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  • Fizik 2

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    AaronAlwyn
    6 просмотров14 страниц
    physics notes

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    physics notes

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате DOCX, PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    6 просмотров14 страниц

    Fizik 2

    Загружено:

    AaronAlwyn
    physics notes

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате DOCX, PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 14
    Care ce 1. Similar charges repel, opposite charges will attract each other. 2. Current, | - the rate of flow of charge. Q 2Q= arge (coulomb, C) 1 3. SI unit of current: ampere (A). 4. a. Electric field — a region whi forces. 5. Characteristics of electric field: (a) Rectangular shape of electrode — to produce parallel electri (b) Bigger electrode — to produce a stronger electric field (c) Distance closer between the electrode — electric field will be stronger (d) Higher magnitude power supply — to produce stronger electric field + [t >| > + - hy: (a) Heat energy from the candle flame produced ionization of the air molecules. (b) Positive & negative ions are form around the flame. (c) A bigger ponic of flame is attracted to negatively charged plate. (heavier +ve ions occupy larger proportion of the flame) (@) Positive ions are heavier & slower. (e) Movement of the positive ions towards the negative plate causes spread of the flame. a charged object experience a force / an area of electrical field 6. Shape of candle flame 1, Potential difference, V, between two points — work done / energy produced when one coulomb of charge is moved between the two points. workdone charge energyproduced Vv charge,O 2. SI unit of potential difference: volt (V). 3. Ohm's Law states that the current, /, flowing through a conductor is directly proportiona to the potential difference, V, across the conductor, if temperature and other physical conditions are kept constant. 4, The resistance, R, of a conductor - ratio of the potential di to the current, I, flowing through it. ference, V, across the conductor R= Fun = ohm(2) . Factors which can affect the resistance of a conductor are as follows: (a) Type of material (b) Length (c) Cross-sectional area (A) (d) Shorter length & bigger diameter of the wire produce a lower resistance. (e) Temperature. 6. Resistance, R, varies with temperature: (a) Superconductor — a conductor whose resistance deereases suddenly to zero when its temperature drops to a certain critical temperature. A 0 Temperature, 7. A bird perched on a high voltage cable: (a) Body of the bird is parallel to the wire (b) The resistance of the bird’s body is much higher than that part of the wire (c) The current passing through the bird’s body is very small (d) The bird does not experience an electric shock 1, Series Cireuit (a) Current flows in one path only (b) Current flowing through each resistor is the same *The effective resistance in series > in parallel (d) IFR increases, effective resistance will increase and the current will decrease. 2. Parallel Circuit (a) Current can flow through more than one path T=141,41, Example 1: (d) Bulb produces the brightest light when in parallel. (c) Number of bulbs increases the reading of ammeter increases. (f) If R increases, the effective resistance will decrease & the current will increases. (g) Have internal resistance (h) When one of the bulbs has blown, the other bulbs still light up. 3. Circuit diagram: (a) Example 1: (torchlight containing 2V cells) dry coll +H. votrister ammeter ady cots Oil switch 4, Calculation Example 1: (a) Effective resistance (b) Reading of the ammeter. V=iR 6=1Q) 1=3.04 (c) Find value I, &1, port 1, Electromotive force, E of a dry cell - work done to move one coulomb of charge flo through the complete circuit. EnergySuppliedByCell Charge.O Electromoveforee( Emf)) = 2. Unit = volt. 3. The voltmeter must be connected in parallel with the battery to determine the electromotive force of a battery. 4, The internal resistance, r: (a) The resistance af tl lontralute inside the all voltmeter o dry call, Er yy 1 a 7 ‘witch K R Equation: £ = + Ir V = potential difference across the cell I= current r= internal resistance of the cell 6. Calculation Example: (a) Reading of ammeter: B=1(Rer) M440, 2 = 0.44 0.4(4) = L6V * VY

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