CMbiCbl

Ift\
2013 \&)

316.4
60.5
46
.

Vox Populi

:
.. , .. , .. , .. ,
.. , .. , .. , .. ,

.. , .. , .. , ..
, - . ,

. .

46

: []/. .
.. . .. .- .: .
, 2013. - 640 .
ISBN 978-5-901574-96-6 ( .)

-( ).

- 2000 .

, :,
:. .,
n , :
n : ,
, , :
: , , ,
t .
.
: : - ,

,
.

316.4
60.5
:

Meaning of Social Life. First Edition

in Englih in 2003.
This tranlation is pulished arrangement with Ox(ord Uniuerity r.
Oxford Uniuersity Press.

originally

puished

ISBN 978-5-901574-96-6 (.)

ISBN 978-0-19-530640-8 (.)
2003 Oxford Univerity r lnc.
.. , , 2013

..

, ,

2013

. . , 2013
, 2013
V Populi , 2013

.. .

...................................................................

................................................................................

36

....................................................................................

37

: :

1.

.............................

42

:
(

2.

.........................................................

56

....................

95

3.

....

255

4.

5.

...................................................... 310

( )

................ 342

6.

7.

8.

............... 417

........................................................................................ 472

, -, - :

................. 505

................................................................................ 601

.............................................. 634

Vox Populi
.

,

.
, ,

:
, ,

, ,

,

,
.

,
<< Vox Popli>>

2003

.
,
. ,
, -

, ,

, ,

,
- .
, , ,
, , , .,

, -


, ,

ll

, .. ,

, -

, ll
, ,
,

,
, ,

.. ,

. , ,
,

,
, ,
.

r , r r

.
~ , r

,
~.

, ~,

1 , , ,

. r

. ,
1960-,


. ,

~ ,
,

2
1

11

. N2. 2011. . 6.
:

Alexander, J.C. The Sixties and : From Cultural Revolution to

Cultural Theory 11 The Disobedient Generation 1 ed. . Sica and
S. urner. University of Chicago Press, 2005;
,
(.N'23 2001 .).

,
1970-, ,

, 3

.
-

,
, ,

, ,

(. ., .

418).

.
-

1972

,
3

10

.N"23. 2011.

11
.

11.

.
,
.
,

(
,

),
.

,
,

.
, ,

,

? ,

,
,

. ,


, ,

.
, ,

11

~. ,

,
,

~ . ,
,

,
,

\ ,
,

.
,
, :
;

; ,
;
;
,
.

, ,
,
,

. ,
-
,

12

> q
(. .

5).

,
>

. >
,

as is

(,

),
>

.
,

.
, >

,
1830- > -

1920-,

>

.
, /,

/,
,

/,

/,

>

.
> -

5 .
5

, ,
, .. ,
, ,
-
, .
n -

13

. - , ,

.

,

.
,
,

.
,

,
.

,
,
.

, ,
- ,
, , ,

, , ,
, .

14

,
.

,

(. .

2).

6 ,

, , ,

("folk theories").

( lay trauma theories ).

,
(.

3).

-
, 6

. ,

:

.
,

, "

", ,
.
,
(. ., . ???).

15

. :

, ,
,

- , ,

(. ., .

256).

, ,

?

,
,

.

-,

-
. -

, ,

<

, ,

.
,

16

.

,

, ,

:
,

(
)
.

. ,

,
-:

,
-

17
2

.
(

-)
(

, , -,
).

,
.

, .

, (.
),

. ,

).


- .

,
,

, ,-

18

,
, ,
.

. ,

,
,

.
,
,

, , ,

,
,

.

.
,

, , ,
,

, ,
(. .,

127).

.
,
, , ,

19


, ,
,

. ,

, , --.

, ,
, ,

< ... >

- ,
,

, (. .,
.

165).

.
, -

20

. :
, (. ., .

167).

: ,

.

.
,

.

,

. ,

7 ,

..

,
.
,

:
, ,
, ,

. - ,
, ,

,
(. ., .
7

173).

.. ., ,
..
:
W/2004/05. : , 2004.

21

, ,

,
.

, ,

.
, ,

. , ,



.

,

. ,

, ,
.
,
,
,

22

, :

.


,
,

. ,
.

,
.

>> 8 ,

( )
,

. ,

, -

.
8

. , . /. .
. , . . .- -:
,

2010.

23

,
.
,

. -

,

, ,

.
,

.
,

.
,

.
.

24

,
--

, .

,
-
,

,
.

( )
-

.
,

,
,

: -, ,
,

,
.

.

,
-
,

25

. ,
.
,

.
.

(
,

, (. ., .

325)).

, (

-)
,

,
(
-).

,
.

.
(..

9
9

. : .. -

26

, , -,

-.

,
.

(. .

7),

:
<< t>>

. 2011. . 10 . .N"23. . 41-70.

11

27

1990-.

,
.

,
,

,

.
,

>,

,
.

, ,

28

10 ,

.

,
.

, - .

, ,

,
,

. ,

,
(. .
10

1).

(N~2 2008 .). ,

2003 .

29

,

,

2002
, ,

,
.
.

,

,
, .


,

, , ,
, , ,

, .

,
,

. ,
,

,
, ,

30

n, -

, .. , ,
( ) ,

.
-

(. .

1).
-
-

,
,
.


,

. ,

- ,
>> ,

(science studies),

11
11

,
-
: .. <<
..>>

: -,

31

, : .
>

, ,

. ,

,

. ,

,

,
. ,

,
,

.
,
, . ,

,
, .

,
, .

. ,
,
,

.

.
2010. . 9. N~2. . 155-178; ..
<< >>:

. 2005. . 4.
1. . 63-81.

11

11

32

, .

, ,

,

,
.

,
, ,

. ,
,
,
.

12

12

, . . .,
;

E-mail: kourakine@yandex.ru

33


<< >>

,
,

"Cultural Sociology or Sociology of Culture: Towards

Strong Progra for Sociology's Second Wind", with
Philip Sith, in Sociologie et Societes 30 ( 1) 1998.
"Modern, Ante, Post and Neo: Intellectuals
Have Tried to Understand the 'Crisis of Our i', in
Zeitschrift fr Soziologie 23 ( 3) 1994.
"The Discours of Aerican Civil Society: New
Proposal for Cultural Studies", with Philip Sith, in
Theory and Society 22 ( 2) 1993.
"The Proise of Cultural Sociology: Technical
Discourse and the Sacred and Profane I nforation
Machine", N. Selser and R. Mnch, eds. In Theory of
Culture, niversity of California Press, 1993.
"Towards Sociology of Evil: Getting Beyond
odernist Sense About the Alternative to the
Good", inM. . Lara, ed., Rethinking Evil: Conteporary
Perspectives. Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of
California Press, 2001.

36

. ,
,
,

, -

2001

CADIS -

1985-1986

1998-1999

-;

1993-1994

,
.

37

,
, ,

,
, .

" ()

(SCASSS)

".

-.

- ,

1984

, , .
,

, ,
6
. ,

(< ,
,

,
-.

(<
, .

(<
Il, -

38

,
.

,
,
. ,

, ,
,

,

,

, ,- .

, ,

, .

39

{,

-,

, .

?
, ?
?
? ,
, ,
, ?
,

: ,
, .

.
.
,

, .

,
.
,
.

. ,

42

? ,
,
.

,
,

, , , ,
, .

. , .

,

.
,

.
, .
. ,
,
, .
, ,

, .
,

,
.
,

,
.

, ,
. -

43

.
-
, ,

, ,

. ,
, - .

. .
,

~ .

, , ,

, . ,
.
, ,

.
,

,
, ,

.

,

. ,
.
.
, .

Ego.

Id,

,
.

44

-,
-

.
, . ,

,

,
.
-

,
, , .

:
, , ,

-.

, ,
- ,
, . -
?- .

,
.

.
,

45

. ,
.

,
.
,

. ,
1
,

(sociology of culture).

,
,

. -

(moral textures)

(sociology-of approach)

, 6 ;

.

,

46

.
,

,

.
,

() .
,
, .
,

,
,

.
,
.

, , -,

;
;

,
.

,
.

.
,
,

(truejfalse statements),

.
,

47

post hoc.

.
.

.
,
,

,
- .

,
: ,

, ,
.

, .

,

,
.

.

.
, -

48

.
, - ,

, ,
.

.
,

, . ,
,

1972

. ,

,
,

.
,

- ,

6.

,
,

. ,

49
4

, ,

5,

,
,

.
,

4,

, ,
,

( engorged)

,
, ,
.

, << >

50

.
,

,
~
.

7.

.

,

,
. ,

.

,
,
-

. .

, ,

- , , ,

,

.

51
4"

.
.

. ,
,

,

.

( )

: ,
,

;
;

,
.

. :

. , ,

,
,
, .

. ,

,
, .

, -

52


,
,

. , ,

,

,
.

,
>). . -

,
.

. ,

, ,


,
,

53

.
,
.
, ,
, ,
~

,
.

,

.
,

religion-sozilogie

,
.

. ,

,-

.

,

.

,
, , -

54

,.

,

,

,
, ,
,
.

<< ,.

.
, , ,

.
,

,
. ,
,
.

55

( )

.
,

.
,

.

.
, ,
.

,
, ,

, 6

.

. ,

. -

56

(Alexander, 1990; Smith,

1998).

,
,
.

,
,

,

.

(1974)

. ,


,
,

, , .

,
, ,
,

57

,
-

, -..;.

. ,
,

,
.

(Alexander, 1988)

Alexander

(1996).

58

, ,
,

, ,

(Sewell, 1992).

(
,

,
,

2 .
, ( ,

,

( ( ,
.

. ( (,

.. .
, ,

, .
(.,
2

, -,

-
. .
(Friedland and Alford (1991).

59

. .

.
, ,

,
-,

.
,

,

.

(science studies), -

("strong program") (,
Bloor, 1976; Latour & Woolgar, 1986).

.
,

(Rorty, 1979),

60

. ,

.
,

1992).

(Alexander, 1988; Kane,

. , ,

("weak program"),

, .

(1971),

(elaborated theoretical code),

(restricted code),

, (haitus).

,

,
.

61

("thic~

description")

, ,

("thin description")

,
,

.


,

(1962),

, ,
,

. 3

,
3

,
, - ,

,- , ,
,

(_

Alexander, 1987, 316-29).

62

,
. ,

(1971),

.
,

structures) (Rambo & Chan, 1990),

(culture

(1971, [1957]) (1985).

, ,
,
,

(Kane,

1992).

,
, .

,
.

,
, -

63

la

), ,

(agencies)

, . ,

(1978),

()

((de)fenses),

. ,
, .
, - ,

6 ,
,

. , ,


,

. 4
.

. 4

(1998) ,

.

64

.
,

,
,

,
, , ,

,
,

(culturally unmusical) 5

,

,

(Brooks, 1985),

(White, 1987)

.- ..

65

(Frye (1971, [1957]).

. ,
,

.

.

(1958),

(.
,

Alexander, 1988),
-

. ,
,

(1968)

(Alexander, 1982),

(1963)

, ,

66

:,

83),

(Marx,

1963

[1867], 71-

. :
,

, ,
,

(Smith,

1998).

,
, ,

, ,

. ,
,
,

,
-

67
5"

(coherent enterprise).

(Lockwood, 1992).

,

,

,
,
.

,
.

,

, ,

,
,

.

,

.
, ,

68

,
- .

,
.

.
(< ,

. ,
,

(<

,
. ,

. ,
, ,
,

, ,
.

, ,
,

,
,
(< (<
.
-

69

,

,
.

,
,

. ,
-, ,
,

(
)
: ,
, :

. :
,

; ,
: :

: .

. ,
, :
: ,

,
,

:.

70

vague

nouvelle

,
,

,
,

.
,

, )
( ).

(1977)

, ,

(Policing the Crisis)

("lads").

, ,

6

(1978),

( .)
71

, , ,

& Alexander, 1993).

(Sherwood, Smith,

(Gramsci, 1971). ,
("articulation")
("anchoring")
.

,

) -

( ,

).

(Anderson, 1979)

.
-

72

(Hall, Jefferson, Clarke, & Roberts, 1978).

, ,

~
,

,
,

( ?)

, .

.
,

n ,
.

, ,

,

,

73

. ,

(Bourdieu, 1962, 1977),

,
. ,

.

,

, ,

,
,

(Alexander,

1995;

Honneth, 1986; Sewell, 1992).

,
, ,

.
, .
,

, .
, .
,

, ,

(.

Lamont, 1992).

74

,
,
.
,

,
.

, .
. ,
, ,

.
,

. ,
,

, ,

,
. , ,

,
.

, , -

75

.
, r
,

.
,

1972),

(1970,

(< (< ,

,
.

. ,
.
Q ; ,
/.

(Brenner, 1994),

, .
(<,

,
.

,
,
,

. ,
-

76

,
,

,

,
, , .

ad hoc,

(self)

(Brenner, 1994: 698)

.
,

.

, ,
,

(1972)

("governmentality")
(Miller
& Rose, 1990; Rose, 1993),

. ,
, ,

.
,
,

77

(, ,

),

(Miller & Rose, 1990: 7).

(thin description)

, ,
,

, .

(1978),

7
,

,
,
. ,

,
,
.

,
,

(Edward Heat, 1916-2005) -

1970 . 1974 .- ..
78

,
(
.

Crane, 1992).

.
,

.
,
,
,

(,

1985)

Blau, 1989; Peterson,

.
, ,

,
,

.
.
,
-

79

, ,
,
.

,
,
,

(production of culture approach)

.
-

.
,

. ,
,

(trickster)

(1983)

,
.

, .
,

80

(1988)

.
,
,
,

,

.

,

,

. ,

.

.

(cultural messages)
(historical

continuities),

. ,

.
,

81
6

,
:
,

8 ,
,

, ,

(culture-structure).

, ,

.

-
,

,

.

,
8

, ,
(Communities of Discourse (1998)),
, ,

, .

82

-
.

>,

(1973, [1964]),

m
, , -,

,
,

.

(webs of significance),

,
,

.

,

. ,

,
. ,

(Alexander, 1987).

-
(causal specificity) -
,

-
. ,

83

.
, , ,

.
, -

, , ,

.
,
,
,

, -

(Clifford, 1988), -

, , .

,
,

. .
,

,

,

84

(Geertz, 1988).

.
,

. ,
, ,

,

.
,
.

,
,

. ,

.

,

.
,

85

. , ,

, , ,

. , ,
,

( )

(,

1989; Peterson, 1985).

Blau,

,
(,

Davis, 1992; Gottdiener, 1995).

DiMaggio & Powell,

(.

1991)

,
(.

Friedland & Alford, 1991).

, ,

(, Fiske, 1987; Grossberg,

Nelson & Treichler, 1991),

,
,

Smith,

1998).

86

Sherwood, 2002),

(1970;

Alexander &
(1974)

(1976),

,

.

).
,

,
,

,
.

, ,
,

,
, -

87

(1986),

(1992),

(,

Emirbayer & Goodwin, 1996; Emirbayer & Mische,

1998) (1987),
,

.

,
,
,

la ),

. ,
,

,
,
.
,

.
-

88

, .

,

.

;
-
,

.
,

,
,
,
,

1996).

Emirbayer, 1996; Smith & Alexander,

(boundary maintenance),

(
.

Lamont & Fournier, 1993),

89

("othering").

(. Alexander & Smith, 1993; Edles, 1998;

Magnuson, 1997; Smith, 1991).

. ,

(1974)

(1996),
(1976, 1981)-

,
. ,

,
,

(1988).

-,

(,

1989),

, ~ .

6
,

90

, .

. ,

(1986, 1994, 2000;

Wagner-Pacifici & Schwartz, 1991),
(1995), (1983),
(1996, 2000), (1999),
(1994),
,

, ,
, ,

(.

Lara, 1998).

.


.

, ,

.
, , -,

(Wagner-Pacifici,1986, 1994).
(Jacobs,

1996)
(civic engagement),
(Alexander, 1995;
91

Eyerman, 2001).
,

(social inclusion) (Jacobs & Smith,

1997; Smith, 1994).

(Jacobs & Smith,

1997; Smith, 1996).

, .

(,

Kane, 1992).

(Barthes,

1977),

, ,

. ,
, ,

, ,

. , ,

, ,
,

.

, ,

,

. , -

92

,
, ,

(exclusion) (Beisel, 1993),

(Jacobs, 1996), (Seidrnan,
1988), (Gibson, 1994; Srnith, 1991, 1996;
Wagner-Pacifici, 1994)
-

(Alexander,

1995 ).

.
,

(Ku, 1999; Srnith, 1996).

93

,
.

,
,

, ,

.

,

.
,

,
,
, .

94

<< ~> ~>

ne ,

. , ,
,
, .>> 1
n~>,

1944 .

<<~>>> ,
~>~> .
. .,
, ~>.
. ~>,

<< ~>.>>.
Ma,l987 .
<< <<>> . ~> ~>~>
~>, ~> ~>

...

. ~>~> , , ~>

~> .

., . ;
, n~> .
~>. .

>> 2
... , << >>

, ,
,
1

. .

. . .

95

,
,

,
,

? 3 3

,
,


.

,
, ,

,
,

, ....
,

....
; , ,
. ?
: , ,
, , , ,
,
.
, ,
, , , n,
,

. (Berenbaum & Peck, 1998: 12)

.
, ,
, n

,

(Berenbaum & Peck, 1998: 1).

: , ,
- , ,
: .

, ,
....
,
; ,
n ; ,
.
. -

96

4
,

,
, ,

, ,

, ,

1945

. ,
,

,
,

. , -
- ,

. (Berenbaum & Peck, 1998: 5)

,
.
, ?
4

,
, ,

. ,
,

-
-
-
,
-
.

97
7

, ,
-

.
- ,

,
,
.

,

,

,
,

1943 . 27

1944

,
.

,
.

(Current History, March 1944: 249).

, , ,
. -

98

, ,

,
,

(February 7, 1944: 19.

..).
,

5

( atrocity)

, ,

.
6

,
,

:
,
, ,
,
...
,
[sic],
. .
: []
- .

: ! ("Gut the heart of Japan with

firel")

,
.

- ,
,

, .
.

99
7'

7.

1945

,
, ,

, ,
,

, n1t.

1t
< 1t

(April 23, 1945: 23.

. -. .).

, 1t ,

1t

(April 26, 1945: 12.

.- . .).

, 1t
1t

20).

(April29, 1945:

>

1t ,
7

Robert Abzug, Inside the Vicious Heart

(Abzug, 1985).
8

(1945: 1184)

100

,

,

,
,

,. (

4,

1945: 6).

.
,
,
,
.
>>

,.

,
, ,

,
.

>

101

(January 6, 1945:

62)9

1945

_
, .

,

10

,
,

, ,

,
. ,
.

, 9

,


. Laqueur (1980). ,

(Thompson, 1997).
.
,
.
10

, ,
, , ,
,
,
,

,
.

Zelizer (1998: 49-140).

102

(symbolic extension)

.
. ,
,

, ,

,
, , ,

.

.

, ,

.

,

. ,

103

, .
, , - .
,

,
,

,
, ,
,

.
,

11
11

1945

,
,

, _

. ,
, ,

_
, .
,


. , ,
,
, , -,
, , ,

104

, ,

,
.

?
-,

("radical evil"),

.

,

,
.
,
,
, . . ..
, ,
,

(Octoer 8, 1945: 453).

:
. ,
,

Friiulein,

. ,

- ,
, - .
,
,
. (October 8, 1945: 31-2)

, , -

,
, ,

...

, ,
,

(October 3, 1945: 18).

. Abzug (1985).

105

(Kant, 1960)12 ,

? ,
, ,

,
,
,

.

, ,
,

,.
12

("lay trauma theory") 13

("Radical Evil: Kant at War with Himself"

(Bernstein, 2001))
. ,

,

,
,

.
. ,
,
. ,
, -
.
(2001)
, ,
, ,

, ,
, ,
,

.
,
, ,

. .
.
13

,
,

106

14 .

. ,
,

, ,
-

, ,

.
" .
, ,

, , , .

- 1998-1999 .

,
.
,

3,
(Cultural Trauma and
Collective Identity (Berkeley: University of California Press,
)). , ,
,
(Friedland, Roger,
& John Mohr, eds., The Cultural Turn (Cabridge: Cabridge
University Press, )).

, .
14

-
, , , ,

(. :
Enlightment thinking ). - . .

107

.

,
.
, ,

15
15

n n
, n
, ,
. n
, (1981-1982)
,
, ,
,

. n n
(1992) -
. ,

n
[ ..],
. , .
, ,

.


,

,
,
.
,

,
(Higham, 1984: 154).
,
, ,

n

108

, ,

,
.
,
,
,

, ;

. .
(
)

, ,

. , ,

(171).

,
,

.
, ,

109

16 ,

( ), ,
,

(in and of itself),

2000: 178).

(Diner,

(badness),

("evilness")

, .
,
.
,
,
.

,
,
,

. ,

16

. , -

(2001: 43):

,
,

110

, ,

(1982)
(Axial Age civilizations).

.
,

, ,
, ,

(pollution),

<<>>:


,

, ,
.

,
:

? 17 ,

, , ,
17

. Collins (1992) , , ,
, Language and Symbolic Power(1991).

111

. -

. , ,

1945

-
, ,
,

, .
,

, ,
,

18. , 18

, 6 ,
.


, ,
(Fatherland) ,
(Harris, 1992). 1967

.
,
,
,
.

. ,

. ,
,
,

.
,

. , , ,

112

, ,
, ,
, ,

-
19. , ,

.
:.
,

,
,

, ,
, . -
,

: ?
,

, ,
.
19

, 3,
,
1944
,

: ,
,
.
,

, []

(Zelizer, 1998: 51).

113
8

.
,

, ,

.

.

,

, ,

, .
:

?
? ?

?

,

,
. ,

. ;
, .

-
, ,
,
< ,

114

20 -
. ,
,

, .

,
( )

. ,

. ""

1945

? ,
, .
,

20

, ,
,
, ,

(ad-hocing),
" " ("etc. clause"),

(indexicality)

,
.

115

.


~
,

, , ,

21
-

.
,

,
,

.
,
, , .

,
,

, , 21

. Fussel

(1975).

116

,
.

, ,

22

, .

, .


. ,

,
,

, ,

-
.

.
,

22

Herf (1984),

117

(Smith,

1998).

,
,
,

23 , ,
, ,

24


, , ,

, ,
,
. ,
-
, ,

.
23

,

. Alexander (1998).

24

,
,
;

,
.
. (The Collapse
of the Third Repuic (1969)).

118

<< >>:
::

(Kristallnacht)

.
,

.
, ,

1938

..

(Diamond, 1969: 198).

(201),

119

,
.

, , ,
,

(197).

,
,

.

,

,
,

. ,

- >
,

:
, -

120

,
,
,

(. :

Diamond, 1969: 198).

' ,
, []
, ,

(. :

Diamond, 1969: 199).

(. :

Diamond, 1969: 198-9).

,
,

, . --,

, -
, ,

(. :

Diamond, 1969: 200).

. . ,

-
,

121

...

, (. :

Diamond, 1969: 201).

.... ,

(. :

Diamond, 1969: 205).

, , ,

,
...
,

, [] (.

Diamond, 1969: 207),

. ,

,
.

,
(. :

Diamond, 1969: 198, 199, 201).

122

.
, - ,

1969: 205.

(Diamond,

. -. ) ,

.
:

.

,

, ,

,
.

-:

,

.
,

,
, ,

123

25
,

.
,

. ,
.
- ,

-
. ,
,



,

25

(Gleason, 1981; Higham, 1984)26

:

,

,
, ,

. (July 7,
1941: 44). ,


, ,
,

,
(Stember, 1966).

. Hollinger (1996).
26

,
, ,

n .
n,
n.

124

27,
,

:
.

(Shapiro, 1992: 16).

,
.

(Silk, 1984).

. ,

weltgeschichte

( ),

,
27

(Geertz, 1984),

-. ,
,

, .

, , , -

125

28 ,

("progressive narrative"),

,
,

. , ,

, .
, , ,

,
. ,
,

, ,

,
,

,
28

(liminal)

,

.

126

29 ,
,

, .
(
)

, 30
, ,

,
, ,

, ,
,

29 .

("liminality")
- n
(The Ritual Process (Turner, 1969))
.

30

,
, , ,

1919 ,
,

,
.
, ,
, , n
, .

127

: ,

,
. , -
,

31 ,
, ,

.
31

,
,
- ,
, ,

. (
.) ,

,
.

,
,

, . , ,
,

,
.
, , ,

,
.

128

1942 (Dawidowicz, 1982;

Laqueur, 1980; Norich, 1998-99).

,
,
, ,
,
.

1943

. ,
,

32
32

1944 ,

1943


("The Extermination of the Jews" (Februay 1943: 194203)),
,
. :
, ,

, ,
[ ] ,
, . 1942
, , 2 000 000 .
Vernichtungskolonnen ( )
,

,
. :
("Total Murder," March 8, 1943: 29).

:
, ,

129
9

, ,
-

(Dawidowicz, 1982).
, ,

.
, , -

,
.

, , ,

, , .
450 000 , "judenrein" (
).
( 24, 1943: 54). 1944

1944: 18-9).

(October 28,

(1985) ,
,
, ,
,
,
1942 (Abzug, 1985:
17).
- ,
-

,

, ,

,
,
, ,

(17).

,
,
, -

130

,
.

, ,

(Feingold, 1974: 250).

themselves).

(the mass killings in and of

, ,

.
, ,

.
, ,
. ,
,

.
33

1945

,
>

(. :
33

Benn, 1995: 102).

131

(. :

Benn, 1995: 102)34

,
, ,

, ,
.
:
,

. ,

, ,

,

34

, , :
,
[]
.
,
,
.
....

1938

, , -,
- .

, ,
, ,
,
(Novick,

1994: 160).

132

.
,

-
(Zelizer, 1998: 63). ,

>

> ("Chronicles of Liberation")

(63-85). -
- 16
,

,
-,

, ,

(183). 5

. ,

.
:

(129).

.
, ,
, >

133

. ?
,

? (.
:

Zelizer, 1998: 128).

. .
""
.

, ,

,
,

(. :

Zelizer, 1998: 129).

, ,

,
,

.
, ,
,

134

,
(. :

Abzug, 1985: 19).

. ,

. , ,
,

.
:

, ,

35

,

.
,

36

(Lemkin,1944)).

1944

(Axis Rule in Occupied Europe

,
,

, , , ,

.

,
.
, ,

,
.

135

. ,
, ,

, ,

(<
- (.
:

Benn, 1995: 102).

,
. ,
,

(<

. ,

(<-


,

(<
. (<

, (<

136

9, 1945: 20).

(October

, ,

1945

.
,

. , ,
, ,
, ....
, ,
,

, , ,
.

137

("an-

other")

(Lipstadt, 1996: 195-214).

[ ] ,

: ,
,

; ,

, ,
....

""

(Rosenfeld, 1995: 37-8).

,
,
,
, []
,

....

-, : ,
,

" ",

(Novick, 1994: 160).

,
.

,
.

.
, -

138

, . ,

.
,

,
,
.

, .

,

.... ,

,
. ,

,
,

.... ,
, ,

,
,

(Welles, 1945: 511).

139

.
-,

(Stember, 1966).

,

,

.
-

-
. ,

,
... -

140

>>

(New York Times, October

1, 1945: 32).

1945

1948

(Dinnerstein, 1981-82).

,

,

1950

,
,

. ,

- -
,

,
,

, ,

.
,
,

.
,
, .

[ ] , []
,

141

...

... .

...

, ....
,
,

, []

,

. [] -

(October, 1945:391-9. .

..).

, ,

.
,
,

: ,
" ",
.
36

, ,
.

142

(<

(. :

or Non-sense?"

i,

August 20, 1945: 92).

"Sense

, ,
(<

,
, (<

..
,
: (<

, ;
,

1945: 208-9.

(August 20,

.- . .).

1946

(<
,

(<

.
,

.
,
, ,

, . ,

143

268.

(Dodson, 1946:

. -..).

1946

], ,
,
,
,

""

(Hart, 1947: 61).

1949

,
,

"

" .
,

-, ,

, Q .

(Whitman, 1949: 34-5).

1943-45

1945

, ,

144

, -
. ,
,

, ; ,
.
,

- ,

. , ,

[
]

(Dinnerstein, 1981-1982: 137)

,

,

.

,
, ?

.

, ,
,

(Buck, 1947: 135.

145

.- ..).

, (<

, (<
,
: (<,
,
,

(Carter, 1947: 180).

(<

(<

.

.

(<
, ,
, ,
; ,

.
, ,
,

,
, .
.

(Perry, 1948: 96.

. -..)


(<"" -:

(October 13, 1952:

170-6).
-
.

1945

(Pride of the Marines)

146

, ,

: , ,

, , ,

1930

? ,

, ?

(Short, 1981: 161).

, ,

,
, , ,

: ,
.
,

... , ;
!
, , ,
... ?

(Short, 1981: 161).

"America the

eautiful",

:
, ,

. , , , , , .
,

, .

147
10

, .
, ,

(Short, 1981: 161-2).

,
-,

(Gentleman' sAgreement),

,
,

(Crossfire),
-

, .

,
,

, ,
?

, -
, (. :

Short, 1981:

180)37

,

. ,

38
37

(December 13, 1947: 20) ,
- [] ,
, ,

, ,
- .
38

, , ,
, -

148

,
,

1945 .

(Dinnerstein, 1981-82: 140).

,
.

, -
,

, .
,

(
) (Short, 1981: 157. .- . .).

149

(Realpolitik)

. ,

,

, ,

, ,
,
-,

,

.

.

,

.
, ,

150

,
,

1945

1945

("nation").

,
.
,

1945

.
,

(Shapiro, 1992: 28). -

-,

39 . igham

(53)39

, -

(1984) Silk (1984).

151

.
.
,

Shapiro, 1992: 143).

(. :

, ,

,
.
:
, ,

40 40

,

, -

.
-

:
, ,
; - ; - (.
: Shapiro, 1992: 3 : Abzug, 1985: vii). ,

, -
, ,
.

,
,
.
post hoc
,

- ,
,
, - ,
.

152

, ,

, ,

. ,

,
, ,

, ,
,
-,

.
,

.

,
,

.
,

.
,
,

153

41
,
,
,

,
.

,
,

, .

" cmpy"mypa
,
, xapaepGeisteswissenschaften,
,

,
.

. ,

,
,
, .

,
,
(Geertz, 1973 [1964]).

-
-
.

154

-.
-

42

,
.

.

, , ,

. , ,

, 43
42 . ,

(Dilthey, 1976).

. Anne Kane (1998) Eric Ramo and Elaine Chan (1990).
43

.
,
,
, -,
,
.

155

,
~

,
( )

44

45 , , , ,
. ,
, ,
,
,
, , ,
(Novick, 1999: 232).
44

(Holocast and Genocide
Stdies)
weltgeschichte ( ):
,

: ,

... ,
: ,
,
, , ,
, - ,
, , ,

(1 (1): 1986: 1. .- . .).

,
;

,
. , , ,

,
1988 , ,

, , ,

, ,
,
(3 [3] 1988: 255. .- . .).
45

, , ,
( -

156

....

...

(Diner, 2000: 1).

,

(sacred-evil),

. -
, .

,
.

-,
, .

, - .
,

1968

("The Jewish

Tragedy and the Historian")

.- .. .) 1972 ,
,
,
; ,

164-5).
157

(Zelizer, 1998:

. ,
.
,

, ,
, , .

? , , ,

, .
,

...

(Deutscher, 1968:163).

,

,

, .
,

,- ,-
,

(Deutscher, 1968: 164).

1981

,
:

,
;

158

, ,

,
.... - ...

....
.

: .
?

(Hartman, 1996: 3-4).

, .

1999

The Gathering,

(van Gelder, 1999:1).

- ,
. ,
,

, ,

(Garber & Zuckerman, 1989: 199),- 159

, 46

(Shoah),

132).

1948

(Novick, 1999:

, 46

1949
, .

t ... , ,

.
, . 1953


,

... Shoah
....
.
, .
... 1957 1959
... .
,
,
,
.
...
, ,

... .

(Korman, 1972: 25961).

160

("awe-fullness")

.
,

, 47
,
47

shoah

Ofer (1996).

, n
,

n shoah,
,
,
: shoah
n ,

.
-

. ,
-
" :
" (The Liberal
Mind in Conservative Age: American I ntellectuals in the 1940s and
1950s), ,
(Higham,
). (1989: 202),

-
27 1963 , ,
n, , . ,
, ,
1961
,
. ,
,
.
- 1963
,
,- ,
, ,

. ,

, ,
.


. , - ,
(Bier,

1986: 203);

""

(Zielinski, 1986: 273).

161
11

""

(nonreferential quality)

(. :

Garber & Zuckerman,

1989: 201).

(bridging metaphor):

, ,

.
,

, .

, ,
.

, .

,
,

-, ,

48 ,
48

162

8.

.
.
,

,
.

,
,

,
, ,

" ". ,
,

, .
,
,

.
, ,
,

.
.

, ,

. , , ,

- . ,
, ,

,
, .

,,.

163

.

,

[.. , ]~ 49

(Aristotle, 1987: 3. 2. 1. .- . .)

.
,

. ,

,

, , ,

. ,
.
.

, , ,
.

(tragic narrative)

, ,
--.
,
,
, ,

.. .

164

. ,

, .
, ,

, ,

,
.
-

- ,
,

, .

- 50 50

, , ,

.
,
,

,
.
,

,
,

, (Amishai-Maisels, 1988:
457).
,
, ,
. -

165

, ,
, , ,

. , -
,

, ,
, .

, ,
, ,
(464).

- ,
. ,
,

,
,

....

, ,
. , ,
- ,

(467).

.
,
, :,
.
, ,
,
. , ,
, ,
.

166

n,
.
: , .

. ,

1933-1945

. ; ,
,
, .

(Admitting

the Holocaust),

, ,

, "

"

(Hartman, 1996: 2, 5).

,
.
,

- , ,

(Frye, 1971 [1957]).

,

(

)
. ,
, , ,

,
,

167

51 ,


,

, .

, .
,
,

,
.
,

...

> 52

(Aristotle, 1987: 4 .. 1.2).

: -

[] ,
,

,
51

, .
, , ,
.
, ....
:
? ... ? ?
? , (Rorty, 1992: 12-3).
,
,
,
,
.

(sage-house)
. , , ,

,
, (Hartman, 1996: 157).
52

.. .

168

. ,

53

.1.. 1.3).

(Aristotle, 1987: 4. 2. 1, 4 .

,
.

, , ,

(displacemen t )54

.. ..

("trauma drama"),

~ .

,
.

53

. . .

54

, . ,

,
, ;
,
.

. Brooks (1995).
,

, .

169

. ,
,

, ,
,

.
,

. , ,
. .


.

,
, ,

,
.

55 55

170

,
;

(Bauman, 1989)56

, ,

,

57 , ,
. ,
1941 ,
: ,
,
.
,
, (Zelizer, 1998: 43).
56

(
Modernity and the Holocaust (1989)).
,
,
. ,
, ,

,
(Postmodern Ethics (Bauman, 1993)), n
, , ,
n n.
n

, nn

n;

n ,

. n
n n (Winter
in the Morning(Bauman, 1986)). n
: , ,
n.
57

n ,

, . ,
n
, n
.

171

j
,
,

, 58
,
, j

>~

1992)59

(Nussbaum,

()
() .

,
. j, j

fin-de-siecle.
,
-
,
- ,
, , ,
,
.
, , ,

, ,
,
,


. . Liberles (1995).
58

, ,
, ,

. ,
,
. ,
.

59

, n ...
.

172

. ,

, ,
.

,
,

. ,

,
,

60

60

... ,
.

,
,
, .
,
, ....
,
,

(Lear,

1992: 318).
,

? ,
, , ,
, , .

173

- , 4

, .
,

.
, ,

, -
. ,

61


,
,

. ,
, .

,

.

,

,
,

61

, ,

, ,
.

174

1978

--

,

. ,

(Wiesel, 1978:1).

,
, ,
,
,

(. :
62

Hartman, 1996: 84)62

, , ,

,
.

. ,
,
-.
. :

, -
(Braun, 1994: 82).
, , -

- ,

, ,

.
,
:

,

,

. , ,
. , ,
, -

. ,
.
-

175

,
.
,
,

, ,

-,

,
.

, ,

63
.


,

. ,
,
,

, , ,
()
.
, (Problng the
Limits of Representation (Friedlander, 1992)).

,

,
,
, ,

.
,
, ,
,

, ,
,
. ,

, ,
.

63

, , ,
, ,

. , , -

176

,
.
, ,
;

.
.
-

.
, ,

,
, -
64.


,
,
, [] ...
(Diner, 2000: 218). ,
- , ,
, .

64

, , - ,

,

, , , ,

.
, , ,

. ,

177
12

,

,
.
, ,
,

, ,
. ,

,

. ,
, ,

. ,
,
,
.


, ,
, - (The olocaust
in American Life (Novick, 1999)).
, ,

la

-
,
. ,
,
,
,

,
,
,

(207).
, n
,

(186),
,
,
(185).
,

(152),
(152) ,
(187).

.
- , -

178

. , I' ,
. ,

,

.
, ,
. ,

, .

,
. ,
,

, . , ,

,
.

.
(Preserving Memory: The Struggle to Create the Holocaust
Museum (1995)).

, . ,

. ,

- ,
,

(17 -28). ,

1978 ,
--
. ,

,
,

, .

. , ,

, , ,

(39) -
, ,

, .
,

,

. ,
, -

179
12'

- ,

,
,
,
,

.



,

. ,
,
.

,
. ,
,

,
,

,
,
. . ,
.
(The Holocaust Industry:
Reflections the Exploitation of Jewish Suffering (2000))
, ,
,

,

.
, ,

,
,
(37).

(ideology-critique):

...
. , ,
, ...

. ,
(150-1).

180

.

,
.
,

65 ,
- ,
, , ,

, ,

-
.

-,
. 65

(1984) ,

, ,
,-

.
, .

181

,
, ,

66

?
-
. .
.

,
,

, ,
.
,

1945

,
,

.
,

;

, 66

1990 ,

, ,
(. : Novick, 1999: 232.
.).

182

- ,
-

.

, ,

,

, ,
, ,

.
,

.
,
-

, ,

,
,
, , .

,
.

183

1947

67 ,

1952 .
1955

1959 .

,
, ,

,
.

, .
, , ,

,
,

>>.

67

,
i

,
.

, ,

Het Achterhuis ( ) ,
1947 , ,
, . . ..
, i

.
i

184

(Strenghold, 1988: 337).

, ,
, ,
,

.... ,
. .
, ,
....

, .

(w. :

Doneson, 1987: 152)68

, -
.

, ,

,
.

,
[]

.
,
, -

[] ,
68

. ,

(, Rosenfeld, 1995),
,
, .
,
,- , ,
, .

185

,
,
- ,

(.
:

Doneson, 1987: 153).

. ,
,

.
, , , (<
,

...

. , ,

...

... , ",
, "

(. :

Doneson, 1987: 154).

, , (/

,
,
,
(. :

154).

Doneson, 1987:

,
-

186

<, ,
,
,

.
, ,

, .
, ,

,. (. :

Doneson, 1987: 155).

1995

,
" " ...
,

, .
.

,

,.

(Rosenfeld, 1995: 37).

,
,.,

, ,
-

187

, .

1953

17,. (Stalag 17)

(Shapiro, 1992: 4).

Heroes)

(Hogan's

.
. ,
,

-,

,
.

.

,

69
69

, -

188

,., ,

1978

,
,

.


,
,

70
,
,

,. ,
,..

,
.
,

1995 .
70

(1986),

189

Zielinski

t ~t ~

~~
.
>
~ ~
~~,

, ,

.
, ,

71
71

,
,
.
(
. ) ,
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
, (. : Morrow, 1978).

. , (One,
, : Facing the Holocaust) .

- (Miller, 1990: 232).
8.J!

,
, ,

6.
:

.

,

, .

. (. Docker [1994]
).

.
: -

190

,
,

, ,

,
.
... , ,

, ,
,

(Miller, 1990: 232).

. (.
.)

n
(anti-commodification)
, ,

. , ,

, n
. ,
,
... .

...
... . . . ,
, , "

" .
,
,

:
, ,
... ""
6 , 6
"
n". ,
...
, n
(. : Herf, 1986: 214, 217).

191

1961

, ,
,

.

.

n. 54).

(Lipstadt, 1996: 212,

(196).
,

,
, ,
, .
- - ,
,

...
,

192

(Braun, 1994: 183).

, , , ,

, ,

(Lipstadt, 1996: 213.

.- . .). ,
,

.
,
,

.
.

.
,

.
, ,

72
,

73 72

.
.

(Hannah Arendt and

the J ewish Question ( 1996)).

73

,
"

193
13

.
.

, , ,

,
,

.
,

,
. , " -
.
,
(Novick, 1994:
161). .

, ,
(. :

Zelizer, 1998: 155).

194

, :

, " " (.
:

Novick, 1999: 137)74

1992

101
(Ordinary
: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final
Solution in Poland) (Browning, 1992),
:

" "

(Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans

and the Holocaust) (Goldhagen, 1996),
( )
,
,
.
74

, -
, ( -

), " "

.

195
13.

, ,

, .
,

, ,

.

? ,
, ,

...

?
,
, ,
,

(Browning, 1996: 72) 75

. ,

, 76
75 .

Browning, "Ordinary Germans or Ordinary

Men? Reply to the Critics" : Berenbaum & Peck (1998: 25265)
Goldhagen, "Ordinary Men or Ordinary Germans?" : erenbaum
& Peck (1998: 301-8).

76

, "", ,

, ,
- - .

196

, ,

1945

.
,
- ,

.
-

"", "

", , , .
" ", ,

, ,
- " ", ,
(Weisserg, 1997: 178. .).

197

77

,

.

,
,

, .

, ,

.

,

,
,

.
,

77

. (American Tragedy

(Kaiser, 1999)) ,

,
.

, , ,
, ,
.

198

Amerika,.,

. -

,
.
,

1968

78

78

,
.
.
:
(Crimes of Oedience: Toward Social
Psychology of Authority and Responsibllity) (1989),


.

199

.
,

,
,
.

,
-

.
,

111

200

,

,

,
,

, ,

.
,

79
, ,

.

,

,
,
79

.
"", ,

- : "
" - .
(
, )
. , , -
. " ,
- ",-

(Julie Salamon, "Humanized, but

Not Whitewashed, at Nuremberg," July 14, 2000: 22).
201

. ,

,
,

,
,

. ,
,

. ,

,

80
,

, ,
80

1995 ,
,

. ,
. ,
,
, . . Linenthal (1995).

202

-,

,
;

,

,

.

, ,
,

,
,
;

1942 81

27 1979 ,

,
,

, ,
(. :

Linenthal, 1995: 37).

,
81

, , : Laqueur

. (The

(1980)

Dawidowicz (1982).

Abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust (Wyman,

1984)).
203

,
.
,

-,
-

1944

31

. ,

, :

;

(. :

Linenthal, 1995: 217).

. .
, ,

1944

14

. ,

.

,

, -

1944 ,

,
,

204

-. ,
, ,
.

- :

(. :

217-8).

Linenthal, 1995:

,
,

. ,
, ,

(. :

219-24)

82

Linenthal, 1995:

,
, , ,
. ,

82

,
, , ,

, ,
,
. ,

,
.

205

,
,

,
<

83

,

,

84
, ,

,

, ,
. ,

,
.


83

., , n
,
(De Gaulle: The Rebel1890-1944 (Lacouture, 1990)).
, ,

n n ,
,
, n, ,
.
84

(Le chagrin et la
pitie} . (La
France de Vichy). n
. Hartrnan ("The Voice of Vichy" (Hartrnan, 1996: 72-81)).

206

,
,

, 85

.

,

, , .
,

,

,

- ,
(. )-
, ,

,

85

,
, ,
.
,
. -

Gedenkdienst,

, ,

,
,
-

:
- ,
.
, ,

.... "
[], , - , [

Gedenkdienst], - . .
. " (July 30,
2000: 3).

207

.
,

,
, ,

t, ,
, t

t
t ,
,
,

.
t ,

te,

.

,

, ,

,
,

, t

- ~ (. :
Novick, 1994: 161).

,
t ,

208

, ,

,
,

, .

.
,
, ;

, , ,

.
,

,

.

("engorgement of evil").

. ,
,

. , , ,

, ,

. -

209
14

("post-Holocaust morality")86

,
,

.
,

,
.

,

-
.

_,
.

,
,

87
86

("Post-Holocaust

Political Morality" (Guroian, 1988)).

87

,

. ,

, ,
(. : Novick, 1999: 232).

210

,
,
,

-
. - ,
,

.
, --

, ,

, ,

,
.

,
.

.
: ,

.
,
,

,

.
.

211
14

, ,

, .

~

.

,
,
.

.
.

.
, ,

.
,

: .

,
, .

,
,

Historikerstreit,

, ,
,

(. :

Kampe, 1987: 63).

, -

212

. ,

(. :

Kampe, 1987: 63).

, ,

, .
, , .

,
,
,
.

,

. .
,
,

, ,

, ,

, .
,

,
,

213

, .

,
,

.
-
,
.

- -,
,

(
, , )
, -
,

?
,

88 ,
88

20

1999

- :

- :

,
,

.
- ,
....
, - ,

214

, .

,

,

,
, .

,
.

.
1977 ,
.
1986 ,

.
, ,
- , [ ],
,

, ,
800 000 , ....

, []
, -
- ,

,
1981 ,
. . ..
[]
("U.S. Reopens 22-Year Case against
Retiree Accused of Being Nazi Guard": 4).

215

,
,
.

89

89

("Ethnocide and
Ethnogenesis: Case Study of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw,
Genocide Avoided" (1 [1], 1986: 91-100)).
(American Holocaust: The
Conquest of the New World (1991)):
...
6
.

....
6
, .
,
,
,
,

....
,
1851

,
(Stannard, 1996: 2. .).
,

.

216

.

,

,
.

.
,

,
,
,

, ,

. ,

,
,

217

,

:

.
,

. , ,
,

, ,

90 ,
90

(2001: 43) ,

.
,
,

, ,
( -)
: ,
, ,

,
...

, [] , , []
, .

,
,
,

.
,

218

2
,

1992

. ,

,
,
,

.

, ,

,
, .

,
;
,

(.

Congressional Quarterly, August 8, 1992: 237 4).

,
,

, ,
,
,
, ,
.
, :

,

, , ,
,
.

219

.

,

.
,

, ,
, ,
... ,
. ,

,

, ,

. ,
, ? ,

, ?
.
.

(New York Times,

14,

1999: 12).
,
--

220

.
,

, ,

, : ,

, - .

. :

,


.

, - ,

,
,

91
,

91

- ,

, -, ,

: " 1968",
, - : "
, , ,
".
( 14: Al).

221

,
.
,
,

, .
,

.
, ,
.
,

-
, ,
.

: ,

,

: - ,

,
:

, ,
.

(Rohde, 1999:1).

222

, -


,

, ,
, ,

. ,

,
.

- "!"
. ,
, ;

.
.

(Wines, 1999:1).

,

.

223

, .
,

.
,

, ,
,

(. :

Perlez, 2001: 6).

, ,
,

,
, ,

,
,

.
,

, -
.
,
.... -
:

, ,

, ,

(Erlanger, 2001: 8).

224

.
.

symbol of evil),

(master

92

( universal human rights ).

93

( the universal rights of man ),

.
,


.
,

,

92

n ,

, .

Zelizer

(1998: 210-30).
93

n
n ,

n (., homme
(.), man (.)). human rights
.

. .

225
15

, ,

.
, ,
,

,
,

?-
, ,
,

. ,

,
n n ,

(Minow, 1998: 1).

1945

, ,

226

(Drinan, 1987: 334).

- , ,

,

,

(October 9, 1945: 20).

95,

(. :

Drinan, 1987: 334)94

,
,

95

1950

.
,

.
,

94

11

1946 .

95

,
, ,
, , ,
,
(Ignatieff,

1999: 58).
227
15"

,
, , -

(. :

Drinan,

1987: 334).
,

, ,

,

,

(Drinan, 1987: 334).

,
, ,

,

,

, ,
:? -

228

? ?

(lgnatieff, 1999: 62) 96

-
.

,
,

.
96

[]
,

.
, ,

;
,

;
, ,

....
,

;

;

, ,

. ,
,
.

, ,
,
, ,

(Minow, 1998:27, 47-8).

229

,

,

,
,
.

.

,
,

,
,

,
,

,
, .
,

230

. ,
,
,

,
,
,

(Novick, 1994: 159).

, ""

,
,

(Rosenfeld, 1995: 35).

, ,
,

(. :

Rosenfeld, 1995: 35)97

,
, ,
,

,

.
, ,

, ,
,

. ,
,

97

. . n

41.

231

,

.

.
, .

98
,
,
.

, ,

98 ,

,
,
,
, ,
, ,
:
, ,
,
.

.
, ,
, .

, , .
,

(Finkelstein, 2000: 48).

, ,
,
- , , -
. ,
,

(Finkelstein, 2000: 148).

232

, ,

, .
,
,
,

, "",
,
-.
,

? :

, , ,

,
,

.
,
,
,

, , ,
,

. , "
" ,

,
, ,

, [ ]
, [ -

233

(Clendinnen, 1999: 14. .- . .).

,
,
,

(memorialization).

.
,
,

. ,
.
,
,

,
.

,
,

234

, , ,

,
,

, 99

,
, -

,

,
,

, 99 , ,

, , ,
(Weber,
1958 [1904]: 182). ,

,
, :
, -
,

( ..
. - .. .).
- ,
- ; : Ian Buruma,
The Wages of Guilt (1994) : Peter Novick, The Holocaust in

American Life (1999).

235

,
.

, ,

.
-

,
,

.
,

,
. ,
,

- ,

("comedization")-

.
.. :

, 100 100

. Alexander, 'Les Regles secretes: L'argument

souterrain de Durkheim pour la subjectification de la sociologie'
(1996).

236

.

.

,

.

,
:

. .

(Cohen, 1999: 3).

,
,

101

(Baer,

101 ,

237

CIIIA,

...

(Baer,

).

1979

,
.

,
,
,

(. :

Linenthal, 1995:

37). , ,

(. :

212) 102

Linenthal, 1995:

,

.
,

102

,
, ,
,

23 1989 .
238

, ,

, , ,

[]

, ,

,
,

. ,
,

, ,

,

,
(. :

Linenthal, 1995: 169).

,

.... , ,

, ,
,

...
,
, (. :

Linenthal, 1995: 174) 103

103

,
.

239

,
.

/
,
.

- :

1933-39&,

- :

1945&.

1940-44&,

, ,
- ,
,

.
, ,
, ,

(Linenthal, 1995: 169).

. ,

, ,
&

(Linenthal, 1995:

181) 1 4

,
, ....

, ,

.... ,
,
,

, .... ...
, ,
104

n ,
n,

1 1989 .

240

(174) 105 ,

~ - ,

. ,
,

~ ,

(Linenthal, 1995: 192).

,

.

,
, ?

,

: " , " .

...

;

105 .

241
16

...
(198).

,
,

,
,
.

106
,
,

, ,

.

: ::

, ,
, 106

, - ,
,

:
-,
,
, ,
. , ,

.
, - ,
,

: ". . " (July 30, 2000: El.

). -
,
, ,
.

242

, ,

,
, .

.
,

, .

1945

, .

,
, ,

. ,
,
,

,
,

, -
, . --
-

243
16'

, .
,
,

1993: 320-32).

(Young,

-,

1985

,
,

>),
,

.

,

,
.

-
.

. ,
. , ,
, , ,

.
-

, -

244

. ,

(321).

, .

, ,
, ,

,
.

,

, .
,

, ,
.
,

245

. ,

1981 . ,

1994

.
,

,
,

, , .
,

. , ,
,
,

.
,

, ,

2000: xiv).

(Langer,

,
, ,

246

.
.
,

. ,

'fiTO
. ,
,

, ,

" "

(Greene & Kumar,

2000: xxv-xxvi).
,

,
, ,

(Langer, 2000: xv).

,
.

,

. ,

247

2
- ,

, , , , .

, , -

(Greene & Kumar, 2000: xxiv).

,
. ,

,
,

1996: 153),

(Hartman,

,
. ,
, ,

-,
:

, "
"

...

[ ]

(153-4).

, , -

248

, ,

, ,
,

, ,
, ,

(Hartman,
1996: 154).
,
, -

[]

,
:

, ,
,

, ,

(Berenbaum, 1998: ix).

weltgeschichte -

,

,

.
, ,

249

r .

. ,

, -

r
.
, ,

, ,

,
r
.

,
r

.
,
-

? , ,
, , ,
, -

250

,
,
,

. ,

,

3,

. ,
,
,

.
,

,
,

.
, -

251

,
, ,
.

,

, ,

, ,

, ,
. ,
,
: ,

, -

.
, -
,

.
,
,

,
,
,

: ,

252

2


.

.
...

, , ,

,
.
. ,

,
,

(Hartman, 2000: 16).

- (storytelling animals).
.
.

.
, ,
,

.
, -

,
,

253

254

,
,

- ,

, ,

, ,

.
1

. 1998-1999

-

,
, ,
, .

.
,

. -
(Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity

(Alexander, Eyerman, Giesen, Smelser, and Sztompka: Berkeley:

University of California Press, )). . Eyerman,
2001.

255

, ,

,
.

, ,

.
?

, ,
~.
(
) ,


. ,

. ,
,
,

.

.

,

.
,

, , -

256

- ,

2. ,
, 6 ,
, ,

. ,

, ,

. ,
,

,
, -

.
,
. ,
2

-


-
, ,
.
n .
,
, -
. , ,

, ,

(in postfoundational sense),

, n,

- .
, n
, ,

6, .
257

17

, ,

,
,

; .

,
,

, .
,
, ,

. , ,

theory"),

("lay trauma

,
,

.
, ,

. ,
, -

258

, , .
,
, ,
,
,

3.

, -

.
, ,

'l'; ;

.
3

, ,
,

.
,

, ,

. ,
.
.
,

,
.
,

, .

, ,
,

.

259
17.

3
- , , ,

. ,

, ,
,
,

;
;

;
,
.

, .

.
,
,
.

,
:

(National Trauma and Collective Memory).

, ,

,
.
, ,

(Neal, 1998: ix).

- ,
, , -

260

(< ,

(< (< ...

(Neal, 1998:
3, 9-10.).

(<

(9-10).

(<

, (<

(<

(4, 9-10).

, ,

: (< ,
, ,

(<

(18).

, ,

(< ,

[]

(5).

,
,

, ,
,

, .
,

,
, -

261

(Everything in Its Path).

,
,

,

. ,

, ,
,

,
.
.,
.

...

,
, ,

.
,
, ,

"".
,
, .
, .

"" .

...

""

262

(Erikson, 1976: 153-4. .- . .).

(Alexander et al"

),
,
,

,
,
.

,


,

1974).

(Elder,

(.

2 )

.
.

, .

263

,
,
,

,
.

, ,
- , .

.
,
.

,
.

, ,
.

264

,
,

4
,
,
,

, -

.
,

,
. ,

("working through")

(Friedlander, 1978,

1992).

,
,

,
,
4

n
n n
(Presenting the Past: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of
Misremembering (Prager, 1998)); n
n, , n
.
n nn , n,
n n
n,
,

n,
.

265

.
,

. ,

, ,
,

.

, ,

, ,

: , (Unclaimed
Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History)
:

5

(Trauma: Explorations in Memory)

,
,

, . :
Rememer(l9B9).

266

Paul Connerton, How Societies

(Caruth, 1995, 1996)6

,
,
,

. ,

,
.

(Caruth, 1995: 2).

n .
.

...

,
.

,
,

(repetitive actions)

. ,

, , 6

., ,

"Traumatic Awakenings: Freud, Lacan, and the Ethics of Memory"

(Caruth, 1996: 91-112).
267

, -,

.
,
, ,
,

(3-4) 7

. ,

.
,

.

.
, , -

,
,

. 7

, , .

Dominick La Capra, Representing the Holocaust: History, Theory,

Trauma (1994).

268


,
, ,

,
,

.
,

:
("Layers of Memories: Twenty Years Mter
in Argentina")8

:
,

,
, ,
, ,

, " "

,
,

. , -

. .

269

5-7.

.
.

,
: < ,

...

, []
, ,

, , []

( ,

5-7).

OutJa

("naturalistic fallacy")

, .

. ,
, ,

(in and of themselves),

.
. ,
.

; ,
, -

270

, , ,

post hoc.

;

, ,
.

(an "imagined" traumatic event),

(Anderson, 1991).

(Imagined Communities)

, ,

.

.

, ,
, .
, ,
,

271

(primordial)

.
,

,
, .
,
,

, .
,

, ,

.
,

, .

,
,

,
,

, ,
,
.

,
,
.

. -

272

- .

,
,

, .

.

,

. ,

.
, .

,
, ,

273
18

. ,

, , ,
. ,

,
, .

. ,

.
,

, ,
.

.


.

,
.

274

.
,

.
,

,

.
,

.
,

. ,
.
,

.
~
, ,

.

,
.

:

~.
;

(Alexander,
1987; Alexander, Giesen, Munch, & Smelser, 1987;
Sztompka, 1991, 1993). ,
, 275
18"

- ,
, .

(claims)

,
,
.

(Thompson,

1997)9

, -
,

,
.

(Weber, 1968; 468-517) 10 ,

.
, ;

,

- 9

,
. . Thompson (1997).

10

.. (1982) ,
, (Intellectuals and

the Nation (1998)).

, ,

(Social Movements: Cognitive Approach (1991)).

(197 4) ,

("estate"), .

276

, >)

,
.

(Austin, 1962; Habermas,

1984; Lara, 1998; Searle, 1969) 11 ,

, :
11

, . .

( to Do Things with Words (1962)).
,
(symbolic understanding),
,
("illocutionary force"),
_

(Speech Acts (1969)).

, ,

Communicative Action (1984)).

(Theory of

. Maria Pia Lara, Feminist N arratives in
the i Sphere (1998).

277

: ,
,

-
.

,
,

, ,

. ,

,
.
,

("society at large").

:

,

("spiral of signification")

(Thompson, 1997: 20-4) 12

12

("representational

r").

278

,
,

.
,

-
,

(master narrative)

.
,

("value-added")

(Smelser, 1963).

. -
,

?
, ,
, , ,

, .

279

? ,
?
,

,
,

~ ? 13

, ,
?
,
?

? ,

-,

? ,
, ,
. , , ,

(Eyerman, 2001).

, ~

>, (. :

Maillot,

)?

13

n
n , n
n , , . J. William

Gibson (1994).

280

1938

(hng,

1997:206)?

.
?

, ?

, ,

? ,
,

? ,
,

(
) ?

281

?
.
.
, ,

.
,
,

-,
.

,
.

, - ,

,
.

282

,
,

1965 ,

, ,
,

, ,

. , , ?
?
.

?

,
?

,
,

-?

283

. ()
,

14.
,

(transparent speech situation)

(Habermas, 1984). 15

,
.
:

.
,
. 14

, ,
.
" "
.
, , ,
,
"".
(
- . .)
. " ,
, ,
", - -. .. .
,
,
... ,

, , ,
. ,
"" ,
, .

15 ,

,
,
.

284

( )
.

1.

,
.

,
:

?-.
,

, ,
, .

2.

",
,

,

.

-.,

("survivor
literature")(Hayes, 1999, 2 ).

,

, -

...

285

. "
, , .,

10:26",

.
,
,

, .

, ;
.

.

. []

(Manz, 2002).

,

,

, ,
,
-.

, -,

1999

. -

286

, [
]

,
. [

, ] "
.... ,
, , -

. ,
, ,

. ,

"

(Paul Watson, "War's Over

in Yugoslavia, but Office Battles Have Begun,"
LosAngeles Times, January 3, 2001, 1-6).
3.
1,

1945

(inding

definitions)

, , ,

287

.
, ,

,
,

. ,

731,

, ,
,

,
, -

288

.... ,
,
. , ,

.... ,
,

, ,

. ,
,
,

,
,

(Howard W. French, "Japanese

Veteran Testifies in War Atrocity Lawsuit," New
York Times, December 21, 2000: 3).
4. ,

,
,

, .

.

.

?
?
?

289
19

, ,

Historikerstreit,

.
,

(mainstream)

Executioners)

(Hitler's Willing

5.

unopalfUU,

, ,

. ,
, -

290

.
,
,
,

, ,
,

.
, .
, -

,
,

,
.

6.
.. :,

.

,

,
,

, -

291

,
, ,

(Smelser, 1963)16

,
,
,
,

1983

, , ,

1981

, [ , ]

(Manz, 2002: 294).

,

, ,
16

,
, ,
,
, .

292

1994

(),

.
,
...

(. :

Manz, 2002: 293).

, .

,

:

, ,

(Manz, 2002: 294).

, ,
,

,
.

293

,

.

, ,

, ,

.
,

,
,

,
,

.
,

294

,
,

. ,
,

,
, ,

(Howard W. French, "Japanese Veteran

Testifies in War Atroci ty Lawsui t," N ew ork Times,
December 21, 2000: ).
..
,

1.

2.

3.

295

4.

5.

, ,

.
,

.

, .

,
,

.
.

,

, ,

1997).
296

(Thompson,

2000

.
-

,

,
.

,
,

. , ,

,

,
:

,
. []

,

,
,

York Times, December 22, 2000: 5).

297

(N ew

,
, ,

. ,

, ,

.
,
,

,
.

,
.

,
.
,

.
,

(effervescence) ,

, ,

17
17

,
,

298

1979

. ,

,
,

,
,
. ,

. (2001) ,

. ,
,
, ,
,

,

.

:
, "
"

- ...

:
, ?
,
,

, . ,
.
,

(December 16, 2000: New York Times,

Section page 18 !. 4).

299

DK [

] ,
, ,

,
,

...

,
,

,
.

PRK

[ ]

" ",

.

, "

"
" ,
...

".

(Eihara

& Ledgerwood in Hinton, 2002: 282-3).

,
,
,

,
.
,
,
. -

300


,
,

,
,

.

,

,

.

18
18

,
,

. ,

, ,
,

. ,

, -

, :

-
;>
, ,
.

301

. ,
,

. ,

.
.
,
, .
- -

,
,

.
,
.
, ,

.
,
,

, , ,
,
... ... ...
,
,
.... "

, , , ,
, " (July 29,

2001: 5).
302

:


,

-,

, ,
, ,

. ,


;

. , ,
,

.
, ,
, ,

303

,
,

(Hinton, 2002: 27).

...

,
-
:

(Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of

Genocide), ,

2002).

(Hinton,

, - ,

, ..,

...

(Hinton, 2002: 25). ,

, , ... ()
. ,

; ,

,
,

....

.... ,

-,

(26.

...

.- . .).

304

, ,

-
.

(Kuper, 1981) 19 ,

- :

,


,

.
,

(Kleinman, Das, & Lock, 1997).

(cultural

trauma theory)

, : ,
19

, ,
.

305
20

Kuper (1981)-

,

,

, .;;

,

? ,
,

, ,

1938

,
.

, ,
.
,

,
.
, ,

306

.
,

. ,

,

(Chang, 1997: 5-6),

.
,

.
,

.
,

. ,
, ,
,

1999)20

(Boltanski,

--

20
-

307
20'

, ,

,
,
.
,

. - ,
,

, .
.

.

.

, .


,
,
, .

308

- (
) ,

,
,

, ,

309

, .
,

,
.

, ,
-

,
.
,

. ,

,

1
1

,
, , ,
,
,
.... n (valuepattern), ,
n n

(Parsons, 1968: 136).

n . ,

n n: n

nn ,

. n
; "" ""
(Williams, 1971: 123-59, . 128).
,
-
- , -

310

(badness)

! ,

,
.

,
.

,
,

,
.

.
,

311

3

,

(Bildung)

6 ,
,

,
.

.
:

"Le Pensee
Bourgeoise," in Culture and Practical Reason (1976: 166-204).

. :
,

Caillois (1959 [1939]),

,
.

---

(1971 [1957])
(1969 [1928]).
. Roin Wagner-Pacifici, The Moro Morality

Play: Terrorism as Social Drama (1986).

5

: Victor Turner, The Ritual

Process (Chicago: Aldine, 1969).

6

-
, -
( ) (1964 [1922]); .

1.

312

. <<
,

.
,

.
. , , -

. ,

...

,
.
, - .

. ,
i

....

, ,

? 7

(Bataille, 1990 [1957]: 14)8

,
.
, .

.

.. .. .

Bataille (1990 [1957], 142-5).

313

, ,
,

9
,

philosophy)

(moral

,
.

(goodness).

.
,
,
, .

,
,
9

,
n " ",
, ,
... , n,
n , n
( .. , ..
, .. , .. , .. . - ..
.) (Arendt, 1951: 459).
:
n, n, n,
,
,
n, 6 ,
, (Bernstein, "Radical Evil: Kant at War
with Himself," 2001: 56). n
, : .

Rethinking Evil (2001) (-
) : Susan Neiman, Evil in Modern Thought: AnAlternative

History of Philosophy (2002).

314

:
,

, .

- 10

, .

, / /.

: :: : :: :
,

, .

.
.

, ,

, ,

, :

, ,
,

10

>

. . .

315

(Aristotle,

1962: 7. 1. 13) 11

.
, ,
; ,

,

; ,
, -

. ,
,

,
; ,

, .
.

.
, -

. 12
11

. . The

Foundations of Modern Political Thought (1978).

12

- ,
, ,

(Democracy and Education (1966 [1916])).

,
(agency)
(selfhood),
- - (goodness) n
n,
, .

316

,
,

. ,

, ,

(communal values)

,
,

("the other") 13

n ,

,
, n
, n n
.

,
, - , .

n
n ,
[] n , n

, ,
, n

n. n n
n
. ,
, , n
,
, n
, n . n

[] , ,
,
(Cushman, 1998: ).
13

, ,
- .

(Hablts of the

eart) .

n ,

n ,

n .... , ,

317

, ,

.
.

, -,

. ,

.
,
. ,
,

.. .

.. .

,
.... , [
]

, -
,

22-4).

(Bellah, Madsen, Sullivan, Swidler, & Tipton, 1985:

. ,
,

, , - ( 1990: 511 ), - , ,
-
.

/
,
(Spheres of Justice (1984)),
,
, ,
. (Postmodern
Ethics)
,

, .
, ,
,
, "
", ,
,
,
" " (1993: 42-3).

318

4
,

("transvalue")

. ,
,

14
,

(parochial) (
)

,
,

15 ,

16

"

, ,
, ,
, .
, , .
, -

, , .
- ,

( ..
.. .- . .) (1990:144).
15

. Alexander (2000: 271-310).

16

,
...
(. : Bernstein, 2001: 84).
,
sui generis,

:
, ,
.... ,
,
, [ ]
, .

319

4

,

--

-,

, ;

.
,

,
.

.

,

. ,

-
,

, ....

.
,

,
, (Bernstein,

2001: 84).
,
,
, , ,
.

320

,
,
,

, ,

.
,

, .

,
,

(systems-rationality)

(culture-creating)

17

, ,
,
17

., ,

Habermas ("Labor and Interaction: Remarks on Hegel's Jena

Philosophy of Mind" in Theory and Practice (1973: 142-69)).

.
(1984). ,
,

,
.
, ,


.

321
21

4
,

(1995)

18
,
--

. ,
,

,
19

,
, ,

,
,

, , ()
(
). ,

-,
,
. , 18

.
19

. :

Alexander and Lara (1996).

Richard Hecht, .

322

(,

1992),

(iconographic)

deus machina,

.

,

.
(
) ,
.

20 , , ,
20

,
.
- - ,

. ,

, .
,

. , ,
,

(
).
, , ,
.

323
21"

4
,

(specific)

(general)

. ,

(1978),

(1985)

,
.

, ,

,
,

,
,

.
,

. ,

, ,

.
,

324

, 21


, ,

.
,

.
,

.
, ,

, 22
21

, ,
,
,
- ,
,
-,
.
,
, . Alexander
(2001).

22

Niklas Luhmann, "Durkheim on Morality and the Division of

in The Differentiation of Society (1982: 9-10).
...
. . ..
Laor"

, , , ,

. ...
,

.
,
(Luhmann, 1982: 9-10).

325

~~

~
~, ,

? , , ,

.
, ,

~
~:
, .

; , ,

,
.

. ,

,
.

, ,

.
(,

1972 [194 7])

.
;

326

.

,

, .

---

- ,

(1989).

, ,

. ,

,
.
,
,

,

,

-,

.
,

327

, ,

. ,

(1996),

- 23
,

, . ,

,-

,
,

, ,

.
23

, ,

. George L. Mosse, The Crisis of German Ideology: Intellectual

Origins of the Third Reich (1964),
.

328

, ,

. ,
- ,

24

. ,
,
;

, 25

,

. ,

, ,
,

26 2

,

, , ,

.
,
,

, .

.

25

, ,
, ,

, ,
, . ,
, , ,
, , ,.

(2001: 189).
26

, ,

. Jacobs (2000), Smith (1996, 1991), Alexander (1987). -

329

, .

.
- ,

.
,

, .

,
, ,
,
.
,

, , ,

, ,

(primary communities).

,
,
, , ,

, ,
.

Thompson, Moral Panics (1997).

330

Kenneth

. ,
,

("inary

representations").

.
:
,

, ,

discursive terms).

(in

, ,

,
,
,

, .
, ,

331

(1933)

.
,

,
,

.
.
,

27
,
.
<.
,

;

27

, -

, .
,

- , -
, , ,
.

332

,
.

.
,

28 ,
,

, . ,

,
,

29

,

, .
,

.

28

, , : Franz Steiner, (1956).

(Stigma (1963))

.
28

. Stanley Cohen, Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation

of the Mods and Rockers (1972) , , Thompson
(1997).
("boundary danger") . Kai Erikson, Wayward Puritans: Study
in the Sociology of Deviance (1966).

333

4
, ,

.
,

,
, ,

30
,

("revivifications")

.
(

) ,
- ,
: ,

, >, 30

.
.

334

. : ,
, ,

,
.
,

,
,
,
.
,

.
,

< , ,

,

.
,

335

. ,

,
, (

) .

(1990: 29, 21),

; ,

31

,

(transgression)

("limit experience")32

...

....
:
,

.
,

.... 31

.. .. .

32

, ,

,
: The Passion of Michel Foucault (1993: 29, 398

n. 49).

,
,

,
. ,
-
, .
, ,
,

.

336

(Bataille, 1986 [1957]: 68).

. ,
,

,
.
,

, ,

, .
-

.

33

. Michael Richardson, Georges Bataille

(1994) Carolyn Bailey Gill, ed., Bataille: Writing the Sacred
(1995).
- ,

.
n
(. Bataille, 1990 [1957]: 208 n. 48), ,
, ,

,
,

, College de
( (.). - ... .),

Sociologie

,
, ,
,
. . Michele Richman,

"The Sacred Group: Durkheimian Perspective on the

Sociologie" in Gill (1995: 58-76).
337
22

:g

de

4
,
,

("badass syndrome"),

--
.
(< ,

(< 34
,
,
,

, ,

.
,

,
, 34

.
, ,

,
,

, ,

.
,

.
,


(Katz,
Seductions of Crime: oral and Sensual Attractions of Doing Evil

[1988: 81]).
. :

(1982).

Richard Stivers, Evil in Modern Myth and Ritual

338

4
IU

. ,
, , ,

,
.

. ,
;

.
,

.


,

.
;


;

, ,

. ,

,

. ,

philosophe

maudit 35

,
86 (.)- .. .

339
22'

. ,
,
.
[ ]
, ,

(Bataille, 1986 [1957]: 67).

,
,

,
,

,
,
,

36

. ,
,

.
36

("Human Rights Language in Amnesty International"
4, 24-5.
, , ,

(n.d.)),

340

,
,
.

,
,
, ,

,

,

.
,

,
,
.

341



( )
,

,

-

.
,

.
,

, ,
.

,
.
: ,
,

(discourse of repression).

(civility)
Elias, 1978; Freud, 1961 [1930],
Shils, 1975; Walzer, 1970),
(., ,

, -

342

5

,

(,

Keane,

Cohen & Arato, 1992;

1988, ).

- , ,

.
,
.

,
. ,
, ,

1

;
,

, -
, -

. Alexander (1992). ,

,
(, 1989: 36-50).
,

.
, ,
(overdetermination) .
m
. ,
,
,
. ,
,
,

, .

343

. Brgerliche

Gesellschaft, societe

,
,

(,

Brubaker, 1992).

,
.
. -,

,
;
(

) ,

. -, ,

. -

, .

, ,
;

344

(repressive)

, ,

.

,

, ,

, 2
,
, ,

.
,

. 2

, -
,
,

-
-
.
,

,
,

. ,

, ,

, .

345

, , ,

,
, .

,
,
,

. ,

,

,
, ,
,

.
, ,

(factions),

346

5.1

5.2

,
,

. , ,
n, n
n

. ,
, ,
nn

n n.
,

. n,

.


. ,

,
.

347

5
5.3

t~.

~ l'fmiz4e.iuJtqn"'!Jec"u.A

:. . {

.. ;;~

....

,
, ,

. ,
,

3
,

, -

(1967)

,
,

.
. -,

(cultural bricolage) (. Uvi-Strauss,

1967).

,

, . -,


,

. ,

,
.

348

.
:
,

.
, ,

1975)

(Shils,

.
,
, ,

,
,
,
.

(
)

. ,
, ,
,

.
,

349

. ,

, ,
,
,

("accountale")
.

, ,

,- , ,
, ,

.

,

,
,

.

,

.
,

350

(1985)

(1981),

.
, , ,

. ,

.
,

(1944).

(1955)

. ,

. (

Bailyn, 1967; Bercovitch, 1978; Pocock,

1975)

, ,

,
,

.
, , -

351

. , , ,

.

, ,
, .
,

. , ,

,
,

(reunderstanding).

,
, .
, ,

.
,

, ,

352

, ,
j,

,

j, .

(1956)

j. ,
,
j

, j
. -
,

(Turner, 1974).

(subsets)
j ,

,
,

353
23

. ,

,
,

. ,
,

, ,

,
, ,

- .
, ,

,
,

354

( )
,
, ,

,
,

, .
,

-
;
.
,
,

,
.

(subset)

. , ,
,

, ,
,

.
,

, -

355
z

31

1872

. .
,

,
.
,

,
,

, .
,
. ,

, .

, .... -,

, ....

4

(

),
.
,
.

.
4

Congressional Globe, 42"d Congress, 2nd session, 1872, 4110.

356

[sic]

, ,

,
-

.... -
,

. ,

5
,

r
,

.
,

,
.

[]
,

, ,

6
,

r ,

, ,

, 7
5
6
7

Iid., 4120.
Ibld., 4111.
Iid., 4111.

357

, , ,
,
-
.
,
,

,
,

. ,
,

, ,

8
,

. ,
,

. ,

,

, ,

Iid.,

4111.

358

(< , ...
, ,

, 9

, ,

.... ,

10
-
,

, ,
.

,

,
, ,

. ,
, ...

11
,

, ,

. , 9

CongressionalGlobe, 42"dCongress, 2"dsession, 1872, ,

10

18:522.
Ibld., 523.
Ibld., 524.

11

359

.
?

,
,

12

? 13
,

, ,

.
. .

.
;

14
,

.

.

,
,

.

12
13
14

Iid., 523.
Ibld., 527.
Iid., 530.

360

,
,
.

. ,
,

.
,

. , -

1868

, .

. ,
. ....

361

,
. .
-

-
, .

,
.

, -

.... ,
,
- ,
....
,

(New York Daily Tribune,

February 24, 1868).

, , ,

.
,

, -

362

. ,

. ,

.
, ,

, .
~ []
[ ],

,
, ,

15
,
.
,

.
~

.

...

. ... ,

, , ...
16 - , Congresional

Globe, 40' Congress, 2nd session,

1868, , 18: 227.

363

, , ,

16
,

.
,

,
.

,
,

,
. ,

, ,

.
,

,

,

Realpolitik,
16

, -

- , ibld., 276. , Congressional Globe, 40th Con

gress, 2"d session, 18: 1367. 1868.

364

- :

,
.
,
...

,
(,

February 14, 1868).

,
,

(,

February 24, 1868).

.
,

, .

, - :

,
. -
(,

February 24, 1868).

365

17 ,

,
,
.
,
:

. -

,
, ,

[
]. ,
,

,
, (

February 25, 1868).

.
,

,
17

Garfinkel, Studies in Ethnomethodology (1967).

366

,
.

, ,

.
,

18
, -,

; ,

19
,

, ,

,
.

,
,

...
,
.... 18 - ,

Congressional Globe,

18: 268.
- , iid., 211.
,

10

367

40' Congress,

2d session, 1868,

> 20

, -

(Bank War)

1836 .
1816

.
, .
,

, , ,
,

.
20

- ,

ibld., 269.

368

,
, .
,
....
,

, , ,

21
? -
.

; ,
,
;

22
,

.

,
,

- ;
,
,

21

- ,
., n. d.

gress, vol_ 8 [12]: n.

22

- , iid.,

1946.
369

24

Register of Debates in Con-

23

,
,

, ,

.
,

,
.

...

,
,

, 24

,
;

, ,
, ,

.
,
,
,
23

24

, : Registerof Debates in Congress, vol. 8 [3], : 148. n. d.

- , Registeof Debates in Congess, vol. 8 [2]: 1945.

370

. ,

,
:

, .

.
.
,

, ,

25

. ,
-

,
, ,
.

[sic],

25

, , :
: 75, n. d.

Debates in Congress, vol. 8 [3],

371
24'

Register of
79, n. d.

...

26

,
, ,

. ,

, ,

, , .

. ,

27

,
, ,
.

:

26

- ,

Register of Debates in Congress, vol. 8 [2]: 1885-

86. n.d.
27

- ,

ibld., 1945. n. d.

372

...

>> 28

, ,

.

.

,
,

, ,

29
...
,

30

,

; -
,

. ,
28

- , iid.,

29

- , iid.,

30

1882. n. d.
1887. n. d.

, :

in Congress, vol. 8 [3]: 2120. n. d.

373

Register { Debates

, ,

. , ,

, ,

, , ~ 31

,

.

;
, ,

. ,

,

~ 32
,

31

32

, ,

23d Congress, 1"' session, vol. I: 54. n. d.

, iid., 54.

374

Congressional Globe,

. , -, ,

.
,
,

.
-

,

.
-

, -

.
- ;
.

, ,
.

-

.

1924

,
,
-
-

. , ,

. . :
-,

- .
,

375

,
. ,
,

.
,

,
. ,

,

, ,
,

, ,

33 ,

>>, , ()
.
, ,
-,

, , 33

- ,

Congressional Record, 1924, vol. 65 [2]: 1676.

376

.
,

,
.

-
.

,
,

, ? 34

. :
,

,
-.

35 ,

.

,
,
,
,
,

. ,
,

, ,
-

1311.
ibld., 1682.

34

- , iid.,

35

- ,

377

.... ,

36

-
. ,

,
. ,

,

.
, .
,
,

,
.

, 37
,

, .
,
, ,

, , 36

- , iid.,

37

1678.

12 1924
Washington Post, February 13, 1924.
378

.
,

.
, ,

38
, ,

.
,

. ,

, .

,
,

....

.
,
, -,

, ,

W ashington

Post, March 3, 1924: 1).

- ,
, ,
.

38

- :

Congressional Record, vol. 65 [2]: 1312.

379

,
.

Washington Post, March 3, 1924: 2).

,

, , r

,
.
, ,

)
,

.
, ,
.

,
,

r .

,
r
.

,
, ,

- ,
r ....

-
, ,
,

380

>> (

Washington Post, March

3, 1924: 2).

,

-, , ,

-
-,

, .
,

Crisis) 1832

(Nullification

,
.

381

,
,

,
1' .

-;

, ,

,
,

, ,

, ,

, ,
,

, ,

,
, -

382

>> 39

,

-, ,
,

,
.

,
,

, -
- ,

40

,

.

41

, , ,
, ,
39

: Register of Debates in Congress, 1832, vol. 9 [2], 162.

40

, iid., 163.

41

>, iid.,

383

195.

,
,

. , ,
,
.
,
,

,
.

,

,
.... ,

,
, ,
....

42
:
,

,
, , 42

n
n~, iid.,

384

14 7, 151, 149-50.

.
,

.


,
,

,
,

,

.
,
, ,

,
. ,

. , ,

. ,

. ,
,

. ,
, ,

385
25

, ,

. , , ,
,

,
.

,
.

. ,

,
-. ,

,
,
,
, .

,
,
.

386

. ,

, ,
,
,

,
.

,

1974

, ,

,
, ,

,
(

,
,

), ,
,

.
,

387
25'

,
,

, ~ 43

, 44

,
. ,

-
,
,
.

,
, -, ,

, 45
,
,

.
, 43

. ., . ,
, : Congressional

Record, 1974, vol. 120 [22]: 29-293.

44

- ,

45

- , iid.,

ibld., 29302.
29295.

388

.
,
,

. ,

.
, .
, ,

[
], ,

....

,
,

46
,

, ,

, "
". .

, 47
46

Iid.,

47

- , :

292-5.

Debate Articles of I mpeachment (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974): 124.
389

, ,
,

,
,

,
.

.
,

48
,
, ,

.
, ,

.
,

,
.

. ..

,
,

. ,

(,

July 31, 1974).

- ,

ibld., 44.

390

1974

. ,
,

,
;
,

,
.

( ,

New York Times, August 1,

1974).

. ,
,
(

New York Times, July 31, 1974).

49 ,

, ,

,
49

,
. (Plumbers),

391

50
,

, ,
,

,
;
, ,

.
,
,
. ,

.

,

( ,

New

York Times,August l, 1974).

,
, ,

,
,
,
, ,
, , 50

- , :

Debate onArticles of Impeachment (1974): 340.

392

51
,
,

,
, .

.
,

.
,

,
. ,
, , ,

.
,

52
,

?
51

- ,

52

- ,

ibld., 43-44.
ibld., 116.
393

, ,

- ?

, . 5 3

.
,

.
:

,
.
,
,

,
54

, ,

. ,
.

,
( ,

New York Times, July 31, 1974).

, ,

....
.
, 53

- , iid.,

54

- , iid.,

19.
43.
394

, .

55
.

,
,
,

. ,
,
, ,

, .

; ,

[] ,

( ,

New York Times, July 31,

1974).
,

,
" " ...

,

.... , ,

,
(

New York Times, July 29, 1974).

,
,
55 - ,

ibld., 115.
395

.
- -

...

56 ,
,
( ,

New York

Times, July 2, 1974).

: -

.
-,

,

.

1986 ,

.
, ,

,
56

396

,
,. .

, ,

, ,

,
.

,
,

.
, ,
,
.

,.,

, .

, , -,

.
,
.

, , ,
,. 57
57

, : Taking the Stand: The Testimony of

Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver . North (1987): 7 42. Daniel Schorr, ed.

397

, ,

58
, , ,
.

, [].
, ,

. ,

, , ,
,

59

,

;

, .

. ,

. [ ] ,
. ,
,

58 , : iid.,
59 Ir , : iid.,

743.
695.

398

. . ,
,

> 60
,

...

, ,


.

,
.

.
,

,
,

. ,

, 61

,

,
.
,
60

, : iid.,

61

, : iid.,

399

745.
741.

,
,

.
,
,
. -, , ,
,
,

,
.
-, ,

. , ,

,
.

, ,
,

,
.
,
,

, ,
,

.
[]

400

,
,
,
,

, .

, 62
: "
,
,
, ?" ,

, ,
,

63

,
.
,

"" 64
, , ,

, .
,

, , , ,
.

, ,
, ,
62

, :

6 , :
64

, :

ibld., 9.
ibld., 504.
ibld., 264.
401

26

. ,

65
,

. ,
, - ,
,
,

,
,
.

.
,

, -,
,

.
,
.
, , .

. ,

,

, ,

,
. ,
,
65 , :

ibld., 510.

402

....
, ,

, : "

, ", " ">>. 66

, ,

, ,

. , ,

, , -

;
,

,
.
,

. ,
,

"", ""

"". ,

,
.... []

67
66

, :

67

, : iid.,

ibld., 262-263.
266.
403

26.

>), ,

.
, ,
,

.
,

,
, .

, >)
.

,
,
.

, , .
,

. ,

- , >) 68

-.

,

, ,
68

ibld., 264.
404

. 69
,

70
:

,
,

,
.
,

,
.

,
, ,

, .

69

, :

70

1985 .

ibld., 266.
ibld., 267.

405

, .

,
,
, ,
,

,
.

. ,

, ,
(

(Grim Grom),

- ),
, , ,
. , , ,

,
.

, .
: " ".
,

(Los

Angeles Times, December 12, 1987: n.p.).

,
,

. <<
, .... []

406

(Los Angeles Times,

December 12, 1987: n.p.).

, .
,
,

. ,

. ,

,
.

,
.

,

,
.

, .

,
, , .
-

407

5
,

..

. .

71

72
,
,
. ,

,
, -

,
" ", ,

. ,
,
,

,
.
71

72

LosAngeles Times, February 12, 1987: n.

LosAngeles Times, December 19, 1987: n. .

408

" "
, .

...

, -,

73

1987 ,

. ,
, ,
,
.
,

, ,
.

,
-

73

LosAngeles Times, June 7, 1987: n.

409

,
,

, ,
,

,
,

, ? 74
, "
",

, "

", ,
,

75

.
.

, ,

, , ,

, .

,
,

74

75

Washington Post, December 14, 1987: n. .

Washington Post, December 14, 1987: n.
410

. ,

.
n, n
n

, ....

, n
,

, n ,
n

.
. .
- n

76
nn
, n n ,

. n
,

, n

.
, , ,
n.

, n

n .
n
, , ....

,
n

.
76

Washington Post, December 12, 1987: n.

411

, ,

77

,

78

, .

,
.

- . ,
.
,

,
.

-,

.


77

1988: n.
78

Los Angeles Times, June 3,

LosAngeles Times, December 18, 1988: n.

412

(channeling symbolical inputs),

,
.
,

. ,

, .
,

,
,
.
,

. , ,
,

,

.

. ,

413

,
, ,

, ,

. ,
;

,
~ , .
,

,

~

,
~

. ,

,
~

, ~

~, .

,
, ,

. , -

414

(
) -
. ,

,
, .

, ,

79 ,
,
,

.
,

(Laing, 1967).

.
:

79

. Jane Lewis, ed., Before the Vote Was Won: Arguments for
and against Women's Suffrage (1987); George Frederickson, The
Black Image in the White Mind (1971). . 2.

415

, ,

. ,
,
,

,
.

,
. , ,
, ,

,
.

, ,
,

416

1972

-
" ,

.
,

,
. ,

, ,

-
.

. .

,

,
,

, ,

. ,

417
27

"

.

,
,
,

<~ ;

, ,

,
. ,

- <~ ,

.
,

. <~

.

? ,
,

, ,

, <~
,
. , ,
,
. , ,

-, <~,
,

418

>

. << ,

, .
;
,

. ,
.

,
,
j,
,

(generalization).

(Smelser, 1959, 1963).

,

,

, ,

-
, ,
.

, . ,

, ,

, ,

.
:
, ,

, ,

419
27'

.
,

. .
, , , ,
, , ,

.
, ,
,

, -
, ,
, .

, ,
, , .
,

, .
,

1974 , .

, -

420

.
,

, ,

1
.
, ,
, .

" ,.,

, ,

2
.

,
,
,

, .
,

.
, ,
" .
1

1972-1974

.
2

,
,

, ( ,
. )
.- ...

421

?
-,

(Douglas, 1966)

- ,

-,

,
,

(Shils, 1975: 3-16)

.
-,

, .

-,

,
(,

Eisenstadt, 1971; Keller, 1963)

-,

,
, -

422

,
,
.

,
,

("transgressive")

,
,

.
.

.
- .

,
.

1972

. ,

423

, ,
.

.
,

. , ,
, ,
,

.
.

(,
),

(,

) .

, ,
,
.

1972 ,

,
,

3
3

m, .
, m

--

424

1972 1974 .

. ,
-
,

, .
,

,
,

,
, .

1972

, ,

, .
,
,- ,

, -
, ,

. ,

, , .

/
,

6.1.

425

, , ,

,~
.

6.1

1972

(money raisers)

(, /)

(, /

(,

-)

426

. ,

.
,

;
,

.
, ,
,

,
-

,
. ,

, .
,

427

( ),

, ,
. ,

, . -,
.

, ,
,

. , ,

.

,

1968 1976
.

428

.
,
, .

, ,

,

. ,
, ,

,
.

,
.

429

.

,

, ?
, ,

.

.
, ,

, ,

.
, ,
, , , ,
,

. -

430

, .

1973 ,

,
.
,
.

.
-,
,

1973

.


.
,
,

, -

431

,
,

;
.

.
,

. ,

,
.

. ,


. -

432

,
, .

,
,

(Turner, 1969),

. :..

..5, ,


,
,
, .

. ,

itself").

sui generis,

("unto

.
.

communi tas ,
,
.- ...

433
28

(deracination),

.
, ,
,

.

,

, , ,
.

:
, , -
<

, ,

( ,

,
) ,
. 6

,

, .

434

Dayan and Katz (1988).

.
,

, ,
.
,
.

; ,
, ,
.

.

,

. ,

.

, ,

, ,
,

,
.

435
28'

, ,
.

, 7
7

, ,
,
, . ?
(1958) ,

, , .
, ,
,

,
, , .
,

,
,
,

. ,
,
, ,

mise en scene (.- .. .),

- .
,
, ,

.
,
, .

. -, -


.
-
- .

. ,
, ,
,
, ,
,

, . ,
, ,

,
, , ,
, ,
.

436

.
. , ,

-
.
.

, .

.
, ,
, ,
,
, . ,

, "
-
- 1972 ,
,
,
;
- . ,
, 1973
.
,
, -,

.
, ,
,
.
,

.

437

.
.
,
.

. ,

. ,

,
. , .. ,
,

, ,

, ,

. ,

. ,

,
,

>> -

438

.
,
.

values).

(backlash

, ,

.
,
,

, -

439

, ,

.
,
.
, ,
,
,

(backlash culture).

, ,
,

.
;

. ,
,

, ,

440

. ,

, ,

,,

, -
.
,
, ,

.
,
,

, ,
,

, ,
,

,
.

, ,

.

, .
,

441

. ,

, .
,

,

. , ,
,

(detective myth) (Smith, 1970).

,
,

, .
.
,

, ,

,
,

.

.

. ,

,
. -

442

,

,

. ,
,

.
,

.

.

-,

: ,
- . -,

, :

. ,

(CRETP),

?>> ,

443

- ,

:
,
... ,

, , []
,
.

,
. ,


,

. ,
,

. ,
.

, ,

.
, , ,

.
,
.

444

.


, , ,

,

, ,

. , , -,

,

.
, ,
,

, .
, ,

> .
-

445

.

,

(.

6.2).
6.2

1973

(money
raisers)

, ,

446

(, ;

(n, /

r)

(n,

(, )

1972
1974

,
.

,

1973

.
,
.

, ,

,

,

.
, ,

,
.

447

. ,
.

(1)

(2)

, ,

,
, ,

, ;

(3)

,
.

.
,

. ? ,
,
, ,

.
, ,

1973
1973 -
-
,
.

, ,

448

8
,
,
,

1973

1974

,
,

,

,

. ,
,

,

,
,

, .

1973

, ,
, : Lang and Lang (1983: 88-93,
114-17). ,

, .

449
29

.
-,
,

.
, ,

.
,

. ,

1929

. ,
,

,
9

Watergate-

(r.)

450

- ,

, .
,

.
,

.
r

1974

, r
-

.
r
.
,

:
,

r.
r r ,

451
29'

, . ,

, ,

, ,

~ .
, ,

.
~
; , ~
,
,

. , ,

~ ,

452

.
,

.
,

,
,

, ,

.
, ,

,
. ,
:
,

,
,

,
- ,

.
,

453

, ,

,
,

,
. , ,
-

? ,
,
, .
,

,
,

.
,
,

,
.

, ,
, ,

454

.
,
.

,
,

.

,

.
,

.
,

, ,

.

,
,

. -
,
,
.

,
. -

455


, -

, .

>~,

.

,
, ,

. ,
,

, ,

,

, ,

. ,
,

.


.

.
,

.
, , ,

456

. , , ,
,
.

, , ,
.

, ,
,
, . ,

, ,
,

. ,

.
,
,

, ,

(backlash sentiments)

.
,

, -

457

j,

(. ,
,

2).

.
, -,

. .
,
,

,
,

1974

(specification),

,
,

(1959, 1963)
(Parsons & Bales, 1955: 35-132).

, ,

. ,

458

, ,

; ,

, ;
,

; ,

.
,

,

;
.

. , ,

,
,

459

(Weber, 1968: 246-55) 10

,
,

(nonvaluational),

(Alexander, 1982: 292-306).

,
,

(effervescence),

,
.

, ,
,

. ,

- - , -
,
10

(1975; . Eisenstadt, 1968)

, ,
.

.

,
(anxiety of influence),
,
,
.

460

, .

.

, ,

, ,
,

,
,

(.

Schudson, 1992).

"

" , .

1974

1976

Watergate morality").

""

("Post-

.
"" ,

461

,
.

,

,

.

, - ,

.
,
,

1983).

(Lipset & Schneider,

, ,

, ,

(.

1983).

Barber,

, .

462

, -.

, ,

. ,
,

. :
,
.

.

.

1973

1974

1.

, -
,

, ,
, , -

463

.
,

1976-1980

.
;

,
, ,

.
2.

.
,
,

. ,

.

,

464

3.

, ,

.

.

,
.
>

, .

.
,

,
.

465
30

6
,

, . ,
,
. ,
,

, .
, ,

, ,
. ,
,

.

, .

,
, , ,

, .

,
,
, ,

466

,
. ,
,

. ,

,
(

4), ,

,.

("liquid impure").

, .
,.,
-,
.

-,
,
. ,
,

.
, ,

. ,
,

.
,

,
. ,

467

(
),
,
.

,
, ,

.

,

.
.
,

,
,

. ,
,

.

,

>

468

. ,
,

.
,

.
,

.
,
:
. ,

. ,
,
,

. ,

,
, ,
,

. ,

469

1986-1987

1986

, .

, n ,

5).

470

.
,.,
, ,

,
.

, .

471

, ,

.
,

>.

,
,

.
,

.
,

,
.

.

,

,
.

,
, -

472

,
.

,
.

?
,

, , ?

,

. ,
,

, ,
,
.

, .
,

,
. ,

.
.

473

,
, ,

,
.

.
, , ,

.
,
,

, ,
, ,

. ,

. , ,
,

, -

474

, . 1
,
, ,

.
,

(Marx, 1962).

, .
,

.
,

,
,

. ,

(1986: 117-8),-

.
, 1

(1968: 58),

.

475

,
,
,

. ,

(1967)

;
,

- ,
,

(Science, Technology, and

Society in Seventeenth-Century England)

. ,
,

(1970: 144);

(146).

(1959)

.
-

476

.
,
,

.
.
,

behavior)-

(generalized

, ,

-
(mundane)
(Smelser, 1959: 21-50).

. ,

,

(1960: 135)

("usale

knowledge").

, ,
,
,

(135).

, ,

, ,

,
,

. -

477

(1973),

(American University)

. (, 1946)
,

,

, ,

.
,

...

,-

88),
,

(1971:

, [ ]

(93) 3

, ,

. .

. .

. .

478

(88. .) 4 ,

,
.

, , ,

,
.
,

,
. ,

(1963: xiii),

(xii) 5

(xvi),

, ,

. .

. .

479

, . ,

;
,

.
, ,

: ,
,

(1979: 24.

.- . .). , ,
,

.
, , ,

lt .

(1987)

480

(1976)

,
, (

. (

, (

(
. ,

(1976)

, ,

,
.
( ()
. ,
,

,
,

. , (

(Ellul, 1964: 19), ,

(5).
> (5)

(.

, (

481
31

, )
(,
)
. (1968:

57)

, ,

. ,

(1968:

81),-

, ,
,

[],

, ,

... ,
(1968:

96).

,
:

'

(105-6).

, ,

482

(98).

,
;
, [ ],

, ,
"

".
,

.
,

;
.

. ,

,
,

(Parsons, 1951)

.
-

483
31.

, ,
.
-

,
,

.

,

.
,

,

. ''

,
,

. ,

484

,
,
;

(constraints)

.
,
, .

, ,
,

, .

- ,

(1958)

, ,
. ,

(1964)

. ,

485

,

,

,
,

, ,

, .
,

,
, ,

, ,

(1958: 181-3), .

,

. ,
.

(Alexander,

2000).

(Alexander,

1986)

, -

486

, ;
,

.
,

. ,

,
,

. ,
,

(Morgan, 1958);

, 7

.

,
,

.
,

(Lewis, 1983),

,

.

487

,
. ,

,

8 ,

.
,

(1959 [1939]),

(routine).

,
,

,
8

. . . .

488

,
. ,

, .

. ,
, ,

(Pool, 1983)

. ,
,

, .

.
,
,

, .

489

.
,
- ,

,
. . , -
.

..

(Pynchon, 1984).

,

.

,
,

.
.,

.

(1981: 31),

,
.

., ,

1944

1975

, ,

490

,

,

1944

.
, ,

, ,
.
,

. ,

, ,

,
,
(8/44).
.

,

.

- ,
1944
1984 .

: (), (N), (BW),

(F), (SEP),
(PS), (RD), ..
(USN), () ().
,

, : , TS/63
, 1963 .
,

.
.

491

1944

-,
,
< ,

(PS10/44).

1965

, ,

.
,
,

, ,

(4/65).
, ,
, .

. ,

1949 ,

492

(Nll/49).

,
, ,
- ,

(PSl0/44).

,
,

(RD/60).


,

.
, ,

...

(4/65).
,

,
. ,

(Nl/66).

,
[]

:

(/68).

493

,
,

(/68).

,

.
,
,
,

(RD5/60).

(W/65). ,

, ,

.
.
,

1949

(N8/49).

, .

(N9/49)

. , []
,- >
,

494

[]

(4/65).
: ,

,
.

,
. ,

,
,

. , ,

(1/74)

,
.

,
,

, ,
. ,
,

,
. -

(1963), , ,

495

,
-.

,
.

(8/44,

(PSl0/44),

N8j49),

(PSl0/44),
(PSl0/44, SEP 2/50),
(PSl0/44),
(PSl0/44), (N8/49),
(N8/49),
(SEP 2/50), (SEP 2/50)
(SEP 2/50). 1949
(9/49) ,

,
, , ,

, ,
.

,
,

, ,

(N8/49).

(PSl0/44)

496

(SEP2/50)

(Nl0/49).

. ,
, ~

(9/49), , ~

(SEP2/50),

(T2j51)
(SEP2/50). ,
~ (N4j50),

~ ~ (4/65).
, . ~

(4/65), , ~
, - ~

.
,

10

,
,
,

.
,

. ,

~

.

.

,

.
10

,
,
, ,
, .

497
32

(9/49) ,

(PSl0/44).

(Tll/50).

:
,

, ,

(SEP2j50).

(N7 /54).

1960

(PSl/55).

(RD3j60).

.
, .
,

, .
, . <<

(RD3/60).

(RD3/60).

,
, -

498

(Mc5j65) 11

(RD5/71),

, ,
,

(BW7 /71).

, .

, -

(RD5/71).

, ,

(USN/67).
.

.
,

.
,

, - ,

.
,
.
11 ,

, -;

499
32"

. ,
,

.
,

, .
,
, ,

(9/49).

. ,

.
, .

(N8/68),

(RD/60).

(N9j69).

, ;
. ,

(Tll/50).

(RDl/71).

(USNll/67).

,
.

1975

- ,
(RDll/75). ,

.
... -

500

(SEP2/50).

(RD/60).
- >

(N8/66).
, ,

1944

. - []

, ...

(Tll/50).

>

,
-

(BW1/68).

(RD4/60).

[ ]

(BW7 /71).

(N8/66).

1975

~
,

(,

Turkle, 1984: 165-96).

, -

501

-
.

, .
,

,
.

, ,
. ,

?

,

12
12 ,
,

- .
,
.

(1984),

. ,
, ,
.

, ,
, .
, . ,
, ,
, , ,
"".
, (13).

.

502

-. , ,
.
,

. ,

10

1945

,
.

, ,

,

.

<< ,

,
, ,
, .


(165).
.
, (308).

503

504

(1985 [1945]: 264).

, -, - -:

< 1

,

, . ,
,

.
,

.
,
.
,

,
, .
, ,

,
1

- ,
/ "modern"/"contemporary"
.
, -, - -,
,

. ,
,
:

, ,

505

. .

. -

, ,

, .

2
.

.

.
-

,
. ,

("modern man")

(lnkeles & Smith, 1974)

.
2

-
,
, ,
_ ~ .. .

506

, , -

(1979: 133) ,

,
.

,
.
,

(135,

),

America

Sociological Review

. ,
, ,
. ,
,
,

, ,
3

,
, .

,

,

- .
,
,

. , ,

1979 ,
, ,
.
(1991)

,
, .

507

. ,
,

,
.
, ,

, , ,

.
, ,

,
, ,

, ,

(1989: 665).
-

,

. , ,

(666).

.
,

(666).

. -

508

,
.

, ,

, .

.
, ,
- ,

.

,

, ,

.
,

.
-
, , ,

509

,
,

(1957),

, .

, 4 ,

5
4

cri de coeur ( (.)- . .),
,
:
,
,

, ....
, [ ],

. (Ishitsuka, 1994).
. Hobsbawm (1991): ....
- ,
, . , ,
,
. Bobblo (1991: 3):
, -, ...
.

,- (1990: 574)
. ,

510

, ,

,

,

. ,
,

, ,

(Hawthorn, 1991),

-, ,

. ,
,

,
,

, ,
. ,

,

. ,

,
, .

. ,
: Goldfarb (1990), Katznelson (1990), Heilbroner (1990),
Campeanu (1990). .
{tr the Fall (Blackburn, 1991).

511

(lnkeles, 1991; Lipset, 1990).

,
, ,

, ,
. ,
,

,

. ,

(1992):

,
,
.

(neomodern theory), ,

(Barbour,
1974), ,
(Entrikin, 1991). ,
,

512

,
,

(1977).

(modernity)

(Bourricaud, 1987; Habermas, 1981; Pocock, 1987).

,

.
,
,

, ,
,
, -,
.
,

(Burn, 1974),

, ,

?

, ,

.

,

. ,

513
33

, ,

, ,

.
,
,

, .

,
.
,

,

, ,

(1973 [1964]).

,
.
,

-
:

; -

514

(reconvergence theory),

-,

, ,

,
,

. ,

, .
: ,

(1949)

- ,

,
,

. , -

515

8
,

(wissenschafliche)

7 :

1.

(coherently organized)

2.

, ,

3.

, ,

.
,
.
,

.

.

, , ,
, , , ,
.. , .

, , ,
.
,

.
, ,

, , .

(1993: 129-36).

516

Sztompka

-
.

3.

, .

4.

(1966)

(<,
,

, .

,
,
. ,
,
,

,
,

(<

8
8

,
(,

1968),

.
,
,

(Smelser, 1991),

517

,
, ,

.. --~.

.
,

(1971: 127)
..

, ,

~ 9 ,
, ,

,
.
,

. ,

474)

(1964: 466,

, , ,

..

]
,

,
""...

, -

.
9

.. .. .

518

.
,

, ,

10
, ,

,

,

(.

Mann, 1986).

(,

Alexander & Colomy, 1990; Meyer & Rowan, 1977),

(
,

Hall, 1985).

(,

1964).

,

,

, ; 10

(1992: 118)

(112)
. , ,
, []

(112).
519

,
. ,

11 ,
,

,
,

, , , .
, -

,
. ,

, ,
,

(Durkheim, 1937 [1897]).

("scientifically invalidated")

, ,

,
: ?

, , ,

11

""
, ,
,

-, ,

(Muller, 1992: 138).

520

(Alexander & Colomy, 1990)

,
.

12
,
,
,

, ,

(,

1984)

Boudon,

,., ,

(1973 [1964]).

,
,
,

,.

(Bellah, 1970).

, ,
.
12

, ,

, ,
(,
Gouldner, 1970).
,
,

. ,
,
, ,

(. : Levine, 1991: 90). , ,
, ,

.
,

. , ,

,
.

521

.
,

.
,

,
, .

, , ,

13

1977).

(Barthes,

13

, ,
, ,
, ,
, . . . . ,
, " ",

... ,
. ,
,

"", ,
, .
,

, - .
,
, ,

,
(White, 1980: 20).

522

, .
,

. ,
, ,

, , ,

.
,
,

, .

, ,..
,

.
, ,.

,.,
,. .

,

,.,

,.. (

, ) , ,
,

523

"", "
", ,

(Pocock, 1987: 48).

,
,

14

(Walzer, 1965;

Weber, 1964 [1922]).

,
, ,

(Bourdieu, 1984; Wagner-

Pacifici, 1986).
, (.

4) ,

, -

(1959 [1939])

),
,

("mundane").

. .
3.

524

, ,

, ,

, ,

,
.

, , ,

(pattern variales)

,


,

Konrad & Szelenyi, 1979),

,

(Eisenstadt, 1986;

. ,
,

, (,

1962),

Aron,

15.
15

,
,
:

[] ,

... ,

525

1994)

(1992;

Jamison & Eyerman,

,

,

16 . ,
"".
,
.... [ ]
.
"" (Lerner, 1968: 286).


.
, ,
,

, , ,
(1968), ,
,

(1962).
,
n
,
, n
n . . n

.
16

50 (Aron, 1990).

, ,
,

526

, . ,
,

.
,
, ,

17.
,

1957).

(Buckley, 1951; Rand,

, ,

. ,
, ,
, ,

,
;

. , ,
, -

"" (Mailer, 1987 [1960]: 14).
17

,
,

.
, 1937
, ,

,
.
( ),
,
, ,

. 1947

r ,
.
,

, .

527

/,

,
,

, .

, <<

(1971 [1957]),

(1980),
18

(1987),
(1984) (1975) 18

,

,
,
.
(1980: 130) n ,

.

,
, ,

, ,

...

(130).
,
, ,

. ,
-

528

,
,

>>

("inflated")

,
.
, ,

("deflationary")

, -
- (1980: 139).
,
, -, ,

.
,
,
(141).

(1973),
- (1986, 1994, 2000),
(1991), (2001),
(1999) (1992).

(1991, 1993) (1994),
.

529
34

19

,
,
.

~ 20 ,
.

.
-

,
, .
~
~.
,

. - ,
19

(Ltrd, 1984) ,
, ,

. ,
,
,

, ,
. ,

,

(in-turning),

.
20

,
.

530

. .

>> <<>>,
,
,

(1935)

(1950),

, ,

(,

Niebuhr, 1952).

- ,

, ,

(1962),

(Crossman, 1950).

, ,

(Bell, 1962)

(Aron, 1962; Lipset & Bendix, 1960),

. 21
,
21

n
, n (1971 [1957]),
, n
n , n ; n

n n

.

531
34"

,
,

,
, .

, , ,

. ,
, -

.
, ,

(Parsons & Shils, 1951)

(Etzioni, 1968)
,. (McClelland, 1953) .
,.

,. .

;
,

. ,
,

(Fiedler, 1955),

(Smith, 1950)

. ,

532

.

;
,

.
,

, .
, ,

(1955),
,

(1956)

vs.

22 ,

(inner-directed man).

,
, ,

, 22

.. .

533

. ,

~.

(1935),

(Rieff, 1959).

, , ,

.
,

, ,

, - ,

(1949)

~.

(1989),
(1985)

(1991)

(1989)

534

(1988), .

,
, ,
, ,

, .
,

,
,

(Fromm, 1956).
(1976)

~
.

,
. ~

, ,
~ .

,
,

-, -

23 ,
23

1969 ,
-
, - ,

.

535

,
, ,
,

, ,

,
.
,

. ,

; ,
, ,
.

. ,
,
, ,

24

.

. .
24

. ,
.
(. . NQ 27) ,
;
, ,

. ,

, ,
.
,

.
,
.

536

>>.

(1956)

(1955);

.

, -,

(1950).

32)

(.

, ,

1948).

(Mills,

.

.

,
,
,

.
:

- ,

1967

>

537

,
,

. ,

~
.

(Harrington, 1962),

, .

(Johnson, 1983),

, .

(Moore, 1966);

, ,

(Huntington, 1968)

(Bellah & Glock, 1976),

, ,
.
.

, 25
25

(Seeds of the Sixties) (1994),

, ,
n

n - n
. -, ,

538

,
.

. ,

, ,

(1964, 1966, 1971), (1970)
(1964). ,
,

, (,

Shils, 1972)-
(1963)-
(1964)-

,
,
. ,

-,
,

.
,

,
,
,
.

539

(Bellah, 1957; Cole, 1979).

(Smelser, 1963).

(Schluchter & Roth, 1979)

(Nettl & Robertson, 1968).
(Bellah, 1970)
(Gusfield,
1966).

, ,
,

(1966)

(1963)

(, Goldthorpe,
Lockwood, Beckhofer, & Platt, 1969; Mann, 1973)

(Coser,

1956; Dahrendorf, 1959; Rex, 1961)

(Bendix,
1968; Collins, 1976; Evans, Rueschemeyer, &
Skocpol, 1985; Skocpol, 1979), ,
,
;

540

, ,
.

. ,
, , ,

,

.

. ,
,

.
,

, ,
, , -

. (,

1984)

Weiner,

- ,-

. ,
-

1994).

(Sherwood,

541

,
.

,
.

, , ,
, ,
, .
,

, .

(Lowi, 1969),

Weinstein, 1968).

(Kolko, 1967;

(Wolff, Marcuse, & Moore, 1965).

(Brown, 1966;

Brown, 1959).

1969).

(Roszak,

. ,
,

542

(Kolko, 1962)

(Bonacich, 1972),
(Ollman, 1971). ,

,
.

, 26
26

(Ideology and Discontent)- ,


, ,

. -
,
, ,

.
(: Geertz, 1973 [1964]),
, .
,
,
,

(.,
, Apter, 1963),

.

,
(1987).

, .
(. . 8 20)
,

543

.
,

377-406).

(Gitlin, 1987:

(
,

Veeser, 1989).

(Brown, 1966).

;
- ,

27
,
,

(1979; 133).

>

, ,
.
j,
?

, .
,
,
,
.

27

., ,
, Smiling through the

Apocalypse: Esquire's History of the Sixties (Esquire, 1987).

544

.

, ( )

,
. ,
- ,

(136).

: ?
, :

, ,
(,
).
,

(
,

)
(

) 28 ,

28
,

, ,

, ,

, , , ,

, ,


.
.

.

545
35

: .

,
,

(.

Alexander, 1987; van den Berg, 1980). ,

29
29

. ,
,
, ,

,
,
.
, ,
,

. ,
,
,

. ,
,

,
, ,

,
, /
,

.
, -
,
.

, /

,
,
,
. ,

546

, ,
,
,

.
.

, -

,
,

,
(massive backlash

movements),

. -
, ,

30 ,

~
,

. , ~,
~
/,
. ,
,
.

30

,
n :

547

,

.

(1977)
(Horowitz & Collier,
1989) -
nouvelles philosophes 31 ,
- . 32
- -

.
,

.
.
, ,
.

(Foucault, 1977; Huyssen, 1986; Lyotard,

1984), (Rorty, 1979),
(Hall, 1993),
,

....
....
, "",
. (October

1988,

. :

Thompson, 1992: 238).

( .)

31

32

Yippies -

.- -. .

548

(Crespi, 1992),

Seidman, 1991 )
1989; Lash, 1985). ,
,

(Halpern, 1990;
(Harvey,

33

.

,
, ,

,
. ,

, -

, , ,
,

,
.

,-

, 33

: Crook, Pakulski, and Waters (1992).
- ,

. , .
, . Herpin (1993), Archer

(1987), Giddens (1991 ).

549

,
.

, , , ,

,
.

; -

, -, 34
,
,

,
, .
,

, 34

1986

. ,
,

, (. : Thompson, 1992: 222).

,

,
_ ,
, : "
,

. ""
" .. _.

, "",
,
(222).


,
- .

,

550

35
,
.
.

~
;

. .
.

36 35

"La revolution qu'anticipaient les avant-gardes et les partis

d'extreme gauche et que denoncaient les penseurs et les
organisations de droit ne s'est pas produite_ Mais les societes
avances n'en ont pas moins subl une transformation radicale. Tel
est le constat commun que font les sociologues ... qui ont fait la
postmodernite le theme de leurs analyses". ( ,

,

.
. ,

...
(.)- . .) (Herpin, 1993: 295).
36

. , 1959
; ,
,
.

, .
,
,
,
. ,

. ,
, . ,

,
.
"" .

551

, :

(1988; 25)

:
.
,

::
. ,

,
, :

, :

, ,

(15).

, ,
,

. ,

,
, , .
, -

(Mills, 1963 [1959]: 236. . : Thompson,
).

,
,
,
,
.
1959 , ,

.
,

. , ,

,
, ,

; ,
.

552

37

(20) 38

,
,
.
,

, ,
,
. , ,
;

.
,

(1988; 15)

,
:

37

(15).

: . .
// .77.- .. .

38

2000. N2 4.

63-

: -
, ,
,

...

,
, ,

, ,

, ,
,

(1980: 11).

553

.,

, .
,

. .

.

,

, ,

. , ,
, , ,
,

554

(Lyotard,
1984), , .
(Baudrillard, 1983), (Gorz,
1982), (Seidman,
1991, 1992)-

.

.

,
.

,
. ,
,

.

, .
,

,
,

, ,

.
.

,
, ,

, ,

,
. ,

555

, ,
,

(,

Jay, 1973),

. ,

,
,

(),
()
.
,

,
.

:

, :
.

.:

. 39
39 ,

, ,
, .

556

. ,
,

(Rosenau, 1992; Thompson, 1992)

; ,

,
-,

,

(,

Seidman,

1991,

1992),

. ,
, ,

.
, ,

, ,

, ,

.

,
,

_
(1983) ,
,

,

.

557

(1988: 15),

<<

. ,

.

(,

Rorty, 1985, 1989),

,
,

(the ultimate equalizer).

,
.

(1983) -

. ,

. ,

;
, ,

, ,

,
.

558

,
,

. ,
.

(1963 [1959])

,
.

1973 ,

.
, ,

. <<

559

8

,

(postscarcity society).

, , -

. , ,

(1976),

,
,

,
,

(1977);

,

.

560

. ,

(1978) ,

-
Eliade, 1954). ,

(.

-,

;

.

, -

. ,

. ,
,

40 40

, ,
,
(., ,
[Alexander, 1991] ero [Seidman, 1991]).
,
,

.
,
, 3
. , ,


. ,

(,

Gadamer, 1975),

. ,
, -

561
36

8
,

, ,

. ,

)

(
- )

,
,

,
,
. , ,
,
,
.
,
, .

562

, -,

>>

("world-historical

frame").
:

,

, ,

. ,

,
. ,

, .

,
.

. ,

,

(
,

563
36"

), ,

,

.

,
, ,
,

, ,
,

. ,

(Muller, 1992: 139).

. -

,
,

41
41

- n
,

564

,
,

,
,
. ,

(.

Kumar, 1992)

42
, ,
,
, 1985 .
:

" ".
,
" ", , ...
,
-
, 1983 ,
(Reuters News Service,

February 27, 1993).

42

,
, ,
, , ,

, :

, ,

1989

....
....
-

. . .. " " "

",
.
, 1989
:

565

( . :

Kennedy,

1993)

, ,

.
:

,
.

, .

, , ,
, ,
,

, ,
,
,
(issue boundaries) ,
. , "

", ,
- , , " "

(Jowitt, 1992: 3067).

1989 1066 .

566

, , , .

,

,

-,

- .

,

-

, ,

(1968),

(1966)

43 43

, .


(

) .
, ,
, ,
,

.

,

,
,
,

, (privatism)
(retreatism),
( , ).

(, 1988)
-.

567

8
,

(Chirot, 1990).

, .
,

,
, ,

.


.

,
- (

) , ,
,

. ,
,

, ,
, ,

568

. ,

(commonality)

44
, , -,

(.

Tiryakian, 1991)

,
44

,
, ,

, ,

,
, :

,
, :
. , ,

.... ,
, ,

,
, ,
, , ,

(=

), ,
.
,

. ,

(Gitlin, 1993: 36-7).

569

, (
) /
( ,
)
,

. ,

-.

, , ,

. ,

,.

(1990)

(Foundations of Social Theory)

,
.

,
,

, -

570

(, Przeworski, 1985; Wright, 1985;

Elster, 1989),

, ,
,
(Moene & Wallerstein, 1992; Nee, 1989;
Przeworski, 1991).

(,

Blackburn, 1991;
Friedland & Robertson, 1990; Szelenyi, 1988),

. ,

(1990)

(1974)

(-

571

Powell, 1991),

("embeddedness") (1985)
(, Granovetter

& Swedberg, 1992)

,
, ,

(Boltanski, 1999: 35-95; Boltanski

& Thevenot, 1991: 60-84; Hall, 1985; Heilbroner,

1986).
;

(Holton & Turner, 1986),

(Holton, 1992; Holton &

Turner, 1986).

, , ,

Kumar, 1992: 316)

(Sherwood, 1994),

.
, , -

572

(1984)

(Tiryakian, 1988)

.
,

1984

, ,

(effervescence),

.
, ,

,
, ,
,
. , -

573

1989

(Chan, 1994)

, .
,

,
. -

,
.

,

.

(.

Cohen & Arato, 1992)

(Stepan, 1985),

574

(1992) (1988,

1998).

,
,

,

(1989 [1962])

, ,

. ,

(., , ,

. :

Calhoun [1993]

, ,

1987)45
-

(1992, 1992),
, ,

(,
45

Banfield, 1991;

,
,

.
, ,

, , ,

, , ,
, ,
, (Sales, 1991: 308).

575

Shils,

1991, 1991;

Wilson, 1991)

(,

Sciulli, 1990)

Mayhew, 1990;

(,

lnkeles, 1991)

.

,

,
,

,
,

(Touraine, 1994).

,
. -

576

, ,
.

. ,
,
,

(master code),

.
,

,
,

(Moscovici, 1984).

,
,
,
/

, -
: ,
,
:

::

577
37

,
- ,
.

. ,
,
.
,

, ,

. , ,

.



,
.

.
:

- --

?
, -,

, , ,

578

1989

-
.

,
.

,

(Frank, 1966)
(Robertson, 1992).

n,

- ,

.
, (.

nedy, 1987; Huntington, 1996)

Ken-

,
.
-

579
37.

,
,

-
,

(1978)-

46
,

-,

, ,

(1987: vii)

,

,

, ,

, 46 n ,

, n
- -
. ,
n


.

- , , , n,
-
.

580

( )

. ,
,

. ..

, ,

,
,

(vii).

.

, , ,

(Hannerz, 1987, 1989),

world-ism),
,

-,

(third

.
,

- ,
-

581

1991

~,

,
~

(Said, 1991).

~
,

,
, , ,

....

. .

, ...
. ,

~.
, ,
,
~,

11

582

-
Huntington (1996),-

- ,

-,

,
. , ,
, - ,

(Thomas & Lauderdale, 1988),

,
.

(,

1995)

Held,

583

.
,

. ,

, ,

47. , ,

(Snyder, 2000).

, ,

?
,

47

,
,

. _,
, (1993: 23-70)

, ,

(1994).

584

",

(1992)

"

. ,
,
,

. ,


,

(,

Brubaker, 1994)

, ,

Calhoun, 1993).
1994 Theory and Society,

(.

,
.

-

--

-:
,

...

....

585

,
.
,
.
.
,

(Comaroff & Stern, 1994: 35).

, ,

(35-7).

, ,

, :

,
, .

.
, .

(Greenfeld & Chirot, 1994:

123).
586

. ., ,

- :

. .

, "-": "
,

.
[: ] ".

.

.... ... ,
,
- ,

587

. " ,

1927

, -

.... ,

,
. ,
,

".

(June 16, 1992;

International Herald Tribune).

. ,

1992

. ,

.
,

,
.

48
48

(1991)

588

, - -: 11

2001

,
.

.
,
,

. ,

.
,

?
,

(Alexander,

).

, ,
,
, , ,

,
, ,

589

1982

(144),

, , ,

.
, ...

,
,

.
. (
,

Parsons, 1964) ,

. ,
,

, .
-,

, .

-
,

,
. ,

590

. , ,

. ,
, ,

-
.

, ,

11

(1992),

, ,

(.

Muller, 1994).

(1992: 111), -

,

, ,

591

, ,

, ,

(111.

).

,
.

(1986)

1986)

(Holton & Turner,

<

(1990, 1991, 1992)

,
.

, , ,
.

,
,
. ,

....

Fin de siecle

...
-

1994: 56;

(Giddens,
Beck, 1994: 1, Lash, 1994: 110).
592

, ,

,- , ,

,
.

(Borko,

. :

Muller, 1992: 112)

.
,

(1990: 4),

,
,
.

(1991)

...

>

(69),

593
38

(1990) ,

,.

, ,

-,.
,

,
.

,.,

-,

,.

.
,

(.

Leijonhofvud [1993]
, 1994: 17-27).

.
,

,-

,., ,. ,.
,

,

.(1994:63-5,79,84,104-5)

.

594

, ,
,

. , ,

/. ,
-.

, -
,

, - .

, ,

, ,
; ,
,
,

(1994:

Beck, 1994: 2).

56;

,
.
, /

, , ,

595

, ,

, ,
.

, -,

,
. ,

(.

[1994]).

. ,

,

,
,

. ,
,

(1994),
.
,

.
,

.

596

.

,

.

,

(.

Sztompka, 1991).

(.

Sztompka, 1993: 136-41)

. ,
, ,

.
,
;

(., ,

Rueschemeyer, 1993).

, ,

(,

Sztompka, 1991),

,
.

597

,
,
,

.
,

,

,

, ,

,
,

("modern") .

,
,

.

,

598

. ~-

,
~- ,

.

(1987: 19-21)

, ~

,
.
, , ,
(<

, ~

~ .
(< ,

.
,

(<

, (<
,

. ? ,
, ~
,

599

, ,

,

,
. ,

,
- .
,

- ,
,

, ,
, ,

.
,

.
.
.
, ;
.

600

1.

Abzug, Robert . 1985. Inside the Vicious Heart: Americans

and the Liberation of Nazi Concentration Camps. New York:
Oxford University Press.

2.

Adorno, ., . Frankel-Brunswick, D. J. Levinson, & N. Sanford.

1950. TheAuthoritarianPersonality. NewYork: Harpers.

3.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1982. Theoretical Logic in Sociology,

4 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press.

4.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1986. "The Dialectic of Individualism

and Domination: Weber's Rationalization Theory and
Beyond". In Sam Whimster and Scott Lash, eds. Weber and
Rationality. London: Allen and Unwin.

5.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1987. Twenty Lectures: Sociological

Theory since World War 11. New York: Columbla University
Press.

6.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1987. "Culture and Political Crisis:

Watergate and Durkheimian Sociology". In Durkheimian
Sociology: Cultural Studies, ed. Jeffrey . Alexander. New
York: Cambridge University Press.

7.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1988. "Action and Its Environments".

In Action and Its Environments, Toward New Synthesis, ed.
J. Alexander. NewYork: Columbla University Press.

8.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1990. "lntroduction: Understanding

the 'Relative Autonomy' of Culture". In Culture and Society:
Contemporary Debates, ed. Jeffrey . Alexander & Steven
Seidman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

9.

Alexander, Jeffrey . 1991. "Sociological Theory and the Claim

to Reason: Why the End Is Not in Sight". Reply to Seidman. In
Sociological Theory 9(2): 147-53.

10. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1992. "Citizen and Enemy as Symbolic

Classification: On The Polarizing Discourse of Civil Society".
In Michele Lamont and Marcel Fournier, eds. Cultivating
Differences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

11. Alexander, Jeffrey

London: Verso.

1995.

Fin-de-siecle Social Theory.

12. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1995. "Modern, Post, Anti, and Neo:

How Intellectuals Have Tried to Understand the 'Crisis of our
Time"', New Left Review 210: 63-102.
13. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1996. "Cultural Sociology or Sociology
of Culture?" Culture 10: 3-4, 1-5.
601

14. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1996. "Les Regles secretes: L'argument

souterrain de Durkheim pour la subjectification de la
sociologie". In Les Regles Apres 100 Ans, ed. Charles-Henri
Coin. Paris: PUF.
15. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1998, Winter. "Bush, Hussein, and the
Cultural Preparation for War: Toward More Symbolic Theory
of Political Legitimation". Epoche 21 (1): 1-14.
16. Alexander, Jeffrey . 2000. "Theorizing the Good Society:
Hermeneutic, Normative, and Empirical Discourses". Canadian
Journal of Sociology 25 (3): 271-310.
17. Alexander, Jeffrey . 2000. "This-worldly Mysticism". Journal
of Adult Development. 7(4): 267-272.
18. Alexander, Jeffrey . 200la. "Parsons as Repulican Critic of
Industrial Society: N ew U nderstanding of the Early W ritings".
Parsons' The Structure of Social Action and Contemporary
Debates. Ed. G. Pollini, D. LaValle, & G. Sciortino. Milan:
Franco Angeli. . 15-24.
19. Alexander, Jeffrey . 2001. "On the Social Construction of
Moral Universals: The Holocaust from War Crime to Trauma
Drauma". European Journal of Social Theory 4: 4.
20. Alexander, Jeffrey . Forthcoming. "From War Crime to
Holocaust Trauma: Progressive and Tragic Narratives of the
Nazi's Mass Murder of the Jews". ln Cultural Trauma. Ed.
Jeffrey Alexander, Ron Eyerman, Bernhard Giesen, Neil
Smelser, & Peter Sztompka. erkeley: University of California
Press.
21. Alexander, Jeffrey . Forthcoming. 'From the Depths of
Despair: Performance, Counter-Performance, and 'September
11. "' Sociological Theory.
22. Alexander,JeffreyC., &PaulColomy, eds.1990. Differentiation
Theory and Social Change. New York: Columbla University
Press.
23. Alexander, Jeffrey . 1995. "Traditions and Competition:
Preface to Postpositivist Approach to Knowledge
Accumulation". ln Neofunctionalism and Beyond, ed. Jeffrey
Alexander. New York: Blackwell.
24. Alexander, Jeffrey ., ernhard Giesen, Richard Munch, & Neil
Smelser. 1987. The Micro-Macro Link. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
25. Alexander, Jeffrey ., & Maria Pia Lara. 1996. "Honneth's New
Critical Theory of Recognition". New Left Review 220: 126-52.
26. Alexander, Jeffrey ., & Steven Sherwood. 1992, February 2.
"Why Yeltsin Can't Get No Respect in America". Los Angeles
Times, 2.
602

27. Alexander, Jeffrey ., & Steven Sherwood. 2002. "'Mythic

Gestures': Robert N. Bellah and Cultural Sociology". In Meaning
and Modernity: Religion, Polity, and Self, ed. R. Madsen, W. .
Sullivan, . Swidler, & S. . Tipton. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
28. Alexander, Jeffrey, & Philip Smith. 1993. "The Discourse of
American Civil Society: New Proposal for Cultural Studies".
Theory and Society 22: (2): 151-207.
29. Alexander, Jeffrey, & Philip Smith. 1998. "Sociologie Culturelle ou Sociologie de la Cultural". Sociologie et Societes 30 (1):
107-16.
30. Alexander, Jeffrey ., Ron Eyerman, Bernhard Giesen, Neil
Smelser, & Piotr Sztompka. Forthcoming. Cultural Trauma and
Collective Identity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
31. Amishai-Maisels, Ziva. 1988. "Christological Symbolism of the
Holocaust". Holocaust and Genocide Studies 3(4): 457-81.
32. Anderson, Benedict. 1991. lmagined Communities. London:
Verso.
33. Anderson, Perry. 1979. Considerations on Western Marxism.
London: Verso.
34. Apter, David. 1963. Ghanain Transition. NewYork: Atheneum.
35. Apter, David. 1987. "Mao's
691-729.

Repu!ic".

Social Research 54(4):

36. Apter, David, ed. 1964. Ideology and Discontent. London: Free
Press.
3 7. Archer, Margaret. 198 7. "Revisi ting the Revival of Relativism".
International Sociology 2(3): 235-50.
38. Arendt, Hannah. 1951. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New
York: Harcourt Brace Jovanowich.
39. Aristotle. Poetics 1. 1987. (Richard Janko, trans.) Indianapolis:
Hackett.
40. Aron, Raymond. 1962. Eighteen Lectures on Industrial Society.
New York: Free Press.
41. Aron, Raymond. 1968. Progress and Disillusion: The Dialectics
of Modern Society. New York: Praeger.
42. Aron, Raymond. 1990. Memoirs: Fifty Years of Political
Reflection. New ork: Holmes and Meier.
43. Austin, J. L. 1962. How to Do Things with Words. Oxford:
Clarendon Press.
44. Baer, Alejandro. "Visual Testimonies and High-Tech Museums:
The Changing Embodiment of Holocaust History and
603

Memorialization". Unpu!ished manuscript. Department of

Sociology 4, University of Madrid.
45. Bailyn, Bernard. 1967. The Ideological Origins of the American
Revolution. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
46. Banfield,
Paragon.

. .,

ed. 1991. Civility and Citizenship. New York:

47. Baran, . ., & . . Sweezy. 1966. Monopoly Capital. New

ork: Monthly Review Press.
48. Barber, Bernard. 1983. The Logic and Limits of Trust. New
Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
49. Barbour, 1.1974. Myths, Models, andParadigms: TheNatureof
Scientific and Religious Language. London: SCM Press.
50. Barthes, Roland. 1977. "lntroduction to the Structural Analysis
of Narratives". In lmage-Music-Text. London: Fontana.
51. Bataille, Georges. Eroticism. 1986 [1957]. London: Boyars.
52. Bataille, Georges. 1990 [1957]. Literature and Evil. London:
Boyars.
53. Baudrillard, J. 1983. In the Shadow of the Silent Majorities-Or
the End of the Social and other essays. New ork: Semiotext( ).
54. Bauer, Yehuda. 1986. Editor's introduction to Holocaust and
Genocide Studies 1(1): . 1-2.
55. Bauman, Janina. 1986. Winter in the Morning. London: Virago.
56. Bauman, Zygmunt. 1989. Modernity and the Holocaust.
Cambridge: Polity Press.
57. Bauman, Zygmunt.
Blackwell.

1993.

Postmodern

Ethics.

Oxford:

58. Bazin, Andre. 1958. Qu'est-ce que le cinema? Vol. 1. Paris:

Editions du Cerf.
59. Beck, U. 1994. "The Reinvention of Politics: Towards Theory
of Reflexive Modernization". ln Reflexive Modernization:
Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order,
ed. U. Beck, . Giddens, & S. Lash. Cambridge: Polity Press.
60.

eisel, N. 1993. "Morals versus Art". American Sociological

Review 38: 145-62.

61.

ell, Daniel. 1962. The End of ldeology: On the Exhaustion of

Political ldeas in the Fifties. New York: Free Press.

62. Bell, Daniel. 1973. The Coming of Post-lndustrial Society. New

York: Basic Books.
63. Bell, Daniel. 1976. The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism.
New York: Basic Books.
604

64. Bell, Daniel. 1977. "The Retun of the Sacred?" British Journal
of Sociology 27(4): 419-49.
65. Bell, Daniel. 1978. 'The Disjuncture of Realms".
manuscript.

Unpuished

66. Bellah, Robert, ed. 1970. Beyond Belief. New York: Harper and
Row.
67. Bellah, Robert, Richard Madsen, William . Sullivan, Ann
Swidler, & Steven . Tipton, eds. 1985. Hablts of the Heart.
New York: Harper and Row.
68. Bellah, Robert.1957. TokugawaReligion. Boston: BeaconPress.
69. Bellah, Robert, & . Glock, eds. 1976. The New Religious
Consciousness. Berkeley: University of California Press.
70. Bendix, Reinhard. 1964. Nation-Building and Citizenship. New
York: Dou!eday.
71. Bendix, Reinhard, ed. 1968. State and Society. Berkeley:
University of California Press.

72. Benn, David Wedgewood. 1995. "Perceptions of the Holocaust:

Then and Now". World TodayJune 51 . 102-3.
73. Bercovitch, Sacvan. 1978. The American Jeremiad. Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press.
74. Berenbaum, Michael. 1998. Preface to The Holocaust and
History: The Known, the Unknown, the Disputed, and the
Reexamined. ed. Berenbaum & Abraham J. Peck. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press.
75. Berenbaum, Michael,
& Abraham J. Peck, eds. 1998.
The Holocaust and History: The Known, the Unknown,
the Disputed, and the Reexamined. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press.
76. Bernstein, Basil. 1971. Class, Codes and Control. London:
Routledge.
77. Bernstein, Richard J. 1996. Hannah Arendt and the Jewish
Question. Cambridge: Polity Press.
78. Bernstein, Richard J. 2001. "Radical Evil: Kant at War with
Himself". In Rethinking Evil, ed. Maria Pia Lara. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
79.

ier, Jean-Paul. 1986. "The Holocaust, West Germany, and

Strategies of O!ivion. 1947-1979". In Germans and Jews since
the Holocaust: The Changing Situations in West Germany, ed.
Anson Rablnbach & Jack Zipes. New York: Holmes and Meier.

80. Blackburn, R. 1991. After the Fall: The Failure of Communism

and the Future of Socialism. London: Verso.
605

81. Blackburn, R. 1991. "Fin-de-siecle: Socialism after the Crash".

In After the Fall: The Failure of Communism and the Future of
Socialism, ed. R. Blackburn. London: Verso.
82.

lau, Judith. 1989. The Shape of Culture. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.

83. Bloor, David. 1976. Knowledge and Social Imagery. London:

Routledge.
84. Bobblo, N. 1991. "The Upturned Utopia". In After the Fall:
The Failure of Communism and the Future of Socialism, ed. R.
Blackburn. London: Verso.
85. Boltanski, Luc. 1999. Distant Suffering: Morality, Media and
Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
86. Boltanski, Luc, andLaurentThevenot. 1991. De laJustification.
Paris: Gallimard.
87. Bonacich, . 1972. " Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split
Labor Market". American Sociological Review 37: 547-59.
88. Boudon, Raymond. 1992. L'Ideologie, ou L'origine des idees
re~;us. Paris: Fayard.
89. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1962. "Les Relations Entre Les Sexes Dans la
Societe Paysanne". Les Temps Modernes 195: 7-331.
90. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. Outline of Theory of Practice.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
91. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984. Distinction: Social Critique of the
Judgement ofTaste. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
92. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. (Gino
Raymond & Matthew Anderson, trans.) Cambridge, :
Harvard University Press.
93. Bourricaud, Fraois. 1987. "'Universal Reference' and the
Process of Modernization". In Patterns of Modernity, vol. I, ed.
S. N. Eisenstadt. London: Pinter.
94. Braun, R. 1994. "The Holocaust and Prolems of Historical
Representation". History and Theory 33 (2): 172-97.
95. Brenner, Neil. 1994. "Foucault's New Functionalism". Theory
and Society 23: 679-709.
96. Brooks, Peter. 1995. The Melodramatic Imagination. N ew ork:
Columbla University Press.
97. Brown, N. . 1959. Life against Death. Middletown,
Wesleyan University Press.

98. Brown, N.O. 1966. Love's Body. New York: Vintage Books.
99. Browning, . 1992. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101
and the Final Solution in Poland. New York: Harper Collins.
606

100. Browning, Christopher. 1996. "Human Nature, Culture, and

The Holocaust". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Octoer 18:
72.

101. Brubaker, Rogers. 1992. Citizenship and Nationhood in France

and Germany. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
102. Brubaker, Rogers. 1994. "Nationhood and the National Question
in the Soviet Union and Post Soviet Eurasia: An Institutional
Account". Theory and Society. 23 (1): 47-48.
103. Buck, Pearl S. 1947, February. "Do You Want Your Children to
Tolerant?" Better Homes and Gardens, 33.
104. Buckley, W. 1951. God and Man at Yale. Chicago: Regnery.
105. Burn, W. L. 1974. The Age of Equipose. London: George Allen
and Unwin.
106. Buruma Ian, 1994. The Wages of Guilt: Memories of War in
Germany and Japan. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux.
107. Caillois, Roger. 1959 [1939]. Man and the Sacred. New York:
FreePress.
108. Calhoun, . 1993. "Nationalism and Civil Society: Democracy,
Identity and Self-Determination". International Sociology 8 (4):
387-411.
109.Campeanu, . 1990. "Transition in Europe". Social Research
57 (3): 587-90.
11 . Carter, Hodding. 194 7, N ovember. "How to Stop the Hate
Mongers in Your Home Town". Better Homes and Gardens, 45.
111. Caruth, Cathy. 1996. Unclaimed Experience: Trauma,
Narrative, and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University
Press.
112. Caruth, Cathy, ed. 1995. Trauma: Explorations in Memory.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
113. Chan, Elaine. 1994. Tian-Anmen and the Crisis of Chinese
Philosophy: Cultural Analysis of Ritual Process. Unpulished
Ph. D. Thesis, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
114.Chang, Iris. 1997. The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten
Holocaust of W orld W ar 11. N ew ork, Basic Books.
115. Chirot, Daniel. 1990. "After Socialism, What? Ideological
Implications of the Events of 1989 in Eastern Europe for the
Rest of the World". Manuscript.
116. Clendinnen, Inga. 1999. Reading the Holocaust. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
117. Clifford, James. 1988. The Predicament of Culture. Cambridge,
: Harvard University Press.
607

118. h, J., & . t. 1992. Civil Society d Political Theory.

Cambridge, : MIT Press.
119. h, Roger. 1999, Jue 26. "Berli Holocaust Memorial
Approved". NewYork Times, .
120. h,

Staley. 1972. Folk Devils d Moral Panics: The

Creatio of the Mods d Rockers. Ld: MacGibbo d .

121. Cole, R. . 1979. Work, Moility, d Participatio:

Comparative Study of the America d Japaese Automoile
Idustry. Berkeley: Uiversity of Califoria Press.
122. l, J. 1990. Foudatios of Social Theory. Cambridge,
: Harvard Uiversity Press.
123. Collis,
Press.

Radall.

1976.

Coflict Sociology.

New York: Academic

124. Collis,

Radall. 1992. "The Durkheimia Traditio i

Sociology". I Jeffrey . Alexader (ed.) Durkheimia
Sociology: Cultural Studies, . 107-128. New York: Cambridge
Uiversity Press.
Coflict

125.Comaroff, J. L., & . . Stern. 1994. "New Perspectives

Natioalism d W ar". Theory and Society 23 (I): 35-46.

126. Connerton, Paul. 1989. How Societies Remember. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press.
127. Coser, Lewis. 1956. The Functions of Social Conflict. New York:
Free Press.
128. Crane, Diana. 1992. The Production of Culture. Newbury Park,
CA:Sage.
129. Crespi, F. 1992. Power d Action. Oxford: Blackwell.
130. Crook, 8., J. Pakulski, & . Waters. 1992. Postmodernizatio:
Change in Advanced Society. London: Sage.
131. Crossman, R., ed. 1950. The God That Failed. New York: Harper
andRow.
132. Cushman, Thomas. 1998, April9. The Reflexivity of Evil. Paper
presented at the colloquium "The Questio of Evil," University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, V.
133. Dahrendorf, R. 1959. Class and Class Conflict in Industrial
Society. Staford, : Stanford University Press.
134. Davis, Mike. 1992. City of Quartz. New York: Vintage Books.
135. Dawidowicz, Lucy. 1982. Equal Terms: Jews i America,
1881-1981. NewYork: Holt, Rinehart, and Winsto.
136. D, Daiel, & Elihu Katz. 1988. "Articulating Consensus:
The Ritual and Rhetoric of Media Events". In Durkheimia
Sociology: Cultural Studies, ed. Jeffrey Alexander. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
608

137.Delanty, Gerard. 2001. "Cosmopolitanism and Violence".

European Journal of Social Theory 4 (1): 41-52.
138. Deutscher, Isaac. 1968. "The Jewish Tragedy and the Historian".
In The Non-Jewish Jew and Other Essays, ed. Tamara Deutscher.
London: Oxford University Press.
139. Dewey, John. 1966 [1916]. Democracy and Education. New
York: Free Press.
140. Diamond, Sander . 1969. "The Kristallnacht and the Reaction
in America". Yivo Annual of Jewish Social Science 14: 196-208.
141. Dilthey, Wilhelm. 1976. "The Construction of the Historical
World in the Human Sciences". In Dilthey: Selected Writings.
Cambridge: Cambridge University.
142. Dilthey, Wilhelm. 1962. Pattern and Meaning in History. New
York: Harper and Row.
143. DiMaggio, Paul, & Walter Powell, eds. 1991. The New
Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
144. Diner, Dan. 2000. Beyond the Conceivale: Studies on Germany,
Nazism, and the Holocaust. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
145. Dinnerstein, Leonard. 1981-82, September-June. "AntiSemitism Exposed and Attacked, 1945-1950". American Jewish
istory 71: 134-49.
146. Docker, John. 1994. Postmodernism and Popular Culture:
Cultural History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

147. Dodson, Dan W. 1946, July. "College Quotas and American

Democracy". American Scholar 15 (3): 267-76.
148. Doneson, Judith . 1987. "The American History of Anne
Frank's Diary". Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2(1): 149-60.
149. Douglas, . 1966. Purity and Danger. London: Routledge
and Kegan Paul.
150. Drinan, Robert F. 1987. "Review of Ann Tusa and John Tusa,
The Nuremberg Trial," Holocaust and Genocide Studies 3 (2):
333-4.
151. Durkheim, Emile. 1933. Division ofLabor inSociety. NewYork:
FreePress.
152. Durkheim, Emile. 1937 [1897]. Suicide. New York: Free Press.
153. Durkheim, Emile. 1968 [1951]. The Elementary Forms of
Religious Life. London: Allen and Unwin.
154. Eihara, and Judy Ledgerwood. 2002. "Aftermaths of
Genocide: Cambodian Villagers". In Alexander Laban Hinton,
609
39

ed. Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide.

272-91. University of California Press.
155. Edles, Laura. 1998. Symbol and Ritual in the New Spain.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
156. Eisenstadt, S.N. 1963. The Political System of Empires. New
York: Free Press.
157. Eisenstadt, S.N. 1964. "Social Change, Differentiation, and
Evolution". American Sociological Review 29: 235-4 7.
158. Eisenstadt, S.N ., ed. 1968. The Protestant Ethic and
Modernization: Comparative View. New York: Basic Books.
159. Eisenstadt, S.N., ed. 1971. PoliticalSociology. NewYork: Basic
Books.
160. Eisenstadt, S.N. 1982. "The Axial Age: the Emergence of
Transcendental Visions and the Rise of Clerics." European
Journal of Sociology 23(2): 294-314.
161. Eisenstadt, S.N. 1986. The Origins and Diversity of Axial Age
Civilizations. Albany: SUNY Press.
162. Eisenstadt, S.N. 1987. Preface to Patterns of Modernity, vol. 1,
The W est, ed. Eisenstadt. London: Pinter.
163. Elder, Glen . 1974. Children of the Great Depression: Social
Change in Life Experience. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
164. Eliade, . 1954. The Myth of the Eternal Return. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
165. Elias, Norbert. 1978. The Civilizing Process. New York: Unizen
Books.
166. Ellul, Jacques. 1964. The Technological Society. New York:
Vintage Books.
167. Elster, J. 1989. The Cement of Society: AStudyof Social Order.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
168. Emirbayer, Mustafa and Ane Mische. 1998. "What is Agency?"
American Journal of Sociology 103(4): 962-1023.
169. Emirbayer, Mustafa and Jeff Goodwin. 1996. "Symbols,
Positions, Objects: Toward New Theory of Revolutions and
Collective Action". History and Theory 35(3): 358-74.
170. Empson, W. 1935. Seven Types of Amblguity. London: Chatto
andWindus.
171. Entrikin, Nicholas. 1991. The Betweenness of Place. Baltimore:
Johns Hopkins University Press.
172. Erikson, Kai.1966. WaywardPuritans: AStudyin theSociology
of Deviance. Wiley.
610

173. Erikson, Kai. 1976. Everything in lts Path. New York: Simon
and Schuster.
174. Erlanger, Steven. 2001, April 2. "After the Arest: Wider
Debate about the Role of Milosevic, and of Serbla". New York
TimesA8.
175. Esquire, 1987. Smiling through the Apocalypse: Esquire's
History of the Sixties. New York: Esquire.
176. Etzioni, . 1968. The Active Society. New York: Free Press.
177. Evans, ., D. Rueschemeyer, & . Skocpol, eds. 1985. Bringing
the State Back In. New York: Cambridge University Press.
178. Eyerman, Ron. 1992. "Intellectuals: Framework for Analysis,
with Special Reference to the United States and Sweden". Acta
Sociologica 35: 33-46.
179. Eyerman, Ron. 2001. Cultural Trauma: Slavery and the
Formation of African American Identity. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
180. Eyerman, Ron, & Andrew Jamison. 1991. Social Movements:
Cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Polity Press.
181. Ferrara, Alessandro. 2001. "The Evil That Men Do". In
Rethinking Evil, ed. Maria Pia Lara. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
182. Fiedler, L. 1955. An End to Innocence.
183. Fine, Gary Alan. 1987. With the
Chicago Press.

oston:

s.

Beacon Press.

Chicago: University of

184. Finkelstein, Norman G. 2000. The Holocaust lndustry: Reflec

tions on the Exploitation of Jewish Suffering. London: Verso.
185. Fiske, John. 1987. Television Culture. New York: Routledge.
186. Foucault, Michel. 1970. The Order of Things. London: Tavistok.
187. Foucault, Michel. 1972. The
London: Tavistok.

Achaeology

of Knowledge.

188. Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the
Prison. NewYork: Pantheon.
189. Frank, A.G. 1966. 'The Development of Underdevelopment".
Monthly Review 18 (4): 17-31.
190. Freud, Sigmund. 1961 [1930). Civilization and Its Discontents.
New York: Norton.
191.Friedman, Lawrence. 1985. Total Justice. New York: Russel
Sage Foundation.
192. Friedland, Roger, & Robert Alford. 1991. "Bringing Society
Back In: Symbols, Practices and Instrumental Contradictions".
611
39'

In The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, ed.

Walter W. Powell & Paul DiMaggio. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
193. Friedland, Roger, & J ohn Mohr, eds. Forthcoming. The Cul tural
Turn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
194. Friedland, Roger, & . F. Robertson, eds. 1990. Beyond the
Marketplace: Rethinking Economy and Society. New York: de
Gruyter.
195. Friedlander, Saul. 1978.
York: Holmes and Meier.

istory

and Psychoanalysis. New

196. Friedlander, Saul. 1992. Problng the Limits of Representation.

Berkeley: University of California Press.
197. Friedlander, Saul.
1992,
SpringjSummer. "Trauma,
Transference and 'Working Through' in Writing the History of
the Shoah". History and Memory 4(1): 39-59.
198. Fromm, . 1955. The SaneSociety. New York: Reinhard.
199.Fromm, .1956. TheArtofLoving.NewYork: HarperandRow.
200.Frye, Northrop. AnatomyofCriticism.1971 [1957]. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
201.Fussel, .1975. The Great War and Modern Memory. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
202. Gadamer, H.G. 1975. Truth and Method. New York: Seabury.
203.Garber, Zev, & Bruce Zuckerman. 1989. "Why Do We Call the
Holocaust 'The Holocaust'? An Inquiry into the Psychology of
Laels". Modern Judaism (9)2: 197-211.
204. Garfinkel, Harold. 1967. Studies in Ethnomethodology.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
205. Geertz, Clifford. 1971. "After the Revolution: The Fate
of Nationalism in the New States". In Stabllity and Social Change,
ed. ernard Barer & Alex Inkeles. oston: Little Brown.
206. Geertz, Clifford. 1973 [1964]. The Interpretation of Cultures.
NewYork: Basic Books.
207. Geertz, Clifford. 1983. "Common Sense as Cultural System".
In Local Knowledge. New York: Basic Books.
208. Geertz, Clifford. 1984. "Distinguished Lecture: Anti AntiRelativism". American Anthropologist 86: 263-78.
209. Geertz, Clifford. 1988. Works and Sites. Stanford, : Stanford
University Press.
210. Gibson, J.W. 1991. "The Return of Rambo: War and Culture in
the Post-Vietnam Era". In America at Century's End, ed. Alan
Wolfe. Berkeley: University of California Press.
612

21l.Gibson, J.W. 1994. Warrior Dreams: Paramilitary Culture in

Post-Vietnam America. N ew ork: Hill and W ang.
212. Giddens, . 1990. The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge:
Polity Press.
213. Giddens, . 1991. Modernity and Self Identity: Self and ldentity
in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge: Polity Press.
214. Giddens, . 1992. The Transformation of Intimacy. Cambridge:
Polity Press.
215. Giddens, . 1994. "Living in Post-Traditional Society". In
Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics
in the Modern Social Order, ed. U. Beck, Giddens, & S. Lash,
Cambridge: Polity Press.
216. Giddens,
Press.

. 1994. eyond

Left and Right. Cambridge: Polity

217.Giesen, Bernhard. 1998. lntellectuals and the German Nation:

Collective ldentity in an Axial Age. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
218.Gill, Carolyn ., ed. 1995.
York: Routledge.
219. Gitlin,

ataille:

Writing the Sacred. New

1987. The Sixties. New York: Bantam.

220. Gitlin, . 1993. "From Universality to Difference: Notes on

the Fragmentation of the Idea of the Left". Contention 2(2):
15-40.
221. Gleason, Philip. 1981. "American All: World War 11 and the
Shaping of American Identity". Review of Politics 43 (4): 483518.
222. Goffman, Erving. 1956. The Presentation of Self in Everyday
Life. New York: Anchor Douleday.
223. Goffman, Erving. 1963. Stigma. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
Hall.
224. Goldfarb, J. . 1990. "Post-Totalitarian Politics: Ideology Ends
Again". Social Research 57(3): 533-56.
225. Goldhagen, Daniel. 1996. Hitler's Willing Executioners:
Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust. N ew ork: Knopf.
226.Goldthorpe, J., D. Lockwood, F. eckhofer, & J. Platt, eds.
1969. The Affluent Worker and the Class Structure. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
227. Gorz, .1982. Farewell to the Working Class. London: Pluto.
228. Gottdiener, Mark. 1995. Postmodern Semiotics. Blackwell:
Oxford.
229. Gouldner, Alvin. 1970. The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology.
New ork: Equinox.
613

230. Gouldner, Alvin. 1979. The Future of Intellectuals and the Rise
of The NewClass. New York: Seabury.
231. Gramsci, Antonio. 1971. Selections from the Prison Notebooks.
New York: International.
232. Granovetter, . 1974. Getting Job: Study of Contracts and
Careers. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
233. Granovetter, . 1985. "Economic Action and Social Structure:
Theory of Emeddedness". American Journal of Sociology
91 (3): 481-510.
234. Granovetter, ., & R. Swedberg, eds. 1992. The Sociology of
Economic Life. Boulder, : Westview Press.
235. Greene, Joshua ., & Shiva Kumar. 2000. Editors' introduction
to Witness: Voices from the Holocaust, ed. Joshua . Greene &
Shiva Kumar. New York: Free Press.
236. Greenfeld, Liah. 1992, September 21. "itchen Debate: Russia's
Nationalist Intelligentsia". New Repulic, 22-5.
237.Greenfeld, Liah, & Daniel Chirot. 1994. "Nationalism and
Aggression". Theory and Society 23 (1): 79-130.
238. Griswold, Wendy. 1983. "The Devil's Techniques: Cultural
Legitimation and Social Change". American Sociological Review
48:668-80.
239. Grosserg, Lawrence, Nelson, & Paula Treichler. 1991.
Cultural Studies. New York: Routledge.
240. Guroian, Vigen. 1988. "Post-Holocaust Political Morality: The
Litmus of Bitburg and the Armenian Genocide Resolution".
Holocaust and Genocide Studies 3(3): 305-22.
241. Gusfield, J.1966. "Tradition and Modernity: Misplaced
Polarities in the Study of Social Change". American Journal of
Sociology 72: 351-62.
242.

Haermas, Jiirgen. 1968. "Technical Progress and the Social

Life-World". In Toward Rational Society. oston: n Press.

243. Haermas, Jiirgen. 1968. "Technology and Science as

'Ideology. "' In Toward Rational Society. oston: n Press.
244. Haermas, Jiirgen. 1973. "Labor and Interaction: Remarks
on Hegel's Jena Philosophy of Mind". In Theory and Practice.
Boston: Beacon Press.
245. Habermas, Jiirgen. 1981. "Modernity versus Postmodernity".
New German Critique 22: 3-14.
246. Habermas, Jiirgen. 1984. Theory of Communicative Action.
Boston: n Press.
24 7. Habermas, Jiirgen. 1989 [1962]. The Structural Transformation
of the Public Sphere. Boston: n Press.
614

248. Habermas, Jtirgen. 1990. "What Does Socialism Mean Today?

The Rectifying Revolution and the Need for New Thinking on
the Left". New Left Review 183: 3-21.
249. Hall, J. 1985. Powers and Liberties: Causes and Consequences of
the Rise of the West. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
250. Hall, J. 1993. "Nationalism Classified and Explained". Daedalus
122 (3): 1-28.
251. Hall, Stuart, . Critcher, . Jefferson, J. Clarke, &
1978. Policing the Crisis. London: Macmillan.

. Roerts.

252. Halpern, D. 1990. One Hundred Years of Homosexuality and

Other Essays on Greek Love. New York: Routledge.
253. Hannerz, Ulf. 1987. "The World in Creolization". Mrica 57(4):
546-59.
254. Hannerz, Ulf. 1989. "Notes on the Global Ecumene".
Culture 1(2): 66-75.

Pu!ic

255. Harrington, . 1962. The Other America. N ew ork: Macmillan.

256. Harris,

Roert.

1992. Fatherland. London: Hutchinson.

257.Hart, Walter R. 1947. July. "Anti-Semitisrn in N.Y. Medical

Schools". American Mercury 65: 53-63.
258. Hartrnan, Geoffrey . 1996. The Longest Shadow: In the
Mterrnath of the Holocaust. Bloomington: Indiana University
Press.
259. Hartrnan, Geoffrey . 2000. "Mernory.corn: Tel-Suffering and
Testirnony in the Dot Era". Raritan 19: 1-18.
260. Hartz, Louis. 1955. The Liberal Tradition in America. New
York: Harcourt, Brace.
261. Harvey, D. 1989. The Conditions of Post-Modernity. Oxford:
Blackwell.
262. Hawthorn, G. 1991. Plausi!e Worlds: Possibllity and
Understanding in History and the Social Sciences. Carnbridge:
Carnbridge University Press.
263. Hayes, Peter, ed. 1999. Mernory, Mernorialization, and Denial,
vol. 3 of Lessons and Legacies. Evanston, IL: Northwestern
University Press.
264. Heilbroner, R. 1990. "Rethinking the Past, Rehoping [sic] the
Future". Social Research 57 (3): 579-86.
265. Heilbroner, R., ed. 1986. The Essential Adarn Srnith. New York:
Norton.
266. Held, David. 1987. Models of Dernocracy. Stanford,
Stanford University Press.
615

267. Held, David and Danielle Archibugi, eds. 1995. Cosmopolitan

Democracy. Cambridge, : lackwell.
268.Herf Jeffrey. 1984. Reactionary Modernism. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
269. Herf, Jeffrey. 1986. 'The 'Holocaust' Reception in West
Germany". In Germans and Jews since the Holocaust: The
Changing Situation in Western Germany, ed. Anson Rainbach
& Jack Zipes. New York: Holmes and Meier.
270. Herpin, N. 1993. "Au-delii de ! consummation de mass? Une
discussion critique des sociologues de ! post-modernite".
L'annee Socilogique 43: 294-315.
271. igham, John. 1984. Send These to
Hopkins University Press.

Baltimore: Johns

272. Hinton, Alexander Laban. 2002. Annihilating Difference: The

Anthropology of Genocide. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
273. Hobsbawm, . 1991. "Goodbye to All That". In Mter the Fall:
The Failure of Communism and the Future of Socialism, ed. R.
Blackburn. London: Verso.
274. Hollinger, David. 1996. Science, Jews, and Secular Culture:
Studies in Mid-Twentieth Century American Intellectual
History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
275. Holton, R.1992. Economy and Society. London: Routledge.
276. Holton, R., & . Turner. 1986. Talcott Parsons on Economy and
Society. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
277. Honneth, Axel. 1986. "The Fragmented World of Symbolic
Forms". Theory, Culture and Society 3: 55-66.
278. Honneth, Axel. 1995. The Struggle for Recognition. London:
Verso.
279. Horkheimer, , & Theodor Adorno.
Enlightenment. 1972 [1947]. London: Verso.

Dialectic

of

280. Horowitz, D., & . Collier. 1989. Destructive Generation:

Second Thoughts about the Sixties. New York: Summit.
281. Huntington, Samuel . 1968. Political Order in Changing
Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press.
282. Huntington, Samuel . 1981. American Politics: The Promise of
Disharmony. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
283. Huntington, Samuel . 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the
Remaking of World Order. New York: New York: Simon and
Schuster.
284. Huyssen, . 1986. "Mapping the Postmodern". In Mter the
Great Divide. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
616

285. Ignatieff, Michael. 1999, . "Human Rights: The Midlife

Crisis". New York Review of Books 20: 58-62.
286. Inkeles,
67-72.

1991. "Transitions to Democracy". Society 28 (4):

287. Inkeles, ., & D. . Smith. 1974. Becoming Modern: Industrial

Change in Six Developing Countries. Cambridge, : Harvard
University Press.
288. Ishitsuka, S. 1994. "The Fall of Real Socialis and the Crisis in
Huan Sciences". Social Justice 27 (3): 25-33.
289. Jacobs, Ronald. 1996. "Civil Society and Crisis: Culture,
Discourse and the Rodney King Beating". American Journal of
Sociology 101 (5): 1238-72.
290. Jacobs, Ronald. 2000. Race, Media and the Crisis of Civil
Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
291. Jacobs, Ronald. 2001. "The Prolem with Tragic Narratives:
Lessons from the Los Angeles Uprising". Qualitative Sociology.
24 (2): 221-43.
292. Jacobs, Ronald, & Philip Smith. 1997. "Roance, Irony and
Solidarity". Sociological Theory 15 (1): 60-80.
293. Jameson, Fredric. 1980. The Political Unconscious: Narrative
as Socially Symbolic Act. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
294. Jameson, Fredric. 1988. "Postmodernism and Consumer
Society". In Postmodernism and Its Discontents, ed. ..
Kaplan. London: Verso.
295.Jamison, ., & Ron Eyerman. 1994. Seeds of the Sixties.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
296.Jay, . 1973. The Dialectical Imagination. Boston: Beacon
Press.
297. Jelin, Elizaeth & Susana Kaufman. "Layers of Memories:
Twenty ears After in Argentina". U npu!ished manuscript. n.d.
298. Johnson, . 1983. Modern Times: The World from the Twenties
to the Eighties. New York: Harper and Row.
299. Jowitt, . 1992. New World Disorder: The Leninist Extinction.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
300. Kaiser, David. 1999. American Tragedy. Cambridge,
Harvard University Press.

301. Kampe, Norbert. 1987. "Normalizing the Holocaust? The

Recent Historians' Debate in the Federal Repu!ic of Germany".
Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2(1): 61-80.
302. , Anne. 1992, Spring. "Cultural Analysis in Historical
Sociology: The Analytic and Concrete Forms of the Autonomy of
Culture". Sociological Theory 9 (1): 53-69.
617

303. Kane, Anne. 1998. "Analytic and Concrete Forms of the

Autonomy of Culture". ln The New American Cultural Sociology, ed. Philip Smith. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
304. Kant, Immanuel. 1960. Religion Within the Limits of Reason
Alone (Theodore . Greene & Hoyt . Hudson, trans.). New
York: Harper.
305. Katz, Jack. 1988. Seductions of Crime: Moral and Sensual
Attractions of Doing Evil. New York: Basic Books.
306. Katznelson, 1. 1990. "Does the End of Totalitarianism Signify
the End of ldeology?" Social Research 57 (3): 557-70.
307. Keane, John, ed.
Verso.
308. Keane, John, ed.
Verso.

1988.

1988.

Civil Society and the State. London:

Democracy and Civil Society. London:

309. Keller, Suzanne. 1963. Beyond the Ruling Class. New York:
Random House.
310. Kelman, Herbert ., & V. Lee Hamilton. 1989. Crimes of
Obedience: Toward Social Psychology of Authority and
Responsibility. New Haven: Yale University Press.
311. Kennedy, . 1987. The Rise and Fall ofGreat Powers: Economic
Change and Military Conflict 1500-2000. New York: Vintage
Books.
312. Kennedy, . 1993. Preparing for the Twenty-First Century.
NewYork: RandomHouse.
313. Khosrokhavar, F. 1993. L'Utopie sacrifiee: Sociologie de la
revolution iranienne. Paris: Presses de la Fondation Nationale
des Sciences Politiques.
314. Kleinman, Arthur, Veena Das, & Margaret Lock, eds. 1997.
Social Suffering. Berkeley: University of California Press.
315. Kohl, Seena . 1986. "Ethnocide and Ethnogenesis: Case
Study of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw, Genocide Avoided".
Holocaust and Genocide Studies 1 (1): 91-100.
316. Kolko, G. 1962. Wealth and Power inAmerica. London: Thames
andHudson.
317. Kolko, G. 1967. Triumph of Constructivism: Reinterpreting
American History 1900-1916. NewYork: Free Press.
318. Konrad, George, & 1. Szelenyi. 1979. The Intellectuals on the
Road to Class Power. New York: Harcourt Brace.
319. Korman, Gerd. 1972. "The Holocaust in American Historical
W riting," Societies: Reviewing of Social History vol. 2: 2 51-70.
618

320. Kornai, J. 1990. The Road to Free Economy. Shifting from

Socialist System: The Example of Hungary. New York: Norton.
321. Ku, . 1999. Narrative, Politics and the
Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.

Pulic

Sphere.

322. Kumar, . 1992. "The Revolutions of 1989: Socialism,

Capitalism, and Democracy". Theory and Society 21: 309-56.
323. Kuper, Leo. 1981. Genocide: Its Political Use in the Twentieth
Century. New Haven: Yale University Press.
324. La Capra, Dominick. 1994. Representing the Holocaust: istory,
Theory, Trauma. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
325. Lacouture, Jean. 1990. De Gaulle: The Rebel 1890-1944.
(Patrick O'Brien, trans.). New York: HarperCollins.
326. Laing, R. D. 1967. The Politics of Experience. New York:
Ballantine Books.
327. Lamont, Michele. 1988. "The Power-Culture Link in
Comparative Perspective". Paper prepared forthe Third GermanAmerican Theory Conference in Bremen, West Germany.
328. Lamont, Michele. 1992. Money, Morals and Manners. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
329.Lamont, Michele, & Marcel Fournier, eds. 1993. Cultivating
Differences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
330. Lang, Gladys, & Kurt Lang. 1983. The attle for Pulic Opinion.
New York: Columbla University Press.
331. Langer, Lawrence 1. 2000. "Foreword". In Witness: Voices from
the Holocaust, (eds). Joshua . Greene & Shiva Kumar. New
York: Free Press.
332. Laqueur, Walter. 1980. The Terrile Secret: Suppression of the
Truth about Hitler's "Final Solution". Boton: Little, Brown.
333. Lara, Maria Pia. 1998. Moral Textures: Feminist Narratives in
the Pulic Sphere. Cambridge: Polity Press.
334. Lara, Maria Pia, ed. 2001. Rethinking Evil: Contemporary
Perspectives. Berkeley: University of California Press.
335. Lasch, Christopher. 1978. The Culture of Narcissism. New
York: Norton.
336. Lash, S. 1985. "Postmodernity and Desire". Theory and Society
14(7): 1-31.
337. Lash, S. 1990. Sociology of Postmodernism. London: Routledge.
338. Lash, S. 1994. "Reflexivity and Its Doules: Structure,
Aesthetics, Community". In Reflexive Modernization: Politics,
Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order, ed. U.
Beck, . Giddens, & S. Lash. Cambridge: Polity Press.
619

339. Latour, Bruno, & S. Woolgar. 1986. Laoratory Life. Princeton,

NJ: Princeton University Press.
340. Lear, Jonathan. 1992. "Katharsis". In Essays on Aristotle's
Poetics, ed. Amelie Oksenerg Rorty. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
341. Leijonhofvud, . 1993. The Nature of the Depression in the
Fonner Soviet Union. Unpulished manuscript. Department of
Economics, UCLA Los Angeles.
342. Lemkin, Ralph. 1944. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe.
Washington DC: Carnegie Endowment for International .
343. Lerner, D. 1968. "Modernization: Social Aspects". International
Encyclopedia of Social Science 10: 386-95.
344. Levine, D. N. 1991. "Simmel as Educator: On Individuality and
Modern Culture". Theory, Culture and Society 8: 99-117.
345. Uvi-Strauss, Claude. 1963. Structural Anthropology. New
ork: Basic Books.
346. vi-Strauss, Claude. 1967. The Savage Mind. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
347.Uvi-Strauss, Claude. 1974. Tristes Tropiques. New York:
Atheneum.
348. Levy, Bernard . 1977. Barbarism with
York: Harper and Row.

Human Face. New

349. Levy, Marion. 1949. Family Revolution in Modern China.

Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
350. Lewis, Jane. 1983. The Pursuit of Happiness: Family and Values
in Jefferson's Virginia. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
351.Lewis, Jane, ed. 1987. efore the Vote Was Won: Arguments
For and Against Women's Suffrage. New York: Routledge and
KeganPaul.
352. Lierles, Roert. 1995. Salo Wittmayer Baron: Architect of
Jewish History. New York: New York University Press.
353. Linenthal, Edward . 1995. Preserving Memory: The Struggle
to Create the Holocaust Museum. New York: Viking Books.
354. Lipset, Seymour Martin, 1990, Summer. "The Death of the
Third Way". National Interest 20: 25-37.
355. Lipset, Seymour Martin, & Renhard endix. 1960. Social Mobility in Industrial Society. erkeley: University of California Press.
356. Lipset, Seymour Martin, & William Schneider. 1983. The
Confidence Gap. New York: Free Press.
357.Lipstadt, Deorah . 1996. "America and the Memory of the
Holocaust,1950-1965". ModernJudaism 16:195-214.
620

358. Locke, John. 1960. Two Treatises on Civil Government.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
359. Lockwood, David. 1992. Solidarity and Schism. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
360. Lowi,

1969. The Land of Liberalism. New York: Norton.

361. Lukes, S. 1990. "Socialism and Capitalism, Left and Right".

Social Research 57 (3): 5717.
362. Luhmann, Niklas. 1982. The Differentiation of Society. New
York: Columbla University Press.
363. Luhmann, Niklas. 1989. Ecological Communication. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
364. Lukacs, Georg. 1971. "Reification and the Consciousness of the
Proletariat". In History and Class Consciousness. Cambridge,
: MIT Press.
365. Lyotard, Jean-Fraois. 1984. The Postmodern Condition:
Report on Knowledge. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota
Press.
366. , Sheng Mei. "Contrasting Two Survival Literatures: On
the Jewish Holocaust and the Chinese Cultural Revolution".
Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2(1): 81-93.
367. McClelland, D. 1953. The Achievement Motive. New York:
Appleton-Century-Croffs.
368. , Hyam. 1992. Judas Iscariot and the Myth of the
Jewish Evil. New York: Free Press.
369. Magnuson, . 1997. "Ideological Conflict in American Political
Culture". International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy
17 (6): 84-130.
370.Mailer, N. 1987. "Superman comes to the Supermarket: Jack
Kennedy as Presidential Candidate". In Smiling through the
Apocalypse: Esquire's History of the Sixties, ed. Esquire. New
York: Esquire.
371. Mandel, . 1968. Marxist Economic Theory. 2 vols. New York:
Monthly Review.
372. Mann, Michael. 1973. Workers on the Move. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
373. Mann, Michael. 1985. The Origins of Social Power. Vol. 1. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
374. Mann, Michael. 1986. The Sources of Social Power. Vol. 1. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
375. Manz, Beatriz. 2002. "Terror, Grief and Recovery: Genocidal
Trauma in Mayan Village in Guatemala". In Annihilating
Difference, Alexander Hinton, ed. University of California Press.
621

376. Marcuse, Herbert. 1963. One-Dimensional Man. Boston: Beacon.

377.Marx, Karl. 1963 [1867]. Capital, Vol. 1. Moscow: Foreign
Languages Publishing House.
378. , Karl. 1963. "Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts".
In Karl Marx: Early Writings. New York: McGraw-Hill.
379. Mayhew, L. 1990. "The Differentiation of the Solidary Public".
In Differentiation Theory and Social Change, ed. J. . Alexander
& . Colomy. New York: Columbla University Press.
380. Merton, Robert . 1970. Science, Technology and Society in
Seventeenth-Century England. New York: Harper and Row.
381. Meyer, J., & . Rowan. 1977. "Institutionalized Organizations:
Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony". American J ournal of
Sociology 83: 340-63.
382. Miller, James.1993. ThePassionofMichel Foucault. NewYork:
Simon and Schuster.
383. Miller, Judith. 1990. One, One, One: Facing the Holocaust.
New York: Simon and Schuster.
384.Miller, ., & N. Rose. 1990. "Governing Economic Life".
Economy and Society 19 (2): 1-31.
385.Mills, C.W. 1948. The New Men of Power: America's Labor
Leaders. New York: Harcourt Brace.
386. Mills, C.W. 1963. "Culture and Politics: The Fourth Epoch".
Listener. Reprinted in Mills, Power, Politics, People. New York:
Ballantine.
387. Minow, Martha. 1998. etween Vengeance and Forgiveness:
Facing History after Genocide and Mass Violence. oston:
Beacon Press.
388. Moene, .., & . Wallerstein. 1992. The Decline of Social
Democracy. Working Paper Series: 225. lnstitute of lndustrial
Relations, UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
389. Moore, .1966. The Social Origins of Dictatorship and
Democracy. oston: n Press.
390. Morgan, Edmund. 1958. The Puritan Dilemma. Boston: Little,
Brown.
391. Morrow, Lance. 1978,
Time, 1, 53.

"Television and the Holocaust".

392. Moscovici, S. 1984. "The Phenomenon of Social Representations". In Social Representations, ed. R.M. Farr & S. Moscovici.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
393. Mosse, George L. 1964. The Crisis of German ldeology:
Intellectual Origins of the Third Reich. New York: Universal
Library.
622

394. Muller,

1992. "'Modernizing' Eastern Europe: Theoretical

and Political Dilemmas". European Journal of
Sociology 33: 109-50.
Prolems

395. Muller, . 1994. "From Post-Communism to Post-Modernity?

Economy and Society in the Eastern European Transformation".
In Social Change and Modernization: Lessons from Eastern
Europe, ed. . Grancelli. New York: de Gruyter.
396. Myrdal, Gunnar. 1944. An America Dilemma. New York:
Harper.
397. Naimark, Norman. 2001. Fires of Hatred: Ethnic Cleansing
in Twentieth-Century Europe. Cambridge, : Harvard
University Press.
398. Neal, Arthur. 1998. National Trauma and Collective Memory.
Armonk, NY: Sharpe.
399.Nee, Victor. 1989. " Theory of Market Transition: From
Redistribution to Markets in State Socialism". American
Sociological Review 54: 663-81.
400. Neiman, Susan. 2002. Evil in Modern Thought: An Alternative
History of Philosophy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
401. Nettl, J.P., & R. Robertson. 1968. International Systems and
the Modernization of Societies. New York: Basic Books.
402. Niebuhr, R.1952. The Irony of American History. New York:
Scribners.
403. Norich, Anita. 1998-99, fall-winter. "Harbe sugyesjPuzzling
Questions: Yiddish and English Culture in America during the
Holocaust". Jewish Social Studies 1 and 2: 91-110.
404.Novick, Peter. 1994. "Holocaust and Memory in America". ln
The Art of Memory: Holocaust Memorials in History, ed. James
. Young. Munich: Prestel-Verlag.
405. Novick, Peter. 1999. The Holocaust in American Life. New
York: Houghton Mifflin.
406. Nussbaum, Martha. 1992. "Tragedy and Self-sufficiency:
Plato and Aristotle on Fear and Pity". In Essays on Aristotle's
Poetics, ed. Amelie Oksenberg Rorty. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
407. Ofer, Dalia. 1996. "Linguistic Conceptualization of the
Holocaust in Palestine and Israel, 1942-53". Journal of
Contemporary History 31 (3): 567-95.
408. Ollman, . 1971. Alienation: Marx's Concept of Man in Modern
Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
409. Parsons, Talcott. 1951. The Social System. New York: Free Press.
623

410. Parsons, Talcott. 1960. "Some Principal Characteristics of

Industrial Societies". In Structure and Process in Modern
Societies, ed. Parsons. N ew ork: Free Press.
411.Parsons, Talcott. 1964. "Evolutionary Universals in Society".
American Sociological Review 29 (3): 339-57.
412. Parsons, Talcott. 1966. Societies: Evolutionary and Comparative
Perspectives. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
413. Parsons, Talcott. 1967. "Some Comments on the Sociology of
Karl Marx". In Sociological Theory and Modern Society, ed.
Parsons. N ew ork: Free Press.
414. Parsons, Talcott.1968. "On theConceptofValue-Commitments,"
Sociological lnquiry 38: 136.
415. Parsons, Talcott. 1971. The System of Modern Societies.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
416. Parsons, Talcott, & Robert F. Bales, et al. 1955. Family,
Socialization and Interaction Process. Glencoe, Ill: Free Press.
417. Parsons, Talcott, & Edward Shils, eds. 1951. Towards General
Theory of Action. New York: Harper and Row.
418. Parsons, Talcott, & Gerald. . Platt. 1973. The American
University. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
419. Parsons, Talcott, & Neil Smelser. 1956. Economy and Society.
New York: Free Press.
420. Peirce, Charles. 1985. "Logic as Semiotic: The History of
Signs". In Semiotics, ed. Robert . lnnis. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press.
421. Perlez, Jane. 2001, April 2. "Milosevic Should Face Trial
Hague Tribunal, Bush Says". New York Times, 6.

422. Perry, George Sessions. 1948, November 13. "Your Neighbors:

The Golombs". Saturday Evening Post, 36.
423. Peterson, R. 1985. "Six Constraints on the Production of
Literary Works". Poetics 14:45-67.
424. Pevsner, N. 1949. Pioneers of Modern Design from William
Morris to Walter Gropius. New York: Museum of Modern Art.
425. Pocock, J.G.A. 1975. The Machiavellian Moment. Princeton:
Princeton University Press.
426. Pocock, J.G.A. 1987. "Modernity and Anti-modernity in the
Anglophone Political Traditions". In Patterns of Modernity,
Vol. 1, The West, ed. S.N. Eisenstadt. London: Pinter.
427. Polanyi, . 1957. The Great Transformation: The Political and
Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston: Beacon Press.
428. Pool, Ithiel de Sola. 1983. Technologies of Freedom. Cambridge:
Belknap.
624

429. Powell, W.N. 1991. "Neither Market nor Hierarchy: Network

Forms of Organization". In Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 12, ed. .. Shaw & L.L. Cummings. New York:
JAIPress.
430. Prager, Jeffrey. 1998. Presenting the Past: Psychoanalysis and
the Sociology of Misremembering. Cambridge, : Harvard
University Press.
431. Propp, Vladimir. Morphology of the Folktale. 1969 [1928].
Austin: University of Texas Press.
432. Przeworski, .1985. Capitalism and Social Democracy. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
433. Przeworski, .1991. Democracy and the Market: Political and
Economic Reforms in Eastern Europe and Latin America. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
434. Pynchon, Thomas.1984, 280ctober. "lsltO.K. toeaLuddite?"
New York Times k Review 1.
435. Rambo, Eric, & Elaine Chan. 1990. "Text, Structure, and Action
in Cultural Sociology: Commentary on 'Positive Objectivity'
in Wuthnow and Archer". Theory and Society 19: 635-48.
436. Rand, . 1957. Atlas Shrugged. New York: Random House.
437. Reisman, D., N. Glazer, & . Denny. 1950. The Lonely Crowd.
New Haven: Yale University Press.
438.Rex, J. 1961. Prolems in Sociological Theory. London:
Routledge and Kegan Paul.
439. Richardson,
Routledge.

.,

. 1959.
Douleday.

440. Rieff,

ed. 1994. Georges Bataille. New York:

Freud: Mind of the Moralist. New York: Anchor

441. Rhoades, Richard. 1987. The Making of the Atomic Bomb. New
York: Simon and Schuster.
442. Ricoeur, Paul. 1971. "The Model of the Text: Meaningful Action
Considered as Text". Social Research 38: 529-62.
443. Ricoeur, Paul. 1977. The Rule of Metaphor. Toronto: Toronto
University Press.
444. Ricoeur, Paul. 1984. Time and Narrative. Vol. 1. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
445. Robertson, R. 1992. Globalization: Social Theory and Global
Culture. London: Sage.
446. Rochberg-Halton, . 1986. Meaning and Modernity. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
447. Rohde, David. 1999, June 2. "The Visitor: Wiesel,
, Cities Need to Act". New York Times, 1.
625
40

Man of

448. Rorty, Amelie Oksenberg. 1992. "The Psychology of Aristotelian

Tragedy". InEssaysonAristotle'sPoetics, ed. Rorty. Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Press.
449. Rorty, Richard. 1979. Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
450. Rorty, Richard. 1985. "Postmodern Bourgeois Liberalism". In
Hermeneutics and Praxis, ed. R. Hollinger. Notre Dame, IN:
Notre Dame University Press.
451. Rorty, Richard. 1989. Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity. New
York: Cambridge University Press.
452. Rose, N. 1993. "Government, Authority and Expertise in
Advanced Liberalism". Economy and Society 22(3): 283-99.
453. Rosenau, .. 1992. Postmodernism and the Social Sciences.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
454. Rosenfeld, Alvin . 1995. "The Americanization of the
Holocaust". Commentary 90(6): 35-40.
455. Roszak, . 1969. The Making of Counter-Culture: Reflections
on the Technocratic Society and Its Youthful Opposition. New
York: Douleday.
456. Rousseau, Jean Jacques. On the Social Contract. 1983.
Indianapolis: Hackett.
457. Rueschemeyer, Dietrich. 1986. Power and the Division of Labor.
Stanford, : Stanford University Press.
458. Rueschemeyer, Dietrich. 1993. "The Development of Civil
Society after Authoritarian Rule". Unpulished manuscript. Department of Sociology, Brown University, Providence, RI.
459. Sahlins, Marshall. 1976. Culture and Practical Reason. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
460. Sahlins, Marshall. 1981. Historical Metaphors and Mythical
Realities: Structure in the Early istory of the Sandwich Islands
Kingdom. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
461. Said,

1978. Orientalism. New York: Pantheon.

462. Said, . 1991, January 11.

Times, 1, . 29.

"

Tragic Convergence". New York

463. Sales, . 1991. "The Private, the Pulic, and Civil Society:
Social Realms and Power Structures". lnternational Political
Science Review 12(4): 295-312.
464. Schluchter, Wolfgang. 1979. "The Paradoxes of Rationalization". In Weber's Vision of History, ed. Guenther
Roth & W. Schluchter. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
626

465. Schluchter, Wolfgang, & G. Roth, eds. 1979. Weber's

Vision of History. Berkeley: University of California Press.
466. Schnapper, D. 1994. La communaute des citoyens: Sur l'idee
moderne de nation. Paris: Gallimard.
467. Schorr, Daniel, ed. 1987. Taking the Stand: The Testimony
of Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver . North. New York: Simon and
Schuster.
468. Schudson, Michael. 1992. Watergate and American Memory.
New York: Basic Books.
469. Sciulli, D. 1990. "Differentiation and Collegial Formations:
Implications of Societal Constitutionalism". In Differentiation
Theory andSocial Change, ed. J. . Alexander& . Colomy. New
York: Columia University Press.
470. Searle, John. 1969. Speech Acts: Essay in the Philosophy of
Language. London: Cambridge University Press.
471. Seidman, Steven. 1983. Liberalism and the Origins of European
Social Theory. Berkeley: University of California Press.
472. Seidman, Steven. 1988. "Transfiguring Sexual Identity". Social
Text 9: 20, 187-206.
473. Seidman, Steven. 1991. "The End of Sociological Theory: The
Postmodern ". Sociological Theory 9(2): 131-46.
474. Seidman, Steven. 1991. Romantic Longings: Love in America,
1830-1980. NewYork; Routledge.
475.Seidman, Steven. 1992. "PostmodernSocial Theoryas Narrative
with Moral Intent". In Postmodernism and Social Theory, ed.
S. Seidman & D.G. Wagner. New York: lackwell.
476.Seligman, Adam. 1987. Human Agency, the Millennium, and
Social Change. Ph.D. diss., Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
477. Sewell, William ., Jr. 1992. " Theory of Structure: Duality,
Agency, and Transformation". American Journal of Sociology
98(1): 1-29.
4 78. Shapiro, Edward. S. 1992. Time for Healing: American Jewry
since World War II. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
479. Sherwood, Steve, Ph. Smith, & J.C. Alexander. 1993.
"The British Are Coing". Conteporary Sociology 22 (2):
370-75.
480. Sherwood, Steve. 1994. "Narrating the Social: Postmodernism
and the Draa of Democracy". Journal of Narrative d Life
History 4(1/2): 69-88.
481. Shils, Edward. 1951. "Values, Motives, and Systes of Action".
In Towards General Theory of Action, ed. , Parsons &
. Shils. Cambridge, : Harvard University Press.
627
40"

482. Shils, Edward. 1972. Intellectuals and the Powers. Chicago:

University of Chicago Press.
483. Shils, Edward. 1975. Center and Periphery: Essays in
Macrosociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
484. Shils, Edward. 1991. "Civility and Civil Society". In Civility
and Citizenship, ed. . . Banfield. New York: Paragon.
485. Shils, Edward.1991b. "The VirtueofCivilSociety". Government
and Opposition 26: 3-20.
486. Shirer, William L. 1969. The Collapse of the Third Repulic: An
lnquiry into the Fall of France in 1940. New York: Simon and
Schuster.
487.Short, K.R.M. 1981. "Hollywood Fights Anti-Semitism, 19454 7". In Feature Films as History, ed. . R. . Short. Knoxville:
University of Tennessee.
488. Silk, Mark. 1984. "Notes on the Judeo-Christian Tradition in
America". American Quarterly 36:65.
489. Skinner, Quentin. 1978. The Foundations of Modern Political
Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
490. Skocpol. Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
491. Slotkin, R. 1973. Regeneration through Violence: The
Mythology of the American Frontier, 1600-1860. Middletown,
: Wesleyan University Press.
492. Smelser, Neil. 1959. Social Change in the Industrial Revolution.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
493. Smelser, Neil. 1963. Theory of Collective Behavior. New York:
FreePress.
494.Smelser, Neil. 1968. "Toward Theory of Modernization".
In Essays in Sociological Explanation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice Hall.
495.Smelser, Neil. 1974. "Growth, Structural Change, and Conflict
in California Pulic Education, 1950-1970". In Smelser
& Gabriel Amond, Pulic igher Education in California.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
496. Smelser, Neil. 1991. Social Paralysis and Social Change: British
Working-Class Education in the Nineteenth Century. Berkeley:
University of California Press.
497. Smith, Henry Nash. 1970 [1950]. Virgin Land. New York:
Vintage Books.
498. Smith, Philip. 1991. "Codes and Conflict". Theory and Society
20: 103-38.
628

499. Smith, Philip. 1994. "The Semiotic Foundations of Media

Narratives: Saddam and Nasser in the American Mass Media".
In Journal of Narrative and Life History. Vol4. 1-2: 89-118.
500. Smith, Philip. 1996. "Executing Executions: Aesthetics,
Identity and the Prolematic Narratives of Capital Punishment
Ritual". In Theory and Society Vol2. 2: 235-261.
501. Smith, Philip. 1998. "The New American Cultural Sociology".
In The New American Cultural Sociology, ed. Smith. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
502. Smith, Philip, ed. 1998. The New American Cultural Sociology,
ed. Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
503. Smith, Philip. 1998. "Barbarism and Civility in the Discourses
of Fascism, Communism, and Democracy". In J. Alexander (ed.)
Real Civil Societies, . 115-37. Condon-Sage.
504. Smith, Philip, & Jeffrey . Alexander. 1996. "Durkheim's
Religious Revival". American Journal of Sociology 102 (2):585-92.
505.Snyder, Jack. 2000. From Voting to Violence: Democratization
and Nationalist Conflict. New York: Norton.
506.Somers, Margaret R. 1992. "Narrativity, Narrative Identity,
and Social Action. Rethinking English Working-Class
Formation". Social Science History 16 (4): 591-630.
507.Somers, Margaret R. 1995. "Narrating and Naturalizing Civil
Society and Citizenship Theory". Sociological Theory 13(3): 22974.
508. Stannard, David . 1991. American Holocaust: The Conquest of
the New World. Oxford: Oxford University r.
509. Stannard, David . 1996, August 2. "The Dangers of Calling the
Holocaust Unique". Chronicle of Higher Education, 1-2.
510. Stember, Charles Herert. 1966. Jews in the Mind of America.
New York: asic ooks.
511. Stepan, . 1985. "State Power and the Strength of Civil Society
in the Southern Cone of Latin America". .31 7-43. In . Evans,
D. Rueschemeyer, and , Skocpol eds. Bringing the State Back
In. New York: CambridgeUniversity Press.
512. Steiner Franz. 1956.

London: Cohen and West.

513.Stivers, Richard. 1982. Evil in Modern Myth and Ritual.

Atlanta: University of Georgia Press.
514. Strenghold, Leendert. 1988. "Review of Back to the Source".
Holocaust and Genocide Studies 3 (3): 337-42.
515. Swidler,Ann.1986. "CultureinAction:SymbolsandStrategies".
American Sociological Review 51(3): 273-86_
629

516. Sztompka, Piotr. 1991. "The Intangiles and Imponderales

of the Transition to Democracy". Studies in Comparative
Communism 34: 295-311.
517. Sztompka, Piotr. 1991 . Society in Action: The Theory of Social
Becoming. Cambridge: Polity Press.
518. Sztompka, Piotr. 1993. The Sociology of Social Change. Oxford:
Blackwell.
519. Szelenyi, Ivan. 1988. Socialist Embourgeoisement in Rural
Hungary. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
520. Szelenyi, Ivan, & Bill Martin. 198 7. "Theories of Cultural Capital
and Beyond". In Intellectuals, Universities, and the State in
Western Modern Societies, ed. Ron Eyerman, L. G. Svensson, &
. Soderquist. Berkeley: University of California Press.
521. Taylor, Charles. 1990. Sources of the Self. New ork: Cambridge
University Press.
522. Thomas, G.M., & . Lauderdale. 1988. "State Authority
and National Welfare Programs in World System Context".
Sociological Forum 3(3): 383-99.
523. Thompson, Edward . 1963. The Making of the English Working
Class. New York: Pantheon.
524. Thompson, Edward
Merlin.

1978. The Poverty of Theory. London:

525. Thompson, Edward . 1992. "Social Pluralism and PostModernity". In Modernity and Its Futures, ed. Thompson.
Oxford: Blackwell.
526. Thompson, Kenneth. 1997. Moral Panics. London: Routledge.
527. Thompson, Kenneth. Forthcoming. Essential Quotations in
Sociology. London: Routledge.
528. Tiryakian, . 1988. "From Durkheim to Managua: Revolutions
as Religious Revivals". In Durkheimian Sociology: Cultural
Studies, ed. J.C. Alexander. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
529. Tiryakian, . 1991. "Modernization: Exhumetur in
International Sociology 6(2): 165-80.

".

530. Touraine, Alain. 1994. Qu'est-ce que la democratie? Paris:

Fayard.
531. Trilling, Lionel. 1950. The Liberal Imagination. New York:
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
532. Trilling, Lionel. 1955. The Opposing Self. Nine Essays in
Criticism. London: Secker and Warburg.
630

533. Turkle, Sherry. 1984. The Second Self: Computers and the
Human Spirit. New York: Simon and Schuster.
534. Turner, Bryon S. 1986. Citizenship and Capitalism. London:
Allen and Unwin.
535. Turner, Viktor. 1969. The Ritual Process. Chicago: Aldine.
536. Turner, Viktor. 1974. Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors. Ithaca,
NY: Cornell University Press.
537. Van den Berg, . 1980. "Critical Theory: Is There Still
American Journal of Sociology 86(3): 449-79.

?"

538. Van Gelder, Lawrence. 1999, 5. "Mter the Holocaust, lf

There Can Indeed an Mter". New York Times, D 1.
539. Veeser, .., ed. 1989. The New Historicism. New York:
Routledge.
540. Wagner-Pacifici, Robln. 1986. The Moro Morality Play.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
541. Wagner-Pacifici, Robln. 1994. Discourse and Destruction.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
542. Wagner-Pacifici, Robln. 2000. Theorizing the Standoff.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
543. Wagner-Pacifici, Robln, & Schwartz, Barry. 1991. "The
Vietnam Veterans Memorial". American Journal of Sociology
97(2): 376-420.
544. Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1979. "Modernization: Requiescat in
". In The Capitalist Word-Economy. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
545. Walzer, Michael. 1965. Revolution of the Saints. Cambridge,
: Harvard University Press.
546. Walzer, Michael. 1970. Oligations: Essays on Disobedience,
War, and Citizenship. Cambridge, : Harvard University
Press.
547. Walzer, Michael. 1984. Spheres of Justice. New York: Basic
Books.
548. Walzer, Michael. 1992. "The Civil Society Argument". In
Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship,
Community, ed. . Mouffe. London: Verso.
549. Walzer, Michael. 1992. "Constitutional Rights and the Shape
of Civil Society". In The Constitution of the People: Reflections
on Citizens and Civil Society, ed. R.E. Calvert. Lawrence:
University Press of Kansas.
631

550. Weber, . 1946. "The Meaning of Discipline". In From

Weber, ed. . Gerth & . W. Mills. New York: Oxford University
Press.
551. Weber, . 1946. "Religious Reflections of the World and
Their Directions". In From Weer, ed. . Gerth & C.W.
Mills. New ork: Oxford University Press.
552. Weber, . 1958 [1904]. TheProtestantEthicand theSpiritof
Capitalism. New York: Scribners.
553. Weber, . 1964 {1922]. The Sociology of Religion. Boston:
Beacon Press.
554. Weber, . 1968. Economy and Society. Berkeley: University
of California Press.
555. Weiner, J. 1984. Together: John Lennon in His Times.
New York: Random House.
556. Weinstein, J. 1968. Corporate Ideology in the Liberal State,
1900-1918. Westport, : Greenwood Press.
557. Welles, Sumner. 1945, 5. "New
People". Nation 160: 511-3.

for the Jewish

558. White, Hayden. 1980. "The Value of Narrativity in the

Representation of Reality". In On Narrative, ed. W.J.T.
Mitchell. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
559. White, Hayden.1987. TheContentofForm: NarrativeDiscourse
and Historical Representation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press.
560. Whitman, Howard. 1949, January 8. "The College Fraternity
Crisis". Collier's, 34-5.
561. Wiesel, Elie. 1978, Apri\16. "Trivializing the Holocaust". New
York Times, 2: 1.
562. Weissberg, Liliane. 1997. "The Tale of Good German:
Reflections on the German Reception of Schindler's List. " In
Spielberg's Holocaust: Cultural Perspectives on "Schindler's
List", ed. Yosefa Loshitzsky. Bloomington: University of
lndiana Press.
563. Wieviorka, Michel. 1993. La Democratie
Nationalisme, populisme, ethnicite. Paris:
Decouverte.

l'epreuve:
Editions La

564. Williams, Robln. 1971. "Change and Stabllity in Values and

Value Systems". In Stabllity and Social Change, ed. Bernard
Barber & Alex Inkeles. Boston: Little Brown.
565. Willis, Paul. 1977. Learning to Labor. Farnborough, UK: Saxon
House.
632

566. Wilson, J.Q. 1991. "Incivility and Crime". In Civility and

Citizenship, ed. .. Banfield. New York: Paragon.
567. Wines, Michael. 1999, June 13. "Two Views of Inhumanity Split
the World, Even in Victory". New York Times, 4: 1.
568. Wittrock,

1991. "Cultural Identity and Nationhood: The

Reconstruction of Germany-Or the Open Answer to an Almost

Closed Question". In University and Society: Essays on the
Social Role of Research and Higher Education, ed.
.

Nybom. London:

569. Wolff, R.P.,

Trow &

ingsley.

Marcuse, &

Moore, Jr. 1965.

Critique of

Pure Tolerance. Boston: Beacon Press.

570. Wright,

..

1985. Classes. London: Verso.

571. Wuthnow, Robert. 1987. Meaning and Moral Order. Berkeley:

University of California Press.
572. Wuthnow, Robert. 1988. "Religious Discourse as

Pulic

Rhetoric". Communication Research 15(3): 318-38.

573. Wuthnow, Robert.1989. CommunitiesofDiscourse. Cambridge,
:

Harvard University Press.

574. Wyman, David. 1984. The Abandonment of the Jews: America

and the Holocaust, 1941-45. New York: Pantheon Books.
575. Young, James

1993. The Texture of Memory: Holocaust

Memorials and Meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press.

576.Zelizer, Barble. 1998. Remembering to Forget: Holocaust
Memory through the Camera's

Chicago: University of

Chicago.
577. Zielinski, Siegfrid. 1986. "History as Entertainment and
Provocation: The TV Series 'Holocaust' in West Germany". In
Germans and Jews since the Holocaust: The Changing Situation
in West Germany, ed. Anson Rablnbach & Jack Zipes. New
York: Holmes and Meier.

633

7, 13, 28,
31, 57, 61, 68-70, 72, 77, 80-83,
85,87,89,92-93,319,321,335

,
,

168, 326, 537

(Modernity and the Holocaust)

516

558

73-74, 88, 111, 562

506-

507, 544-545

171

13,

121
,

271-272

17, 24, 123,

125,140-141,144,146,148,152,
177,180

31,53-54,65-66,75,
126, 178-179, 235-236, 276, 312,
459-460, 4 72-4 73, 4 78, 485-488,
545,572,581
- .n
276

179,

505,
514,537,540,546-547,550,562

-
545

- 54, 126, 235236,488

193-195, 536

63, 163, 167-168,

175,315,330,528

70

313, 319, 323, 336-

- 459-460,
4 72-4 73, 4 78, 485-488
- 5354,66,75,312,485-488,581
-

337,339
313, 337

313, 319, 336

- 337
-

175,190,222
.- .-.

30, 171, 318,

327,534
,

481, 531,535, 559-

561
,

27, 30, 37, 87,

317-318,324,350,516,544
-

158, 246, 248

96, 109, 160-161,

336-337

311, 336

, 3

581

317-318, 350

27, 30

95, 316, 444

, n

96, 135, 137, 156, 159, 163,

173,190-191,199,211,216,218221,223,225-226,228,285,293,
300,304-305,317,327
48, 57, 63, 82, 85,
88,90,93,438,528,562
,

596
634

317, 590, 592-

30, 62, 83-88,

90, 92, 125, 154, 514, 521, 543,
562

- -

125

514, 543

-
528-529

154

146-14 7

- 62
- 62, 85
-

49, 67,
117' 120, 333-334, 342-344, 348352,354-355,364,369,371,376,
380,385,388,396,405,412-416,
441,470,509,524,576-577,580,
584,589, 597-598

342344, 348-352, 354, 385, 389390

412-416

50

- (

369,

157, 209

12,488

154, 179, 276-

279,300,308

88-89, 310

-
418-419, 467

- vs.

118, 334, 461

266, 558

313, 337

- 332

71

7, 12, 21, 31,

50,54-55, 66,70,88-89, 157, 209,
236,266,272,310,312-313,325,
332, 337, 418-419, 459-460, 467,
488,496,524,573
-

31

396

. ,

- 355, 388,
389-390
-
371,376

154-

155

- 405
-

31, 62, 85,

Geisteswissenschaften 154155

69, 333, 533,

- -

535

534,

154-155

51, 405-412,

565, 573-574
,

552-553

83-88

-
562

528-529

- 534, 552553,558,560

- 92
-

91, 528529,534,552-553,558,560,568

236, 459-460

635

490, 565

521, 557

18-25, 25-27,43, 50, 80, 94,

105-106, 109-110, 113-118, 120121,123,125-126,128,131,134,
137-138, 148, 153, 155, 157-159,
162-164,166,170,173,177,170,
180,190,193-194,198-200,204,
209-213, 215-216, 218-219, 221222, 225-226, 230-232, 237-238,
285, 310-317, 319-320, 322-323,
325-337,339-341,377,383,412,
425-427, 445-446, 453, 467, 488490,493, 495, 497, 558, 573,
576-577
-
193-194

7-9, 11, 13-14, 18, 25,

27-28, 32, 45-51, 55-57, 59-65,
68-72, 74-94, 108, 110, 125126,133-134, 146, 148, 154, 163,
172, 176-177, 181, 189-190, 196,
208,213,216,218,236,250-251,
268, 274, 303, 310- 311, 314,
320-328, 332, 337-338, 342, 344,
350,351,412-413,416,419,426,
431, 433, 435, 440-441, 445-447,
465, 476-479, 481, 514-516, 518,
525,535,541,543,549-550,553,
560-561, 581

()

- 322

120,315,340,425-427,

- 27,
310-317, 319-320, 322-323,
325-337, 339-341, 412

19-20, 118,

121,126,131,177
- () 105106,113-114,209-211,314,319
--

13

71, 84

-
320

445-446, 573
- 490, 495

-
71, 74,79

113, 154,
253, 255, 267, 270, 275, 280,
290-291,307

- 255, 307
-

290-291

106, 209, 314,

319-320
- -- 314,
319-320
-

170, 173, 211

59-61,

274,278-279,284,287,289,302

25, 157-159,

15, 18, 32, 33,

51, 116, 124,132, 161, 172, 190,
199,217,224,276,408,430,505506, 510, 513, 521-523, 525-536,
538-539,541,544,546-548,554,
556, 559-560, 563-565, 568-571,
574-575, 577, 579-581, 583-585,
591,596,600

311,

113, 154

560

10, 43,
46,52,63,82,88, 113,153-155,
165,176,355,416,434,490,495
7-8, 27-31,
38, 41-42, 44-45, 4 7-48, 51-55,
58-59, 61, 64-65, 74, 82, 85, 88,
91, 94. 150, 175, 273, 341, 344,
472, 505-506

106, 209
636

- 29-31,
60-66, 68-70, 72, 75-76, 8283,85,87-88,90,92,94

-
-,

57-58, 64, 70,

88, 348, 495-496

-

348, 495-

29, 104, 114, 136137,213,227,287,329-332,334335,339,378,525

496
-

57-58, 64, 70,

88

326,474

69

10, 66, 326, 330,

473-476,484,499,502,505,508,
544
-

544

474-476,499, 502

7, 12, 18-21, 28, 32,

43,50,52-55,62.65,68, 70,81,
91-92, 108-110, 114-118, 125128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139140,145,147148,150153,160
166, 168172,174-177, 180184,
188, 198, 200-206, 208, 211,
217, 236, 241, 243-244, 246,
248, 252, 253, 266, 271, 276,
278279,284-285,299,306,308,
310312, 330, 341342, 463, 506,
512,514515,522,528533,536,
539, 541, 543-545, 548549, 551,
553, 555-557, 563, 569, 570,
572-573, 576577, 599

- 326, 330

- 544

- 337

- 484, 548
476

190, 326, 478, 536, 556557,575

340-

341
194196

32, 48, 174, 505-506,

542,554,577

463

44, 238,
273, 474477, 479481, 484, 489,
495,500,561

18-20, 101, 115, 117121, 123129, 131132, 137, 140,

142145, 147, 149-151, 153, 155156,177,188,199-201,223,243,
328,337

421,476

18, 153, 161, 164, 168

169, 171-172, 174, 181, 183,
188,211,243-247

- 54 7-548

- 71-74

266

18, 108, 130,

134, 160-161, 169-164, 169
172, 176, 177-178, 181, 184,
188,198,200,202,208,211,
241

9, 10, 67, 72, 377, 4 76,

484,547-548,557,586

- 66

224, 271-272, 576,

582,584589

505, 512, 563,

572,576,583,590591,596,599

20, 77, 90, 166,

176,313,520,557

637

135-13 7,
192,199,211,226-227,229,287288

20,103,162,165,173,187,238
,63,83,91,513

267-268,

292,

370,453,484

332

116, 531-532, 535,

556-557

90, 558, 562

111, 519

, . .

277

30, 87, 90,

312,490

67-68, 70, 73,

310,324-326,353,419,458,460,
476-478, 516-519, 525, 527, 539,
562,572,592
-
458

419,

517-

13-14, 44, 260, 329,

334-335,354,375,386,396,426,
447,463,465,471
, 37,255, 263,276,
292,353,458,476,517,540

-
263,292

519,525,592
67-68, 70,
73,324-326,353,476

517

31, 50,
70,82,85,88,102,128,348

326, 410, 507-510,

518-519,543,548,552,555,566,
571, 583-584, 596

534
314-315, 330, 351

530, 547-550,
552-563,568,591,599

1418, 21, 25, 106-109, 130, 152,

258-270,272,303,305
-

255,

- 4 77-4 78

- 458

153-154

107, 259-263

-
107, 263-270

175, 196-

7, 90,93

277

107-109, 130,
152, 159, 172, 227, 259-261,
263, 267, 270, 272, 319, 510,
513,550,557

197,246

161, 192-193,

195,229
44,108,267,534

27-28, 51, 67, 472, 474479,481-485,489-490,495,502503

, 87,
,

90,127,592

38

37, 318, 544, 575

49, 334,
389, 395-417-420, 423-424, 428,
638

430, 432, 434, 436, 439, 445448, 451-452, 456, 458, 462,
468-469

-
237-238, 244-245

103, 105, 171-172, 183187, 243-249

285
,

490

44, 267, 544

161, 169-164, 169-172, 176,

177-178, 181, 184, 188, 198,
200,202,208,211,241

29, 70, 75-77, 87,

311,323,330,336,558,562
336

- .

- 75, 323

18, 97, 103,

107,219,226

- 70

- 336

-
75-77, 311

18,108,130,134,160-

95, 172, 183-187,

-
18, 153, 161, 164, 168169, 171-172, 174, 181, 183,
188, 211, 243-247

68, 70, 73, 76,

, 212-213, 277,
284,316,320-321,327,354,475,
481-483, 575, 593

- 354

17-18, 113,

197-198, 200-201

324-326, 353

()
,

95, 175

326

- 277,
284,316

(Kristallnacht) 119-122

- 212213
- 481-483

159

158-159,
163,167-168,248-249,253

, ..

30, 111, 276,

516,519,539,580-581
-

8, 14-15, 17-18, 2022, 24, 42, 50, 95-97, 103, 105110, 112-113, 128, 130, 132,
138, 149, 153-163, 166-172,
174-185, 189-192, 194-200,
202-203, 207-227' 230-235,
237-253, 263, 265, 281, 283,
285, 307, 327-328
-
209-211

-
581
-

276

580-

111, 519

194

639

55, 66, 272

..
..

http:/ jwww.praxis.su
http:/ jvox-p.com
http:/ jwww.politizdat.ru
18.03.2013
84108/32
.

2000 .

N2 1427

,
-

610033,.,.,

122.
(8332) 53-53-80, 62-10-36
http:/ jwww.gipp.kirov.ru; e-mail: order@gipp.kirov.ru
:

ISBN 978-5-901574-96-6

111111111

9 785901 574966