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CHAPTER VI:
6.1
Overview
The flow of the presentation of data will be from primary source of information such
as interviews and surveys to secondary source of information. As the researcher used
multiple sources of information, each subchapter will include a brief introduction of
the source and will proceed to present the data contained therein in the macro-tomicro form. Information and data gathered through personal observation, interviews,
and surveys made by the researcher will follow the archival.
6.2
Primary
6.2.1
111
6.2.2
An online survey was made to impress upon the researcher actual user
feedback regarding factors which affects behavior within a healthcare facility.
Respondents age range from 18 30. A majority of the respondents are male
either an athlete or has engaged into active lifestyle such as playing wide
range of sports, and have experienced to be confined and admitted due to
injuries. Factors in which it affects the behavior of a patient within the facility,
miscellaneous preferences, and consideration regarding rehabilitation and the
support system.
The usual mode of transportation is Public Transportation within the Metro,
making it easier and convenient even for the target users to access the propose
sports rehabilitation complex
Private Vehicle
Public Transportation
Walking
Bicycle
Other
Basketball - 39 %
Badminton - 53.9 %
Volleyball 47.4 %
Track & Field 28.6 %
The survey shows a high percentage of people having themselves injured after
performing exercises and while playing sports.
112
113
Yes
88
No
66
Sprain 45 %
Strain 16 %
Fracture 9 %
Dislocation 7 %
Yes
145
No
Reason why would you like to study Sports Medicine or Rehabilitation Science?
114
Must improve
138 89.6%
4.5%
0.6%
Other
3.9%
Depressing 33 %
54 %
And so when asked about what programs would they prefer if they were to be in a
rehabilitation facility these are respondents preferred programs:
Everyday activities
81 52.6%
113 73.4%
98 63.6%
Sports
88 57.1%
Other
0%
Respondents were also asked if they would like to volunteer for aiding athletes
with injuries, most of them like the idea of actually helping athletes because
they like the idea of interacting with famous athletes.
Yes
120
No
34
Respondents believe that there is a need for a balance between the mind, body
and soul and that there should be a place where one could fully recover. And so
these were there preferred spaces and ideas for the sports rehabilitation complex
6.3
Archival Materials
CLUP: Ordinance No. Sp-1369, S-2004 Amended Quezon
115
The fraework provides for the Land Use Policy guidelines covering the four
(4) major land use components of Settlements Development, Production Land
Use, Prtection Land Use and Infrastructure Development. Major issues and
concerns and corresponding policy options in planning for each component
were defined in the framework.
Settlement Development. This focuses on the spatial distribution of shelter, its
support infrastructure and networks, and services. It is also concerned with the
interrelationships of settlements as they develop and establish functional
linkages based on their respective resource endowments and comparative
advantages. Some policies under this title that are of relevance to Quezon City
include:
(a) The formulation of town and city plans with close attention paid to
improving opportunities for economic growth, delivery of services, and the
overall quality of life; renewal/redevelopment, assisting small towns to grow,
metropolitan arrangement, opening new towns/cities, and infilling vacant lands
or increasing densities in built up areas shall be considered depending on the
local situation;
(c) Addressing the problem of informal settlements through such approaches
asdirect allocation of affordable housing, improving access to unutilized land,
encouraging mixed use and higher density developments in selected are-as;
and improving infrastructure support to existing residential areas; and
carbon foot-prints of residential areas by encouraging planned mixed use
developments, increased transit use, pedestrianization, and cultural/ historical
preservation in large urban centers.
Production Land Use. The primary objective of planning for this land use is
to determine the most efficient and equitable manner of utilizing and managing land resources so that there is adequate and accessible space for
sustainable food production, forest and mineral resource extraction, industry
116
and tourism, with the end in view of meeting the material and other
requirements of the population. Relevant policies have to do with:
(a) Identifying and delineating potential tourism areas and promoting
thedevelopment of these areas by providing infrastructure support giving due
consideration to their social and environmental impacts;
(b) Reviewing the performance of existing industrial areas and exploring
alternative uses of non-performing ones; and
(c) Adopting and implementing land use policies and zoning regulations that
encourage the use of disaster mitigation and environmental protection
measures that are embedded in the production process.
Protection Land Use. This refers to the conservation and management of
sensitive/critical eco-systems to preserve their integrity, the rehabilitation of
degraded resources to allow them to regenerate, and the identification of
environmentally constrained areas and limiting access to these areas to protect
the human population from environmental hazards. Salient protection policies
include:
(a) Delineation and demarcation of protected area boundaries to prevent
confusion and conflict among affected segments of the population; and
(b) Intensifying information, education and communication campaigns to
instill in people the value of protecting certain resources and of disaster
preparedness.
Infrastructure Development. The role of infra-structure in national
development is to provide the built-up environment that allows production,
consumption and service activities to take place. Infra-structure development
in the NFPP covers five sub-sectors: transportation, communications, energy,
water resources and social infrastructure. Selected infrastructure policies of
relevance to Quezon City are:
117
118
(a) Urban competitiveness. The urban system plays a major role in the
economic development of the country. Given increasing global integration, the
extent to which the cities that comprise the urban system can play this role
depends on their competitiveness relative to other cities of the region and of
the world.
(b) Poverty reduction. The continued relatively high poverty incidence in the
country is a direct result of the lack of pro-poor economic growth. As
concentrations of economic activity, cities can serve as agents of poverty
reduction.
(c) Housing affordability and delivery. A significant part of the problem
plaguing the housing sector in the country is the lack of affordability. The
fundamental solution to this problem is again rooted in economic growth,
which provides employment and income to house-holds, which, in turn, can
increase affordability levels. In the short-medium term, increasing the
availability of housing credit and financial resources as well as lowering the
cost of land and housing production can make a significant difference.
(d) Sustainable communities. Communities need a combination of function
and amenity based on acceptable environmental standards. They need to be
sustainable by providing minimum service standards as well as from the point
of view of global climate change.
(e) Performance-oriented governance. Governance cuts across all modules. It
is the key to improving urban competitiveness and poverty reduction, to
providing shelter, and to the development of sustainable communities.
Improving efficiency, reducing wastage and corruption, and improving
coordination across all layers of bureaucracy are needed while taking into
account the decentralized structure of government.
Institutional Land Use Policies
119
120
Easements
Along Rivers and Creeks
Road Right-of-Ways
121
They shall always be kept free of any obstruction and only uses such as
vital utility lines and facilities ensuring road safety, visual clarity and
good streetscape shall be allowed.
Environmental Infrastructure
Drainage and Sewerage
122
123
124
125
6.3.2.1.2
126
6.3.2.1.3
127
128
6.3.2.2
129
6.4.2.3
130
6.4.2.4
DOH: R u l e s a n d R e g u l a t i o n s G o v e r n i n g t h e
131
132
SECONDARY
AND
TERTIARY
133
6.4.2.5
Guidelines In The Planning And Design Of A
Hospital And Other Health Facilities
A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to
observe appropriate architectural practices, to meet prescribed
functional programs, and to conform to applicable codes as part of
normal professional practice.
1 Environment: A hospital and other health facilities shall be so located
that it is readily accessible to the community and reasonably free from
undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor, flood, and shall not be located
adjacent to railroads, freight yards, children's playgrounds, airports,
industrial plants, disposal plants.
2 Occupancy: A building designed for other purpose shall not be
converted into a hospital. The location of a hospital shall comply with
all local zoning ordinances.
3 Safety: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and
maintain a safe environment for patients, personnel and public. The
building shall be of such construction so that no hazards to the life and
safety of patients, personnel and public exist. It shall be capable of
withstanding weight and elements to which they may be subjected.
3.1 Exits shall be restricted to the following types: door leading
directly outside the building, interior stair, ramp, and exterior
stair.
3.2 A minimum of two (2) exits, remote from each other, shall
be provided for each floor of the building.
3.3 Exits shall terminate directly at an open space to the outside
of the building.
4 Security: A hospital and other health facilities shall ensure the
security of person and property within the facility.
5 Patient Movement: Spaces shall be wide enough for free movement
of patients, whether they are on beds, stretchers, or wheelchairs.
Circulation routes for transferring patients from one area to another
shall be available and free at all times.
134
135
136
19.2 Second Zone areas that receive workload from the outer
zone: laboratory, pharmacy, and radiology. They shall be
located near the outer zone.
19.3 Inner Zone areas that provide nursing care and
management of patients: nursing service. They shall be located
in private areas but accessible to guests.
19.4 Deep Zone areas that require asepsis to perform the
prescribed services: surgical service, delivery service, nursery,
and intensive care. They shall be segregated from the public
areas but accessible to the outer, second and inner zones.
19.5 Service Zone areas that provide support to hospital
activities: dietary service, housekeeping service, maintenance
and motorpool service, and mortuary. They shall be located in
areas away from normal traffic.
20 Function: The different areas of a hospital shall be functionally
related with each other.
20.1 The emergency service shall be located in the ground floor
to ensure immediate access. A separate entrance to the
emergency room shall be provided.
20.2 The administrative service, particularly admitting office
and business office, shall be located near the main entrance of
the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be located in
private areas.
20.3 The surgical service shall be located and arranged to
prevent non-related traffic. The operating room shall be as
remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas
after changing to surgical garments. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patient movement.
20.4 The delivery service shall be located and arranged to
prevent non-related traffic. The delivery room shall be as
137
138
Notes:
1. 0.65/person Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
2. 5.02/staff Work area per staff that includes space for one (1) desk
and one (1) chair, space for occasional visitor, and space for aisle
3. 1.40/person Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
4. 7.43/bed Clear floor area per bed that includes space for one (1)
bed, space for occasional visitor, and space for passage of equipment
5. 1.08/stretcher Clear floor area per stretcher that includes space for
one (1) stretcher
6.4.2.6
139
Manila. 1997
District Hospitals: Guidelines for Development. World Health
6.4.2.7
Article 1: Introduction
Section 1:
140
6.4.2.7 .2
Section 3:
Program Description.
6.4.2.7 .3
Article V: Curriculum
Section 6:
Curriculum Description
141
Undergraduate Level
a. Pre-baccalaureate a stage of post-secondary study
usually ranging from one to two years leading to
associate/certificate and diploma; a preparatory level of
degree programs.
b. Baccalaureate This encompasses programs, usually four
or five years in length, leading to a Bachelors degree in a
given discipline or profession
142
2.
Graduate Level
a.
6.4.2.8.2
Section 26:
143
144
and
non-teaching
personnel,
all
higher
education
145
policies
on solid waste
(SW), in
overseeing
the
prohibition
on
non-
6.4.2.10
146
theDENRSecretary
concernedgovernmentagencies,
with
the
representatives
private
sector,
from
NGOs
andLGUs.
The Clean Air Act covers all potential sources of air pollution, to
wit:(1) Mobile Sources (eg. motor vehicles); (2) Point or
Stationary
Sources(eg.industrialplants);and(3)AreaSources(eg.woodorcoalbu
rning)
In order to achieve clean air, we need clean fuels. The CAA
provides for the complete phase-out of leaded gasoline; lowering of
the sulfur content of industrial and automotive diesel; lowering of
aromatics and benzene in unleaded gasoline.
Stationary sources must comply with the National Emission
Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP) and
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and must
secure
theirpermittooperate,priortooperation.Abusinessfirmisfinedofnotmo
rethanP100,000foreverydayofviolationuntilsuchtimethatstandardsar
emetorimprisonmentofnotlessthan6yearsbutnotmorethan10yearsup
onthediscretionofthecourt.ThePollutionAdjudication Board (PAB)
147
6.4.2.11
Statement System
Consistent with the continuing effort of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to rationalize and
streamline the implementation of the Philippine Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS) System established under Presidential
Decree (PD) No. 1586, Presidential Proclamation No. 2146
defining the scope of the EIS System and pursuant to
Administrative Order No. 42 issued by the Office of the President
on November 2, 2002, the following rules and regulations are
hereby promulgated;
Article I Basic policy, operating principles, objectives, and
definition of terms.
Section 1. Basic Policy and Operating Principles
Consistent with the principles of sustainable development, it is the
policy of the DENR to implement a systems-oriented and integrated
approach to the EIS system to ensure a rational balance between socioeconomic development and environmental protection for the benefit of
present and future generations.
The following are the key operating principles in the implementation of
the Philippine EIS System:
a. The EIS System is concerned primarily with assessing the direct and
indirect impacts of a project on the biophysical and human
environment and ensuring that these impacts are addressed by
appropriate environmental protection and enhancement measures.
148
149
150
6.4.2.12
151
The law aims to protect the countrys water bodies from land-based
pollution
sources
(industries
and
commercial
establishments,
shall
be
controlled.
152
6.4.2.13
6.4.2.13.1
Recreation Centers
to
Gymnasium
Shower and
Locker Rooms
153
Administration
offices
Staff offices
Club rooms
Rest Rooms
Arts and crafts
Kitchen
Lounge and
lobby
Sports
room
equipment
storage
can be used in any city or community. Typically ranges from 10,000 sq.
ft. to 20,000 sq. ft. Spaces of Type I can be found in Type II Recreation
Centres.
at the north and south. Maple flooring is commonly with the cork
spring clip expansion joint installed on all four sides. Minimum
dimensions should be 90 by 100 ft. with a minimum clear vertical
height of 22 ft. to permit a 50 by 84 ft. basketball court. The minimum
dimension should provide space for 325 spectators. Safety panelling
should reach a minimum of 12 ft. Windows are ideally placed above
the panels.
154
f.) Game rooms hosts billiards, table tennis, and other games
155
every floor.
floor; otherwise, must be accessible via elevator. 70 sq. ft. / person are
required. A minimum size of 1,600 sq. ft. to accommodate both the
activity and equipment is needed. Support spaces such as locker rooms
and toilets must be near. Office spaces for facilitating must be close
and must have constant surveillance.
installed on the walls. Barbell and weight racks must be attached to the
walls. Weight lifting area should be approx. 15 ft. by 15. ft.
Combined Guidance
will be taken from the study made by Sports England, a nondepartmental body under Englands department for Culture, Media, and
Sports.
156
6.4.2.13.1.2.1
Specifications
for
Multi-Sports
facilities
space. It forms the basis for modular spacing of courts. A sports hall
based on 4 badminton courts are sufficient to accommodate various
sports. 4-court halls have nominal dimensions of 34.5 (L) x 20.0 (W) x
7.5m (H) ; 5 court hall module have nominal dimensions of 40.6 (L) x
21.35 (W) x 7.5 (H) m being the minimum sizes for multi-sport
projects, depending on the range of sports to be accommodated.
6.4.2.13.1.2.1.1
4-Court
Modular
Configuration.
157
Figure 6.6.12.3.1.1
Improved accessibility
Enhanced Amenities
Increased awareness
158
6.4.2.13.1.4 Faade
Prominent Entrance
Well-articulated structure
Prominent Signage
Crisp detailing
The scale will depend on the size of the facility and the extent
Foyer and
reception
Offices
Integral
Equipment
Refreshment
Storage
Hall viewing
area
Changing and
toilet
with seating
Provision for
first aid
Plant room
Cleaners store
accommodations
Facilities for
disabled people
159
(1,200mm is minimum)
2,500mm width for sports chair areas is effective
2,000mm may be used with the provision of 2,500mm width
passing spaces 5m apart.
160
sports hall. Areas for play have higher clear vertical height. Rooms
which require natural lighting are also shown.
Figure 6.6.12.1.7
6.4.2.13.1.7 Sports Hall and Centre Planning
Basic space requirements have different planning guidelines
which must be followed for the space to be effective. The size of the
actual playing area will dictate the size of all other spaces.
6.4.2.13.1.7.1
Main Entrance
ample space for circulation, view notices, and lounge for waiting. Must
be designed to:
welcoming atmosphere.
6.4.2.13.1.7.2
Open design
6.4.2.13.1.7.3
with an access from the first floor. Smaller ones may utilize foldable
seats.
6.4.2.13.1.7.4
Changing Capacity
Aerobics and ancillary areas require one space per 5m2 10m2
6.4.2.13.1.7.5
staff to deter vandalism, while lockers placed in shower areas are more
convenient for users. In most cases, mixed placement is implemented.
6.4.2.13.1.7.6
6.4.2.13.1.7.7
Toilet Accommodations
6.4.2.13.1.7.8
6.4.2.13.1.7.8
80m2 100m2 is the norm for sports halls with a ceiling height
of 3.5m 4m.
6.4.2.13.1.7.9
6.4.2.13.1.7.9.1
External Facades
6.4.2.13.1.7.9.2
6.4.2.14
6.4.2.14.1
A. General Provisions
1. Accessible Ramps
features:
Figure 6.6.13.1.1
6.6.13.1.2
Figure
Figure 6.6.13.1.3
1.2.5 Level area not less than 1.80 m at the top and bottom of
any ramp.
of 100 mm.
Figure 6.6.13.1.4
1.3 Any ramp with a rise greater than 170 mm and leads down
Figure 6.6.13.1.5
of 0.6 for level surfaces and 0.8 for sloping surfaces (ASTM).
surfaces and have trim along the entire length of the exposed
edge;
stairs or ramps.
Figure 6.6.13.1.6
Figure 6.6.13.1.7
1100mm minimum, measured from the top of the rail to the finish floor
for ramps, balconies, landings or porches which are more than 750 mm
above adjacent grade. These shall be installed in addition to the
handrails required for accessible ramps (Section C, Item 2). (per NBC
Rule XII under Guard Rails.)
Figure 6.6.13.1.8
3.6. Handrails and grab bars that require full grip should have
length and around landings less than 2100 mm in length, except where
it is
4. Parking
for the unauthorized use of the reserved parking slots for vehicles of
PWDs.
that persons entering and exiting vehicles will be out of the flow of
traffic.
m.
6.5.
Case Studies
6.5.1
Beton
Hala
Waterfront
dRN
Architects
Figure 6.5.2
the Belgrades population who enjoys the outdoors and spend a lot of
time in public places throughout the year. This characteristic gives way
to propose an open occupation of the ground, an outwards facing
building. Restaurants, clubs, cafes, a multi-use auditorium and shops
have easy and continuous access to the platform and the Beton Hala.
The sole exception being The BH Gallery; the only program detached
from the ground, pursuing the more silent and controlled ambiance
required for such purpose. The roof ramps increase the public ground
area, making
attractive views of the city and the Sava River. The park towards
Kosancicev Venac is respectfully free of construction in an attempt to
draw the attention to the city skyline, where an enhanced pedestrian
communication over Karadjordjeva Street is proposed.
Figure 6.5.3
STRUCTURE The ramping volumes are formed by 5 compact
Figure 6.5.4
Figure 6.5.5
ENERGY
facing the Sava River have an internal space and a summer external extension
with sun-shading eaves.
glazing on the facades provides several effects: the BHWC white appearance;
translucent shades and depth effects; inverts the day-night manifestation of the
building; but most importantly, provides positive internal daylight values. The
depth plan is relatively narrow, proportioned to the facade height in order to
provide sufficient (+300 lumens) natural light to every corner. This is
reinforced by square lightwells in specific points of the building where the
floorplan depth is greater than required, which is also repeated in the parking
underground floors.
Figure 6.5.6
specified for the buildings fabric, having particular attention on the glazed
facades, which have to comply with very low energy transmission values (max
1.2 W/m2K). Particular attention has been paid to ensure the reduction of
thermal bridging to negligible values of y=0.03. The design also pays
particular attention to the minimization of heat loss, ensuring air tightness
levels of 1m3/h/m2.
1.2 Active strategies; energy generation Due to the Sava River vicinity,
implemented with LED technology and other low energy equipments such
CFL.
transportation hub. Schemes to encourage public access and bicycle use are to
be implemented. Part of the parking garage is proposed to be used as a car
pooling scheme to promote car share.
obtained locally. Both the building and the park are largely covered in stone
(limestone, granite, marble) preferably from national quarries. Our project
encourages the use of recycled materials such as the structural steel. Preferring
the local industry promotes the local area and diminishes the materials carbon
footprint. Low embodied materials such as timber are largely proposed in the
interiors. Timber has to be FSC certified.
6.5.1
Architects
with physical disabilities between the ages of 5 and 16 years. The facilities are
open to the public but will be used primarily by students of La Esperanza
School; thus the yellowish- green verde esperanza color of the exterior and
the word esperanza (hope) written on the bottom of the main pool. This is
the first structure of its kind in Puerto Rico.
The
design
The
design
focuses
on
The
cylindrical
project
accentuate
the
introverted
and
tranquil character of
the space creating a
relaxed
and
welcoming
atmosphere for the
therapies to occur. A
small stream of water
flowing into the main
pool, while working as part of the filtration system, also
generates a subtle splashing sound creating an atmosphere of
tranquility, relaxation and peace. In contrast to the bright
exterior the interior finishes are predominantly white and
neutral, keeping with the calming therapeutic nature of the
space.