2 Introduction to Engineering Calculations

Therefore,
based Fundamentos
on the total amount of glucose
per litre (10 g), the fractional
conversion of glucose to eth
UC 5119
da provided
Eng. Bioqumica
(2016_2)
a consumed per litre (9 g), the fractional conversion to ethanol was 0.
0.63. Based on the amount
of
glucose
actually
Responsvel: Prof Elisabeth F.P. Augusto

(b) Yield of ethanol from glucoseLista

is based de
on the
total mass of glucose consumed. Since 9 g glucose was consumed pe
Exerccios_01
provide 3.2 g 1-1 ethanol, the yield of ethanol from glucose was 0.36 g g-1. We can also conclude that, per lit
Todas as
questes
tm o mesmo
valorfor(0-100%);
glucose
was consumed
but not used
ethanol synthesis.
A lista dever ser entregue at 19/09/16

Recomendaes
Gerais:
2.3 Dimensionless groups and property
2.8 Summary
of Chapter 2
a) A resoluo dos exerccios deve ser claramente apresentada;
The rate at which oxygen is transported from gas
Having
studied
the contents
of Chapter 2, you should:
b)
Indique
a fonte
das informaes;
liquid
phase is a very
important
parameter in fermente
c)
os dimensionality
dados: nomear
variveis,
claramente
as unidades;
indicar
claramente
(i) Organize
understand
and
be able toindicar
convert
units
A
well-known
correlation
for
transfer
of gas is"
mudanas de unidades;
with ease;
d) Indique os passos da soluo.
(ii) understand the terms mole, molecular weight, density,
Sh - 0.31 Gr 113 &.l/3
specific gravity, temperature and pressure, know various
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ways um
of expressing
com'entration
solutions
and mix1. Proponha
diagrama de
processo of
para
a separao
e purificao de um produto (P) usando as
where Sh is the Sherwood number, Gris the Grashof
tures,
and bedeable
to work simple
problems involving
operaes
unitrias
evaporao,
de cristalizao
e de filtrao. A descrio do processo dada
and &" is the Schmidt number. These dimensionless
abaixo. these concepts;
are defined as follows:
4500(iii)
kg/h
soluo
que gas
1/3
bede
ableuma
to apply
the ideal
law;P em massa se junta com uma corrente de reciclo contendo
36.4%
P e essa
combinada
alimentaproperty
um evaporador.
A corrente concentrada que deixa o
(iv) deknow
where corrente
to find physical
and chemical
data
evaporador
contem
49,4%
de
P.
Essa
corrente
entra
no
cristalizador,
resfriada (causando a
S h - kl.Db
in the literature; and
precipitao dos cristais slidos de P) e logo em seguida filtrada. A torta do filtro consiste em
(v) understand reaction terms such as limiting reactant, excess
cristais de P e uma soluo que contem 36,4% de P em massa. Os cristais constituem 95% de
reactant,
conversion,
of completion,
selectivity
anddo filtro, tambm contendo 36,4% de P,
massa total
da torta
de filtro.degree
A soluo
que passa
atravs
Gr = D~ Pc; (Pi.- &;)g
yield,
and
be
able
to
apply
stoichiometric
principles
to
a corrente de reciclo.
2
reaction RESOLVER
problems.
NO PRECISA
O BALANO
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2. Descubra qual a relao da nossa aula com a sonda Mars lanada
Sc= pela
/*I, Nasa (Mars Climate
Problems
Orbiter
ou Mars Surveyor '98 Orbiter).

Pl. -~

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2.1 Unit conversion
3. Demonstre que o Nmero de Reynolds um adimensional
where kl)s mass-transfer coefficient, D b is bubble dia
(a) DConvert
u 1.5 x 10-6centipoise to kg s - l cm -l.
NRe (b)
= Convert 0.122 horsepower (British) to British thermal is diffusivity of gas in the liquid, &; is density of g
density of liquid,/ul, is viscosity of liquid, and gis grav
per minute (Btu min-l).
units
acceleration = 32.17 fi s- 2.
onde:
(c) Convert 670 m m H g ft 3 to metric horsepower h.
A gas sparger in a fermenter operated at 28~ an
D= dimetro
(d) Convert 345 Btu lb-l to kcal g - l .
produces bubbles of about 2 mm diameter. Calcu
= densidade
u= velocidade
value of the mass transfer coefficient, kL. Collect prop
2.2 Unit conversion
= viscosidade
from, e.g. Chemical Engineers' Handbook, and assume
culture broth has similar properties to water. (Do y
Using Eq. (2.1) for the Reynolds number, calculate Re for the this is a reasonable assumption?) Report the literatur
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following
two sets
data:
4. Calcule
o valor
do of
NRe
(vide equao no Ex. 4) para dois casos
(1 eproperty
2 na Tabela),
cujos
valores
for any
data used.
State
explicitly any other
esto indicados na tabela abaixo.
tions you make.

Parameter

Case 1

Case 2

2.4

D
u
p
/r

2 mm
3 c m s -1
25 lb ft -3
10 -6 cP

1 in.
1 ms -1
12.5 kg m -3
0.14 1 0 - 4 lbmS-1 ft -1

The density of water is 62.4 lbm ft -3. What is the w

10 ft 3 of water:

Mass and w e i g h t

(a) at sea level and 45 ~ latitude?; and

(b) somewhere above the earth's surface where g = 9.76

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5. Proceda s seguintes converses de unidades:
a) 345 BTU/lb para cal/g
b) 106 g/mL para g/m3