Heat Integration

For the heat integration, the decision of adding the heating systems to the process
is determined by the hot and cold streams. The hot stream are based on the product
stream and the by-product stream formed after the feed pass through the reactor.
On the other hand , the cold stream used are the cooling water and the
Problem Table Analysis is done to find the pinch point of the heat transfer condition:
CP = 7660 kJ/

25

78.76
CP = 11514kJ/

98.13

25

CP = 17285kJ/

24

65

CP = 15348 kJ/

24

65

From the diagram above, the proposed hot stream is the and, as the hot stream is
used to heat up the cold stream into desired temperature into the reactor to occur.
To determine the CP value for the calculation of Problem Table Analysis (PTA) , the
stream data taken from HYSYS is needed. The CP is determined from the simulation
is shown as the diagram above.
Take this condition in 1 hour of operation,
For PTA method, the interval temperature is needed. Thus the interval temperature
is found as:

=T T mean=T

T min
2

T
, where T mean is the arithmetic mean temperature difference for the heat
transfer to occur and T min is the minimum temperature difference for heat
transfer. The minimum temperature difference is 10 degree Celcius. The addition

and subtraction to the term is depends on the hot and cold stream , where addition
of temperature for cold and subtraction for hot.
The sample calculation for heat is done as below :

=T 5=T

10
2

T
The interval temperatures are found to be :
Hot
2

93.13
Hot
1

73.76

CP=17285

kJ

Cold
1

Cold 2

70.00
CP=1534
8

29.00

kJ

20.00
CP=7660

kJ

Construct the table as below :

( )

93.13

73.76

98.13 -73.76 =

70.00

19.37

CP=11514

kJ

CPcold CPhot
(kJ/ )

H (kJ ) =
CP cold CPhot

-11514

-223026.18

73.76-70.00=3.76

-7660

-28801.6

29.00

70.00-29.00=41.00

+551819

20.00

29.00-20.00=9.00

17285+1534811514-7660 =
+13459
-11514+(-7660)
= -19174

-172566

Using the Cascade Heat to find the pinch point.

0

93.13

=
-223026.18 kJ

+223026.18
kJ

73.76

=
-28801.6 kJ

+251827.78
kJ

70.00

29.00
H =
--172566 kJ

20.00

The amount of heat needed to

supply to the system for heat
transfer to occur is -299991.22 kJ.
This amount of energy is supplied
so that heat can move from heat
source to heat sink.
Hence a second cascade heat
diagram is constructed with
QH = 299991.22 kJ.

-299991.22
kJ

-127425.22
kJ

QH = 29999
1.22 kJ

93.13

H =
-223026.18 kJ

+503017.4

73.76

H =
-28801.6 kJ

+551819

70.00

H
29.00

=
--172566 kJ

The second cascade heat diagram

showed the hot pinch and cold
pinch being at 34 to 24
respectively.
The calculation is valid as the hot
and cold pinch temperature has a
minimum temperature difference of
1 0.00 .

20.00

Qc =
+172566

For heat exchanger Network , HEN

25

78.76

98 .13

25
30640 kJ
25.7726

414504 kJ
53.01
65

24

65

24

381161.6
kJ
53.83

46056 kJ

27

29.00
(Pinch point )

In this Heat Exchange Network it is found that the hot stream can be cooled
down completely from the cold stream. Yet to reach the desired temperature
parameter of the cold stream in order to allow the favorable condition for
reaction and process , the additional heat needed for the cold stream to
heat up until 65 degree Celsius. Hence , the Heat Pinch QH = 299991.22
kJ
Can be supplied to cold streams to reach that temperature.