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Vehicles
Bioenergy
National Energy Goals
&
Climate Action Plan
Credit: slide is from DOE, June 2016
Net Oil
Imports
50% by 2020
GHG Emissions
>80% by 2050
Centralized H2
Production Facilities
(source: NREL)
ZEV
(Gold)
Definition
Example
Type I
Type I.5
75-100 mile ER
2.5
Type II
100-200 mile ER
Type III
FCEV or BEV
4 (3 cr. 2018+)
Type IV
FCEV
5 (3 cr. 2018+)
Type V
FCEV
7 (3 cr. 2018+)
1.25 multiplier for vehicles sold. $5000 penalty per ZEV credit if obligation is not met!
https://www.opr.ca.gov/docs/Governor%27s_Office_ZEV_Action_Plan_%2802-13%29.pdf
http://arbis.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/2008zevfacts.pdf
5
http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/dashboard/dashboard.htm
June 2016
H2 infrastructure needed
for FCEV deployment
Public
Support?
Yes
No
HRS
HRS
HRS
Profitable? Reliable? Sustainable?
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Pseudo
Sustainable*
Yes
Self
Sustainable
Hartford, Connecticut
Braintree and Mansfield, Massachusetts
Bronx, New York
California
Connecticut
Massachusetts
Maryland
New York
Oregon
Rhode Island
Vermont
How Many?
Total:
51
H2 Stations*
*In Process
Open:
27
As of August 18, 2016
H2 Stations
10
$40/kW $1,000/kW*
$1,500/kW**
H2 Storage Cost
(On-Board)
H2 Cost at Pump
$10/kWh
<$4/gge
<$7/gge (early market)
*For Natural Gas
**For Biogas
12
Station Locations
Environmental Impacts of
H2 and FCEVs
Thank You!
aelgowainy@anl.gov
http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/h2a_delivery.html
Link to Argonnes GREET models:
https://greet.es.anl.gov/
18
Backup Slides
19
: ZEV State
: ZEV state w/
incentive
Source: NCSL
: Non-ZEV state w/
incentives
9 states (4 ZEV states) offering incentives for FCEVs and H2 station deployments
More than $2B for clean-vehicle incentives & $20M/year for H2 station deployment through end of 2023.
$5,000 FCEV purchase rebate.
Funding for municipalities/public agencies that utilize alt fuel/advanced tech vehicles, including H2 vehicles.
CHEAPR program - $3,000 vehicle rebate plus $300 dealer incentive for FCEVs.
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Hawaii
2015 Legislature bill allocating portion of oil barrel tax toward providing hydrogen infrastructure support.
Texas
Georgia
ZEV Tax Credit: An income tax credit for purchase or lease of a new ZEV; HOV lane access.
Income tax credit of 50% of incremental/conversion cost for qualified AFVs up to $19k for businesses & individuals.
Tax credit for 50% of equipment/labor costs for purchase/installation of alt fuel infrastructure on qualified property.
Washington DC
Colorado
Low Emission Vehicle Sales Tax Exemption: Vehicles/ parts used for reducing emissions exempt from state sales tax.
Credit: slide is from DOE, June 2016
Stochastic
Simulation
Tool
Algae Process
Description
(APD)
GREET 2 model:
Vehicle-cycle modeling for light-duty vehicles
https://greet.es.anl.gov/
22
24
25
Capacity
(GW)
10
8
6
4
Source:
2
(Arun Majumdar)
1. DOE EERE
Sunshot Q115 Report
2. DOE EERE Wind
Report, 2015
$.02/kWh
2008
2010
2012
2014 15
Multi-sector requirements
Transportation
Industrial
Grid
Renewable challenges
35,000
Variable
Concurrent generation
25,000
PV
Gas
Turbine
Pumped
Storage
Hydro
Generation (MW)
30,000
20,000
Combined
Cycle
Imports
15,000
Coal
10,000
Nuclear
Wind
5,000
Geo
0
-5,000
Exports
Base
(no PV)
2%
6%
10%
Intermittent
integration
R&D
Advances
Steam
Methane
Reforming
(SMR)