Seminar Keselamatan

Kebakaran 2010

Keperluan Penyelenggaraan
Kelengkapan Menetang Kebakaran
by
Ir. Wong See Foong,
F.I.E.M., F.I.Fire E., P.Eng.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

FIRE CAN HAPPEN

TO ANYONE
ANYTIME AND
ANYWHERE

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

HOW FIRE AFFECTS YOU

Property

and material loss

Business interruption

Loss of time

Loss of reputation and commitment to client

Loss of lifes

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

INSURANCE AGAINST FIRE
Only insures property and material loss and
does not cover:

Loss of lives

Loss of productivity

Loss due to business interruption

Loss of reputation and commitment to client

Fire at Crude Oil Terminal, Tanjung Langsat,

Pasir Gudang on 18 Aug. 2008

Estimated loss of RM 97 million

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

1. FIRE SAFETY REGULATIONS
1.1 Street, Drainage and Building Act, 1974

Uniform

Building By-laws, 1984:

Part

VII:

Fire Requirements

Part

VIII:

Fire Alarm, Fire Detection, Fire

Extinguishment and Fire Fighting
Access

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

1. FIRE SAFETY REGULATIONS
1.2 Fire Services Act, 1988:

Fire

Services (Designated Premises) Order, 1998

Fire

Services (Fire Certificate) Regulations, 2001

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

2. PURPOSE OF REGULATIONS
2.1 Uniform Building By-laws, 1984

Determines

all the passive and active fire safety

systems required to be provided to ensure the
safety of the building when the building is
occupied.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

2. PURPOSE OF REGULATIONS
2.2 Fire Services (Designated Premises) Order,
1998

To

define the type of building usage, size and

location that requires a Fire Certificate for the
building to be occupied.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

2. PURPOSE OF REGULATIONS
2.3 Fire Services (Fire Certificate) Regulations,
2001

To

monitor and control Renovations and changes

to the Building; and

To

ensure proper maintenance of fire safety

systems during occupation of the building.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

3. FIRE SERVICES (DESIGNATED
PREMISES) ORDER, 1998

1.

Libraries of more than 1000 sq. meters;

2. Hospitals and nursing homes of 3 storeys and over

3. Hotels of 21 rooms and over.

4. Hostels and dormitories 6 storeys and over.

5. Offices exceeding 30 m. in height or 10,000 sq.m;

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

3. FIRE SERVICES (DESIGNATED
PREMISES) ORDER, 1998

6.

Shops of 2001 sq. meters and over.

7. Factories, flatted factories exceeding 7000 cu. Meters,
Special structures, palm oil mills, oil refinery, cement
works and those with Hazardous processes.

8. Places of Assembly

9. Storage and Underground car park structures

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

3. FIRE SERVICES (DESIGNATED
PREMISES) ORDER, 1998
Categories of Buildings exempted are:

Bungalows,

Terrace and Semi-detached houses;

Apartment Buildings;

Schools;

Places of Worship;

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

3. FIRE SERVICES (DESIGNATED
PREMISES) ORDER, 1998
Mixed use Buildings requiring Fire Certificate are:

Apartments

on a shopping podium;

Office annex to factories;

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

4. FIRE SERVICES (FIRE CERTIFICATE)
REGULATIONS, 2001

Fire

Certificate is valid for one year only;

Application for renewal to be made annually;

Renewal is subjected to Bomba inspection.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

4.1 RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPLICATION

Building

owner;

Occupant;

Building Management Committee;

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4.2 MULTIPLE BUILDINGS
Fire Certificate for multiple building occupancies to be
determined by:

Ownership

of land on which buildings are

constructed;

Common fire fighting systems serving multiple
buildings; or

Common Computerised Monitoring System (CMS).

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

4.3 DOCUMENTS TO BE AVAILABLE

Original

plans approved by Bomba, if available;

As-Built drawings of the building layout complete
with internal partitions;

Maintenance records for fire fighting systems;

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

4.4 RESPONSIBILITY FOR
FIRE SAFETY SYSTEMS
The responsibility for the maintenance of Fire safety
systems is with the building owner or :


Joint Developer and Management
Committee where there is no strata title;


Building Management Committee, where
strata title is available;


Board of Directors, if owned by a Company.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

5. MODIFICATIONS DURING
FIT-OUT WORKS
During renovations fire safety systems should be
reconfigured to suit the new interior layout in
accordance with the fire safety regulations.
A building user manual should be provided for
tenants to follow during fit-out works.
Proper plans should be submitted for approval.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

5.1 WHAT TO AVOID DURING
FIT-OUT WORKS

Escape routes to staircases must be retained;

Fire exit doors must not be sealed;
Sprinkler heads must not be covered up;
Smoke detectors must not be removed;
Hose reels and extinguishers must be accessible;
Isolation valves must not be closed after fit-out;

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

6. REGULAR MAINTENANCE
Fire safety equipment such as fire pumps, fans and
generators need to be maintained and tested
regularly to ensure that they are in proper operating
condition.

Preventive maintenance is to replace equipment

before they fail.
Corrective maintenance is to replace equipment
after they fail.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

6.1 MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS

Maintenance should be carried out by competent

Contractors.
A proper maintenance schedule must be followed.
Detail check list for each equipment must be
followed.
Equipment testing must be carried out regularly.
Select contractors based on their commitment to
proper maintenance.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

6.2 INSPECTION AND TESTING
Maintenance must include detail inspection and testing:

All visible components must be inspected to detect

any defect likely to cause failure of the system.
Manual testing must be carried out for fire pumps
and equipment to check that they operate properly.
System test must be carried out to ensure that
equipment interface is working properly.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

DO NOT INSTALL
IF YOU CANNOT MAINTAIN !

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

7. PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

The fire extinguishers should be checked for
damage and the certificate renewed annually.

Vandal proof cabinet for Portable fire

extinguisher with key missing

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

8. HOSE REEL SYSTEMS

Hose reels should not be used for washing floors,
cars, motocycles or for watering plants.

Hosereel with nozzle secured in vandal proof box

Hosereel with nozzle missing

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

9. FIRE HYDRANTS
Hydrant outlets should not be concealed by
vegetation and the isolation valves should not
be buried or inaccessible.

Hydrant buried and inaccessible

Hydrant buried and inaccessible, another view

Hydrant too close to wall

Wrong time, wrong place to park !

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

10. WET RISER SYSTEMS

The fire pump should be tested regularly and
where diesel engines are installed, these
should be exercised regularly.
Landing valves should be accessible and the
breeching inlet should not be obstructed.

Typical wet riser pipe and landing valve

Wet riser pipe and landing valve

after interior finishes

Landing valve half concealed in wall

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

11. AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

The fire pump should be tested regularly and the
floor isolation valves should be locked in the open
position.
Isolation valves should be locked in either the
closed or open position as designed.

Typical sprinkler alarm valve assembly

Sprinkler alarm valve assembly must be padlocked

Sprinkler flow switch, auxiliary valve switch,

test drain etc concealed above ceiling

Temporary timber supports not removed after

piping installation

No sprinklers in Lift Lobby

after interior finishing

Sprinkler head corroded

Sprinkler head obstructed by high piled goods

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

12. FIRE DETECTION SYSTEMS

System faults should be checked and

rectified instead of isolating the alarm.

Fire Alarm Panel should be manned by

trained personnel

Main Fire Alarm Panel

Battery missing from CO2 control panel

Heat detector missing from its base

Heat detector missing from its base

Manual call point damaged

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

13. CARBON DIOXIDE EXTINGUISHING

SYSEMS
The discharge valves on the cylinders should not
be wired up and prevented from actuating for fear
of accidental discharge.

Discharge valve tied up with wire to prevent diacharge

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

14. EMERGENCY EXIT SIGNS

Batteries should be checked and replaced
when life span has expired.
15. EMERGENCY LIGHTS
Batteries should be checked and replaced
when life span has expired.

Emergency Exit Signs vandalised

Firemen Intercom vandalised

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

16. ELECRICAL WIRING

Wiring should not be loose and dangling but
should be run in conduits.
17. FIRE DAMPERS
The damper blades should not be jammed or
otherwise prevented from closing.

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

18. SMOKE VENTING SYSTEM

Smoke detectors used to activate the system
should be working properly and not isolated
due to faults.
Roller shutters should not be obstructed and
prevented from operating properly.

Damper control for staircase pressurization

Differential pressure sensor for staircase pressurization

damper

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

19.

Fire Lift

The fire lift should not be rendered unusable

due to goods left in the lift car.
20.

Electrical Isolation Switch

The isolation switch should be checked to

ensure that they are not jammed.

Fire Lobby used as Storage Space

Escape corridor or store?

Escape passage or store?

Emergency Exit doors locked

Secure but safe?

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

SUMMARY

DO NOT INSTALL
IF YOU DO NOT MAINTAIN !

Maintenance of Fire Safety Equipment

Thank You
For Your Attention