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Words to know
Product
Associative Property
Commutative Property
Distributive Property
5,000 x 60
30,000
(3 zeros) (1 zero) (4 zeros)
Distributive
Property
Estimate
Factor
Equation
Things to Remember:
542 x 3
= (500 x 3) + (40 x 3) + (2 x 3)
= 1,500 + 120 + 6
= 1,626
Associative
Property
5,000
x 60
= 5 x 1,000 x 6 x 10
= (5 x 6) x (1,000 x 10)
= 30 x 10,000 = 300,000
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC A
(85 x 10) x 6 x 10
85 x 6 x (10 x 10)
85 x 6 x 10 x 10
85 x 6 x 10 x 10
77 x 30 x 10
(77 x 10) x 30 =
770 x 30
Tickets to a baseball game are $23 for an adult and $12 for a student. If 37 adult tickets and 325 student tickets were bought, about
how much money would it cost for everyone to attend the baseball game?
$23 x 37 adults $20 x 40 = $800
$12 x 325 children $10 x 300 = $3,000
$800 + $3,000 = $3,800
OR
$12 x 300
= 12 x (3 x 100)
= (12 x 3) x 100
= 36 x 100
= 3,600
$800 + $3,600 = $4,200
It will cost about $3,800 for everyone to attend the game. Or It will cost about $4,200 for everyone to attend the game.
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic B
Words to Know
Area Model
Standard Algorithm
Numerical Expression
Estimate
Product
Factor
Decompose
Things to Remember!!!
Standard Algorithm
Step-by-step procedure to solve a problem
Product
The answer when two or more numbers are multiplied together.
7 x 3 = 21
Factor
Factor Product
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC B
Draw using area model and then solve using the standard
algorithm. Use arrows to match the partial products from the
area model to the partial products of the algorithm.
To find the answer to this problem, first we represent units of 432.
Decompose 432 to make finding the partial product easier.
400 + 30 + 2
How many four hundred thirty-twos are we counting? (24)
Decompose 24 ( 20 + 4)
Multiply:
What is the product of 4 and 2? 8
What is the product of 4 and 30? 120
Continue recording the product in the area model.
Now add each row of partial products.
Solve using the standard algorithm. Compare the partial products
in the area model to the partial products in the algorithm.
1
400 + 30 + 2
4
1600
120
432
x 24
=1,728
1728
+8 6 4 0
1 0,3 6 8
Numerical Expression
Problem 1: 432 x 24
20
8000
600
40
=8,640
532 x 283
500 x 300
= 150,000
532
x283
1 1
1596
42560
+1 0 6 4 0 0
1 5 0,5 5 6
1
200
9
1,800
50
+ 7
450
63
257
x129
= 2,313
+
20
4,000
1,000
140
20,000
5,000
700
2313
1 5 1 4 0
+2 5 7 0 0
3 3,1 5 3
= 5,140
+
100
= 25,700
Peter has collected 15 boxes of football cards. Each box has 312 cards in it. Peter estimates he has about 6,000 cards, so he buys 10
albums that hold 600 cards each.
A. Did Peter purchase too many, not enough, or just the right amount of albums to hold his football cards?
Explain your answer?
Step 1: To solve this problem, first estimate the number of cards in each box. 312 closer to 300 than 400
Multiply the number of boxes times estimated number of cards in each box.
Note: You may round 15 to 20 and then multiply 300 x
20 which equals 6,000. Therefore you could say that Peter
has about 6,000 cards. Since both factors were rounded up,
the actual number of cards is less than 6,000.
312 x 15
300 x 15
= (3 x 100) x 15
= (3 x 15) x 100
= 45 x 100
= 4500
Peter has about 4,500 cards.
Step 2: Find the total number of cards the 10 albums hold altogether.
600 x 10 = 6,000
Step 3: Peter purchased too many albums to hold his football cards. He has about 4,500 cards and ten albums would hold 6,000 cards.
(Explanation could be justified by statement written in the note above.)
B. How many cards does Peter have? Use the standard algorithm to solve the problem.
1
312
x 15
1560
+ 3120
4,6 8 0 Peter has a total of 4,680 cards.
C.
2 albums
1,200 cards
3 albums
1,800 cards
4 albums
2,400 cards
5 albums
3,000 cards
6 albums
3,600 cards
7 albums
4,200 cards
8 albums
4,800 cards
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic C
Problem 1
Topic C.
x 10
3.5
x 54
35
x 54
140
+ 1750
1890
1890 10 = 189.0
Product
Estimate
Decimal Fraction
Factor
Standard Algorithm
Things to Remember:
A decimal fraction uses a point to separate the whole number part from
the fractional part of a number. Example: in the number 36.9 the point
separates the 36 (the whole number part) from the 9 (the fractional part,
which really means 9 tenths). So 36.9 is 36 and nine tenths.
189.0
54 x 3.5
Words to know
x 10
10
54 x 3.5
1890
If the decimal fraction has one place after the decimal, you multiply by
10. The digits will then shift one place to the left. The result is a
number that is 10 times greater than the original number. If the decimal
has two places after the decimal, you multiply by 100. The digits will shift
two places to the left. The result is a number that is 100 times greater
than the original number.
When a number is divided by 10, the digits shift one place to the right.
The result is a number that is as large as the original number. When a
number is divided by 100, the digits shift two places to the right. The
result is a number that is as large as the original number.
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC C
Problem 2
Round the factors to estimate the products. (Symbol means about)
Solve
7.5 x 52
8 x 50
= 400
17.6 x 22
18 x 20
= 360
95 x 3.3
100 x 3
= 300
Problem 3
Estimate the product. Solve using an area model and the standard algorithm.
Solve: 4.7 x 24
4.7 x 24
Estimation
5 x 20
= 100
Area Model
Standard Algorithm
4.7
x24
x 10
47
x 24
188
+ 940
1128
1128 10 = 112.8
tenths
160
28
= 188
800
140
= 940
40
4
+
20
1128 tenths
= 112.8
Pat rides his bike a total of 6.83 miles to and from school every day. How many miles does he ride in 25 days?
6.83 miles x 25 days
6.83 (x 100)
x 25
x 100
683
x 25
3415
+ 13660
17075
17075 100 = 170.75
25 x 6.83
100
17075
170.75
A. Courtney buys 79 protractors at $1.09 each and 32 composition notebooks at $2.19 each. About how
much money did she spend?
$1.09 per protractor x 79 protractors $1 x 80 = $80
$1.09 (x 100)
x 79
109
32 x $2.19
x 79
1 981
+ 7630
8611
8611 100 = $86.11 cost of protractor
$2.19 (x 100)
x 32
219
x 32
1 438
+ 6570
7008
7008 100 =$70.08 cost of notebooks
A kitchen measures 32 feet by 17 feet. If tile cost $7.98 per square foot, what is the total cost of putting tile in
the kitchen?
length
32 ft
w
i
d
t
h
32 ft x 17 ft =
17 ft
544 sq. ft
$7.98 (x 100)
x 544
798
x 544
3192
31920
+ 399000
434112
434112 100 = $4,341.12
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic D
Topic D.
Words to know
millimeter (mm)
milligram (mg)
centimeter (cm)
gram (g)
kilometer (km)
kilogram (kg)
inch (in)
ounce (oz)
foot/feet (ft)
pound (lb)
yard (yd)
ton
mile (mi)
cup (c)
liter (L)
pint (pt)
milliliter (ml)
quart (qt)
kiloliter (kl)
gallon (gal)
unit
1 foot = 12 inches
1 mile = 5,280 feet
1 centimeter = 10 millimeter
1 meter = 100 centimeters = 1,000 millimeters
1 kilometer = 1,000 meters
1 pound = 16 pound
1 gram= 1,000 milligrams
1 pint = 2 cups
1 gallon = 4 quarts
1 kiloliter = 1,000 liters
Convert.
a. 15 yd =__________ ft
yards to feet: big unit to small unit - multiply
3 ft = 1 yd
15 yd x 3 ft per yd = 45 ft
b.
________g = 18 kg
kilograms to gram: big unit to small unit - multiply
1,000 g =1 kg 18 kg x 1,000 g per kg =18,000 g
c.
16 gal=_______qt =________pt
gallons to quarts to pints: big unit to small unit to
smaller unit multiply twice
4 qt = 1 gal
1 qt =2 pt
16 gal x 4 qt per gal = 64 qt
64 qt x 2 pt per qt =128 pt
d.
_________fl oz = 6.32 c
cups to fluid ounces: big unit to small unit -multiply
8 fl oz =1 cup
6.32 c x 8 fl oz per c
= 632 hundredths c x 8 fl oz per c
= 5056 hundredths fl oz
= 50.56 fl oz
e.
9.54 g = ___________mg
grams to milligrams: big unit to small unit - multiply
1,000 mg = 1 g
9.54 g x 1000 mg per g
= 954 hundredths g x 1000 mg per g
= 954,000 hundredths mg
= 9540.00 or 9540 mg
Things to Remember!!!
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC D
Johns dog had 5 puppies! When John and his sister Peggy weigh all the puppies together, they weigh 4 pounds 1 ounce. Since all the puppies
are about the same size, how many ounces does each puppy weigh?
Answer: First, we need to put all of the puppies weight in the same units. We are looking for a final answer of ounces. So, we are converting from pounds to
ounces: big unit to small unit - multiply. 16 ounces = 1pound
4 pounds x 16 ounces per pound = 64 ounces
? oz
(weight of puppy)
? oz
(weight of puppy)
? oz
(weight of puppy)
? oz
(weight of puppy)
1 3
5
6 5
-5
1 5
-1 5
0
Susan is training to be in the Mrs. Fitness contest. She ran 3.75 km, swam 0.76 km, and biked for 23.2 km. Susan completed this routine three
times a week. How far did Susan travel in one week while training? Express your answer in meters.
Answer: First, we will convert from km to m: big unit to small unit - multiply. 1,000 m = 1km
3.75km x 1000 m per km =3,750 m
(Susan ran)
27,710m
x __ 3 (trainings in a week)
83,130m (total distance in one week of training)
Fast Mail charges $5.35 to ship a 2 lb-package. For each ounce over 2 lb, they charge an additional $0.18 per ounce. How much would it cost
to ship a package weighing 3 lb 8 oz?
Answer: First we need to see how many 2 pounds can be taken out of the total weight of the package.
3 lb 8 oz (weight of package)
- 2 lb 0 oz ($5.35 - cost for shipping 2 lb)
Now we need to convert our packages left over weight into the same unit of ounces.
1 lb 8 oz (left over weight)
Convert pounds to ounces: big unit to small unit (multiply) 16 oz = 1 lb
16 oz
+ 8 oz
24 oz ($0.18 per oz)
0.18 x 100 = 18
24 oz
x 18
192
+ 240
432
432 100 = 4.32
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic E
Topic E.
Words to know
multiples
dividend (whole)
quotient
divide
divisor
division
round
estimation
approximate ( )
basic facts
Things to Remember!!!
10
= 40
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC E
Divide.
a. 640,000 100
(shift two places to the right)
= 6,400
c. 27,000 90
=27,000 10 9
=(27,000 10) 9
(shift one place to the right)
= 2,700 9
= 300
b. 420,000 7,000
= 420,000 1,000 7
=( 420,000 1,000) 7
(shift three places to the right)
= 420 7
= 60
d. 350,000 500
= 350,000 100 5
= (350,000 100) 5
(shift two places to the right)
= 3,500 5
= 700
243 56
56 rounds to 60
b.
3,924 64
64 rounds to 60
630 90_
= (630 10) 9
= 63 9
= 7
e.
3,600 60
39 is not a multiple
= (3,600 10) 6 of 6, but 36 is and it is
= 360 6
close to 39, so the
= 60
dividend becomes 3,600
g.
8,391 38
92 rounds to 90
becomes 630
5,567 94
94 rounds to 90
f.
8 is a multiple of 4, so
6,300 70
= (6,300 10) 7
64 is not a multiple
of 7, but 63 is and it
= 630 7
= 90
i.
2,749 47
64 rounds to 60
48 is a multiple of
6, so the dividend
becomes 480
47 rounds to 50
2,500 50
27 is not a multiple
= (2,500 10) 5 of 5, but 25 is and it is
= 250 5
close to 27, so the
= 50
dividend becomes 2,500
5,400 90
55 is not a multiple
= (5,400 10) 9 of 9, but 54 is and it is
= 540 9
close to 55, so the
= 60
dividend becomes 5,400
h.
483 64
480 60
=(480 10) 6
= 48 6
= 8
73 rounds to 70
8,000
c.
63 is a multiple of 9,
so the dividend
6,438 73
38 rounds to 40
8,000 40
= (8,000 10) 4
= 800 4
= 200
633 92
6,205 27
6,000 30
= (6,000 10) 3
= 600 3
= 200
27 rounds to 30
6 is a multiple of 3,
so the dividend
becomes 6,000
Mrs. Henry spent $513 buying Christmas gifts for her 21 grandchildren. If all of the gifts were the same cost, about how much did she
spend on each gift?
21 rounds to 20
5 is not a multiple of 2, but 6 is and it is close to 5,
so the dividend becomes 600
$600 20
= (600 10) 2
= 60 2
= $30
Mrs. Henry spent about $30 on each gift for her 21 grandchildren.
Marcus has saved $3,345 working about 42 different home repair jobs. If he was paid about the same amount per job, about how much did
Marcus make at each different job?
Problem Solving Approach:
Marcus made about $80 at each of his different home repair jobs.
42 rounds to 40
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic F
Words to know
dividend (whole)
divisor
quotient
remainder
division algorithm
estimate
about ()
multiple
decompose
Things to Remember!!!
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC F
644 80
8R4
644
-640
4
80
80
x 8
640
640 + 4= 644
*************************************************************
Application Problem and Answer:
A shipment of 288 brochures was sent to the main rest areas in the
state of Louisiana. Each of the 30 rest areas in the state received
the same amount. After the brochures were distributed, were there
any extras? If so how many extra brochures were there?
(Cannot make a group of 30 with 2 hundred, so decompose 2 hundreds to
20 tens and combine with the 8 tens you already have. Now there is a total of
28 tens. Cannot make a group of 30 with 28 tens, so 28 tens is
decompose to 288 ones.)
288 30
270 30
= 9
9 R 18
30 2 8 8
-2 7 0
18
Step 1: Estimate
Step 2: Solve
Step 3: Check
30 x 9 = 270
There were 192 students at 4-H camp. The camp has 32 cabins. An equal number of students sleep in each cabin. How many students slept in
each cabin?
Strategy:
192 32
Can we make a group of 32 with 1 hundred? (No)
We decompose 1 hundred to 10 tens. There are already 9 tens, so there is a total of 19 tens. Can we make a group of 32 with 19 tens? (No)
We decompose 19 tens to 190 ones. There are already 2 ones, so there is a total of 192 ones. Can we make a group of 32 with 192 ones? (Yes)
Step 1: Estimate
Step 2: Solve
Round 32 to 30.
192 32
19 is not a multiple of 3 but 18 is and it is close to 19.
180 30
=6
6
32 1 9 2
-192
Step 3: Check
32 x 6 = 192
Bart was arranging his 823 baseball cards in a book that holds 24 cards per page. Bart divided 823 by 24 and got a quotient of 34 with a
remainder 7. Explain what the quotient and remainder represent.
24
34R7
823
-7 2
103
- 96
7
Answer: 823 is the total number of baseball cards, and the divisor, 24, is the amount of cards a page
holds. Therefore 34, the quotient, is the amount of pages that will be full in his book. The remainder
of 7 will be the amount of cards on the last page.
Erin made 1,695 chocolate fudge candies for her Christmas gifts. She put them in bags of 36 candies per bag. How many candy bags did Erin
give out? Did she have any candies left over? If so, how many candies were left over?
Strategy:
1,695 36
169 tens 36
160 tens 4 tens
= 40 (4 is placed in the tens place of the quotient)
After subtracting, there are 25 tens left. Can we make a group of 36 with 25
tens? (No) Since there are 10 ones in 1 ten, we compose 25 tens to 250 ones.
There are already 5 ones, so there is a total of 255 ones. Can we make a
group of 36 with 255 ones? (Yes)
Next division step
36
255 ones 36
240 ones 40
= 6 (6 is placed in the ones place of the quotient)
After subtracting, there are 39 ones left. Can we make a group of 36 with 39?
(Yes) So there are 7 groups of 36 in 255 and not 6.
Answer: Erin gave out 47 bags of candy. She had 3 candies left over.
36
4
1, 6 9 5
-144
25
46
1, 6 9 5
-144
255
- 216
39
36
47R3
1, 6 9 5
-144
255
- 252
3
Check:
47
36
282
+1 4 1 0
1,6 9 2
x
1,692
+ 3
1,695
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic G
Words to know
multiple
dividend (whole)
factor
quotient
divisor
approximate/estimate ( )
round
decompose
Things to Remember!!!
36 10
tens
3
ones
6
3
3.6
10
.36
10
.036
OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC G
2.4 60 =
Lets decompose
60 with 10 as a factor.
2.4 10 6
= (2.4 10) 6
= 0.24 6
= 0.04
10 x 6 = 60
Step 1:
Divide
2.4 by 10
Step 2:
Divide
0.24 by 6
2.4 6 10
= (2.4 6) 10
= 0.4 10
= 0.04
****************************************************
Divide. Show division in two steps.
0.36 90
0.36 90
= (0.36 10) 9
OR
= (0.36 9) 10
0.036 9
0.04 10
0.004
0.004
84.2 200
84.2 200
= (84.2 2) 100
OR
= (84.2 100) 2
42.1 100
0.841 2
0.421
0.421
****************************************************
Estimate the quotients.
1. 4.23 62
62 rounds to 60.
4.2 is a divisible by 6,
4.2 60
so, the dividend
= (4.2 10) 6
becomes 4.2.
= 0.42 6
=
0.07
2.
=
=
=
53.9 91
54 90
(54 9) 10
6 10
0.6
91 rounds to 90.
53 is not a multiple of 9,
but 54 is and it close to 53.
so, the dividend becomes
54.
At times you may have to extend the dividend to tenths and hundredths.
The weight of 35 identical toy cars is 844.2 grams. What is the weight of each toy car?
Strategy: 844.2 35
2
35 8 4 4 . 2
70
14
24
23
35 8 4 4 . 2
35 8 4 4 . 2
70
70
144
144
140
105
4
39
(We can get another group of 35 with 39; so we
2 4 1 2 hundredths
x 35
12060
72360
8 4 4 2 0 hundredths = 844.20
24.1
35 8 4 4 . 2
70
144
140
42
35
7
24.12
35 8 4 4 . 2 0
70
144
140
42
35
70
70
5
59 300.9
295
5
5.1
59 300.9
295
5 9
5 9
Check:
5.1 same as 5 1 tenths
x59
x59
459
2550
3 0 0 9 tenths = 300.9
MATH NEWS
Grade 5, Module 2, Topic H
Strategy Approach:
Step 1:
$1218
Words to know:
Model/Tape Diagram
Equation/Number Sentence
Units/Sections
Reasonableness
Solution/Answer
Step 2:
$1218
Things to remember:
1 hospital
OBJECTIVE OF TOPIC H
Equation:
1218 2 = 609
Saved
?
Step 3:
If half is equal to
$609.00, then the other
half is equal to $609.00.
$1218
$609.00
Saved
$609.00
$609.00
How many hours
does he need to
work?
Example 2:
Mr. Smith has 1354.5 kilograms of potatoes to deliver in equal amounts to 18 stores. 12 of the stores are in Lafayette. How many
kilograms of potatoes will be delivered to stores in Lafayette?
Strategy Approach:
1354.5 kg of potatoes
Step 1:
. . .
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
18
Stores in Lafayette
Equation:
1354.5 18 = 75.25
1354.5 kg of potatoes
. . .
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
18
1400 20
= (1400 2) 10
= 700 10
= 70
We can conclude that 75.25 does make sense since it is
close to 70.
*********************************************
Stores in Lafayette
Step 3:
1354.5 kg of potatoes
. . .
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
Stores in Lafayette
18