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KeyTerms
TheAbsoluteValueofanumberisitsdistancefromzero.
AbsoluteValueisnevernegative.AbsoluteValuenotation:|2|
Example:
Find|2|
2is2unitstotheleftofzero,therefore,|2|=2
Find|2|
2is2unitstotherightofzero,therefore,|2|=2
Theopposite,orAdditiveInverse,ofanumberisthesame
distancefrom0onanumberlineastheoriginalnumber,buton
theothersideofzero.Thesumofanumberanditsadditive
inverseis0.
Example:
5+5=0
AdditiveInverse
Number
14+14=0
Zeroisitsownadditiveinverse.
Different Signs
Subtracting Integers
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
Adding Integers
Same Sign
Example:
2+7
(2) + (5)
|2| + |7|
2 + 7 = 9
2+7=9
Add the
absolute values
|2| + |5|
2 + 5 = 7
(2) + (5) = 7
Adding Integers
Different Signs
Example:
9 + 11
|9| = 9
|11| = 11
11 9 = 2
Answer = +2
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
Subtracting Integers
Example:
Solve
K
4
F
+
4 (8)
C
8
4 + 8 = 12
AddingIntegersonaNumberLine
1. Startatzero.Lookatthefirstaddend.
Ifitispositive,movetotheright
Ifitisnegative,movetotheleft
Theabsolutevaluetellsyouhowmanyspaces.
2. Nowlookatthesecondaddend.
Ifitispositive,movetotheright
Ifitisnegative,movetotheleft
Theabsolutevaluetellsyouhowmanyspaces.
3. Theansweriswherethelastarrowends.
Example:
6+(4)=2
4
+6
10
5 4
10
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
ModelingAdditionusingChips
YellowChipsrepresentPositiveNumbers.
RedChipsrepresentNegativeNumbers.
ApositiveandnegativechipcreateaZeroPair.
=0
+
Addingintegersusingchips:
1. Representeachaddendusingtheappropriatechips.
2. Createzeropairswithanypositiveandnegatives.
3. Countthechipsthatareleft.
Example1:
(3)+(4)=7
7negativechipsaltogether.
10
Example2:
5 4
10
(3)+(+5)=+2
2postivechipsleftafter
makingzeropairs.
+ + +
Example3:
9+(5)=+4
4postivechipsleftafter
makingzeropairs.
+ + + + + + + + +
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
ModelingAdditionusingNumberProperties
Youcanaddintegersbydecomposingnumberstoformadditiveinverses
thataddto0.Forexample,toadd8+10,youcanthinkof10as8+2.
8+10
= 8+(8+2)
AssociativePropertyofAddition
= (8+8)+2
AdditiveInverseProperty
= 0+2
IdentityPropertyofAddition
= 2
SubtractingIntegersusingaNumberLineandChips
Remember:
Subtractionistheinverseoroppositeoperationfromaddition.
Subtractinganumberisthesamethingasaddingitsadditiveinverse
oropposite.
Therefore,wecanrewriteallsubtractionexpressionsasadditionand
modeltheadditionexpressiononthenumberlineorwithchips.
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
Different Signs
Different Signs
Examples:
(2) * (4) = 8
2 * (8) = 16
4 2=2
4 (- 2) = 2
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
MultiplyingonaNumberLineandusingChips
Example 1:
+
+
+ +
+ +
8positivechipsaltogether
2x4=8
+4twotimeslandon+8
+4
10
5 4
+4
4
10
MultiplyingonaNumberLineandusingChips
Example 2:
2groupsof6chips
12negativechipsaltogether
2x6=12
12
6twotimeslandon12
12
Unit1RationalNumberSummary
Foranytwointegersaandb,
thedistancebetweenaandb
istheabsolutevalueoftheirdifference,|ab|.
Whataretwoexpressionsthatyoucanusetofind
thedistancebetween2and6?
|2(6)|
10
5 4
or
|62|
10
Howwouldyourewritethesetwosubtractionexpressions
asadditionexpressions?
|2+6|
or
|6+(2)|
Sothedistancebetween2and6is4.