TWO-WAY RIBBED SLAB

ls

ffi++++++F+++1
#++++++#+++#i
++++++=r++iF++i
+++++++++rFftl
+++++++#++##j
+++F##+F++++++i

+++#+p+PtF{F+ih++i
+F{F++tF+

1-

13@ 600=7800

600---*evv
I

500

tt,

*-1 lns
21

609

75

-_-1

_,.1

ff_L

DESIGN EXAMPLE

/ 2-3 shown in the figure"' using Grade

Design a waffle slab for an interior panel B-C
and a concrete cover to links
C25t3|concrete, Grades 500 and 250 steel reinforcement,
partitions' etc' = l'5 kN/rn2' and
of 25 mm. The characteristic dead load from finishes,
the characteristic live load = 3'0 kN/m2'

SOLUTION

Setf-weight of slab
Totaldead load
Ultimate load

= [ 0.075+?(0.125x0.225x 1000/600)] x25 =

= 4.22+ 1.5 = 5.72 kN/m:
= ( 1.35 x5.72) +( 1.5 x 3.0 ) = l?.'zkN/mr

Bending Moments....
Table 3.14 & Equations l4

& l5'

directions'
Consider a 0.6 n: wide bearn section in both
l9'0 kNrn
M = 0.032 x l2'2 x92 x0'6

Support

Mid-span

=
: M=0.024x l2'2x92x0'6 =

19.0kNrn

14.2 kNm

22

l4'2kNm

1'27kN/rnl

REINFORCEMENT

(a)

Support
M

: Design as a rectangular section for the solid slab'" '

19.0 kNm.

b =600mm., d= 300 -25-6-(1212) = 263rnnr

|(=M/f.xbd2=19.0xrc6125x600x2632=0.018<0.167
d> 0'95 d
z = d[0.5+ t 0.25 -(0'018/ l'134) ]ot I =0'98
250 mm
Use z',r.*= 0'95d = 0'95 x263 =

A,=
9.2.1

M /A.i7f-yrZ

.l:

Table

3.1

= ( 19.0x 106; l (o'87 x500x250)= l75 mrn:

Asmrn

= 0'?6(f.,6/tt'r) bd """but

f"1,n

2'56,

Asn'in

0'26 x (2'56 I 500) bd

= 0.0013 x 600 x 263

Provide

(b) Mid-sPan :

should not be less than 0'001

ibd

0'0013 bd

205 mm2

?Hlz( Ar= 226 mm2 ;

Design as a T section

M = 14.2 kNm

Tsection, b=600nrm' d=300

-25-6-12'(1212)=

251 nrnr

Assume 0.8x = hr= 75 rirttt

Mr

= 0.567 f.t b hr( d - 0'5hf )

> I4'2 kNttt
= 0.567x25 x 600 x 75 ( 251 - 37'5)= 136'2kNrl

Neutralaxisliesintheflange,treatasarectangularsection600x300mm.

K=M/ tr. bd2 =

l4'.2x 106/ 25 x 600

x(251

d { 0.5+ [0.25-(0.015/ I'134)]ot

mm
Use zru*= 0'95d = 0'95 x 251 = 238

z=

Ar=Mi

0.87fvt

)2

=0'ot5 <0'167

] = 0'99d>0'95d

z =14'2x 106/0'87x500x238=

137 mm2

0'00l3bd
g.2.1.1: Asmin= 0'26 (fcm/f"r) bd """but should not be less than
x (2'561500) bd = 0'0013 bd
Table 3.1: f.,, = 2'56,""Asmin = 0'26
0'0013 x 125 x 251= 4l mm2
Provide 2Hlz ( A, = 226 mrr2 )

23

(c) At the section where the ribs terminate

mm
Design as a rectangular section 125 x 300

19.0 kNrn

l--

0-5

2r'7 kN

-7'3 kNnr ( hogging)

= - 19.0- ( 12.2x0.6 x0.62/2 ) +(21-7x0'6) =
K- M/f.rbd2= 7.3x106 125x125x2632 = 0'034<0'167
( =250rnm
z = d 0.5+ [0.25-(0.034/ 1.134)]ut ] = 0'97d>0'95d

MI

Ar= M t0.87 fvrZ =

7'3 x 106 l0'87 x 500 x 250= 67 mm2

Thereinforcementprovidedatthesupporl(2Ht2)extendsirrtothesparrfbr
0.3L=2700mm'i.efarbeyondthiscriticalsection'andcanthereibre
requirirrg cornpression reintbrcenrent'
resist the moment at this section without

OR
[25 x 300 mm
Check the capacity of the rectangular section
With b = 125 mrn and d = 263 mm,"

M = 0.167 f.r b d2

0.167 x 25

x llzi

x2632

= 36'l kNm

at the support' that

This is larger than the maximum bending moment
the tnotnent is
is lg kNrn. At 600 mm from the centre-line of the support.

than the section capacity

smaller than l9 kNm...and is therefore smaller
kNm, so the cornpression steel is not required'

36.3

2+

of

Shear
Table 3.15 (BS8l

l0)

: V = 0'33 xl2'2x

9 x 0'6 =

2l'7 kN

Thecriticalsectioniswheretheribterminates,i.e.0.6mfromtlrecentrelineoftlre
support.

Vea = 21.7 -( 0'6

x l2'2x0'6 ) = l7'3 kN

Vx6'"
Vea should be less than
For no shear reinforcement'

vRd.. = [ o.l2 k

(loo pr f.r )r/3 ]

bd

<2'0'"""'Use l'87

i = , +(200/d)r/r= 1+(200/263)ttt = l'87

< 0'02 """"'Use 0'0069
226 / 125 x263 = 0'0069
=
bd
Ast/
=
Pr

x 125 x263: l9'0kN

= [0.12x l-87x( 100x0'0069x25)r/3]
l4'7kN
= [0'035x1'873/2 x25tn]x125 x263=
vmin =[0.035k32f:kr/2]bd

VRd,.

Therefore

VRd,"

= l9'0 kN > Vra""""""'OK"

But,sincetwobarsareprovidedintherib'theuseoflinksisrecommendedto
ensurethatthebarsaresecurelylocatedduringconstruction..Providesay.
R6

- 1000

Deflection
reinforcemei-rt' ( nrid-span)
Percentage of required tension

0'0009
p = A,,"q/bd = 137 /600x251 =
x l0-l = 0'005
ps = (f"k)t'lx l0-r = (25 )'tr
< Po,""Use Eqn' 7' l6a

I )"= } l

(f.k)"2 (po/p) } f { 3
Eqn.7.t6a: L/d= Ki tt + { 1.5
1(f'x)r/2(po/p(0'005/0'0009 +
\3'2(2s)"'
]
Ltd= L5 [ l l +1 1.5(25)r" 1o.0oslo.o009)

1.5

l)r/2 ] l

[ 11 + 41.7 + 155.6 ] = l'5 [208 ]

is 40'
maximum value in the bracket
But it is recommended that the
m = 7 l9=0'78
Modification factor for span largerthanT
226 I 137
area provided = A, p,ou / A, ,"q=
Modification factor for steer

= 1.65> l-S,"Use l'5

Modificationfactorfortlangedsectionwithb/b*=600tI25=4.8>3.....is0.8
l'5 x 40 x 0'78 x l'5 x 0'8 = 56'2
Therefo e, Allowable L/d ratio =
Satisfactory'
<
Actual L/d ratio = 9000 I 251 = 35'9 S6'2 ""'

25

eq&
Reinforeement in ToPPi ng
Single layer of welded steel fabric

A. = 0.13 % bhr= 0.13 x 1000 x 75 / 100 = 98 mm:/nr

Maximum dist. = l,l2= 600 t2- 300 mm
Provide square mesh A98 ( A, = 98

mm2/tn'

r-l

26

S = 200 mm )

t\
ol
al
(ol

II

+_l
t
o
c)
LO

i_
t".

,<
U

=.
C)
(!$r.L

IL

+I

o
c)

(s

l_
I

J2T