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FOR THE
MODEL 190-A
METER
--CURUA
:r
~~lQ~)' ltI,~
U. S. A.
Printed in U.S.A.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I.
II.
III.
3.'1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Section I-DESCRiPTION.............................
Section II-SPECiFiCATIONS
General
Installation............................................
Operating Hints and Cau.tions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Methods of Connecting Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating and Measuring Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
4
4
6
6
IV.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
General...............................................
RF Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Measuring Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
V.
10
11
11
12
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
General...............................................
Placement of Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Voltmeter Errors at High Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Errors Due to Residual Impedances Internal to the Q Meter..
VI.
Section VI-MAINTENANCE
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
General......................................
Removing the Instrument from its Cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Replacement of Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments and Calibrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Power Supply Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Trouble Shooting
-2-
12
12
13
14
18
18
18
20
23
24
SECTION I
1.1
DESCRIPTION.
SECTION II
2.1
SPECIFICATIONS.
FREQUENCY
Total Range .... 20 to 2GO mc (continuously
variable)
Bands
Four: 20 to 40 mc
40 to 80 mc
80 to 160 mc
160 to 260 mc
Calibration
Tolerance .... -+- 1 %
Q MEASUREMENTS
Total Range .... 5 to 1200
Q Voltmeter
Scale
50 to 400 (direct-reading)
LO Q Scale
10 to 100 (drrect-reading)
XQ (Multiplier)
Scale
0.5 to 3.0
Measurement
Tolerance at
XQ = 1
51)'c (of full scale) to 100
mc, increasing to -+-12 % (of
full scale) at 200 me.
DIFFERENCE (~Q) MEASUREMENTS
Range
0 to 100 (direct-reading; also
used in combination with
XQ multiplier factor)
INTERNAL RESONATING CAPACITOR
Range
7.5 p.p.f to 100 ILp.f (direct.
reading)
Calibrations .... 0.1 Itp.f increments
Control Knob
Rotation ..... 11 turns
Calibration
Tolerance .... Below 20 l.tILf: -+-0.2 ILILf
Between 20 and 50 p.p.f:
-3-
-+-0.3 p.p.f
BOONTON
Between 50 and 100
-+-0.5
RADIO
CORPORATION
w = 2 7T f
C = capacitance in farads
L = inductance in henries
R = resistance in ohms
fJ-fJ-f:
fJ-fJ-f
TUBES
Quantity
Types
Six
Two 5718 (V100, V-101, oscillator tubes)
Two 9005 (V-102, XQ voltmeter diode; V-103, Q voltmeter diode)
One 12AT7 (V-200, Q meter
amplifier)
One OB2 (V-300, voltage regulator tube)
POWER SOURCE - 190-A
Voltage
90 to 130, internally regulated
Frequency
60 cps only
Power required .. 55 watts
POWER SOURCE - 190AP
Voltage
115/230, not internally regulated
Frequency
50-60 cps
Power required .. 40 watts
DIMENSIONS
Length
13 % inches
Width
10 inches
Height
10 inches
WEIGHT
25 pounds
SECTION III
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
3.1
GENERAL.
3.2
INSTALLATION.
3.3
CAUTIONS~
-4-
LO Q
KEY
Q VOLTMETER
SET X Q
XQ
CONTROL
KEY
(OSC. OUTPUT)
FREQ.. CONTROL
6Q
KEY
POWE
SWITC
TERMINALS
BOONTON
RADIO
In connecting specimens to the instrument terminals, tighten the binding posts securely to minimize
contact resistance. When two components are connected
in series between the binding posts, the floating joint
should also be made as tight as possible, preferably
by soldering.
The placement of components with respect to each
other and to ground becomes especially important as
the frequency increases. In making comparative measurements of several specimens, keep the lead lengths equal
and mount the specimens in the same relative position
each time. To obtain precise measurements of a component which will later be used in an equipment, it may
be desirable to mount it in the same position relative
to ground which it will occupy in the equipment. Slight
differences in placement may result in considerable
variations of Q, capacitance, and resistance.
When making measurements which involve a small
difference in' Q values, it is advantageous to use the
ClQ feature of the instrument to obtain maximum
accuracy. The relative sensitivity of the ClQ and Q scales
is 4: 1, affording greater ease and precision in reading
small difference values on the ClQ scale.
3.4
CORPORATION
HI
COil
LO
GND
There are three basic methods of connecting external components to the measuring circuit of the Model
190-A for Q measurement. The method which will be
employed in a given case depends upon the impedance
to be measured.
3.4.1 COILS.
Most coils are measured by connecting the coil
directly to the COIL terminals on top of the instrument,
as shown in Figure 11I-2(a). The measuring circuit,
which includes the coil, the internal Q capacitor, and
the Q vacuum tube voltmeter, is then resonated by
adjusting either the frequency or the capacitance and
the indicated circuit Q is read on the panel meter.
HI
CAP
COIL
HI
HI
HI
ITYPE
590 A!
GND
LO
CAP
COIL
GND
LO
-6-
L __I_
w"C
Effective Series Resistance
s -
R s = wCQ
10
(1)
(2)
-7-
BOONTON
RADIO
CORPORATION
TABLE III-I-A
FORMULAS FOR CALCULATING IMPEDANCE PARAMETERS
FROM PARALLEL AND SERIES MEASUREMENTS
Column 1
Column 2
Effective Q of Unknown
Effective Q of Unknown
Q = Ql Q2 (C2-C1)
AQC 1
(4)
R
P
Ql Q2
wC1 AQ
(5)
(6)
W(C 2 -C1 )
=
W
(9)
~1 Ql-Q2
(10)
wC1 Ql Q2
R s -
Q = 91-.S!2'(C1-C2)
C1 Ql- C2Q2
Effective Series Resistance of Unknown
X = (C 1 -C 2 )
s
WC 1 C2
(11)
(7)
(C 2 -C 1 )
L = (C1 -C 2 )
2
W C 1 C2
Effective Series Capacitance of Unknown
C
(8)
(12)
C1C 2
(C2 -C1 )
(13)
TABLE 1II-1-B
FORMULAS RELATING EQUIVALENT SERIES AND PARALLEL COMPONENTS
General
Formulas
Formulas for
Q greater
than 10
C. = Cp
Formulas for
Q less
than 0.1
General
Formulas
Formulas for
Q greater
than 10
Rs = Rp
R p = R s (1+Q2)
Rp = R.Q2
X S = X p Q2
X = X 1 + Q2
XI' = X.
L. = Lp Q2
L = L
C = Cp
Q2
Cp
-c
-
-8-
Q2
1 + Q~
Q2
L.
Q2
1 +Q2
Cp
C.
Formulas for
Q less
than 0.1
-9-
BOONTON
RADIO
CORPORATION
10 MEGOHMS
SECTION IV
4.
0.75 MEGOHMS
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION.
4.1
The BRC Model 190-A Q Meter divides functionally into three major sections: an r-f section, a measuring section and a power supply.
Figure IV-l shows in simplified form the basic
principle upon which the instrument operates. The
diagram shows that what is actually measured is the
ratio between the voltage developed across the capacitive
portion (C) of the resonant test circuit and the voltage
injected into the circuit (across L-106).
400 OHMS
200 OHMS
35 OHMS
15 OHMS
20
FREQUENCY IN M.e.
GENERAL.
Q -_ ~ -_ Vc
R
e
250
into the test circuit and Vc is the voltage measured across the capacitor at resonance. c is maintained
at 0.01 volt; therefore, 100 Vc will be equal to the
circuit Q and the meter can be calibrated to read Q
directly. This has been done in the 19O-A. In the
equation. above, X is the reactance of either the capacitor
or the inductor, the values being equal at resonance;
R is the sum of the resistances of the unknown and of
the internal circuit, and the resultant Q reading is that
R t.,A./!","',,".,_
HI
~
lo
HI
.J
h
. th
"InJecte d
,were
e IS
e voi
tage
/1
~-
"i-
I
I1____
OSC TANK
100:1 ATTEN.
Ll00
C104
THRU
Ll03
I V~ I =
XR
I Vc I =,IX c =
IX I
= l.r = Q
FIG. JI1 BASIC OPERATING PRINCIPLE
-10-
MEASURED VOLTAGE e
DEVElOPED ACROSS Ll06
4.2
RF SECTION.
4.3
MEASURING SECTION.
-11-
BOONTON
RADIO
4.4
POWER SUPPLY.
CORPORATION
SECTION V
5.
5.1
5.2
PLACEMENT OF COMPONENTS.
-12-
Q METER
MODEL 190-A
Obviously shielded inductors should be used or
the component should be placed so as to minimize the
coupling between it and the inductor. .
5.2.3 The importance of lead length can be illustrated by noting that the lead inductance of a capacitor
will make the effective value of the capacitance at high
frequencies (Ce) greater than the low frequency value
(C) in accordance with the formula
C
C. = l - w2 LC
(5-1)
L
.044p,h
.024
.016
C.
14.9 p,p,f
11.8
10.9
9.4
Q correcte d
1.065
1.09
a correction of -2.25 %.
1.30
/
/- Q=
1.25
1.20
J
10-
<oJ
:z:
;::::
/ /
1.15
Ql::
Ql::
<oJ
Q= 50 or XQ = 2.0
/ / I
/ / /- Q=
/ / ~ Q=
<oJ
.....
25 or XQ = 4.0
1.10
/ /V / / V~ 0.
1.05
I--""":
20
100 or XQ =1.0
200 or XQ =0.5
400orXQ=.=0.25
~~~
=---
30
50
(5-2)
......
Ql::
100
200
300
MEGACYClES
FIG, Tt CORRECTION FOR VOLTMETER TRANSIT TI ME ERROR
-13-
BOONTON
5.4
RADIO
CORPORATION
HI
HI
R,
1 (~+
G,. ) -- .h.(:Ci2
a"
(wC)2
LO
Q X --
GND
Ri
Li
.J!Ll.
R
1l.4)R,=w~Q=R+[Rr+R,+(~C)2(~+ G,.)]
r
1
G, ]
(S4a):;L[ = R + LR i + R,. + (OJ CF
1
503) L. w"C
L + fL; + q
HI
HI
G"
R
The term
LO
R"
GND
(w~)2 (~~ + Gv )
(w~)2 (~~ +
(o?fl
Q Meter Readings
C
Q
30
fLfLf
250
Calculate
XQ
9.42 X 108
l/ wC
35.3
-14-
10.0
"I'
9.0
/.
;//
8.0
7.0
6.0
/
~'
4.0
::>
3.0
APPRX. GT
= 0.033 fmc
umho
"
"
2.0
/
I'
~V
GT
1.0
~//
0.6
//
//
0.7
0.5
V/
-C
0.8
5.0
0.9
I
II
0'"
/' /
~
0.4
V,,"
0.3
G"
FOR VOLTMETER
Go
= 0.0167 fmc
umhos
0.2
20
30
40
50
60 70 80 90 100
fin m. c.
Fig. Y-3 Internal Conductances
-15-
150
200
250
300
BOONTON
RADIO
CORPORATION
(Li + Lc)
Ls -
0.0375-0.0028
Ri + Rc
(WGF
(0.0008 + 0.0004h/150
(35.3}2 X 5 X 10-6
n
0.0147
0.0062
I =
For the purpose of an analysis of parallel measurements, it is convenient to convert the series elements
between points A-B of Figure V-2 into equivalent
parallel elements and to use Thevenin's theorem to convert the circuit to the left of points A-B to an equivalent
constant current source. The result is shown in Figure
V-6, where L' and G' represent the equivalent conductance and parallel inductance of R + Ri and L + li
respectively. The constant current I is given by:
0.0347 ",h
(5-3)
A correction of -8%.
Total series resistance (Equation 5-4a).
1
1
35.3
Rs = -- . -- = -- = 0.145
wC
Q
244
GT
5.4.4
e
e
(R+Ri) + jw (L+Li) ::::: w(L+Li)
(5-6)
The approximation is accurate to better than 1 %
if the Q of the working indu{;tor is greater than 10.
From the equivalent circuit of Figure V-6, it is
easily shown that, for a capacitive unknown, its equivalent parallel capacitance is given by:
w~
Cp = CIaI - C2a2
(5-7)
Where the subscripts 2 and 1 refer to the values with
the unknown connected and disconnected respectively.
If C2 is greater than Cl> the unknown is inductive and:
100 uuf
1.50
lc - 0.0014 uh
1.40
1
a-~ll.C
I
I/
15 uuf
(Eq. 55)
//
1.30
50 uuf
/ 1/ V
1// /
V
1.20
1.10
~v
I---"
1.00
20Ne
./
co
t:::=::::L----I..---
-16-
25 uuf
[::?'
100
50
Fig. YS
v/
7 [7
200
10-
10 uuf
300
w2(C2a2-C,a,)
5-8
The conductance of the unknown is given by:
Q Meter Reading
G x = wC,a , (
Q: -~~) + R
cw
(~a,2 -
C2 (
Q,
C,
23.25
F
150mc
C2
13.1
307
R cw 2(C,a, -
Adding,
Total correction
1.03
1.025
297
Cprrected Q2
253
Equation 5-7: Cp
This differs by
C, -C 2= 10.15
23.95 - 13.43
+ 3.5 % from
= 0.0004y'150
X (9.42 X 10 8 )2(23.95 2-13.43 2 )
X 10-2
0.017 X 1(}--6
"
GND
LI' =
Ce
"e (67)
1
I.,e ((e "e -
G, = (.)
(I 0'1
'" (I'
(I "I) (6-8)
( o~".. -
0,= ~ =
~
)
U, +
[Rl' w~ (~~
~a:2)
10.52 fJopJ
1 "I
HI
=C
Calculate:
C,a,
9.42 X 108
23.95
2 )
+ Gv(a~ - a; ')
(5-9)
The first term on the right is equivalent to Equation
(5 Table III-1A) except for the a'S which are due to
the "tapping down" of the unknown on the circuit because of ~he inductance of the contacting fingers Lc.
The term in brackets is due to the change in the
losses in Rc and G v due to variations in C. This term
disappears if the unknown is a pure resistance and
C, = C2. It is negative for an inductive unknown.
The HI and GND binding post residuals are
charged to the unknown and it may be necessary to
correct for them. The inductance, L n , will generally
be small compared with the lead inductance of the
unknown and correction for it is seldom necessary. If
the unknown has a very high Q, correction should be
made for R n as illustrated in the following example.
CI'
XQ
-~
)
(~O'~ + G, (O'I~
0'/ )
1
G, ,,) Ll' (610)
(69)
BOONTON
RADIO
Principal term,
9.42 X 10 8 X 23.95
X 10-12( 1.025 _ 1.0~)
253
297
13.15 X 10--6
Then
13.15 X 10-6 + 0.042 X 10-6 = 13.19 X 10-6
In this case the correction term in brackets was
negligible.
The correction for R B is made by finding the
equivalent lead conductance and subtracting this from
Gx
G B = R B (wC x )2
Gx
771
Qx = 724, an error of -6 %.
SECTION VI
MAINTENAN,CE
6.1
GENERAL.
NOTE:
CORPORATION
to be impaired it is recommended that the instrument
be returned to the factory. Maintenance operation beyond the scope of this section should be referred to the
factory. Some of the specific troubles requiring factory
attention are listed in the following paragraphs.
6.1.3 Factory Repair Operations.
Repair, adjustment or replacement of the items
listed below require that the equipment be returned to
the factory.
a. Oscillator coils (Figure VI-I).
b. Oscillator turret assembly (Figure VI":"l).
c. Q Capacitor (Figure VI-I).
d. Transmission line.
6.2
REPLACEMENT OF TUBES.
6.3.1
GENERAL.
Any of the six electron tubes in the Type 190-A
Q Meter can be replaced with unselected tubes with the
exception of the Q voltmeter diode (V-103, type
.9(05). If replacement of this tube becomes necessary
a selected one should be obtained from the manufacturer.
When any tube, except the voltage reference tube
(V-300, type OB2) is replaced, recalibration is required to maintain full accuracy of the instrument. The
procedures are described in this section. All components
mentioned here are shown in Figures VI-2 and VI-3.
6.3.2 Replacement of Oscillator Tubes V-100 and/or
V-101 (Type 5718).
-18-
Q CAPACITOR
Q. CAPACITOR
AND CEARINC
METER
F'REQ.. RANCE
TURRET
BOONTON
RADIO
d. Replace with new tubes and resolder all connections. Make sure the new tubes are oriented in the
same manner as those removed and that the leads are
as short as possible. Use as little solder as possible, and
avoid cold-soldered joints.
e. Replace the oscillator cover plate and four
screws.
6.3.4
CORPORATION
these two resistors which are nearest tbe tube (V-200).
This connects the two grids together.
c. Turn the SET XQ knob fully counterclockwise
to decrease the oscillator output to zero.
d. Adjust potentiometer R-208 (left-hand shaft
with rear of instrument facing 0 server) (Figure Vl-2)
for a zero meter indication. If the balance condition is
beyond the range of the potentiometer, the tube sections are too unbalanced for use in the instrument.
Replace with another 12AT7 tube.
e. Remove the strap between resistors R-206 and
R-210.
6.4.2
AC vacuum-tube voltmeter, 0.01-100 volts, accuracy I % at 100 kc over the entire scale.
General:
a. Adjust the mechanical zero of the meter before
the power is turned on.
-20-
V-I03
R-208
C 103
TUBE
COMPENSATION
R 214
V-tOO
R218
-21-
V-IOI
OSCILLATOR
COVER
SCREWS
R-215
R A 0 I 0
v 200
Q. ZER O - CONTROL
SET
X Q.
CONTROL
....3!:=-'...L...---=~
A Q.8ALANCE
CONTROL
R 210
R 206
L300
f 301
VR 300
f 300
ot u ':t)
A power supply check may be made if the equipment appears to 'be operating erratically and no other
fault is apparent. All the important voltages may be
conveniently checked between the pins of the power
BOONTON
RADIO
CORPORATION
TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART
Possible Cause
No meter indication of V-200 (12AT7) doc voltmeter amplifier faulty.
any kind.
Switch failure (panel spring
retained) Meter failure.
Symptom
HI
,
100 KC
:
I.
-.
~.
SIGNAL
'!
190-A
VIVM
I I
SOURCE
METER
GND
MEASURED AT VALUE
Regulated
dc voltage
High dc
voltage
Ripple on
high dc
Diode fil.
voltage
Other fil.
voltage
TOLERANCE
Pin 8
107 v dc
+lv
Pin 7
200 v dc
+10v
Pin 7
50 mv ac, max.
Pin 3
6.0 v ac
0.6v
Pin 1
6.3 v ac
+0.6v
Instruments Required:
DC voltmeter, 0-250
more.
~olts,
TROUBLE SHOOTING.
General:
"
-24-
Yl00
5718
(100
.001
liD 1
r .' J
COIL
J -'
rr--------~~
(104A
l104 '
l105
Rll0
(104B
(101
5 uuf
(AP
100
(103
.3-3 uuf
\.-
~
'='
(114
1500 uuf
- --
r---~N\I'--
(105 1(.113
.001 uf I-'"'"i
(107
'='1500 uuf
(106
.001 uf
__S.I_0_1 ..='.a--=o-==.O_Ol_~~~=-=-~_---=....;.~
....:::
-- ,-----....- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 . . - . 105 Y
_
....J
Rl09
....l~~ 15
(109
.001 uf
=r..J,:,
R. F. SECTION
Yl03
9005
(108
Yl02
9005
11"---------.
R203
4K
== (110
--
.001uf
-RBI
7K
--
--
R222
470
R201
150 K
R204
200
(OARSE
U. V. M.
~Q
S201A
..
R205
15
FINE
t.Q
Q
r-----n
~Q
R200
3K
XQ
S200A
Q ZERO
R202
3K
------
T300
POWER SUPPLY
fLlJOO
F301
6.0 V
.33 A
l300
5 hy
6.3 Y
.
YR300
HOO
-.-
.75A
R300
75
R301
2K
105 Y
l
(R300
(302
60 uf
S300
(R301
Y300
OB 2
(301
60 uf
-25-