203)419-8673
(203)753-6017
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
,(860) 753-6017
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
REPOLL_#
LAST CELL
29 of 30
1ST CELL
0
40128
0
20309
40309
DURATION (SEC)
20309
80309
40128
20309
20309
20309
0
20154
80212
30212
30212
30212
30075
80075
30075
0
40128
80309
20309
40128
20309
0
40128
20309
20309
420
2/20/1317:42:25
2/20/1317:43:03
2/20/13 17:43:33
2/2G/13 17:44:01
2/20/13 17:58:35
2/20/13-[8:01:37
2/20/1318:02:05
2/20/13 18:21:38
2/20/1318:27:01
2/20/13 18:31:39
2/20/13 18:32:13
0
33
0
23
26
23
22
0
21
0
20309
0
0
20309
20309
20309
40309
40309
0
20309
0
20309
0
0
0
0
0
20309
20309
20303
2D309
20309
0
20309
0
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
511
533
420
' 30075
30212
30212
30075
30212
0
20154
0
20309
531
0
19
89
0
51
0
16
39
28
2/20/1318:43:34
0
0
532
508
516
506
2/20/1317:40:44
2/20/1319:29:10
2/20/1319:31:10
2/20/1320:00:43
516
420
420
420
420
420
420
294
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
420
527
420
420
420
2/20/1320:03:18
2/20/1320:05:10
2/20/1320:19:05
2/20/1320:20:16
2/20/1320:20:58
2/20/1320:23:19
2/20/13 2Q:25;02
2/20/1320:25:03
2/20/1320:27:17
2/20/1320:37:15
2/20/13 20:40-24
0
0
2/20/1320:04:11
0
0
61
49
13
98
67
65
75
0
38
ENDJ3ATE
2/20/1316:57:08
2/20/1317:16:54
2/20/1317:23:37
2/20/1317:24:00
2/20/13 17:28:06
2/20/1317:34-52
2/20/1317:36:53
2/20/1317:40:02
Call Records for PTN 203954S238
START_DATE
2/20/13 16;57;OS
2/20/1317:16:03
2/20/1317:23:37
2/20/1317:23:44
2/20/13 17:27:27
2/20/13 17:34:24
2/20/1317=36:44
2/20/13 17:40:02
2/20/1317:40:11
2/20/1317:42:25
2/20/13 17:42:40
2/20/13 17:43:07
2/20/13 17:43:38
MR#
Outbound
2/20/13 17:58:13
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
(203) 954-S238
Outbound
(203)512-1376
(203) 95^8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203)512-1376
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
2/20/1318:01:37
2/20/1318:01:44
2/20/1318:21:38
2/20/1318:26:59
2/20/1318:31:39
2/20/1318:31:54
2/20/1318:42:05
2/20/1319:29:10
2/20/1319:31:10
2/20/13 20:00:43
2/20/1320:03:18
2/20/1320:04:11
2/20/1320:05:10
2/20/1320:18:04
2/20/1320:19:27
2/20/1320:20:45
2/20/1320:21:41
2/20/1320:23:55
2/20/13 20:23:58
2/20/1320:26:02
2/20/1320:37:15
2/20V13 20:39:46
Routed Cat
(203) 308-9690
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-3889
(203) S54.8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 260-1864
(11203)954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203)512-1376
(203} 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 9S6-5436
(203) 954-8238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 954-8238
CALLED NBR
(203)512-1376
(203) 954-3238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLiNG_NBR
(203) S54-&238
(203) 99S-5436
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 354-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 996-5436
(203)260-1864
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203)512-1376
(203} S54-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 996-5436
(203) 954-8238
(860)753-6017
(203) 996-5436
(860)753-6017
(203) 954-8238
-3333
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-8238
(203) 5B4-2961
(203) 954-823S
(203) 954-8238
(860)753.6017
(203) 954-S238
(11203)954-8238
(203) 308-3S89
(203) 954-8235
(203) 308-9690
(203) S54-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) S54-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-323S
(203) 584-2961
(203) 537-1606
(203)419-8673
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(313)283-0518
(203) 954-8238
CDMA' twork
in
10
<
(11203)854-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-823S
(203)584-2961
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-5238
(203) 954-S23S
(203)308-3171
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 231-50S1
CALLED_NBR
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-8238
4/3/2013 9:39 AM
CALLING_NBR
(203) 954-6238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-S238
(203)231-5061
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-8238
(203) 584-2961
(203) 954-8238
(203) 308-3171
(203) 893-0262
(203) 954-8238
(203)308-3171
(313)283-0518
CDMA' twork
D[ALED_DIG!TS
(203) 893-0262
(203)231-5061
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-7685
(203) 954-8238
(203) 954-8238
Inbound
Outbound
Outbound
Outbound
REPOLL_#
1ST CELL
LAST CELL
30 of 30
DURATION (SEC)
0
0
28
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/20/1322:05:47
2/20/1321:30:29
2/20/1322:04:36
2/20/1322:05:30
2/20/1321:29:39
95
0
0
40
0
170
42
0
0
0
0
Inbound
2/20/1321:29:39
2/20/1321:30:29
2/20/1322:04:36
2/20/1322:07:05
2/20/1322:05:47
2/20/1322:06:05
Outbound
2/20/13 22:06:05
Inbound
Inbound
20309
0
0
20309
0
20309
0
20309
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
0
20309
2/20/1323:00-31
2/20/1321:13:29
2/20/1320:44:42
2/20/1320:51:23
2/20/1320:52:15
2/20/1320:52:49
2/20/1320:53:54
2/20/1320:54:12
2/20/1320:57:09
2/20/1321:00:03
2/20/1321:12:57
ENDJ3ATE
START_DATE
2/20/13 20:44:42
2/20/13 20:51 ;23
2/20/1320:51:47
2/20/1320:52:49
2/20/1320:53:14
U_RJf-
Outbound
2/20/1320:54:12
Outbound
Inbound
Outbound
2/20/1320:54:19
2/20/1320:59:21
2/20/1321:12:57
2/20/1321:13:29
0
0
20309
0
20309
80309
40309
40128
0
0
0
0
0
20309
0
0
20309
2/20/1323:00:27
inbound
297
512
420
529
420
420
420
420
510
515
509
518
513
420
522
507
420
Rotrted.Cail
CD
LO
ON-WAU.INGFORO 1
OH-WAU.INSFORD 2
ON.WAU.INGFORD 3
ON-WAiilNGFOftD 2
OW-WAtUNCFORO i
TSaxcsas
T33KC61W
T33XC6W
Toaxcan
ON-WAU.INSFQRO Z
T43:8ZO_
T03XC3S7
T43XC320
TMXC357.
XIN-WALUN6FORS 1
ON-WALUNeFDRO 2
ON.WAtUWSfORO 2
OK-WAlLlNCFOro t
OH-VrtUUNSFORO ;
BN-WAUJNSFOBTH
ON-WALUNGTORD 3
ON-WAUINGFORD 1
ON.WA1UNGFORD 1
OM-WAUiNSfOFlO 2
fflN'-WAUJNGFORD 2
OK-WAU.INGFORD 1
N-WALUNGFORO 3
OH.Vwy.lNS FpRO 2
s
s
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6
6
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roixan.
ON-WAU.INGFORO 3
naicaa
T43KCB6S
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naxcses
T43XCSSB
T43xcaao
T43XCBSO
^03X051
:T93XC3S1
^N-WALUNSfORO 2
^N-WALUNQfO(t&2
BlWAlUWGFOro^
m-v/AWGfaf.o^
CTl-WALUNGFORD Z
;OH.WALUt!SfORD2
:ON-WALUNGroRD 1
lON-WAUffllQFORO i
20
20
20
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20
20
!tt
20
zo
20
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Cell Site Locations for Wal!-2-Hart 01282013
iuilfoni Kocklantf
Htltord ftockimd
53 Old 5a lcm toad
TO RoAland Rd,
70 Rodtland Rti.
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tontuille Mofth
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14 sgBon p<n M
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399-2413 Main Strw
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3 ES.Z4U Main Street
Main Street
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Page 1 of 10
State v. Brown - Wesflaw
WESTUW
SELECTED TOPICS
2015 -WL 9809750
General Ruka ofCoaslmction
Only the Wcstlaw citation is cumsrtly available,
State Y, Vtwa
Plain Meaning IntciptELntiOn ofna

llnambigucus Statute
UNPUBLISHED OPINION, CHECK. COURT RULES BEFORE CmNG.
SupirimCiôfCouecrisiit.TadiudDi^clofNcwifavca.î.Dcu^b^JO^Sy^Kp^MttcdEiiA.M
\ 2013WL9ifl97iO
Co?. L, Rplr. 450
?/)n>r.5E^?/yStiMrcM
'SupeffoTCo'wf&fCbnSicWGt;""'""'"
= ""-"""-"i '$1
'--."".-..v"..
,..yy.^.
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
BBVELOJPhCEMTS 2007-200?
Judicial District ofNewHavea.
S3Coaa.BJ.105
STATE of Connecticut
...Connecticut's woAere1 camptiuation slalule
(lht"Att"), codified it Cliipt8r568 of TiHn 31,

(;iuntiu!OtodsKuMlal913.TboUgislahtn
!) toVwd why nnghtle cailed a Gctst
V.
Terrance BROWN.
CompromiK bchvccs ialior...
NO.CR100261382.
i 110. GcneMlIy
Dec.l0.20I5.
8ZC.J,S.Statutcs}<flO
CORRECTED CONSOLIDATED MEMORANDUM OF DECISION RE DEFENDANT'S

MOTIONS TO SUPPSJESSl
...The surtisgpntntlaiuiulotycofutroctiou is u
detemiiae ihele^JsIatiVtiatentfiomthelHlglifgc
of liic itatut; itself. Tte sUtutoiy woris should 6e
given the sniuuag intended by ths iawmAcis.
JONC. BLUE. Judge.
w._
i 475, TI^rnKKilttin coTtstriicitnn
I. INTRODUCTION
*I Conn. Gen.Stat. 54-47aaallowsa Judge of the Superior Court to grant an ex parts order, on a
showing of "reasonable and aitsculable suspicion," compciling tile disclosure ofcertaia teleptioafe and
Infemet records. Aittiough applications foE exparte ortiers pucsuant to (lie slatutc liave beeu quite
common at the Superior Court level <iuring the tea years of the statutes existence, the stahitoiy text
remains uaconstrued by either (he Appeliate or Supreme Courts. In the meantime, cellpEioae
tcclmology Iias clianged exponentially. As is often the case, modem technology has created both
c&Rveniencn and disturbitig possibiliries. Tha conv6nieace ofcellphon&s is weli lmo\vn; it is

increasingly isie to meet someone who (ioe&Q't cany one on his or her person. But with. this
coaveuience comes the possibility of an Orwetliaa stale.

The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom has recently explained thaE,
Historically, one of the main limifations ofthe power of the stats was its lack ofinforaiatiou and j(s
difficulty in accessiog cffioieatiy evco the infoimation it bad, The rapid sxpansiou over the last
century ofmaa's Eecbaical capacity for recording, preserving aad coliatiBg infonnasioa has
b-afisfonncd many aspects of our lives. One of its most significant coDsequeucea has been to sUft
the balance between iddividual autonomy and public power decisiwty iafavauT of the latter. In a
famous arriclft in the Harvard Law Review for 1890 ("TIie Right to Privacy, 4 HarvaidLR 193),
Louis Btaadeis and Charles Warren drew attentioo to the potftfltial for "recent mventions and
business methods" to uudcnainc the autonomy ofmdividuaia. and made the case for the legal
protection not just of privacy in its traditional sense but what they called "the more general rigtit of
the individual to be let alone." Brandds and Wairen were thinking mainly of photography and
arciuving techniques. In an age of relatively minimal govemment tliey saw the main threat as
coming from business wgamzations and (he press rather than the state. Their warning lias proved
remarkably prescient and of much wider application than they realised,
Rsgim v. Asswwiwn of 'Police Officers, [2015] AC 1065,1077 (S.C.U.K.20I5),
Modem ceISphone tecTuiology makes itpossible to track the movements and historic wltereabouls of
Ameiican citizetts in inoreasiagly accurate detail. T&e databases providing sucEi knowledge are held
by third party service providers. There is no dispute tlsat law suforccracnt officials caa access such
databases if they obtain wairauts based on probable causs. Whether they may constitutioiiaUy do so
without -was-aflls is the subjecl of lively judicial debate. But it must first be de tennined whether sucli
access is staiuiortfy pemiitted. As will be ssea, the answer to that qitestion is farfiom clear.1 Si this
uncertam setting, fee case of arepstitive thief with an uuusnalmcxiusoperandi and law eBfbrcemeot
officers dctenaiiicd to get him musi now be coRSutwed.
BiC.I.S.Sbtutiisjm
Jt is usenUaI tbat siatutes be ittad as
tonsHtutlng one hannonious whole.
CoaswjucDiiy, a statute i* to kt; oîiluiwd m

CQitjunciion wiUt Ulttf stltultl tn fta (nd liltt (hey
mayb<lbamninHiu;andco,.,
Set Moiu Stcondaiy Sources
Briefa
Joint Apptndu.
2BWWLl447iE6
BOARD OFBDUCATTOH OF THE Cmf
SCHOOL DISTRICTOFTHECITÔFNEW .
YORK, Petitioner, v. TOM P., oahehalfoF
GILBERTF., a miasf. Respondent.
SuiKeme Cnuriaf'llit United Staltl

Miy ll, 2007
..EN' C&luuet of RttoriFM* Counsel ofRiicoid
CourtofAppttti Docket S: 05-0566-wFiltd

2/3/05Nnut:3890STATOTES-OthnB<mduf
Educalioa v. F. Appeal fiDm: SCNY yi&W
YORK CnV) Case type infonnatio.-
JOINT APPENDIX, VOL. H

2013 WL 4509633
DOYLE RANDALL PAROUNE, PetitiODer, v.
UNITED STATES OF AMEMCA, ET AL,
Rdipondtnts.
Supreme Court, ofihe Tfaitul Siflits

Aug. 19.2013
,.JH* Coiunal ofatenri FOR. THE
aOVERNMENT: ?L WILLIAM P, BALDWIN

ASSfSTANTU.S.ATTORHer 110 North
Co1kgt.,N<i.700Ty1tr.T<;M^7570ZFORTHE
DEFENDANT: MR. F. R. "BUCK" FILES, JR.
BAtN FILES LAW PtMI..,
pRIEF FOR PETTriONERS AT & T

EAMO-Y FEDERAL CREDmJNION
AND CREDIT UNION NATtOKAL
ASSOCIATION, WC.
t9?7Wl.Z4iW.i
'Matioaal Credit Union Admiiiisbation. AT&T
FamUyFtdsial Credit Union, CreditUalon
Mitiona! Asiocjation, Inc. v. Firet Nayana) Ban!;
andTnirtCtt.
Supiisme Court oFthc United States

May 12,1997
D. THE FACTS
A171
Page 2 of 10
State v. Brown - V/estiaw
*2 Teirance Brown was initially arrested in 2010. He is charged v/Hh numerous counfs of crimes
involving burglary asd laiceny. The Motions To Suppress now before the court were filed on May 23^
2011, (See a. 1, supra.) After a delay ofDickcnsian proportions, an evittentiary hearing was held on
May 6, 2015. In addilion to tcslimomai evideace, the parties submitted a written stipulatiou ofjfacls
not in dispute. Potlowiflg another Dickensian delay, tlie MoEions were argued oa December 2, 2015.
As mentioned, Browahad aa unusual modus operandt. Accorduig to flie stipulatioa,
,FîtCoufl3rfoFLRew^t^}le^3pimaast3fthfi
tou rt of appcifs (MS standing and the merits are

reporteit st 988 FA11272 suui 90 F.3d 525
reipecfively, and ue rEprotluced al page! 2il and
la oflhB ajipemfix t.^
SeeMore Briefs
Trial Court 'PacumtBia
Tam BIIRE3; ond Morgan Burkt, v,
These proceedings are predicate d upon severai police investigations, in sever?!

Conaecficutjnrisdich'ons, into thefts ofATMmaciiines from numerous busmcss
establishmecfs located throughout the stale, whicii had allegedly oficimd behveen
July of 2010 and November of 2010. Part of tfaemo^wopeMnrf; of the Uiieves
CENTIERTOK'WOMENS HEALTH IN
CONNECTICUT, otal,
2003WL2i280082
Tua BURKE ud MotBm BuAt, v. CEKreR.
FORWOMENS HEALTH IN CONNEcnCUT,
involved in the burglaries was tho utilization of stolen, daik-colored Dodge Caravan
dal,
mini-vana as a means of breaking mto targflled business establishments and
Nov.;;, 2003
faansportiag from the premises of Ihose establishments cash-IadeiiATMmacbines
Superior Court of Connecticut.
...PuiCTmt td Frattlw 6ik { 17-44, tlin
dsfclidant.Maik Albint, M.D-, hereby move? for

summaty Judgment as to llicThiri! and Foyrih
CouBtsoftSidpiaicttffsKimpIaiBtonthsgitiBnds
located therem.
(Stipuiarion par. 1.)
that there Ifflti gen,,,
During the course oftlts police investigations of these incidents, three ex parte applicaiions were
Sfatc v. Sottrc
granted by the Superior Court,
SUOIWL361U2U9
Stole oCComiteUctit, v. Alt.t SOSTEIE, altaNoel
(1). On October 22,2&IO, the Court (Hoiden, J.) ordered T-Mobsle Conitaunicatioiis ("T-Mobiie") to
SflMK.
disclose tetephone jecords, incliiding basic sulscribsrinfoimatioa and caH-idenfLtying informatioa,
Dtc.l^ZCOl
pertaining to 4 Sylvan Way, Farsippaay, New .Tecs&y in reference to ccBphone numLer 203-685-2325
...ITadtr Conncttimt iaw. iEa dofeadmt ii
Superior Court of Connecticut.
for the period of July 29 to Seplembtf 29, 2010. The iaformati'on was to itic!uda "cellular site/tower
convtEltd of capital f;[ony,apcuikypit)Ctilftg

it h<!d iluring which the trier of fact must weiî
infonnatioa including addresses of cellular towers."The Rumber in question had been provided by
ajerarat>"sfa<!loiâi>tartinit)eA]ingraott>i's in
SouliiCTH Connecticut State Univeisity, where Brovm had beeHearoIled as a student,
(2) On November 15,2010, the Court (Shaban, J,) ordered T-M<Ai!e to disclose telephone records
including call-ideatifyiag mfonnation for teleplione number 203--551-4208, including live updates
from [T-Mbbtle] on celipiioac pings every ten minutes behveeu 00:01 [througli] 06:00 on 11/16/10
and 00:01 through &6;00 ou 1 !/17fl010." The police had detennmcd in the couise of their
mvesrigation that this number beloogcd to Bro^vn.
(3) On November 22,2010, the Court (Cremias, J.) ordered T-Mobiie to disclose telephocs records
includug call-identiiying infaratatton for telephone number 203-551-4208 "f<?rE91I pings every teu
minutes bstween 00:01 on 1 1/23/2010 thrOUgli U/25/IOtO endmg at 07:00 on TerrenGB Brown's cett
phone.
Importantly, the ex parte orders issued by Shaban and Cremins, JJf. are exclusively pFOSpecEive ia
Bature. They do not ptupArt to authorize the disclosure ofhislorical celipkoae infonEaEioB. Tkey
authorize only the disclosure ofccJiphone infbnnation that did not yet txist at the ttme of (tie
respective orders.
The parties stipulate that,

*3 As a result of the real time tracking of the defendant thiough the momtorijng oE
defeudaot's ceU site locatioa data, the polics were able to hack the defendant's
activities on November 23,2010, aud to thereby iocate an intlividaal nanicd "Ramon
Jfohnsoa," Theiea&er, thiough mteirogation ofJohnson, the police were able lo
(Atain &om Johnsoa a swam signed statement implicating Tcrranoe Brown in

uumerous ATM thefts at locations throughout the State of Connecticut. But for the
ability of the police to track Brown s moYccotcuts by moniloriugBiCwns cell phtnc
on areal-tuae basis, Johnson would Bever have been stopped, (ietained, anested or
inteirogatedbythe poliw onNovembsr 23,2010.

(Stipulation par. 9.)
ffl. THE STATE'S CONCESSION
The State expressly concedes aiat Conn. Gen Stat. 54-47aa does not authorize the seizur& of
"prospective" cell site iocation iaformadon ("CSLl"). It notes tfaafc'the veibiage ia g 54-47aa all
speaks in the past tense." (State's Openiag Brief, at 7, quoting >?/o?v,<yCT///i, 156Cona.App.537,
557,113A.3d 103,cerf. dewed, 317 Coaa. 910,115A.3d 1106 (2015),

This concession is important smce, as meRtEoaad, tiie ex parte orders issued by Sfiabaa and Crfimins,
JJ. were exclusively prospective in nffltwe, Any historical CSLl obtained by the police could not have
been obtained pursuant lo the terms of those orders. Only the ex parts order of Holden, J. facial ly
At 72
deciding w^*
State v. Brown - Westlaw Page 3 of 10
allowed the police to obtain historical CSLI. Althougli tlie police obtained prospecfive CSLI 6om the
orders of Shaban and Cremins, JJ., the State does not defend those acts.
Tiie evidence indicates (Iiat, aotiug pursuant (o the ex partc order ofHolden, J., Detective Patrick
Meehan of the Conaecdcut- State Police was "able to look at the celluiar Jocations" of those calls and
"Match tiiem up with ATM burglaries in ceriaia areas. (T. 51.) The legal ability of fee police to
obtain this historicai CSLI pursuaQt to 54~47aa is in disptite in this case,
IV. THE STATUTE

Conn. Gen.Stat. 54-47aawas enacted in 2005. (P.A. 05-182.) The architecture oF this alatuie must
nowbeexpNced.
See. 54~47aa(b) provides that, "A lawenforcemeat oSicial may request an ex parte order fi-om a
judge of the Superior Court to compel (1) a telecommunications camef to disclosa call-idenfiiying
information pertaining to a subscriber or customer, or (2) a provider ofclcQtTOnio communicaiion
service or remote computing service to ciisclose basic subscriber mfonnatton pertaimng to a customer
or subscriber."
"Call-idcnti lying snformadon" and 'basic subscriber iaformadon are teims of art.
"Catt-identilymg infbtmation" mems "(iialing or signaliflg infonnation that identifies (he ocigin,
direction, destinatiou or feranination of each eaiamunication generated or teceived by a subscAer or
euslomer by means of any squipment, facility or service of a telecommuuications earner," Sec. 54
-it7aa(a)(2).
"Basic subscriber infonnati on" means:
it4 (A) Name, (B) address, (C) local aad long distance tekphoae connection recoids
or records of session times and durations, (D) length of service, inctuding start date,
and types of services utilized, (E) telephone or icstiumeDt number or other subscriber
number or ideBtity, Jocludiag any assigaed Internet protocol address, and (F) aieans
aad source or payment for such service, inciuding say eredii card or bank aocouut
number.
Sec. 54-47aa(a){l).
These terms are borrowed from federal statutes. The definition of call -ide Q tifying information is
taken verbatim fiom the CommuiiicatioRS Assistance foE Law Enforcemeat Act ("CALEA"), 47
U.S.C.5 1001(2), enacled in 1994.108 Stat. 4279 (1994). The defimtron of "basic subsciiber
infonnation" is bonowed fi'ora a list of authorized disclosures iteaiized in the Stored Communications
Act C'SCA"), 18 U.S.C. 2703(cX2).
AJthough federal statutoiy law \vas obviously relied upon in csaS.ms SI-'Oaa, flic lcgis!sture has
not incorporated coirespoadiag federal statutes m their wtuety. The judiclaUy recognized federal
slatutory authority for law euforcemeot discovery of hisloncalCSLI is contained lit 18 U.S.C. 2703
(<;)(t)> which provides that, "A goveamifiutal entity may require aprovidar of electronic
romnHuu'catioD service 01 remote computing s&rricc to dtsclosc a record or other mformaiwn
pertainmg (6 a subscylber or customer ofsnch service." (Empliasts added.) At r& AppHcation of

United States, 62Q F.3d 304,307-OS (3d Ch-,2010). Sec. 5'M7aa does not contain any aiidogue to
this provision,
The legislative liistoiy ofCALBA aed SCA is instructive an this yoiafc

SCA was first enacted in 1986. 100 StaL I860 (I98d).Ja its original fonn it contained aprowsion, to
be codified, as 18U.S.C. }2703(a),ailowiaggoverameu(alenrittesto requirethedisctosurebya
provider of cIecEroniocommuucationscndce of the <~ofenf,t of an eleotTOtiiccomnnuiication. 100
Stat. 1861 (1986). (Emphasis added.) This provision was snbsequeDtly expanded by the USA.Fatriot
Act of 2001 ('Tatri<it Act") to allow disctosure of "a record or other ittfonfMIW pertaining t& a
subscriber to or castomer of such serrice." 115 Stat. 284 <2001). CEiapiiasis added.)
When the Coanectiout lagislatwe enacted Conn. Gen.SEat. g 54-47aa in 2005, Uie Patriot Act had
been oa ihe books for four years and was, to put it mildlyi oxtremcly well knows. The fact that th&
Couaecticut legislature chose Hot to adopt the Patriot Act's broad language is telfing.
Since Connecticut has not adapted die laflguagw oftlx; Patriot Act, disclosure ofhisiorical CSL under
5<l-47aa can be justified only if it is either caU-ldentifying infoimatioa" or "basic suliscriber
iaformatioa,"
The State conceded at arguiasat that historical CSLI is nal "basic siAscriber mfo[inatiaa,"It is neither
(A) a name, (B) m address, (C) aiccord of "session times and duratiort, (D) a length of service, (E) a
A173
State v. Brown" Westlaw Page 4 of 10
number or ideutity, of O?) a meacs and source of payment. Consequendy, the State coacedes,
historical CSU is di'sclosable uudcr 54-47aa only if, and only if, it is "calE-iiientifying iafarmation.
*SAs mentioned, "call-ldenrifying information" means "dialmg or signaling infoimatton ttiat
identifies the origin, direcrion, destination, or tennination of eaclicommuucarion generated or

received by a subscriber or customer by means of any equipmeDt, facility or service of a
TOmmunications earner." Sec. 5447aa(a)(2). The only words of (his text that arguably allow
disclosure ofCSU are "origin," "direction," and "tcnnination.
T!ie meaning of these terms is far from "plain and itnambiguoT3s," Conn. Gen.Sta?. 1-2 z. While the
terms "origin," "diractioa," and "termination" arguably pertaui to the physical location of target
cellphones, it is equglly possible that they simply pertaia to originating and destination numbers. la
fnot, as wiil be disrossed ua a racmeEit, Congress, ui enactine these tenns, exprsssly relied oa the lattec
defimtion- Under these circumstances of ambiguity, extialextual considetatioas must be considered,
Id.
V. EXTRATEXTUAL CONSIDERATIONS
Five extratextual considerations must now be considered: (A} tlia legislative history ofCALEA, (B)
the legislative histoiy of Conn. Gen.Stat. 54^t7aa, (C) recent developmenfs in celiphone
technotogy, (D) lecsnt developmcnls m Fourtfi Amsndment law, and (B) the canon of constitational
avoidance.
A. Legislative History of CALEA

As mentioned, the Patriot Act language currently relied upon by ihd Federal courts as th& statutory
basis far law Ctiforcemcnt discovciy of)itstoric?t CSLI was notpart of the originii] tcxtofCALEA.
CALEA did (and sdlt does) conlain a definition of the term "calI-ideDdfying iafomiatioa" identical to
that found in Conn, Gen.Stat. g 54-47 aa(a)(2). 108 Stat. 427? (1994). But the House Report (there
was no Senate Report) accompanying H,R. 4922, the bill ultimately enficfed as CALEA, plaiitly
shows that Congress did not iatend Eiie slatutoiy tenas origio, "directi<?B," and' destmatiou to
describe tbsphysicol locatioa ofcellphonc calls. Instead, the Houss Report explains, the langaagft m
quesdon "requires telecommmucations carriers to ensure tiieir systems have the capabiiify to... [i]
solate expeditiously infoimation idcstitying Ihe originating and destination numbers of targeted
communications, but nof/Aej>A^('ca;/oca//of;(i/'torgeK."H,R.Rep. No, 103-827(1994), reprinted in
] 994 U.S.C,C,A,N, 3489,3496. (Emphasis added.)

Araore explicit sxpr^ssion of legislative inteatioa could aot be made.
B. Legislative History of Conn, Gen.Siat. 54-4'Jaa.
As mentioned, C&no. Gcn.Stat. 5 5i(-47aa, ^vhich incoiporates the deGnition of "call ideoti^'ltig
infonnatioa" originally ast foE(I> in CALEA, was enacted four years after CALEA. had been ameaded
by the Patriot Act. P.A- 05-182. The legistahire did not, howevsr, incoiporate the Patriot Act's broad
expansion ofCALEA bat, instead, adopted CALEA's origuaal defuution of catl-ideotifyidg
inforraatioa.
The legislative lustory of PA, 05-182 Stiggests that the iegislature did Rot intend to effectuate auy
new or broad intrusions on (lie privacy ofCoanecticut citizeos. Senator (aowJuslice) McDonald, the
sponsor of (he bill in the Senate, explained tliat,

<16 [TJhis bill is intended to address the situation that used to be one of ordicaiy procedures in the
State of Conned i cut. Aad that is for law enforcement officials to obtain some infomiatioB relating
to subscriber information with telephone accounts.
It used to be Ihat OUT law enfijrcement folks would be able to call their loca! telephone company
and, mtheinvestigaEioB of a crime, find out who ateiephoiwnumberofmfomiatios abcmt a
telephone number was from.
However, with the ever-expanding teleTOmrounicatioas indystay . our Saw enforcement folks hava
found itmore difGcuIt to obtain icadity... teleplaoce subscriber mfonaation in tlic uvestigatioa of
(rimes,
48 S.Proo., 2005 Sess., pp. 343 5-36.
Similarly, Representative Uwlor, the sponsor of Bta biU in the House, expJaiaed (hat,
This bill . woiUd ?Uow law eaforceffleat under cxiraordinafy circiun stances to obtain very Eimited
iufonnatiro tctated to fee o\wier3 ofparticufar accounts ... just the identity of the owner or
information related to (he origin or teraunus ofplionc ca^ls or Internet messages, emaila, aud (hmgs
of the lifce.
A174
[IJn the good old days, this was done [oni a very informal basis betwetn the locai tekplione
company at the tiinc. Southern NewEogland Telephone, and our local law enforcement agencies.
And a phone call, that was all that was necessary from a poiice officer to the phone company to get
whosft piioae aumber beltings, whose phone number is tins or what phone aumbws are cailed from
a paiticutar plsoae over the last few hours, thai type of thing.
48 HSL Proc., 2005 S&sa., pp.7B67-68.
Siroilarly, Representative Ban- noted that, "What we're trying to da isjustput the law enfoicemeat
back into the poaitiofl-they were ftfew years ago in terms of getting subscribei ififormation and getting
themfonaation.aboutwhether a phone is currcutty being used."/ri, at 7875.
This tustoiy plainly cstabltshes that, in enacting g 54-^)7aa, the legislature was simply attempting to
restore the slatus quo ante. It was not attempting to create new powers to enable law enforcement to
track tlie physical whereabouts of citizens beyond the basic information suggested by subscriber
phone numbers.
(C) Recent Developments i&CeHplionc Technology

Moore's Law tel3s us that Ihe number oftransiRtois in aa mtegratcd circuit has doubled approximately
every two years. If anything, cellphonc (ccliuoiogy has daveioped at aa even faster pace. For good or
i]I, the capacides ofmotiem cellphoacs far surpass the capacities ofcellpliones manufaclured only a
few years ago.
Aheipful desmption of modern cetlphone fechnology, based on extensive evidentiary subBtissioa$, is

set forth in Af Re Application For WepSwns fnfonnalion. No. 15-XR-90304-HRL-1CLHK)
(N.D.Cal, July 29,2015). ft is well kn own that, "[n'jhenever a ct>U phone makes or receives a. call,
sends or receives a text message, oc otherwise sends or receives data, the phooe connects via radio
wav^s (0 an antenna on thft closest tower, generating CSLL"/</., slip op., at2. Less well fcaown is the
fact that,
*7 CSLI may still be generated in the absence of user interaction with the cell phone ...For
example, CSLI may still be- generated during an incoming phone cail that is not answered ...
AdtIiEiojially, most modem smartpliones have appticatlohs that coatuiually IUD ia the background,
saDdiug and receiving data without a user havmg to interact wilh the ceil phone...
In4e$d, cell pbo&es, when turned on and cot in airplane mode, are aiwaysscamuaglheirBetwork's
cellular cflviFttmnuit. la doing so, cell phooes periodically ideadfy themselves to the closest cell
toweri.e.tfie one with the strongest radio signalas they move tliTongliwt their Betworks
coverage area. Tliis process, known as ,,,>>piagiag"... is Emtomatic and micurs wlaencver the plione
is on, withoutthe UBBT'S isput or coah'ol . A cell phone that is s\vitctied ott will piag tke nearest
tower every saven to nine miDUtcs...
As the aumbcf ofcdf pliaaes has mcreascd, the Bumber of cell towersand Ihus ceil siteshas
iacrcased aecordingly ... Witbm just one mile of the Federal Courthousft in New York City, there
are 118 toweis and 1,026 anteRnas...
In addition to the large, tiu-ee-sided cell towers, smaUer and smsiller base stalions aie becomiag
iecreasingly commoa. Examplas mclude micro cells, picocells, and femtocetls, al! ofwlucii cover a
veiy specific area, such as one floor of a building, flie wailing room of an office, or a single
home ... This prolifcrattoa of base stations means that kaowmg the identity of the base slaUon (or
sector 3D) (h&thandlcdacall is tanlamouDtto knowiag apboce's iocatioa to withm a relatively
snsatl gecgrapbic area -,. samedmes identifying mdividual floors sad roocas withm buildings..,
Although the ability ofceUular semce providers to track a ccli phone's tocation witiiin an area
covered by a particular cell site might vary, ithas become ever more possible for the government to
use CSLI to calculate a cetl plione usei*s locations viiih apreelsion tliat approaches that ofGPS.
Id., at3-4.(EDiemaIquo1atioamart;sandcitatioasoniiEted.]
These are technological capacities ufldrfeamed of by tt tegislatiw bodies enacting CALEA and Conn.
Gen-Stat. 5<t-47aa.
D. B-ccent Developments in Fourth Amendment Law
Fourih Amcadcuent !aw is scrambling to catch up with modem (ievelopments in electronic

tecliu')ology,but judicial systems and flie ceUphone indiis&y operaEe on entirely different schedules-By
tiie time that a case based on the technology of a particttlar time period makes its way up thejudicia]
faddertotheUnitedState3SupremcCourt,anentireIydifi'crcnt technology may already be in use by
A175
the citizeary. For example, the most recent Federal Court of Appeals decision considering the
application of the Fourth Amendment lo historical CSLI; United States v. Davis. 798 TI,3d 498 (llth
Cir.2015) (en lane), ceri. denwd, No. 15-146 (U.S. November 9, 2015); "limits its decision to tlic
worlA(aadte<;lmology)aswek&ewitin29lO,")rf.at521 (Jordan, S., concurring).
*8 All three Federal Courts of Appeals EhaE have considered the matter have coacluded, based on
existing Supreme Court precedent, tiiat historical CSLI may be discovered by law enfarcemeat
officers without awanant. United States v. Davis, supra: Itt re AppUcalim for Historical Cell Site
Data, 724 FJd 600 (5th Cir.2013); In re AppSication of Untied Stales. 620 ?.3d 304 (3rd Cfr.2010).
This conclusion by lower courts is understandable given the Supreme Court's decision in Smith y.
Maryland. <i42 U.S. 735, 99 S.Ct. 2577, 61 L.EiZd 220 (1979), that "a person has no legitimate
expectation of privacy in i'afonnab'on he voluntarily turns over to third parties." Id., at 743-4il.
Smith, which held that the installation and use ofapen register is not a "seafch" within (iie mcaajog of
ths Fourth Amendment, is a product of a much earlier technologicat era. There we recent signs that
the Supcems Court may be wilting to reconsider Smith's "third-party" doctrine m light of eurTcnt
tw\wo\ogy. la.beTêpscz^Qpmwn in Utiifed States; v.jftws, U.S., 132S.Ct.945,181
L.Ed.2d 911 (2012), Sotomayor, I. explained tliat,

[I]t may bs necessary to reconsider the premise th?t an individual has no reasonable
expectation of privacy in in&miation voluntarily disclosed to third parties ... This
approach is ill suited to ih& digital age, i& whicti people reveal a greaf deal of
mfonnatioa about themselves to third parties in the course ofcanyiag out mundane
tasks. People disclose the phone numWs that they dial or text to their cellular
providers; the URLs that they visit and the e-mail addresses with vAicti they
coirespond to their Internet service provideis; and the books, groceries, and
medications they purcliase to online retailers ... I would not assume tliat ail
infonnadon voluntarily disclosed to some member of the public for a limited purpose
is, for that reason alone, dheatidcdto Fourth Ameadmsat protection.
Id,, at 957 (Sotomayor, J. concu.rriag),
Although no other Justice joined SoEomayoi's wacnnmg opinion, four other Justices (AIito, J.Joioed
by Ginsburg, Bceyer &Kagan, JJ.) aiso expressed deep concern about Use viability of current
Supreme Court decisionaf law in the CcSlphdDC age. They specificaity noted that, "cell phones and
Other \vire[ess devices now peimit wretess earners Eo trade and record the iocadon of users... The
availability and use of these and other new devices will cootinue to shape the average peisorfs
eqiectations about die privacy of his or her (iaily movements."U,S., at. t32 S.Ct,,at9f>3
(AIifo, J. coDCurring), Thus five Justicesa majority of (lie courthave, at a muum.um, expressed
coiicera conceimng t!)8 applicatioa o/Smith's Jurisprudeace to tile celjplioae ag&.

Rileyv. Ccilifomla, U.S. , 134 S.Ct.2473,1 89 L.Ed.2d 430 (2014), hoiding that the police
may not seareh ccllptioaes seized inctdciit to arrest, provides additional evidence that ths Supreme
Court recognizes (hat the realities oFmodem cellphone capacity do not form an easy fit with Fourtli
Amendmeat jurisprudence based oa earlier teclmology.
*.?[Tlherets an element of perrosiveaess that ohartctuizes cell phones but not physical recocds.
Prior to the djgital age, people did not typically cairy a caclie of sensitive personal information with
them as they went about their day. Now it is the person who is not canyiag a cell phone, with all
that itcointains, who is the excepiion. According to one pDU,neariy three-quarters ofsroartphorte
users report being within five feet of thcirphones most of the time, with 12% admitting fhat they
even use tfaeir phones in the shower .
Although the data storedin a celi phons is distinguished fi'oa physical records by quantify alone.
certaiatypesofdaeaarealsoquaiitatively different...JDataOti a cell phone can ...reveal where a
person has been. Hisiorio location uifomiation is a slandard feature on many smart phones and can
recottsEnicf samc&ne.'s specific Baovemcats down to the mioute, not onty around to\vn but aiso
within a particular building,

Jd, al 2490.
None of this necessarily means that the Supreme Court wilt ultimately hold that Smith v. Marylmd
cannot be applied to liislorkal CSLL Only the Supi6mc Court has "the prerogative ofovemiling its
own decisions." Tenetv. Doe. 54-i U.S.1,10-11,125 S.Ct. 1230,161 Ld.2d 82 (2003). (Interoal
quotation marks and citation omittsd.) It does, howsver, mean that the ultimata question whether
Smith applies to modem ceiiplione technolagy is a new and different qisesdon tban that presented in
Smith itself. Until the Supreme Court addiesses this point, thevttimats answer remains wcertsin.1
A176
State v. Brown" Westlaw Page 7 of 10
E. The Canon of Constitutional Avoidanc&

Tbecaa&nofcoasdlutional avoidance must now be cQasjdcied. It is wei] esiabiished that a court.
^nustssektoavoid an inferprefatioa of a statute that ft\vou!d place itin serious constitutional
jeopardy." Slate v. Jenkins, 288 Conn.filft, 626,954 A.2d 806 (2008). "DQnehoosin^bchveea two
constnJctioBS of a statote> one valid and OB& constitutionalty precarious, wo wiil search for an
effective and constitutional eonstrucEion that reasonably accor<!s "with the legislahice's underlying
intent.Id. (inlemat quotation marks and citation omitted.)Tys is a canon long followed by both the
Suprem& Court of Connecticut &nd the Supreme Court of the United States. See United Slates ex rel,
Attorney General v. Deimvwe & Hudson Co., 213 U.S, 366, 407,29 S.Ct.527,53 L.Ed. 336 (1909);
Wlson v. Town of West Haven, 142 Conn. 646,654-55,116A,2d 429 (1955).
ForreasoDS set forth above. Judicial coBstroctioa of Conn. Ceii.Staf, 5 54-47a8atopecinit law
enforcement to access historical CSLI witiiant a wairant woiiid place the statute "in serious
coastitutioaal jeopardy." This is a path (hat the court must "seek to avoid."
The ca&on ofconstitutiofial avoidance "represents judicial po)Jcy-~ajudgmeBt that stalutes oughlwt
to tread on questionable constitutional gmunds unless tliey do so clearly." Antanin Scaiia & Bryan AGamer, Reading Law 249 (2012). (Emphasis Eu original.) "|T'[he canon rests , upon a judicial policy
of not interpcetmg ambiguous sEatiites to flirt ivith consfitutiOBaUty, thereby muiiimziug judicial
conflicts with ths legislature, Tliat policy has fill! fores whether the cases raising the constihational
doubt atitedate or postdate aatatute's eoacfmeot."7i/.
&16 Ths canons deep roots ia the separation of powers are pariiculariy important in die present case.
Ff Coim. Gen.Stat.* 54~47aa were constmed more broadly it would delegate a decision "to officials
and to judges which is toouapQrtanttobemadeby anyone but the legislature. Alexander M.Bickei,
The Least Dangerous Branch 18 1 (19d2). Tke detenniflation of the proper bafanca between privacy
and security in this case requires both a thorough factual grounding in the cuireflt state of digital
technology and a sense of (lie citizenry's current expwiations of privacy. Whtl^ the courts, given their
constitutional role, necessariiy have tlia last word conceroiag these mattws, the legislature, with its
data-collecting capacity and political sense, should make the inldat detennination. "LegislatoTs are
likely to be more acutely aware of just what they are being asked to do if the laflguage of abiil clearly
defines what is aimed at,"M, at 181-82,116 A.2d 420.
It is clear, in tlu's case, fliat the legislature eaacricg g 54-47aa n&ver coatemplaled that the statute
would be used to pcimft feo wairantless coliecdon of historical CSLL In this constiturionaily
precarious area, no such legislative liitcnt should be implied. If the legislature wishes to grant law
enforcement officials express authority to collect historical CSLI witiiout a ivanraut, it is free to do so,
Judicial delenaiaation oflh.fc constitufionalify of such aufhorit/ can then be made,
VI. SUPPRESSION ISSUES

A. Suppression For Statutory Violations
Since the Stats faas conceded that Conn. Gen.Stat, g 54-47aa does not autliorize tlie seizure of
prospective CSLI ; State a Brief, at 7^ and the courthas concluded that 54~47aa.do&3 oot authorize
the seizure ofhist&rical CSLI, th& qitcsiiott arises whether evideace thus illegally cilifaiaed is
admissibie usder Counecticut law. The Slate conceded ifl its brief that evidence so obtained is
inadmissible; State's Brief, at 7-8, but wilhiirew that coucession at argument. TIie State coniends that
&ven prospective CSLT, wbich if concedes wns obiaiacd in violation of the statute in question, is
aevertiieless admissible. la doing so, it relies on the doctrice of R^/'ntov.A'/Oore, 553 U.S. 164,128
S.Ct. 1598,170 L.Ed.2d 559 (2008), ttiat the FourttiAmeadment does not require the suppression of
evidence obfained in violation of state law.
WhiieA'/bore removes a Pourth Amendment basis for the exclusion of evidence obtained in violatiDn
of state law, other coRsideralioas remain. The Supreme Court iias explained that. We have applied
tlteexclusionaiyiule^nmarj'/f to deter coflsiifutionalviolatioDS."&TNC/;ez-Z/offiff^t>. Oregon, 548
U.S. 331,348,126 S.Ct. 2669,165L.Ed.2d 557 (2006). (Emphasis addeci.) Although cases
stippressiog evidence for statatoiy violations are rare, the Couit has, on occasiou, excloded eridence
arising directly out of statutory violarions (Sat implicated imporiant Fourth and TifQt ArnendroeBt
interests." Id. SwAfcffabb v. United States, 31S U,S, 332.63 S,Ct. 608, 87 L,Ed. 819 (1943)
(suppressing incmninafmg sfatemcats obtained during dctcndon SB violation of Federal statutory law);
Nordomv. United States, 308 U.S, 338, 60 S.Ct. 266,84L.Ed. 307 (1939) (suppressing evideoce
procured by wu-etapiiEog in violation ofCoramum'cations Act of 1934). Conn. Gen.SfaL 54-47aa, by
caia&Uy balaucmg issues of security and personal privacy, implicates importaDlTourth AmeadmeBt
interests.
*11 The qnestioaofCoimecticut evideatiary law is ultimately for ConaecHcut courts to dEterminB.
The Connecticut Code of Evidence does not prescribe a specific rule govenung (he admissibiliiy of
A177
evidecce obiaiaed under these circumstances. "Where ihe Code does not prescFib& a rule govemiiag
the admissibiliiy of evidence, the court shall be goveroed by the principles of common law as they
may bs inteipreted in the light of reason and experience," Coan.Codc of Evidence I-2(b).
Experience is the key to the problem presented here, lecause decades of experience have taught
courts in Coimectiout and elsewhere the painful lessoa that if evidence obtained tiy the govenmieDt in
violation of the law is deemed admissible by the frourts, Ifie goveromeBt-wiU coBtuiue to obfcu'n
evidence in violatioH of the law. K was (lits wnsideratioa"the deterrent efifect of the exclusionaiy
rule"tliat long ago moved the Conaecdcut Supreme Court to adopt the excltisionary niic as a matter
of Connecticut law. State v, Dukes, 209 Conn. 98.1U, 547 A.2d 10 (198S). Under Coanectlcut law,
th& exclusionary nrto applies even where the violation in question results from a !aw enforceffleal
ofBcer's good faith reliance on a judicial order. 5tofev.AA)Wd/o,2lS Conn. 150,579 A.2d58
(1990),-'
Dukes and kfwsala inwSvfsd evideace obtained in violation of state conatifutional law. But their logic
is not tethered to state coasdtuttonal law aloae. Mw-safa explains that the exclusioaary rule is
dessgaed, inter alia, to ensure "inslitutional compliance" with Connecticut law. 216 Conn,, at 170,
57? A.2d 58. In enacting g 54-47aa, the Connccttcut legtslaturc has careEutIy set forth slatutoiy
parameters for the collection afeviddac? that implicates important Fourik Ameadhjaeat iatertsts.
Connecticut couils sbould act so as to encourage iastitutional compliance witli iheae legislaEive
requurements.
Sec. 54-47aa is a coraprekenstva statute, of statewide application, designed to deal with a pcfsistent
aad repetitive law enforoemeat issue. Most search and seizure casM involve Jndividnfll decisions by
law enforcement officers anlikely to bs repeated, at least on the precise facts presented to the court. In
ttiat setting, the effect of a judicial decision to admit or suppress evidence \vili ordinarily affect only
the individual litiganls. Tins case u different. Acceptance of the State's argument that evidence
obtained la violatioa of S 54-47aa is nevertheless admissiblewilE inevilably 6acourage violations of
the statute. The balance behveea privacy and security craftcdby the lcg)slatur& in an area potentially
impiicating the privac.y ofe-veryone in Coimectxcut whc> possesses a cellph.one^vhich is to say
almost everyone in ConnccEtcutwill be adversely affected. "A decent lespect for the policy of [the
legislaturej must savers froiB imputing to it a setf-defeating, if not disingenuous purpose," Hwdme
v, E/nterfiS'tofe5,.tu^nj, 308 U.S., at 341. Evidenca obtained in violation of ?4~47aa is inadmisstble
ra court.
B, Derivative Evidence
*12 Tbe second, issue is whether thcpretdal statemecls and trial testimony ofRfflnon Jotinson must
also be suppressed as evidence derived from ihesa illegal and uaauthorized orders. The judicial goEd
of ensuring institutiocai compliacce with the jrequueiaenfs Gif 54~47aaiequues tfae SUppre&sion of
dcrivadve evidence resulting &om& violation of that statute. "The essence of a provision foAidding
the acquisition ofwidencs in a certain way is not merely fiiat evidence so acquiicd shall not be used
before the court, but that it shall not be used at all. Nardone v. United States, supra, 308 U.S., at 3'iO
-41. (Interaal quotation marks and cifations omitted.) The question preseated here is whether th&
prebial statements and trial Eestimony ofRamoa Johnson are derivative evidence oFthis descriptloa.
The application of the exclustonaty mle to Eive-witncss testiBiony presents a djfTereat prciblem than
ths application of the Bxclusionarynjle to an inammate object, such as a packet of narcotics or a
bloody kaifc, discovered as a result of an illegal searcli. "[T]he degres af&ee will exercised by the
w'tuass is not irrelevant in detemuning (he exteDtto whtch tfic basic piupnse of&e exdusioDaty role
will be advanced in its application." United Slates v. Ceccolmi, 435 U.S,268,276,98 S.Ct. 1054,55
L.Ed.2d268 (1978). Cwcalmi exptams that,
The greater the willingness of the witness to freely testify, the greater the likelihood
that he or she will be discovered by legal means and, concomitaifly, (he BBialler (he
mcentive to conduct an illegal seaicb to discover the witness, Witoesaes are not like
guns or documents which icmain tiidden Irom view Tintil ooo turos over a. a&fa or
opens a GIjng cabinet. Witnesses can, and often do, come forcvard and offer evidence
entirely ofihcir own volifion . The time. piacs and manner of the initial questioDiDg
of the \'ritness may be such that any statements are truly the product of detached
reflection and a desire to be cooperative on the part of the witness. And thft illegality
which led to Ac discovery of (he witness very often will no! play ony meaningfal
part ia the witaass' willingness lo testiiy.
Id., at 276-77. (Footnote onutted.)
The flip side of this analysis is equally important. "Sometimes . it will appear that the witness has
been presswed and that the pressure is a consequence of the prior.., vioiation, in which case a finding
A178
of aNflnuation is unUkd.y to be justiflcd." 6 WayecR.LaFave, Search aud Seizure 481-82 (Sth

ed.2012) (citing aathorides).
At this piiat we come to a glaring evidentiary lacuna in (he ease. In spite of the fact tliat it was
perfectly obvious from f!ie beginning that Browa wished to suppress the pretrialstatemeats aadhrial
lestimoay ofRamon Tohiason, neither party called Johasoo to testify in the suppression hearing. Evea
more inexplicably, neither party called any law enforcecuent officer who conducted or witnesset!
JohnsoiL's inteirogatioE. Under Ehese circumstances, the record is utterly bfliren concerning (he
cucumstances of that intetrogation aad Johnson's ^viilmguess or umvillingaess to give liis sfatemenis
or to testify,
*13 The court does know, because it Itas been stipulated, that,
As aresult of the real time tracking of the defeodaot through the moaitoriGg of
defeedaufs ceU cite location data, th? police were able to track the defendant's
activities on November 23, 2010, aad thereby locate aa individual named %amon
John BOO "Thereafter, ihrough interrogalion ofJohnson, the police were able to
obtain &om Johnson a sworn slaEement implicatiag Tctrance Brown io Buroerous
ATM thefts at locations throughout the State oEConnecticHL But for the ability of the
police to track Brown's movements by monitoring Brown's cell pltouc on a real-firae
basis, Johnsoa would never have been stopped, detaiaed, ffircstcd or interrogated by
the police an November 23,2011).
Stipulation 19. (Emphasis added,)
The court additionally credits testimonial evideac& that, tlirottgli tlie use of other invesligative
tecliniques, th& police would eveatualiy have located. Jobn son had- they been unable to use CSLI. But
tlu's fact fails fo answer a crucial question. What would Johason have said ones he Iiadleea located in
tins alteraative scenario? Would h& have immedialdy spilled the beans and implicated Brown? Or
would heliave kept his mouth shut or told some completely different gtocy, aotitBp!icatftig Bro^vn.
Joknson is a codefendant who, througii the usa ofCSLT, was caught more or less ledhanded. He is not
a cihzeo bystander. At least in fee absence of evidence describing his mterrogatian, any conclusion
coucerauiglus willingness to testify or wLat he would have toid the police had he been located m
legitimate fasliioa would ba pure speculation.
Under these circuai stances, the burden of proof comes iuto play. The Supreme Court has wtplained
that,
[WJlien au illegal searcli has come to light, |Uie Government] has the ultiiaalc burden ofperanasiou
to show tliat its svideuce is imtainted. But af the same tiiae [the defendant] must go forward wilh
specific evidence demODSfratmg taint "mile irial judge must give opportunity. however ctosely
confined, to the accused to prove that a substwitial portion of the case against him was a Suit of the
poisonous tree, This leaves ample oppcfrtuttity to the Government to convince fbs trial court that its
proof has an iadepenctent origiu." ârtfonc v. U/Mferf iôto, 308 U,S. 338,3'il, <OS.Ct.266, 84
L.Ed. 307(1939).
AUwmm v, UnHecl States, 394 U.S. 165,183> 89 S.CL 961,22 L.Ed.2d 176 (1969). Accord Stale v.
Colvin. 241 Conn. 650, 658 n. 5, 697 A.2d 1 122 (1997),
The parties in this case h&ve submitted ample specific evideace demonsteatiag taint- Johnson would
not tiavs given his statemeat implicating Brown under the circumstances ia which lie gave it m Ehe
absence of law enforcement ofiEicwa' illegal use ofCSLL The Slate has had ampie Dpportuoity to
convince the court tiiat its proof (i.e. Jahnson's tcstunouy) has an mdependent oriein in Toltnsoa s free
will and his wilIidgaMS to testify freeSy. Nothmg prevented the State from cailiag lohssoa or a
wibiess to Jolmsoa's intenogatioa. The Sfatc simply did aat take advantage of this opporinnity. Under
these wcumstances, tha court cannot find that Johnaou s testun&ay is UBtamted.
*14 A similar aaatysis applies to die State's argument that Johnson would have inevitably been
discovered. Se&fiix v. Williams. 467 US. 43), 104 S.Ct. 2501, 81 LEd.-id 377 (1984). Forreasons
adreatiy disctiased, the testimony ofalivinE Wttness is not an &videntiary item Uke the murder victim s
body at issue m Nsx. As meittioned, the court credits evidence that law caforcemenE officials would
eventually have located Johnsau through die use of EegitimaEe police techniques. But whether
Johnson, thus legitimately located, would have given the same stoiy, isgiven tha evidetitiaiy
vacuum hereentirely a matter of speculadou. The evideaceia question, here is not the pcraon of
Johnsoa but his testimony. While the use of legitimate police techaiquss cou/rfhave rssulfed in
evidence iraplicatuag Brown, ihe coart can only speculate as to whether iiic use of legitimate tactics
would have yielded such a result. See Stale v. Topmwtes, 76 P.3d 1159,1164 (Utah 2003). Under
these circums lances, the inevitable discoveiy exception cannot be applied.
A179
Page 10 of 10
State v. Brown - Westlaw
VS. CONCLUSION
The Motioo To Suppress is granted as to (A) prospective CSLI gathered by the police pursuant to
Conn. Gen.Stat 54-47aa, (B) liistorical CSLI gathered pursuant to 5<l~47aa, and (C) the prebial
statements aud ttial testimony ofRamon JohDson,
All Citations
Not Reported m A.3d, ^015 WL 9809750,61 COBD. L, Rpfcr. 450
ifootitotes
Identical written Motions To Suppress have been filed in foui of the above-Ksted files:
No. CR31-J0262133 (Mob'oaNo, H); No, CRll-0262ti31 CMationNo. 3); No. CR10
-0261382 (Motioa No. 3); and No. CR.11-262138 (Motion No, 4). AJ&ough ao
written suppression motions hav&been filed in ths remaining files, Uie parties agread
at the hearing that the akeady-filed motions address issues common to al! files. Utider
thesa circumstances, the court will consider the defendant to have made oral modoas
to suppress, with tfae same substantive contentions, ia the rouaming files.
Th defendant viSlalev. Ssitlh, 156Coan.App.537, U3A,3<1103, cert. A/uerf, 317

Comi, 910,115 A.3d It 06 (2015), conceded siatutoiy authorization in the trial court.
Id., a[ 558, Given its coBcloswa that "the adnussioa of the CSLI, if erroneous, was
liannjess beyomi a reas&aaltle <iQubt"; id., at 368, the Appellate Court V&.Smfth did not
address issues ofstahitory constmction.
Although Brown additionally claims that his rights under the- Connecticut Constitutioa
were violated, he has not provided a separate analysis of his claim under the
Connecticut cosstitution. Under ttiese circumstancM, his stale constttutional claim will
not be reviewed. Siale v, Sanley. 161 CdiUi.App. 10,31 n. 23 (2015).
Mwsala was a stronger case for tha application, of a good failfa excepfioa Ehaa Uie
present ease because AYorâ/a involved awan-ant and th& present ease does not. The
State has not argueil for the application of a good faith exception in tlie preseatcas&.
End of Document
OZOlSThnnsoit Reliefs. No clflira !o origind U.S. Gawmroent Works,
WcrtIaw.C'ZOte'ItiomMnPtutCR! ! PrivuyStaiemciit j Accessibitity ) Supp!tirTtmiA | CantaetUs j l-SOO-EEF-ATTY(l-aOO-733-3ga9) ) Improva Wesda
A180
7tWMSOtWCTSfi5
Page 1 of 8
U.S. v. Reynolds " Westlaw
WE5TLAW
SELECTED TOPICS
626Pcd.Appx.610
Sentencing ai)d PpBishment
This case was not selected forpubiication in West s Federal Roporter.
Statsnctsg Guiddme;
See Fed. Rule of Appellate Procedure 32.1 generally govemiflg a'tatioa of judicial decisions issued on
NolWsnajltSue Offisn;c Level
EubiUiMmwt
U.S. v. Reynolds or after Jan. 1, 2007. See also U.S.Ct, ofApp. 6th Cir. Rute 32.1,
llnittfi Stefci CwtHlfAppca.Ss. SL-rth CmulL | Stpttmber ltJl&t6diSAif^C^Wt.<fSV^Pp!sf-11 pages)
Criminal Law
Sixth Circuit.
Evident
Ouilt Phase RtbutUl Teslimony of State
Etprt
UNITED STATES of America, PlaintEfÂppeilee,
Trial
V.
Bcfcndan! Actual Knawlcdgc ofui Atibi

Rebuttal Wibiass Idtnlity and Testimony
Donald Steven REYNOLDS, DefeBdaot-AppelIant

No. 14-1-(20.
Secnndaiy Saurcn
Sfipl.11,2015.
APPENDIX a - BESERAL
KEGIfLATIONS
Synopsis
Background; Defendant was convicted ia the United States DisEricE Court for the Eastern District of
Guids to Good Clinita] i'rac. Appendbc H
IMichigea of thres counts of Vtolating federal child pomograpliy law ami Sentenced to 144 monttis of
...(a] The tcgulnttom m LUa part let forth tho

oritaja unto whjA thn tecBcy miuliicre
imprisoameat and $26,500 ia restitution. He appealed,
dwtropic teconis, titelniaic signatuiet, and.

hantivmReasignafuif! Rwuted to eltiittoaic
recttidsSobstnufc,.
Hotiirogs; Tks Court of Appeals, Boggs, Circuit Judge, held that:

1 govemmenfs expert's opinion based upon histoncal ceil-sits tiacking was reliatils, and tlius
admissibie;
CrimittK) Law; The Bntttrcd Woman

Dtfantc
34 Am, lur. Proof of Facts 2d I (Orisinally
publishut in US 3)
2 a]ibi witnesses were properly excluded^

3 five-Ievei enhancement to sentence for child pornography couvictions that "mvolve" 600 or more
images was properly applied; and
4 award ofiestitudon to child pornography viciims was property calculated.
Mttt traditionally have been viewed aslhe

protactoti of women, andhmbandi spscificilty
kwv been thougiitoFM (he protctslOts ot&t\t
nivCT. Inrewntyeart incrtajingllteittiuntias
btett given to U).-
Affirmed.
Admiiiii&Hlty oft^ptrt tutimony

concerning ttflmuttc-vtottnce lyndrctnu ta
Bniitjnry in evaluntmgvictim'a (wtimony
or behavior
See also 2013 WL 24S0634.
WestHeadnotes(5)
5TA.L.B.Slh3I5 (Orieiniltypulilided En 19S8)

.-"HUE uuifltatuin eolltct! and. analyus criminal
Change View
touuj iu which (iicmrti iôssidBtHilviheUierand

when wpirt ttstunony regnrdinB domestX.-
viokncc syndrome; msy be und to &Mat lliajiuy

mcfaluating...
Criminal Law l&"^ Miscellaneous matters

Federal Bureau oflnvesdgarioa's (FBI) expert's opiaioo, thatliistorical cell-site tracking
indicatsd (hat three out of four total household members were not located at residence
during Child-pornograpky download periods on shared home eompuier, was reliable, and
Sfrft Mofl? SflconAuy Scujjscj
Brith
thus admissiblft, in prosecution for violation of federal child pomogcapliy laws; rather than
Gownment'i Answtrlng Brief
piactcg any of the four resideufs at a spectfi& swtw, wbicti was of questionable seieatffic
2004WL24419Z4
reliability, expert sought to exclude iedividuals J&om the sector in which the residence was
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, PlauitiffApjiellto, v. Jamiii SLIZABETU Andrawii

Defend an l-Appcil wit.
UniKd Stattei Court ofAiip<iils,Nmlh GtWlt.
S;j>.27,20D4
located by sliowiag that their calls connected to cellular telephone towers that were far
awayfirom (hesresideoce, thus pcnniHing an inference that defendaotwas the only one at
the resicieoce during tfao ttme duld pornography was downloaded onto a desktop
computer there. 18 U.S.C.A. 2252(A)(a)(2), 2252(A}(aX5)CB); Ped.Rules Evid.Rule
702,28 US.C.A,
i..A.Whcltecthsdl^ricttourtaI>iuui Its
disciElion by precluiine ttie tuliroony of the
defenie expect reguding xlltgcd batlcird woman
syndronttt, whm (I) (he pToEferedtuttmony
failed to show that do...
1 Case thatcites this headnote

Criminal Law vi^ Rebuttal
Amfcui CurlatBrirfoftlK Cituenl

CummiMioftoiiHnmdnIlighfaIn.itipFOrt
oFRupondsnt
Gownuneat offered proper rebuttal wi(ieiice m prosecution for violation of federal oiuld
2006 WL 542178
pornography law, siacs its mtoess lesponded dirfictly to defendant's witness's testimoay;
impiicafions as to whether defendant was at his home at the time child pornography was
Edc hUdwl CLARK, Pttitioncr, v. STATE OF

ARIZONA, Respondent.
Supreme Court of Ac Umicd State]
Mar. 06,2006
downloaded onto a shared desktop coinputer, and goycmmeBt's witness responded only to
...Amicn'; Cibasas Cdmmission onHnmAnRishts
defimdant's witness had tftstified as to the range ofccltular telephone towers and attendant
this prior testimony. 18 U.S.C.A. g 2252(AXaX5)(B),2252(A)(aX2).
A181
(CCHR) is a Eon-proGt, public boncfit

(xsaujzatioa <ilicHta} to mvestigating and
Page 2 of 8
US. v. Reynolds - Westlaw
e:(posing piychiitrisiviolaliont ofiiiimait tiîtl.

FNl.LetUisirom (fit part...
Criminal Law ^=;3 ASibt

District court did not abuse its discretion in excluding defendant's alibi witoassss in
ApptiIanl'iOpcningBrlef
prosecution for violation of federal child pornography laws; defendant failed to disdoae
20B4WL 1923916
witaesses uatft after trial had begun, despite govenuneni's request to do so months earlier,
UNTTED STATES OF AMERICA, PialjiliffApptllM, v. Jfamia Ejiubeth ANDREWS,
government was prejudiwd by Ihe late disclosure because it could not invesdgate the aUbi
D 8 Fend uit-AppeUant.
and had already partially presented its casc-in-chieE without taking th6 witncss6S ittto
United Stilti Court of Appeals, Nintli CUcuiL

July X SOa't
account) and defendanCs asserted reasoa for the untimely disclosuTe, in that he was
uneomfbrtablg revealing to potential altbl witnesses that criminal cbarges had beea made
againstlire, was aa issue every criminal defendant faced, so could no!excuse tfae
lateness. 18 U.S.C.A. ? 2252(A)<a)p), 2252(AXa)(5)(B); FedRules Cr.ProoJiuies 12.1
(a)(l),lU(a)(2),18U.S.C.A.
...This appui is taken from a judgment of

cflnviiilinaindusitCBca imposed on Jamis
Eliiabaili Andrew* ontond on Deumhtr 5.2003,

t>v llscHonorabis AlictmnricH. Stotlef, Piiteict
ludgt fbrdiK Unilcd Sta-,,
Sss Mans Briefs
Trial Court Documenti
Sentencing and Puaishmenf ^^ Obscenity and l&wdness

Five-leve^ enhmcemeat to senteace for child-poraography convicticms that "involve" 600
OF more images was appropriately applied, foUowiflg conviction for vioiation of federal
child poroogtapliy laws, despite defcBdant's coiatentioa (hat goverameBt proved only that
lie downloaded 269 images, sinc? trial evidence indicated Ibal (iefcndant actually
possessed a totai of more than 8>0fl0 images of child poraography on his home comptiler.
I8U.S,C.A.2252(A)(aX5)C&),2252(A.)(a)(2);U,$.S.G.$2G2.2(b),18U,S.C.A.
TIieDFanis v, Bostfln SclcntifSi; Corjia ration

2D05 WL3SM049
KaihciiutTHiEOFANIS,Pc[3oaal Rqircientalive
ottheEstala ofCbrii C.Thco&nia, dcteucd,
Plaintiff, v. BOSTON SClENTtFIC
CORPORATION nud Boston Scieutific Scime4,
Inc.. Dc&ndanlj.
United Stales BistritfCotirt.S.It. Indian*,

Indian lpo!ii Divisioa.
Mu.16,2805
...FNt.ThefanitofcunatiouisTOmpIieaKctliy
Sentencing and Puuishmeafr ^^ Otlierparticuiar factors
thefilctthB.tfoilowuigMr.Thcofanis'detlh.the
boipital k<pt only tus tieirt and Uia broken piece
Award of ?26,500 iu restitution to tvvo victims of child porsograpliy from defendant
ofgiudemre.'Ilierestoftticguiitttmueaadths
convicted of violating federal child pomogFaphy laws was pfopcrly calculated and
Rotab...
applied; in determining the amount, district court considered Pvroline factors and
WI-LANInc.v.HTCCarp,
coucluded that defendant owed $11,000 and $15.500 to the victims, respectively by using
Sl,000 as a baseline restitution amount for each victim and adjusting upwards da (he basis
of the number of images (hat tiefendant possessed and the graphic and sadistic nature of
those images, and even though upward arfjustmeBt was greater for one of the victims
because she had rewived fewer restitutioa awards to date, district courthad broad
discretion t&ciiloulate amount of total restitution awarded. 18 U.S.C.A. 2252(A)(a)P),
2252(A}(a)(5)CB), 2259.
2013WLiil3)B
WI-LANINC., Plaintiff v. HTC WKS^ t al.,
Dtfendants,
United States Diirtrict Court, E.D. Texas, Maishall

Givtiion.
Oct.li.S013
...The Court hald pftittjalhuirifleionScFtsmber
26, Octoltf 1. Z013, and Oclolwr 10. *nii hemd
aigumcntonDeftndmtsfMoliort to Strike
PortitHH oflht Expert Reports ofAJexaBdcr
Hai'movlctt.PSi.D. ftnd Oa...
*fi720aAppeal from the United States Districl Court for the Eastern District ofMiclligan.
U.S. v. Garcla
2014 WL 991952
Before: BOGGS aadBATCfflELDER, Circuit Judges; and HUCK, District Judge.'
UNHW STATES OP AMERICA, Fiainli^ v.

Nolbtrto OARCIA, D^ltndanl.
Opioioa
MM.11,2014
BOGGS, Circuit Judge.
ii<udllieevidCBCt,l])cCcurtwi!tu]?uCtyoUO]')
United Stoits Diitnrt Cnurt, D. Kanssn.
...MEMBERS OF THE JURY; Vow that you liWo
Dfifandant-AppeUaatDonaidR&ynoids appeals his coaviction, afterajuiy trial, and bis sentence for
thaiawgowming this use. Although you as

Juron 9lv Uw folajudaei nf the facts, you murt
follow (ha law i...
three counts ofviolatuig federal child-pomography law. He argUK tfaat ths district court cned iu (I)
admitting expert testimony based on historical cdl-site data; (2) psrmitting the government to cait a
rebuttal witness; (3) excluding two alibi wtncsses; (4) iniposmg a sentence enltaacement; and (5)
calculating the amount in restitutioa. For (he following reasons, we affirm.
I. Badtgrouad
On April 7,2011, undercover Federal Bureau oflnvesdgations (EBI) Special Agent Hyaa Elaatoa
used a peet-to-pw file-sharing program fo download iniagss coataiaing child pomop'apliy froro a
computer, The FBI haced Ehe computer's intemet-protocoi address to Donald Reyaolds's home in
Caatoa, Micbiigaa. Oa May 26, 2011, TBI agents executed a search warrant on the iiomc and seized
the desktop computec fiom wtiich BIaotoahad do\vn1oaded the chiid-poiaograpiiy images. la addition
to Donald Reynolds, three other individuais regitlwly used tliat computer: Reynolds's two adutt
children who lived with liimArica and Addiew R&ynolds1and Ariel's boyfriend, Mchael Cook,
AU four individuals denied using (hs computer to view, download, or distribute child pornography.
Reynolds admitted that lie owned, the computer and that he had an account at Matcl3.<;om> an onluie
datiog swvic?.
FBI computer forensic examiner Walker Sharp found on die computers bwd driva over 8,000 childpomograpliy images Uiat had been downloaded tlirou&h a peer-to-pear file-sharing pfogram. Sharp
identified the following periods in May 2011 during wliicli a user downloaded child pornography onto
the computer.
A182
See Me Trial Court Docurocnls
U.S. v. Reynolds - Westlaw Page 3 of 8
May 6,2011 between 5:08 PM and 6:07 PM

May 12,2011 Istween 5:55 FM and 10:56 PM:
'May 13,2011 bebveen7:01 PMand 7:46 PM
*MayIS,2011 at approximately 2;2-<iPM
May 23,2011 between 9:42 PM and 10:23 PM
May 24,2011 between 7:01 AM and7:4Q AM and at 5:65 PM
May 25,2011 between 4:50 PM and 5;59 PM
The JFBI analyzed cclEphoue records aBd coaoluded tbat, during the relevant downioad periods,
Afldrew, Arica, and Cook eactiliad their ceilphone activity tliat used cell toweis that were
geogiaphicaily inconsistent wth their bcmg locafcd at Reynolds S resitlence. In coitfrast, Reynolds
made cellphone calls that usri cell toweo that were consistent with bis being at his residence during
th& download periods. a addition to tho coHphone avidence, Andrew was at work dumsg four of the
child- *tfJJ pomograpliy dftivutoad periods, and Arica and Cook were notpreseat at the home during
Ihc May 25 download pedod, There was afso activity (hrough Reynolds's htatch.com account on the
computer during or near several chiid-pomograpiiy downloads periods.
The government charged Reyuoltis with one count of receipt of child pornography, in viotatioti of 18
U,S.C> 2252(A)(a)(2); one count of distribution of cbUd pornography based OD sharing fiteswilh
Agent Blanton on April 7, 2011, imfioladon ofihc same statute; and one couat of possession ofcliild
pornography, inviolatioa of 18 U.S.C. 2252(A)(a')(5)CB). The govcrament presented FBI Agent
CbrisfopIicrHess to give expert testimony oa historical cell-site tracktug analysis. Reynolds moved
the district court to exclude Hess's tesEimony or, in t!ie altemativet to grant a Ddu&eriltcaricg "to
detenaune tlia ^mEssibility of the Goveraisent's proposed cvidcRCc related t&cell-site h'acking
aualysis." TAe district court denied dwmotion. Reynolds called Manfred Schenk as an expert mtaess
to rebut Hess's testimony, and tke government called Joseph Smyk, a Sprint-Nextel engineer, to rebut
Schenk. Defense counsel objected (o Siayks reltuttal testimoay oa the grouud that it was unexpected
expert testuuoay, in violation ofPederal Ride ofCrimuial Procedure 16, but the district court
coocluded (hat Smyt: offered-"classic rebuttal" teslimony. Defense counse] sought to inh-Qduce two
alibi witnesses in tile middlfr of tria], well after the ahtn-witRess-disolosure deadiine. The government
objecteti, and the district court excluded the two wiiaesses from testifying,
A Jury convictedB.eyaoids on all three counts. Tlie district court applied a sentence ciihancement
under the adviaoiy guidelines forposscsaion oE over 600 cluid-ponaography images ami seatenccd
Reynolds to 144 months of impnsonment. The district court also ordered Reynolds to pay a total of
$26,500 in rsstiturioit to two iiieatified ciuld-poniopaphy victuas. Tliis appeal fotlowed.
D. Standard of Review
We review for abuse of discretion a disfrict court's widenHary mlings coucenung the admission of
expert testimony, rebuttal testimony, and undisclostd alibi-\v)(a&sses testimony. K.umho Tire. Co. v.
Camiichael, 526 US. 137,142, 119 S.Ct. 1167,143 L.E(L2d23S (1999) (exciuding expert
testimoay); UmfcdStates v. Raybom, 495 F.3d328.3')3 (6tti Cir.2007) (admitting r<battal
testimony); UnitedStates v. While, 583 F.2d 899,902 (6th Cir.1978) (excluding aUbi witnesses). We
mil only "find an abuse of discretion where [we] 1ia{ve] a dcHaitc imdfinn coaviction that Ihe court
bctow committed a clear enor of Judgment iatIiscoBclusiou it reached upon aweiglung of the
relevant factors." United States v, Janes, 403 iF.3d 817> 820 (6th Cir .2005) (interoal quotatioa marks
andeitalion omitted), We review the district court's applicatioa of the seatencmg guidelines de novo,
United Stales v. Brown. 57? FJd 672.677 (6th Cir.2009), and its rcatitudoa awftr^s for abuse of
disCTetiod, UnliedS/ales v. Vandebsrg, 201 F.3d 805, 812 (6fh Cir.2000).
UL Discussion
A> ReUabUity ofHistorical Cdl-Site TracMng Analysis

Without hoEdiog a Dwberi liearing. ths distaact court adraiaed AgsotHcss's toatieiouy that, out of the
four tadividuals who had access to tfae compuler, Reynolds was Ihe only oae whose cellphonc
connected with cell towers tlsat were con sistent with the caller being aH the residence during the
relevant ctuid-poniography dowiiload periods. RcycoUs argues tliat the <iisirict *614 court abused its
discretion because Hess's Iiistorical cell-site tracking analysis was neither relevaof Ror reiiable.
Testimony "concerauag how cell phase towcfs operate constitute^] expert testimony because it
involve[s] specialized laiowledge not readily accessible to any oidinaiy person." United States v.
Yeley-Davis. 632 F.3d 673,684 (10th Cu.2011). The district court admitted Agent Hess's analysis as
expert testimony. Federal Rule ofEvidesce 702 requires the district CDtirt to act as a "gatekeeper by
A183
US. v. Reynolds - Westlaw Page 4 of 8
"ensurmg that ati experts [ftstimoay both Tests on a reliable foundation acd 13 Televant to the task at
hand." Daubert v. VerrellDow Pharm.. Inc.. 509 U.S. 579.597, 113 S.Ct. 2786,125 L,-Ed,2d 469
{19?3). A district court is notie(Euuredfo hold a Douberl hearing before admitting expert testimony.
day v. FordMofw Co., 215 F.3d 663,667 (6[!t Cir.2000), In ti>e afesence ofaDauAert heariflg, we
review the record "to dclennine -wtiether the district court eirtd Ja Eis assessoiedt of the relevance and
retiabiiity of the expert testireony." GreEHweS! v. Soatwnght, 1S4 P.3d 492, 4?8 ($!Ei Cir.1999).
Evidence is relevant if it has a teDdency to make a fact ofconsequenc* more or less probable than if
would be wiihout die evideGca. Fed.R.Evid. '(01. Agcat Hess's lestimouy was unquestionably relevant
because it was probattw as to wttether each of four persons wlio generaIEy had access to a destrtop
compater wss absent from tt<e compv(etjs location while child pomogtaphy was downloaded onto tliat
computer.
When evaluating the reliability ofexpcit (es&noay, we focus "soleiy on principles and mcihodology,
not on the conciusions that they generate." Daubert v. 509 U.S. at 5$5,113 S.Ct. 2786. The Suprejne
Court listed factors that courts could use to assess the reliability of scieatific or technicaJ expert
testimony, including (1) whether the expert's technique or theory can b&, orias been, tested in some
objective sense; p) whether the technique or (heory has been subjeeMo peer review or pubiicaEion,
(3)thekaoivnorpotendalrateofeiTOrofthe(echiuqueor(heoiywIienapp]ie(i;(4)lhce)dBteneeaa<l
maintenance of standards and controls; and (3) Etie degree to which the technique or theory Iias been
generally accepted by the scieottfio commimity. Id. at 593-95,113 S.Ct.2786.
IbeDaubert factors do not "necessarily apply... in evciy instanctt id wiuch tiic nliability of scientific
tesHm&ny is cbalienged," e.nd the distriftt courts retains considerable discretion in assessing reliability,
Kvmlw Tire, 526U.S. at 141, 351,119 S.Cl 1167; Fed.R.Evid. 702 advisory committee notes (2000
Ajnendment), But this disdrerion does not permit the (!is(rict court "to perfoim the [gatekeepEngj
function madequately." Kwiho Tire. 526 U.S. at 158-59,119 S.Ct. 1167 (Scalia, J., concurring),
Expert testimony is properly excluded if it "is couneSted td existing data ooly by the ipse dixtt of the
exp^t.Acourtmay conclude Uiat there is simply too great an analytical gap between the data and the
opiaioa proffwd." Ge. Eiec. Co. v. Joiner, 522 US. 136. 146,118 S.C(.512,139 LJ3d.2d 508
(1997).
Cellular teciinoiogy relies on radio waves to carry transmissiDas between a celiphoae and a cell Bite,
also kaown as a cell tower. Each tower typically has tfaree anieusae, eRch responsible for cowting a
120-degrec wedge. In the area aunounding Canton, Michigan, cell IOWCTS EU'C spaced approximately
one to two miles apart. A cell site "sector" refers to the area conlaiucd within a (usually) liexagonal
array of cell towers. A celiphons generates 'liistorical" ceU-sita data when il places a call and
coniieefs to a spscifus cell *61S tower.; Such data includes the particular cell-tower anEenaa to whicli
the cellptiooe connected and Uie dmation of the call.3 The "oBe-Socation" tracking approacli assumes
that the cctlplione connected to tke closest tower because that lower is otost ilkrfy to produce the
strongest signal. As most cell towere have three aatennac faciiig different diiections, the data
generally indicate the direclioa of the caller retatiw to that Sowaii.e., the 120-de^-ee wedge
serviced by the auteauaaad Ijaeraby estimate (he cell-site sector from which the call originated. See
Cisco, Wi-Fi Lcnsatkm-Based SBrvicca 4.1: Location Ttackiag Approaches 2-1 (2008). While
cetiphones are daslgnect to conitect to th& tower witli the strongest sigcal, that tower mjgltt tiot
actually be the closest because factors such as wealher, obstmcUoas, aad aehvork traffic can cause a
call to comiect to a tower farther away. FBI historical ccU-sitc hwkwg does not account for these
factors.
Reynolds relies on United Stales v. Evms to argue that Agent Hess's historical eeit-Bite analysis was
not a reliable indicator of his past [ocation. 892 F.Supp^d 949 (N J5.U1.2012). In Evans, EUI TBI agwt
applied a tedutique \Q estimate the general location of tfa& defeadaafs cellphoae duriBg a twentyminute period in which the phone connected fo two lowers to place Dine calls. Id. at 952.
To detemiins tha locatiou of a cell phone using the theoiy of granulii'ation, SpeciaE
Ageiit Raschke first idetatific[d] Cl) the physical localion ofdtS call sites used by tlie
phone during the relevant time period; (2) the specific anteuaa used at each cetL site;
and (3) the direction of&e aafeuaa's coverags. He then estimate[d] tha range ofeacli
actenna's coverage based on the proximity of the tower to other towers in the area.
This is the areain which ?e ceil phone could cocnect with the tower given liie angle
of the anlenna aad (he streugth of its signal. Finally, using his Irammg and
experience, Special Agent RascMce pcedic{[e{i] where the coverage area of one tWrtr
will ovetEap with. the coverage area of another.
Ibid. The Evans court excluded tile cell-site tracking tesfimoay as bouig liiu'cltablc under Daubert
because the testimony rested up on the questionable assumption that the defendant's phone counected
tQtheclosesttowcriaca<AicaU.''7rf.ar955-57; sl6Ucf, Untied States v. Sepulwda, H5F.3d882,
At 84
891 (Uth Cir.1997) (rejecting "cell site auaiyais offered by the government and relied on by (he
district court" at a sentencing hearing because the analysis '"coniaiaed inherent imcertamdes" as to
which sector was the origin of calls jhat connected to aparticular wll site),
Seveial "courts have reached the opposite conclusion of the Evans Court regarding the reliability of
an agenfs methodology in esdmatmg cell sectors where die agent used celi-plione recaids. Umfed
States v. Machado-Erazo, 9SOP.Supp.2(t49, 57 (2013) (quoting Umlee) States v. Davis, 'No, 11
-60285-cr,2(H3 WL 2156659, at *6 (S.D.Fla. May 17,2013)). These courts relied primarily on other
federal courtf acceptance ofhjstorica] cell-site tracking to concbdc that the tccbmquc i$ rcilablc. Id.
at 56; see also United Stales v, Schqffef, 439 Fed.Appx. 344, 346 (5di Cir.2011); Davts, 2013 WL
2156659. af *6; United Stafss v. Fama. No. l2-cr-l86.2012 WL 6102700. at *3 (E.D.N.Y. Dec. 10,
2012).
However, 'fudges are not scientists and do not have the scicatyift training that can fasititate the
making of [sdectific] decisions." Joiner, VQ. US. 136,148, US S.Ct. 512 (Breyer, X, conctmmg);
see e.g.,âtiQSsiAc^Semiwo!Swww,S<rengfhenmg Forensic Science in the United States 161
(2009) (conoIudioE iliat, although many courts accept microscopic hak analysis, "tesHmony fjnking
microscopi&Jinir analysts to aparticular defendant is highly unreliabie" and that there is "no scientific
support for the use of hair comparisons for individuaHzaUon in the- absence ofDNA"). For tlus
reason, Daubert ideiitified Eha "scieBfific commimity," rather thaa federal courts, as the retevant @[oup
inwliicli accepfaace is an indicator ofatechoique's reliabitity. 509 U.S. at 593-94,113 S.Ct.2786.
But there is controversy as to whstlier cell-site bcacyng caa pinpoint a catTs origin to a specific celtsector. &e e.g., CISGD, Wi-Fi Looatioa-Based Servicfis 4-1: Location Tiacking Approaches 2-1
(2008) ("[T]he overwhelming drawback of pure celE of origin positionmg approaches coatiaues to be
coarse granularity. For various reasons, mobiie devices can be associated to cells that arc BOt in close
physical proximity, despite the fact that other nearby cells would be better candidates.").
United Slates v. Schqffer. which lies at the heart of the anti-Evans cifation cham, concluded that using
historical cetl-sste {racking anatysis to detcnoiae a person's past whereabouts was reliable because tfao
technique was "neither untesied car unestiiblished." 439 FedAppx. at 347. But it reached this
conclusion on the basis ofteatimony that the technique had been tested and accepted by the ta\vcnfowemenl community, and not the scientific community. An FBI expert testified that tlw TBI had
been successful at least 1000 times" in locatuig suspects with. IiisEorical ccll-sitetTackJng./iK/.This
cioimappeafs(obeprecJselytbeBortof";jWff(/ta'fofthe expart" testimony that stiould raise a
gatekeeprfs suspicion. Seejoiner. 522 U,$. at 146,118 S.CL 512. While being successfislly
employed "1000 times" may sound impressive, the claim is not subject to independcDtpeerrwJ&W
sod fails to csfablisk an enonate -witli which to asse.ss icliability because thsre was no infomaticm on
how many times the teciuiique was employed unsuwessfiilly.
The Schager court also concluded (hat 'Ue technique has been accepted by approximately [sic]
federal courts " 439 Fed.Appx. at347. But tlie two federal cases it uhdSepuIveda. 115 FJd at 891,
and *617 United Sta<w v, Weathers, 169 F.3d 336 (6tli Cii.l$99)do not support the proposition that
historical ceEl-site tracking can reliably detennme s caHer's location. At a seateaciag hearing where
th& court's gatekeeper fancdon under Rule 702 was not triggered, Sepuheda refwte^ historical ccSLsite data as an unreliable indicator of 3ts cell sector irom which a caB originated, 115 F.3dat89I;
FedA-Evid. 110I(d)(3). And WcoShers simply did not involve (he use of historical cell-sife dala to
estimate B person's past iocstioa in any -way.5
1 We need sot resolve in this c.ase Itie split among federal courts as to the reliability ofusmg
liistorical cell-site analysis la delermine a callei's iocation as beiag in a specific celi-scctor. This is
because Agent Hass used historical celi-sitc aaalysis to identiiy a cell-seotor in which callers ware
not, Tfce Ewns court helrf that the FBI'S tracking technique m that case was umeliable becauseit
rested upon the quesdonable assmnption (liat eacii cd[ c&naccted to one of the neaiest toweis. 892
F.Supp.2d at 956. Agent Hess's analysis did not rely on tlus assumption. Rather than placing any of
the four callers at a specific sector. Agent Hess sought to exclvde each of them from the sector in
which the Reynolds residence was located by showmg that their catia connected to cell lowers Ifiat
were far away from tha residence. While the assumption that every caU coimected lo the ueaiest tower
may (or may not) requirs "too great an analytical gap letween t&e data and Ihe opision proffered, see
Joiner, 522 V,S, at 146, 118 S.Ct. 512, it is reliable to assume that a call would not connect to a tower
that was many sectors away. United States v. Bettfwd, No, 2:09-cr-8ri, 2010 WL 23')6303, at *3
(ND.Ind. Jime 8,2010) (admitting cell-sife analysis strowing that a peijury defeadanCs phone
connected witli a cell tower over 30 miles away from die piace she lestified to have been); see also
United Stales v. Hmderson, 564 Fed-Appx. 352,363 (IQth Cir.2014) (aAnitting fay testunomy based
on cellphonc records Ihat a call did not originate from a particular place); Uwled States v. Wlcicifso.
300 FcdAppx. 795. SCO (1 Ith Cir-2008) (same),
A185
Cell iccocds in this case showed that Cook made calls during the cluid-poraograplty (tovvnload periods
that c&unecled to multiple cei! towers ie Dearbom and InkstWt all located behvecit iO and 15 miles
away from Eiie Reynolds residence; Arica made calls that nonnwtefi to bva cell towers is southwest
Detroit, locaied approximately 20 miles away from ihe resideace; and Andrew made calls that
connected to two towers that were 6 to 8 miles away.6 AgeatHess assumed that each call was BOI
diverted to a Eower tliat was many sectors away to conclude that these thfee individuals -were absent
from the residence during (tie relevant ime periods. While the assnmpdon that a tower would not
soviet a. call made 16 or 20 miles away may be clialkagedand mdeed il was challenged at
Reynold s"s bialsucti a clialtenge speaks fo the weight of the evitfence, and not to its inherent
reliability, because there are identifiable, measurable, and scientifically accepted factors that
determine a cell towel's maximum coverage WSraugs,7 See e.g,, Jones, &t8 F,Supp-2dat5
(holding that challenges Eo "assumptions ahwt the strength of the signal &Dm a given cell lower ... go
to the weight of [the] testimoay, not its reliability").
Reynolds made calls tlsat connected to two lowers that were each approximately 1 mile away from his
residence, Agent Hsss's analysis concluded Ihat, untike th& olhcr tluce household memliers, the celEsite (lata did not slww tha^R&ynolds was absent from the home. Importantly, Agent Hess declined lo
draw a conclusion about Reynotds's Iflcation on the basis of cdl-sife daia alone. The data was used fo
estsblish the absence of the other household members from R^ynolds's residence, Tbs data was also
used to sliow that Rcynolds's absence from the residence could not bs demoBstrated, peTmitting an
inference that R&yaotds was the only one out of four household members who was at the residence
during the time cliild pomography was dowuloadcd onto a desktop computer in thatiesidence. Hess's
technique Diereby avoided the disputed assumption ihat each call connected to the searest tower or
originated from witlun a specific cell sectorTIierefore, even. ifw& adopt Reynolds's posifian tliat the nearcst-tower assumpdon is unreliable for the
piupose of Rule 702, his argument fails because Hcss's conclusioaas Eo Rcynolds's whcrealxiuts did
not rely OB that assumption. Accordingly, the district court did not abuse its diacretkm in admitting
historicat ceU-sitc trackmg analysis to detemiias -where Eiouscliolilracmbets were not located duricg
ciiild-pomograpby download periods,
5, Admisstoa of Rebuttal Testimony
Reynolds identified Manfi-ed Schenk as an expert whom he might call to rebut Agent Hess's
teslimtmy, 6ul he did not expressly commuaicate an iatentioa to cai] Sckeak und) after Hess's
testimony had concluded. Reynolds ultimately did call Sclieak as a rcbuttat witecss, aad Schcnk
disputed Hess's testunoay that eellphones UEUalty connect to the nearest lower and that the two towers
nearReynolds's home provided service i?ugcs of 1.5 miles. Specifically, Schenk estimated that a
ceHp&cme could connect io a tower that was 30 miles away, wiuch m.cant thatArica could liave been
in Re.yaol<ys residence whea she placed calls Oiat coimecEed lo lowers in southwest Detroit, 18 saQva
away. la response to Schenk's testimony, the govemmeut calied Sprint-NexteI BBgineer Joseph Smylt,
Smyk testified that, thougii pEOXinuty is not the on]y factor, it is the most impariant factor ia
(ictennimng the tower to which a celiphopw call counects. He further explained that, because Sprint
-Nextd tilted its cell towers at a downward angle, tSie coverage was far ifcss than the 30 mUes (hat
Schenk projected. Smyk esdmated that a call criginadng fi-omReynoIds's residence has a 90% chance
ofbemg serviced by ons of the two closest towers.
2 Reynolds argues oaeîpeal that Si&ykwas an improperrcbuttal witness, R.obuttal testimony is

property admitted to "rebut new evidence or new theories pr&fEend In the defendant's casc-m-cluef,
and is not Iimitedby the fact that the plaintiff could hava iabDtiaccd ihc proffered evidence in his
case-ia-cbief." United Sfaies v, Carmvay, 411 ?M 619,683 (6fh Cir.2005) (ictemal quofadoa marks
oiaitted). Smyk's fividenca responded directly to Schenk's tesfimoay as to (he range of the *619 cell
tcwers and aticndant impticatioDS and so \vas proper rebuttal evidence. Further, Reynolds's argiimcat
ttiat the government planned all along to "backioad" Smyk for a "sneak attack" is unconviaoing. See
Appellant's Br. at 43-44. Reynolds never confinccd in advance whether lie would call Schenk and so
the government could aothave reliably planned ca using Smyk to ambush R.eynolds. Accordingly,
the district court did not abuse its discretion in admittmg Smyk's testimony.
C. Exclusion of AIlbi Wihiesses
Reynoliis challenges the district court s exclusion offavo alibi ^vitnessssJames Reynolds (die
ddeBdsuifs brofher) andLany Bullockwho irere disciosed late, E& violation of Federal Rule of
Criminal Pirocedura 12,l(a)(I5- Rule I2-I(a)(1} allows Aegovenunent to request fmm the d&fendant a
list of alibi witnesses for specified limes andplaces, and the defendant must provide the llsE "|w]ilhin
14 days after (he request, or at some other time the court sets." Fed.R.Crim.P, 12.1(a)(2). Ifaparty
fails to comply, "the court may exclude the ttetunoay of any undisclosed witness regarding the
defendant's aUbi" Id. at 12,l(c). To detemiics whether exclusion is proper, the disbict court should
consider (1) the amount of prejudice to the government resulting from fate disclosare; (2) the reason
A186
Page 7 of 8
U.S. v. Reynolds - Westlaw
for nondEs closure; (3) tlia extent to which nondis closure hamis were mirigatedby subsequeat oveuts;
(4) the weight of properiy adimtted evidence supporting die defendant's guilt; and (5) odier relevant
factors. f?e,583F.2dat902.
3 The government requested aiibi witnesses &om Reynolds onMarck 1?, 2013 for Uie relevant
chitd-pomography download periods. Reynolds did not disclose James Reynolds aadI<aryBulIocfc
as alibi witnesses until June 26,2013, after triad Iiad begun. The govemment was undmibtedly
prejudiced by t!iis late disclosure because it could not investigats the altbl, and sulsequeat events &d
not mitigate Ekis prejudice, Nor did Reyuolds's offer to make these vnbacsses available for intendew
cure this prejudics. Trial had started, aud the gavenunent had altead.y prepared (and partially
presented) a casc-m-cli lot that did not take these witacsses into accatint. Further, Reynolds's proffered
reasons for iato disclosureflmbiguities in the governments notice and his desire (o avoid disclosing
"the natwe of Uie charges" to family and fiie&dwere unconviacing- TEie govemmeDE's notice
contained precise time-and-placa infoanation and so was not ambiguous. Discomfort at disclosing
criminal charges to potential alibi witaesses is an issue that every criminal defendant faces and so
canaot excuse late disclosure. Accordingiy, tlis district court did fiot abuse its discretion m excluding
James Reynolds and Lany Bullock.
D. Sentence and Restitufiua
4 USSG 2G2.2(b) provides for a fiye-Ievel cubaaceiaent for child-pomography convictions

that invohlc 600 ormore images. The district court applied this eniiaacement to Rcynotds's sentence
based on the fact that &c FBI found 8,000 child-pomography miages on bis computer. Reynolds
argues that the govenuaent proved only 269 images because that was the mimber of images
downloaded during the specifio dates and times identified by thft FBI. Wbile the government may
have proved that Reynolds received ^ only 269 unlawful images, in violation of 18 U.S.C. 2252(A)(a)
(2), it also proved that Iwpossessed over 8.000 images, in violation of 18 U.S.C. 2252(A)(a)(5)(B),
because that was th^ number of images found oii his *620 computer. Tiicreforc, the district court
properEy applied flte enlianccment.
Reyoolds aiso objects to the rcstttution awarded to hvo identified ckifd-pomograpliy victims as being
improperiy detecmined thiough "an exercise in speculation." Appeltant's Br. at 63. Urtdtr IS U.S.C. g
2259, a district court must award restitution to cliild-pomography victims ia tha "full amount of the
victim's losses pcoximately caused by the offeose, Paroime v. United Sates, U.S. , 134
S.Ct. 1710,1722,188 L.Ed.2d 714 (201')). The restihittoa amou&l shouU reflect the degree to which
Ihe individual's crime contributed to tlie victim's iuj'udcs. Id. at 1729 ("[VJictims should be
compensated and . (tefendants should, tie held to account for the impact of thetr conduct oalhose
victut],butalso...defendantsshouldbemadetiat]leforthecoasequeace5aadgravity&f[heirowti
conduct, not t!ie conduct ofofecis."). Tiie Suprems Caurt declined to provnie a matiiematical formula
to calculate resfituiion and instead provided a cou-exliaustivc last of relevant factors for coasideraiion
by lower courts. Id. at 1728. Recogiuaag diffiuilties in this approach, the Supreme Court asked lower
courts to "do Iheir best" iaexercisiag their "discretion and sound Judgment." A/, at 1728-29.
5 The district court considered ihfi Paroline factors and coacluded that Reycolds owed $11,000
and $15,509 to the victims, respectively. The district court reached these ftguws by using $1,000 as a
basetiue resiituiion amount for each victim and adljusted npwwih oa the basis of the number of
images that Reynolds possessed and the graphic and sadisdc aature oflhose images. Um'led Slates v.
Reynolds, Vo. 12-CF-20843,2014 WL4187936, at *7 (EJl.fcGch. Aug. 22.2014). Tile npwird
adjuslment was grtater far one of Uie victims because she had receive d fewer icstitution aw&rds to
date. Jet. at *6. While this may secia speculative (o S-eynolds, the Supreme Court gaW th? district
court broad discretion to calculate icstitutioa with limited guidaace. The tiistrict court indeed did do
its best" in following that guidance, and Reynolds pieBenta no evidence to the coaiiaiy. AccordiagEy,
ths districfr court did not abuse its discretion in awarding restitution.
IV. CoBClusioB
We AFFIRM Reynolds's convtctions, sentence, and restitution.
Alt Citations
626FedAppx.610
Footnotes
The Honorabie Paul C. Hucir, United States District Judgs for the Soathem Disirict of
Florida, sitting by designation.
This opioion mil refer to Dona!(3 Reynolds'S adult children by their first names to
avoid confiisiofl.
A187
A cellphoae also produces "real dms" data by passively transnittting signals to every
(Qwerwtliia raag&when it is powered on, legardiess of whether a call is made. Law-
enforcement officers can triangulate a caliefs location with real-time datawitfa

reasonable precision. See In re AppHcation ofU.S.foran Order for Pmspective Cell
SHe Localiotj Info. 0)1 a Certain Cellular Tel., 460'P.Svipy.'2dW,W n.3
(S.D.N.Y.2006). But cell]Aone companies do notfypicalSy record real-time data. See

Declan McCnUagh, Feds Push for Tracking Cell Phones, CNETNews (Feb. 1 i.
2010), hKpl/Avww.cnefccom/flewa/feds-paah-for-trackmg-cel iph oues/.
A cell fewer sometimes "hands off" a celtphone to another tower that produces a
stronger signal during acatf. There may be multiple "hand offs" during a single call,
Whea tfais occurs, the cellphonfc compaHy Tecords tlie iaifial and tiic final ecti towers
that were coimected to die ceUphone, but it does not record Etitermediate coBKections.
Tte FBFs cell-sits anaiysis of Andrew's cellphone records highlights the Evcms mwts
coBCera, According to Agent Hess's analysis, Andiew made "Wllttple caIJa on May
12,201 ], using cell towers that were "consistent with pits] croploymciit address
jocatcd at 6581 North Wayn< Road, Westland, Mchigaa," One call connected to cell
site 212-4, which is (he second closest tower to tliat address and is approximately 1
mile sway. A second call connected to cell site 212-88, which is the fifili ciosest tower
and is approximately 3 miics away. Historical cell-site tracking analysis would bays
placed Audrew's location &t Ihs time lie made the second call in the ceU-site sector
adjaceut to the sector ia which iiis place of eBpEoymentw'aslo&atcd.

la Wsathws, historical cell-sitc dala was introduced (o show that the defendant's
ccUphone sent signals from his lcnown and undi'sputsd location in Kentucky to a cell
siie in Indiana. 169 F.3d at 342. The court held that this transmission established the
"interstate commerce" cicment for the defeadaafs murder-for-hire coavicEion, Ibid.
While the cell towecs that Andrew used wera a sliorter disfaace from the residence, his
employer testified that he was not at the residence duriagfoDr of ttse dowBload periods
because l)e was at work.
Reynolds presented evidence Ihat a typical cell tower could semce a caU 30 miles
away but the government countered with evidence thai, because the cellphone
company angled its cell-sile aniemiac downward, (lie actual coverage range was
subs(antialty shorter.
End of&ocumertt OlOieTtiomsoitReuteis.NoclaimtBonfiinaiU^.GovcTiimuitWoiks.
WeEtlaw.^lOlS'niomsonRtuten ! Priracy Sm<!ia<;nt ) Acu^sibiUty f Su]ip1icrTtmi5 I Contact U* i t.SOO.REF.ATTY (1-800.733-2289) | Imprnvt WtltSa-N ^ ?OM&?< SStffSSS
At 88
Page 1 of 3
U.S.v.Schaffer-Westlaw
WE5TLAW
SELECTED TOPICS
'F3Dl3tinguii6ed by U.S.v. Reynolds, 6(h(Sr.(MldtJ, September It, 2015
Santencing and Punishment

SenlsnciDg Guidsimes
43$ ~Fed.Appx.344
Fmid Loss Sentence EnlsBBtenlsnt
g.^ U.S, v. Sehaifct' Tiiis cass was not seSecied for publication in theFederd Reporter,
i y"'ldStotcF^%p^j^^f^î^s^^gg^^gîiera^^9%ûESA^M2iêdto^
governing citatioa of judicial decisioas issued oa or after Jan. 1, 2007. See afso Fifth Circuii Rules
Criminal Law
Evideace
Reasonable E^lpsrt Testimony
28.7,47.5.3, 47-5.4. (Find CTA5 &ulo2S aa4 Find CTAS Rule 47.)
United States Court of Appeals,
SecamJnrySoufeu
Fifth Circuit.
AIPi^Dt m - JUDICIAL OPINIONS
UNTTED STATES of America, Plamtiff-Appellee
PDA En&retmtBt Man. Appendix TO

-No. 74-215 Supreme Court oftiuiUmlcdSlaj^
V,
Lakeisha SCHAFFER; Freddie G. Andersoo, Jr., DefeEtdants-Appetlants.
S21 U.S. 65i; 95 S. Ct. 1903 2d '\S9 AiBKtd

h(wb it-19. 19" June 9, i9T5 Mr. CliitfJuniw
Burger deliveit d tha opinion of tbe Court. We
imiMd uriloiar...
No.10-30431
APPENDIX H - FEDERAL
REGULATIONS
Summary CaEeGdar.
Aug.24, 2011.
Guide to Good Clinical Pnc. ApptodinS
Synopsis
...(a)7hen!giiIaBan!uitiuapulsctffln]tthfl
Background: Defendants were convicted in llie United States District Court for the Middle District
of Lottisiana of conspiracy to steal and possess goods valued over$1009 asd mterstate theft of goods,
cnttrianitdcmhich the sg(!n<y ctinfiiltrt

eiutmnic tccordl, etectniio signatures, and
haadwrittca HgDahues cxtcutcdtockclronio

rBEUtd'! 10 ba imst...
and they appealed.
AdmlsiibiUtyofExptrf Tulimony ns ti
Proper Ttchniquu forInten'Ecwing
Ctiildrtn or Evalun.ltng Techniques
Emplwd In Parttuilar Gate
Holdings: The Court of Appeals held that

1 actual loss for sentencing purposes was fair market value of stolen motorcycles, and
2 FBI agent couldtestify as expert in field ofliist&rical cell sits analysis about past locations of
B7 AI-JLSASB (Orieinally publuhnd jn 2001)

...This aiinolali<iaca]Je<rti and aiiaiy-tcsuues that
defeudaat's cell piiouc.
discusi ihc i^miiiibilitynf expert lestunoay

itgarding Iha piopcrtcciuiiqucs forintervieivins
AfBimed,
cliildnn or (Its iaierviawlugtnalhotts Uied ia the

case tief-
WestHeadaofesp)
Sit hfOH: Siconiary Sources
Change View
SrhSs
ratitson For Wri( OrCcrtiin-ai-i
1 Sentcaclug and Punishment ^r^ Value of loss or benefit

Defendant intended to possess stolea motoroycles possessed by co-coBsputators in
detecmining amount of loss when sentencing her foi conspiracy to steal and possess goods
valued over 51000 and interstate theft of goods, although dcFeadantandher coconspirators iottisJEy beliovad that they were sfeating a trailer containing fow-wbselefs,
where they did not attempt to retuni (he goods or cail the awthariti&s upon discovering that
they had actually stolen more expensive motoroycleSi but instead coutinucd with their
2011 WL 23818i3
Micbul SPICOLA, PMitioniir, v. THE PEOPLE
OF THE STATC OF NEW YOHK, Rtspoodnut,
Sapreme Court of the United Statel
June ^9,20 II
.-Tie parties to this proceeding are tie pedlicntr
(usd dnfsndant), Michaet Spicoia and [cspoad^nt

()mdplaintiff>,1hePa(;p1aoEAdSlMorNtw
Yoik. Tin; (KHidouM- Micliacl SpiMla, labotine
under co...
plan to sell tlic stolen merehaudiss.
Brief In Opposittni)
1 Case tliat cites this headnofe
2011WL404M12
Actual loss -was fair maAet value of stolen motorcycles in sentencing defeadant for
Miehaal SFICOLA. Pctifener, v. THE PEOPLE

OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, fcspoadant.
Supreme Court of (lie United Stale]
Aug-24, Mil
conspiracy to steal md possess goods valued over SlflOO and mteistale fceft of goods,
...FN* Coiiairf ofRecuid Petilioaer Wu (hwged
2 Sentencing and Punishmeut ^""> Value of loss or benefit
allhough the motorcycles were cvenhtally recovered, where defeadaat an<i her co-
with six counts of soiomj in the Bisl degreo

fH.Y. Pnii Law j 130.10(2}), tfltise counU nf
conspttatois did act refiim the merchandise prior to the discovery of (lie theft. U.S.S.G.
snmalahutAlnlIu first liigrtt (Tt.Y. Ptnal Law }

130.65(3)). a...
2BU,18U.S.C.A.
Brief ItiOppnii lion
1 Cas& that cites this headnote
20HWL3733B69
Michael SPICOLA, Petitioner, v. THE PEOPLE
OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. RupondcnL
Supreme Cnun ofthe Uniud Statei
Aug.22,30H
3 Criminal Law ^~s Miscellaneous matters
A189
Page 2 of 3
U.S.v.Schaffer-Westlaw
Allowing PBI agent to testify as expert En historical cell she analysis and to use his
knowledge to analyze data caatainedin defendant's cell phone biti to detenniRc the past
locations of defendant's cell phone was not abuse oEdiscretioa in theft prosecufioB;
agents testimony established (hat the field was nsither untested nor unestablished.
...FN* Coisnsd ofitetont Pelidoncrvfm s)iajE<I
v/iAtixwtmtsofsodomyinlle firstdegrce
(N,Y. Penal Law j 130JO(2)), thiEB cuuflts of
sexual abuse in the l;RtdBsn(N.y.E><nal Law }
130.65(3)), a...
Sco Won; Briifa
Fed.Rules Evid.Ruie 702,28 U,S,C,A.
Triil Court Dccumiuti
19 Cases that cite this headnote
In re Wver Canyon Seal Estate

InvMlmcntTi LT.C
Attorneys and Law Firms
20t3WL47922?2
to Ro: RIVER CAWOt't RAL ESTATE

*34S Shubhia Sfaivpuri, Esq., Assistant U.S. Attorney, Heltna S. Dayriea, Assistant U.S, Attorney,
Mary Patricia Jones, Assislant U.S. Attorney, Catherine M. Maraist, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S.
Attorneys Office, Baton Rougei LA, forPlaiatiff-AppelIee.
INVESTMfflflTS.LLC, Debtor.
Unittd Slates Banlunptq' Court, D. Co!otttd&.
July3>,2013
Christopher Albert Aberie, MandeviUe, LA, Jolm Harvey Crafi, Esq., New Odeaiis, LA, for
...THIS MATTER comet btfore tht Court on die

(>) Reviled Fourth Atmftdsd Plan o?
ittoisailutSoa Ftopoitd Sy lUwr Cnnyoa Reat
D efendaats-App el Eants.
D?btor Riwr Canyoa Red Ertato
Eslala invtrtmeats, LLC(lhe -Tlaa'l, filed by
Appeal ftom the United States Dtstrict Court for the Middle District of Louisiana, USDC No. 3:08
Unittd Slatw tirAmtnco V. Tliotnds
-CR-3-3,
20)iWL105234
Before HIGGINBOTHAM, DA VIS, asd ELROD, Cmuit Judges,
UNITED STATES OFAMER)CA,P!cinti%v.

David Swoy THOMAS, Dcftcdant.
United States Diifrict Ccmrt, D. New Nfsrico.
Mar. 01.2015
OpisioB
...THIS MA.mea camss befonslhs Court on
Dcftcdaflt's Motion In Suppren Tainted

Idtntiflcations [Doo. 27f, th? GovenuncDt'iFiirt
and Stcond M[itioi)[s] mLuniac and Rtqueil for
PER CURIAM:'
**J?AjuTy con victed Freddie G.Andcrson and his \vi&,LaKcishaScbaffer, of one count of
conspiracy to steal and possess goods valued over 31000 and one count of iaterstate theft of goods,
vioIalioD3ofl8U.S.C.S371 & 659. The district coiutseafeBcedSchafEcrtocoucuiTenf terms of 33
months in prison and senteuccd AEdersoa. to coiiCUEieBt tenas of 4 1 moatibs in prison. Schaffer argues
that the district court erred in deteimimng th& amount of loss to calculate her guidelines offensa level,
whtlfr Aadersoa argues that the district court abssed its discretioD by allo^ying a FBI agent to present
opinioa testimony on ths subject ofh'storical Cell sife analysis.
aDaubertHiariagpou. 14...
McNamiira,M.D.v.Tickeit,M.D.
Z(H3WL9U5402
Scott A. McNAMARA, M.D., DiuntiWCauntflf.
Diiftndant, v. CathtrinsA. PICKEN, M.D, ct d..
ElfifnnilanU/Counli r-PI lintiEfa.
United StatotDistrirt Court, Oirtrict of Columbia.

June 21,2013
,,,Thc pajrtie^ ^ppfrund btfoFB 1 ha C&mtoa Jun&
Ws review the district court's cajciilatioa oftiie Joss iuuount aud other backgroimd *346 factual
detcnninatioGS for clear error and legal qussHons about tlie mteiprctatioa of the Guidelmes, such as
the method of detemiNng loss, rfenofo. United Stales v. Harris, 597F.3d2'i2, 251 & n. 9 (5(1i
Cir.2010). Scliaffer's assertion that the district court erred ill detemii.ning (bat tbc intended loss was
$341,000, the fair market value of the 31 stolen special edition Honda ni&torcycles, is mthout merit.
1 SchatE'eEandherco-conspiraioismitiaUy believed that they were stealing a baileE contaimng
four-wheelers: however, upon discovermg that th^y had actually stolen the more expensive
motorcycles, tiie coaspiraEois did nof attempt to re(ura th& goods or call (he authorities, but instead
continueii witli tlteirplan to sell tha stolen merchandise. This continued pian evideaced Qw groups
intect to possess ide motorcycles, even though the moiorcycies were an unexpected discovery,
Schaffer has not sliown tliat she withdrew from the eoospiracy, See Untied Stales v. Caicedo, 103
F,3d 410,412 (5tii Cir, E9?7}, Based upon Uw entiro record, Sctiaffertias not demonsiiatedlhat tlie
district court clearly erred in conciuding that the conspirators mtended to possess the stolen
moforcycies. See V)n(v<i States v. Caid^vel!, 448 FJd 287,290 (5ih Cir.2006).
2 Moreover, the actual ios3 also equaled the $341,000 fairmarket value of Uhe 31 stolen
motorcycles. Even (LouglitlieanotorGycles were eventually recovered, Iheconîirators were not
entitled to a reduction in the actual loss amount becausa they did not Ktum ibe merohandise prior to
the discovery of the Iheft-U.S.S.G. 2BU, comiBent, (a.3CB)), Accordiogly, it is icaraateriai whether
the intended loss was less than Ac actad loss fcecause, m eeneial. "loss is the greater of actual loss or
intended, loss." 2B1.I, comment. (n.3(A)); see also Uniteef Stales v. Urias-Bscobar, 283 F.3d 165,
167(5thCir.2002).
3 Anderson's assertion that the district court erred by allowing the expert lestimony of Agent
Chad Michael Creasey ia the field of historical cell site analysis because the field "bears none of the
indicia of scientific reb'abiliiy that would justf^ an exceptioa to the g&nerai prohibitiom against
opinion tcstiraoay" is equatly without meriL We review the district courts decision fo admit or
exclude fevideace for abuse of discretion. UnitedSMes V. Morgsn, 505 F.3d 332, 339 (5th Cir.2007),
"*2 Jo. Daubeti y. Merrell Dmv Phanns., Inc., 509 U.S. 579,113 S.Ct.2786,125 LEtUd 469 (1993),
the United Stales Supreme Court set forth a. nondispoaittve, Boaexhaustiv&Iist of factors that the
district court coulduse to asaesa the relialiiltty ofseientific expert testimony, iaciuduig (I) whether
the expert's (Iieory or teclinique can be tested or challenged in some objeciiw sense; (2) whether the
A190
30,2013. ri2:i0 pTO. fbia pretiiat itahis

coafcicnM.Biued&nthatiiaIuscoiifarenw, it n
hereby ORDEi>D:(l)Bcfcndanti'B)otin[i in
limint(Miy3t,2...
See More Trial Court DiKumtau
Page 3 of 3
U.S. v. Schaffer - Westlaw
teclmique or theory has beeo subject to peer review orpubtieation; (3) the kno\vn or potential rate of
eiror of the fecluiique or theory when applied; (4) the existence and maintenance ofstaaiiards and
controls; and (5) ihe degrea to wjiicti tlie {echaique or (heoryfias beea generally accqsied in the
soientifio wmrounity. Daubert, 509 U.S, at 593-95,113 S.Ct. 2786. fi.ule 702 of (he Federal Rules of
Evidence encompasses theteu6ert mquiry, and also gives district courts flexibility in detenniamg
whether an expert's testimony is reliable. See Guy v. Cro\vn Equip. Corp., 394 F.3d 320, 325 (5(h
Cir.2004): FBD.R.EV1D. 702 advisoiy committee's note (2000 AmeDdraeots). The Daubert factois
are meant to be heipfal and not definitive, and fhe Suprsme Court has recogsized that ail five faetocs
do act "necessarily apply even in eveiy mstance ta which the reliabUity ofscic.tttific testuaouy is
diaHenged,"A:umAo Tire Co., Ltd. v. Cwmhhael, 526 U.S- 137,151.119 S.Ct.1167,143 LSdM
238 0999).
*347 Testimoay eslabUshed that tfie field is fleiiher untested aof unestabifshed. Agent Creasey
detailed his extensive knowledge and experience in the field, Accordiag to Agent Creasey, he had
used tlistechaique^ without error, on atteast 109 oucasians, and the FBI had been successfu! a( least
1000 tunes. Agcat Crcasoy taught courses on the subject. Purthennore. individuals whom Agent
Creaaey taiight and supervised had used dieir historicai cfrll site analysis Iraiuing to provide expert
testimo&y, and the technique has been accepted by approximately fedCTa! courts as a field of
expertise. See United States v. Weathers, 169 F3d 336. 339 (6th Cir.1999) (allowing expert testimouy
based on ceil site analysis); United States v. Sepnlveda, 115 P,3d 882, 891 (llth Cir-1997) (same).
Accordingly, Anderson has act dsmonstrateci that ths district court abused IEE consideiabte disccetton
by allowing Agent Creasey to testify as to his kdow!e<igc ofhistcrical cell site analysis and to use has
knowledge to aualyze the data coutamedin Andersoa's Verizoa cell phone btll to determiQ& llie past
locations ofAnAyaoa's cel! phoufi. Se& Morgan. 505 F.3d at 339. Even if the distdot court had abused
its discretion by a!Ioiving Agent Crease.y's testimony, Ajideraon caimot establish Ihat his subslantial
rights were viohted given that Jim. Moms, the mauasger ofaystem periE'Otmancs at Veri2ou Wlreiess
Company, was qualified, without objection, as an cycpert in cell site analysis and provided .similar
testimony and conclusions as Agent Cteasey. See fAwgan, 505 F.3d at 339. The judgment of the
district court is AFFIRMED.
AH Citations
43? Fed,Appx. 344,2011 WL 3820957
Foohiotes
Pursuant to 5TH CTR. K.. 47.5, the court iias deferamied tfaat Ehis opimofl should not b&
published and is not precedenl excsptunder (he Eimited clrcumstancw set forth in 5TH
CEEt R. 47.5.4.
End of Document
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APPELLATE COURT

SEPARATELY BOUND APPENDIX PART 1 AND PART 2

SENIOR ASSISTANT PUBLIC DEFENDER

CERTIFIED LEGAL INTERN

INDEX TO THE APPENDIX

2. Long Form Information dated March 4, 2014 ..............................................................A14

3. Long Form Information dated June 3, 2014 ................................................................A16

4. Defendant's Request to Charge dated June 10, 2014 ................................................A18

5. Motion for A Bi!l of Particulars filed March 4, 2014 ......................................................A20

6. State's Notice of Expert Witness filed June 6, 2014 ....................................................A23

11. Amended Mittimus dated Septembers, 2014 ............................................................A43

12. Appeal filed May 15, 2015 ..........................................................................................A45

13. Preliminary Statement of Issues filed May 20. 2015 ..................................................A47

14. State of Connecticut-Appellee's Preliminary Statement of Issue intended for

15. Amended Docketing Statement filed June 6, 2016 ....................................................A52

Connecticut Constitutional Articles:

CONNECTICUT GENERAL STATUTES

Conn. Gen. Stat 53a-119 .............................................................................................A57

Conn. Gen. Stat 53a-124 .............................................................................................A62

Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-133 .............................................................................................A62

Conn. Gen. Stat. 53a-134 .............................................................................................A62

Maryland Rules of Evidence

MD Rules, Rule 5-702: Testimony by Experts .................................................................A73

CONNECTICUT PRACTICE BOOK

Motion for Judgment of Acquittal (6/18/14 PMT 81-88) ...................................................A75

Direct Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria (6/18/14 PM T 43-58) ..................................ASS

Cross Examination Testimony of Detective Steven Ditria

Motion to Strike Detective Ditria's Testimony Regarding Cell-Phone Evidence

State's Exhibit 77: Sprint Telephone Records ................................................................A109

State v.Terrance Brown, 2015 WL 9809750 (2015) ......................................................A171

United States v. Reynolds, No. 14-1420, 626 Fed. Appx. 610

United States v. Schaffer, No. 10-30431, 439 Fed. Appx. 344

STATE .OF GONNECTiCUT

COURT DATE: AT:

DOCKET NO,: AAN-CR13-0148418-T

06/04/2013 GA05 - DERBY

355 REMMIHGTON ST, BniDGEPOHT^ CT 06601

Count: 1 ROBBERY 1ST DEC Type/CIass; F/B At: SEYMOUR

Count: 2 LARCENY 3fiP DEC 1'y^e/CIass; F/D Afi SEYMOUR

SIGNED (PROSECUTING AUTHOR1P/)

SEE OTHER SHEETS

FOR ADDITiONAl COUNTS

DEFENDANT ADVISED OF RiGHTS BEFORE PLEA

a ATTf. D PUB, DEFENDER

ELECTION WITHDRAWN DATE

AODIT10NA1. DlSPOSmON OOS774WW

OTH? COURT ACTION

PROSECUTOR OM ORIGtNAL DSSPOSITION

REPORTER ON ORIO^AL DISpOSITfON

SIGNED CLERK '

r~] SEE REVERSE

Poiice Case number

SEYMOUR POLICE DEPARTMENT

TITLE, ALLEGATION, AND COUNTS

Residence (Town) ofaccusect

State of Connecticut vs. (Nama of accused)

The undersigned Prosecuting

9 Fourth Street Ansopia , 06401

Authority of the Superior Court

of the State of Connecticut

Count One Did commit the offense of:

In violation of General Statute number

In violation of General Statute number

Count Two Did commit Ihs offense of;