Dell E525 Operation

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation
Chapter 6 Principle of Operation CONTENTS

1. Telephone System......................................................................................................6 - 1
1.1 Converting and Sending Voice in the Form of Electrical Signals..................................................... 6 - 1
1.2 Analog and Digital Signals ............................................................................................................... 6 - 3
2. Telephone Call Connection Mechanism.....................................................................6 - 6

2.1 Analog Telephone Network.............................................................................................................. 6 - 6
2.2 Telephone Call Connection Mechanism .......................................................................................... 6 - 7
3. Terminology..............................................................................................................6 - 10
4. FAX System (Overview) ...........................................................................................6 - 11
5. Unit Mechanisms ......................................................................................................6 - 13
6. FAX Standards (ITU-T Recommendations)..............................................................6 - 16
7. Fault Isolation Procedure for FAX ............................................................................6 - 17
7.1 Fault Occurs................................................................................................................................... 6 - 17
7.2 Send Fault...................................................................................................................................... 6 - 17
7.3 Receive Fault ................................................................................................................................. 6 - 18
8. Other Problems ........................................................................................................6 - 19

9. Functions of SCANNER ASSY.................................................................................6 - 20
9.1 Document Scanning....................................................................................................................... 6 - 20
9.2 Document Scanning at Platen (IIT)................................................................................................ 6 - 21
9.3 Document Scanning at Auto Document Feeder (ADF).................................................................. 6 - 22
10. Paper Path (IIT) ......................................................................................................6 - 23

10.1 Paper Path of ADF....................................................................................................................... 6 - 23
11. Functions of Major Functional Components (IIT) ...................................................6 - 25

11.1 Image Input Terminal (IIT) ........................................................................................................... 6 - 25
11.2 Auto Document Feeder (ADF) ..................................................................................................... 6 - 28
11.3 Electrical ...................................................................................................................................... 6 - 33
11.3.1 Electrical .............................................................................................................................. 6 - 33
11.3.2 Data Flow............................................................................................................................. 6 - 34
12. Control (IIT) ............................................................................................................6 - 35

12.1 Document Scanning Steps .......................................................................................................... 6 - 35
12.1.1 AOC (Auto Offset Control) ................................................................................................... 6 - 35
12.1.2 AGC (Auto Gain Control): White Level Variation Adjustment .............................................. 6 - 35
12.1.3 Shading Compensation........................................................................................................ 6 - 35
12.2 System Configuration................................................................................................................... 6 - 36
13. Drive Transmission Route of ADF Motor (IIT) ........................................................6 - 37

13.1 ADF Motor.................................................................................................................................... 6 - 37
14. Paper Path (IOT) ....................................................................................................6 - 39

14.1 Paper Path ................................................................................................................................... 6 - 39
14.2 Layout of Paper Path ................................................................................................................... 6 - 40
14.3 Feeding from Cassette................................................................................................................. 6 - 41
14.3.1 Multiple Sheet Feed Prevention........................................................................................... 6 - 42
14.4 Feeding in Registration Section ................................................................................................... 6 - 43
14.4.1 Lead-edge Registration........................................................................................................ 6 - 44
14.5 Transfer/Fusing/Exit..................................................................................................................... 6 - 45
Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual
Draft issue 2014.11.17
Chapter 6 Principle of Operation CONTENTS

15. Functions of Major Functional Components (IOT)..................................................6 - 46
15.1 Paper Cassette ............................................................................................................................ 6 - 46
15.1.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 46
15.2 Paper Feeder ............................................................................................................................... 6 - 48
15.2.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 48
15.3 Regi Assy..................................................................................................................................... 6 - 50
15.3.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 50
15.4 Process Control ........................................................................................................................... 6 - 52
15.4.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 52
15.5 LPH ASSY ................................................................................................................................... 6 - 53
15.5.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 53
15.6 Dispenser..................................................................................................................................... 6 - 54
15.6.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 54
15.7 XERO DEVE ASSY ..................................................................................................................... 6 - 55
15.7.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 55
15.8 Transfer Belt & Fusing ................................................................................................................. 6 - 57
15.8.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 57
15.9 FUSING & EXIT ........................................................................................................................... 6 - 58
15.9.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................... 6 - 58
15.10 Drive........................................................................................................................................... 6 - 60
15.10.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................. 6 - 60
15.10.2 Full Color Mode and B/W Mode......................................................................................... 6 - 61
15.11 Electrical .................................................................................................................................... 6 - 63
15.11.1 Major Functions ................................................................................................................. 6 - 63
15.11.2 Data Flow........................................................................................................................... 6 - 66
16. Operation Modes / Consumables ...........................................................................6 - 67

16.1 Operation Modes ......................................................................................................................... 6 - 67
16.2 Replacement Timing of Consumables Parts................................................................................ 6 - 68
16.2.1 Types of Consumables Parts............................................................................................... 6 - 68
16.2.2 Replacement Timing of Consumables ................................................................................. 6 - 69
17. Control (IOT)...........................................................................................................6 - 70

17.1 Process Control ........................................................................................................................... 6 - 70
17.1.1 Potential Control .................................................................................................................. 6 - 70
17.1.2 Toner Density Control .......................................................................................................... 6 - 71
17.1.3 High Area Coverage Mode .................................................................................................. 6 - 71
17.1.4 Admix Mode ......................................................................................................................... 6 - 71
17.1.5 ADC Sensor Adjustment ...................................................................................................... 6 - 71
17.2 Color Registration Control............................................................................................................ 6 - 72
17.3 Fusing Control.............................................................................................................................. 6 - 73
17.3.1 Fusing temperature control .................................................................................................. 6 - 73
17.3.2 Cooling down ....................................................................................................................... 6 - 73
17.3.3 Sensor Warm-up.................................................................................................................. 6 - 73
18. Drive Transmission Route ......................................................................................6 - 74

18.1 DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH .............................................................................................................. 6 - 74
18.2 TONER DISPENSER (Y, M, C, K)............................................................................................... 6 - 82
Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)
1. Telephone System
1.1 Converting and Sending Voice in the Form of Electrical Signals
The human voice is a sound wave; in other words, air vibrations. Conversation between two people
results when such vibrations travel through the air and reach each other's ears. A string telephone
transmits the air vibrations generated between two people along a string stretched tight, thus allowing
conversation over a distance. In this system, a paper cup at one end of the string receives the air
vibrations, which are then transmitted along the string. A paper cup at the other end of the string
transmits them back to the air, so that they again become again audible sound waves.
A telephone is a device that replaces the vibrations transmitted by string with electrical signals. The two
paper cups correspond to microphone and speaker and the string to the telephone line. Because
electrical signals travel over the telephone line at a high speed with minimal attenuation, the telephone
enables conversation over great distances.
Voice is changed into electrical signals using electromagnetic induction, a process by which electrical
signals are generated by vibrating a coil in a magnetic field. Both the microphone and speaker exploit
this process. The microphone transduces sound into electrical signals using electromagnetic induction
that occurs at a moving coil coupled to a diaphragm picking up air vibrations.
On the other hand, the speaker functions in the reverse manner, transducing electrical signals back to
air vibrations. Therefore, its construction is basically the same as that of a microphone. Electrical
signals passing through a coil in the magnetic field vibrate the coil, which in turn vibrate the air to
reproduce the voice.

61
String telephone
Hello
Hello
Vibration
Telephone
Hello
Hello
Electrical current
S
Diaphragm
Diaphragm
Microphone
Speaker
Electromagnetic induction
b
Magnet (N polarity)
a
Magnet (S polarity)
a. The coil in the magnetic field is vibrated.
The magnetic field around the coil is altered.
b. An electric current (alternating current) is generated in the coil.
Gnb06021KA
These electrical signals are analog signals that fluctuate in response to the volume of the voice.

62
1.2 Analog and Digital Signals

An electrical signal generated by the telephone's microphone is an analog signal. The waveform of this
analog signal fluctuates responsive to the voice volume. When the voice is loud, the amplitude
(voltage) increases; when soft, the amplitude decreases. When the voice is high-pitched, the frequency
(number of vibrations) increases; when low-pitched, the frequency decreases.
A signal whose values change in a continuous manner with time like this is called an analog signal. In
contrast, a digital signal is a set of values that change with time in a discrete instead of continuous
manner. In other words, an analog signal is like a hill. A digital signal is like stairs.
A digital signal is a series of values obtained by sampling a continuous analog signal at a certain
required rate. For example, when sampling is by time, the rate is once a second, millisecond, etc.
Because the sampling reduces the amount of data along the time axis, the converted signal is
compressed and smaller in data size. Thus, once digitized, the signal information is thinned out
compared to the original analog signal.
Moreover, digital signal transmission is performed by dividing a continuously changing electrical signal
according to a certain rate of time, then converting each division to a value of 1 or 0, depending on
whether it is greater or less than a specified threshold value. Compared to an analog signal, a digital
signal offers precise data exchange because the only change that must be handled is that between 1
(high voltage) and 0 (low voltage) with respect to a standard value (the threshold value).

63
Analog signal
Voltage
Time
The signal is converted to 1 or 0 depending on

whether it is higher or lower than a threshold value.
In other words, the waveform is quantified.
Voltage
Higher = 1
Threshold value
Lower = 0
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
Time
Digital signal
Voltage
1
0
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
Time
Gnb06022KA

64

The difference between analog and digital signals can be easily understood by
comparing analog measuring instruments, such as clocks and scales with their
needles and gradations to digital gauges that display results as a value. An analog
instrument with a continuously moving needle, can, at least in theory, be read
beyond the decimal point to infinitely small divisions (12.47253... g, 35.1864... g,
etc.). A digital instrument, however, can only display results to the minimum
necessary decimal place (12.5 g, 35.0 g, etc.).
Conversion of an analog signal to digital signal is called AD conversion. The

reverse is called DA conversion. Image data read by a FAX is a digital signal in
which 0s and 1s are assigned according to whether or not there is black in the
squares of a paper surface divided into a grid. FAX communications that use an
analog telephone network perform DA conversion before transmitting the scanned
image from the phone, and AD conversion before printing the received data.

65
2. Telephone Call Connection Mechanism

2.1 Analog Telephone Network
To make a telephone call, the calling party and called party each must have a telephone set
(telephone). These telephones must be connected by a transmission route. The transmission route
includes switches located in central offices. The route itself comprises various components such as
metallic cable and optical cable. The entire transmission path between the two telephones is called an
analog telephone network.
An analog telephone network comprises the following four parts:
Analog Telephone Network Configuration
Telephone set
Switch
Subscriber line
Switch
Transmission route
Telephone set
Subscriber line
Gnb06023KA
Switching Equipment Network

Tandem switch
Telephone set
Local switch
Local switch
Tandem switch
Telephone set
Tandem switch
Local switch
Local switch
Telephone set
Telephone set
Gnb06024KA

66
2.2 Telephone Call Connection Mechanism

1)
When the handset is lifted, the hook switch is activated and a transmission signal (400Hz/48VDC),
called a dial tone (DT), is sent from the local switch. The dial tone is audible at the handset
speaker, indicating that the calling party can start dialing.
2)
Entering the telephone number by rotating the dial or pushing the buttons transmits the number to
the local switch.
There are two types of telephone line corresponding to the two ways of
transmitting the phone number. They are known as dial types. Most recent
telephones can automatically distinguish the dial type.
One type is "Pulse Dialing (PD)", also called "Dial Pulse (DP)". After the rotary dial
on a dial phone is rotated, the dial returns to its original position. While returning,
the electric current is interrupted (dividing the signal into pulses) the number of
times corresponding to the number dialed. The switch derives the number from the
number of pulses. When the pulse repetition rate is ten pulses per second, it is
referred to as 10PPS (Pulses Per Second), when twenty, 20PPS.
The other type is a method known as "Tone Dialing (TD)", formally called "DualTone Multi-Frequency (DTMF)". Each button on a push-button phone is assigned a
unique pair of frequencies (the "tone"), from which the switch derives the number.

67
Pulse Dialing & Tone Dialing

Pulse dialing
"3, 5, ...... "

5 .........
Switch
Tone dialing
"3, 5, 2, ...... "
2 .........
Switch
DTMF matrix
697Hz
770Hz
852Hz
Low
frequency
941Hz
1209Hz 1336Hz 1447Hz
High frequency
Gnb06025KA
3)
The switch connects lines according to the transmitted number.
4)
When a connection between local switches is established, the local switch of the called party
sends a ringing signal to the telephone of the called party. The telephone that receives the ringing
signal emits its ringtone. At the same time, the called party's local switch sends a ring back tone
(RBT) to the calling party's telephone to indicate that a connection to the called party has been
established.

68

5)
When the called party's handset is lifted, activating the hook switch, the local switch on the called
party side receives a response signal and stops sending tones to the calling and called parties.
This is when a communications path is established between the both parties.
Connecting Out-of-Town Calls

a. Lift the handset
1) Dial tone
Local
Switch
Tandem Tandem Local

Switch
Switch
Switch
Calling party
Called party
b. Dial the number

3) Lines are automatically connected.
Connection established
2) Phone number
c. Calling
4) Ringing
signal
4) Ring back tone

d. Line established
Hello
Hello
5) Response
signal
Communications Path is established.

Gnb06026KA

69
3. Terminology
Line Types
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network): Analog telephone network.
If there is no switch on site, set the line type to PSTN.
PBX (Private Branch Exchange): On-site switch that connects multiple analog telephones to a
single line to establish an in-house phone system.
If there is a switch on site, set the line type to PBX.
Dial Types
Tone (Push) Dial/Pulse Dial (10PPS)/Pulse Dial (20PPS): See 2.2 Telephone Call Connection
Mechanism
Other
Branch Connection: To connect multiple telephones to a single line in parallel. Telephones and
FAXes may not function properly in this configuration.

6 10
4. FAX System (Overview)

A FAX (abbreviation of facsimile) is a device that sends and receives image data using either an analog
or a digital telephone line. The following describes the analog line system (For G3, see 6. FAX
Standards).
The three basic units of a FAX are the scanner (for reading the image), the control circuit, and the
printer.
The scanner splits the image into a fine grid, then reads the brightness (white/black) of each cell. This
operation is called scanning. The white/black information is converted to a digital signal: bright cells
become 1, dark cells 0.
The digital signal from a scanned image is subjected to DA conversion (modulation) by the control
circuit to enable transmission over an analog telephone line. After conversion, the data is sent as an
analog signal. The sound audible during transmission is image data that has become an analog signal,
that is, an audio signal.
The analog signal arriving over the telephone line is then subjected to AD conversion (demodulation)
by the control circuit of the receiving FAX machine, and restored to a digital signal.
The black/white information obtained from the AD conversion is sent to the printer, where black cells
are reproduced on the paper at the positions where they were on the original.
FAX System (Overview)

Image scanner
Control circuit
Scanning
DA
conversion
Telephone line
Control circuit
Printer
AD
conversion
Printing
Original
Printing
Digital signal
Analog signal
Digital signal
Gnb06027KA

6 11

Blank Page

6 12
5. Unit Mechanisms
Scanner
The SCANNER consists of the Image Input Terminal (IIT) and the Auto Document Feeder (ADF).
Document scanning is performed by the Carriage Assy in the Image Input Terminal.
A CCD Image Sensor is a light-receiving element that produces an electrical signal in response to
light.
The white areas of the original document reflect the light from the lamp. The black areas reflect no
light. The CCD Image Sensor read the light reflected from the original, outputting sequentially to the
control circuit which areas are white and which black as binary data (1/0 digital data: 1 bit).
To scan the original, the Carriage Assy (CCD Image Sensor Unit) must be shifted a
distance of one line after each line is scanned. When the original is scanned on the
platen glass (as for a flatbed scanner), the Carriage Assy is moved with respect to
the original. In the case of a FAX equipped with the ADF (Automatic Document
Feeder), scanning via the ADF is performed by moving the original with the
Carriage Assy fixed at one position. This is known as constant velocity transport
(CVT).
During scanning, the finer the grid into which the original is divided, the greater the
scanning precision of the original image. For a G3 FAX (normal mode: G3 Normal),
scanning is performed at the resolution of 8 divisions per millimeter (200 dpi) in the
horizontal direction and 3.85 divisions per millimeter in the vertical direction. This
means that the 200 dpi in-line Carriage Assy is shifted approximately four times per
millimeter in the vertical direction. For an A4 original, the data amounts to
approximately two million pixels. In the high-quality mode (G3 Fine), scanning
resolution is 8 divisions per millimeter in the horizontal direction and 7.7 divisions
per millimeter in the vertical direction, where the data amounts to approximately
four million pixels. As resolution increases, the amount of data also increases,
lengthening the transmission time.
Control Circuit
The control circuit executes scanning of image data by controlling the image scanner. A line of CCD
Image Sensor scans the original image one line at a time. When scanning of one horizontal line is
completed, the next line below is scanned. As this continues, the original is scanned from end to end
one line at a time and converted to digital data as black-and-white information.
Because this image data is a set of digital signals, it cannot be transmitted using an analog
telephone line. It must be subjected to DA conversion (modulation). On the other hand, the receiving
FAX machine must perform AD conversion to restore the incoming digital data to analog data.
DA conversion, analog signal transmission, analog signal reception, and AD conversion are all
performed by a modem (modulator/demodulator) in the control circuit. A modem consists of a
network control unit (NCU) for connecting to the telephone line and an A/D conversion unit for
performing DA and AD conversions.

6 13
FAX System (Detail)

Scanner
Original
Scanning
Original
Black becomes 0,
white 1 creating ...
111111
100001
101111
LED
CCD Image
Sensor
Digital signal
Control circuit
Image
Digital data
Modem
DA
conversion
(modulation)
A/D conversion
unit
NCU
Sending FAX
Analog signal
Telephone line
Control circuit
Receiving FAX
Modem
NCU
AD
conversion
(demodulation)
A/D conversion
unit
Printer
Digital signal
Print
Printing
PeH406028XA

6 14

After the telephone number is entered, the NCU automatically performs steps 1 and
2 of the line connection procedure described in 2.2 Telephone Call Connection
Mechanism.
If on the receiving end, step 6 is automatically performed to answer.
The following is the line connection procedure between two FAXes based on the steps 1 to 5 of 2.2
Telephone Call Connection Mechanism. At the receiving FAX, step 6 is also automatically performed.
1)
When an AT command (a modem control command) is sent from the control circuit to the modem,
the hook switch is activated, and a state is obtained that is identical to that when the handset of a
telephone is lifted. A dial tone (400Hz/48VDC) is sent from the local switch. The modem's speaker
emits the dial tone as an audible sound.
2)
After image scanning, the telephone number (a previously stored number, number entered by
pressing phone buttons, etc.) is automatically dialed and transmitted to the local switch.
3)
Steps 3, 4, and 5 for establishing a connection via the switches are identical to those for telephone.
6)
The receiving party's FAX automatically answers when it receives the call signal, and the hook
switch is activated. The local switch on the receiving party side receives a response signal and
stops sending tones to the sending and receiving parties, thereby establishing a communications
path between the both parties.
In the case of a telephone call, only voice conversion between the two parties follows. For FAX,
preparation for delivery of image data is required that includes the following types of exchanges:
The sending FAX indicates that the transmission is a FAX transmission.
The receiving FAX indicates that it is ready to receive and also its communications capacity.
The sending FAX then sends data in accordance with the receiving FAX's communications capacity.
Once mutual preparation is completed, image data sending and receiving is started. Image data is
modulated into an analog signal by the A/D converter at the sending FAX, then sent from its NCU.
Image data received by the NCU of the receiving FAX is demodulated into a digital signal by its A/
D converter and then sent to the control circuit. When image data reception is completed, the FAX
automatically disconnects the line (hook is OFF).
In summary, the NCU automatically executes a series of such operations from hook switch ON to
hook switch OFF.
The control circuit also retains other important functions such as data
compression and memory. With data compression, any part of the scanned image
data that consists of continuous white or black pixels is encoded into a single
element, thus compressing the volume of data.
Memory temporarily stores data during transmission and reception.

6 15

Printer
The printer prints image data from the control circuit onto the surface of paper. The principle is the
same as that of an ordinary printer in that black is applied to specified locations on the paper.
6. FAX Standards (ITU-T Recommendations)

International FAX standards (ITU-T recommendations) include G1 to G4. G1 to G3 use analog
telephone networks. G4 uses a digital telephone network (ISDN). G3 is the standard currently in
greatest use. FAXes conforming to Super G3, a recently added standard, are equipped with a fast
33.6kps modem and reduce transmission times to about half those of G3 FAXes.
Standard
Year Issued
Minimum
Transmission
Time for SinglePage A4
Document
Maximum
Resolution
Maximum
Transmission
Speed
First standard.
Analog transmission.
No band compression
technology
Analog transmission.
Band compression
technology adopted.
Group 1 (G1)
1968
Approx. 6 min.
100 x 100dpi
(Analog)
Group 2 (G2)
1976
Approx. 3 min.
100 x 100dpi
(Analog)
Group 3 (G3)
Group 4 (G4)
1980
1988

Approx. 1 min
(14.4kbps)
Approx. 3 sec
(33.6kbps)
Approx. 3 sec.
600 x 600dpi
400 x 400dpi
6 16
14.4kbps
(Super G3:
33.6kbps)
Features
Connection to analog line

using FAX modem.
Image data in digital
format.
Data compression.
Most common standard in
use.
Digital transmission.
Supported by various
64kbps
digital transmission
(Using ISDN)
services.
Halftone supported.
7. Fault Isolation Procedure for FAX

Because a FAX is composed of multiple blocks, pinpointing a fault is problematic.
This section describes a simple fault isolation procedure that is based on the contents of 4. FAX
System (Overview).
7.1 Fault Occurs

First, try using the copy function. If the copy function's printing results are correct, the probability of a
fault in the FAX itself is low. The fault is likely in the telephone line or receiving FAX. If the fault is in the
telephone line, first retry sending. If there is no improvement, contact the telephone company. If the
copy function's printing results are incorrect, it can be determined if the fault is in the scanner or printer
by operating each unit separately via a computer.
7.2 Send Fault

1)
Problem with printing quality at receiving FAX, such as corrupt image, lines in image, top/bottom
cut off.
a) If copy function is normal
Cause: Degraded telephone line connection caused by noise, etc.; or a fault in receiving FAX's
printer.
Corrective Action:
Determine whether fault is in telephone line or at receiving FAX by trying copy function at
receiving FAX.
If the telephone line condition is degraded, white horizontal lines, missing rows,
and/or cut-off top/bottom may occur.
Branch connections or incoming call (call waiting) may also cause image
corruption.
b) If copy function is faulty
Cause: Dirt or fault in scanner.
Corrective Action:
Clean platen glass or repair scanner. If the original is being sent from the ADF, try executing
a copy with the original placed on the platen glass. If this solves the problem, the fault is in
the ADF.

6 17

2)
Cannot dial
Cause: Incorrect connection. Incorrect setup of dial type and/or line type.
Corrective Action:
Correct the connection. Reset the dial type and/or line type to correct settings.
Branch connections or incoming call (call waiting) may also cause image
corruption.
7.3 Receive Fault

1)
Problem with printing quality, such as corrupt image, lines in image, top/bottom cut off.
a) If copy function is normal
Cause: Degraded telephone line connection caused by noise, etc.; or a fault in sending FAX's
scanner.
Corrective Action:
Determine whether fault is in telephone line or at sending FAX by trying copy function at
receiving FAX.
Branch connections or an incoming call (call waiting) may also cause image
corruption.
b) If copy function is faulty
Cause: Dirt or fault in printer.
Corrective Action:
Clean all parts of printer or repair printer.
2)
Does not emit response signal

Cause: Incorrect connection. Incorrect setup of dial type, line type, and/or reception mode.
Corrective Action:
Correct the connection. Reset the dial type, line type, and/or receive mode to correct
settings.
If a call is made to the FAX from a telephone, and the FAX does not emit its ringing
sound, a telephone line fault is highly probable.

6 18
8. Other Problems
Branch Connection (Parallel Connection)
During FAX reception, if the handset of another telephone on a branch connection is lifted, the
received image may be corrupted or a transmission error may occur. Branch connection may also
interfere with caller identification, call waiting, the receiving operation of connected telephones.
Call Waiting
If a call comes in during FAX sending/reception, as with branch connections the image may be
corrupted.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
DSL, a high-speed digital transmission method using existing telephone lines, has several types.
These include ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) with differing upstream and downstream
transmission speeds, SDSL (Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line) with symmetrical upstream and
downstream transmission speeds, and VDSL (Very high bit rate Digital Subscriber Line) which
features higher speed. However, because the line is used for both voice and data transmission,
various problems may occur, such as noise during spoken conversation, low sound volume, and
mis-dialing. Replacing the splitter may improve the situation.
Noise
If electronic equipment (television, computer, microwave, etc.) or devices equipped with motors are
located near a FAX, noise from them may degrade the line condition.
Also, a telephone line, acting as an antenna, may absorb electric waves generated from wireless or
broadcasting equipment.
Because FAX data is audio data, the line quality affects the quality/stability of image data as well as
that of conversation.

6 19
Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Scanner)
9. Functions of SCANNER ASSY

9.1 Document Scanning
The SCANNER ASSY consists of the Image Input Terminal (IIT) and the Auto Document Feeder (ADF).
Document scanning is performed by the Carriage Assy in the Image Input Terminal.
The Carriage Assy consists of components such as the CCD Image Sensor for converting image to
data, the LED Array for illuminating the original, and the Rod Scope for converting the original image to
a full-size erect image.
ADF
Carriage Assy
IIT
Document
LED Array
Rod Scope
CCD Image Sensor
KaA06001KB

6 20
9.2 Document Scanning at Platen (IIT)

While the Carriage Assy in the IIT moves at the speed corresponding to the set magnification, the LED
Array illuminates the document, allowing the reflected image to be read by the CCD Image Sensor
through the Rod Scope.
Document
Carriage Assy
ADF
Carriage Assy
IIT
Document
LED Array
Rod Scope
CCD Image Sensor
KaA06003KC

6 21
9.3 Document Scanning at Auto Document Feeder (ADF)

When the document being fed by the torque from the ADF Motor at the speed corresponding to the set
magnification passes the Scanner Home Position (CVT: Constant Velocity Transport) of the Carriage
Assy in the IIT, the LED Array illuminates the document, allowing the reflected image to be read by the
CCD Image Sensor through the Rod Scope.
CVT Position
ADF
IIT
Document
Carriage Assy
Document
LED Array
Rod Scope
CCD Image Sensor
KaA06004KC

6 22
10. Paper Path (IIT)

Refer to "14. Paper Path (IOT)" for Paper Path of IOT.
10.1 Paper Path of ADF

When the sheet feeding from the Document Feeder Tray of the ADF starts, the Nudger Roll and the
Feed Roll that rotate driven by the torque from the ADF Motor. The sheet is nipped between the Feed
Roll and the ADF Separator Pad while being fed into the ADF.
Inside the ADF, the sheet is fed by the Takeaway Roll that rotates by the torque from the ADF Motor to
the Scanner Home (CVT: Constant Velocity Transport) Position in the Carriage Assy, and is scanned.
After being scanned, the sheet is ejected to the Document Output Tray of the ADF by the Exit Roll that
rotates by the torque from the ADF Motor.
: Paper transfer
: Paper sensors
Feed Roll
Nudger Roll
Takeaway Roll
Feed Sensor
Exit Roll
Document Sensor
ADF Separator Pad
Home Position (CVT Position)

6 23
KaA06005KA

Blank Page

6 24
11. Functions of Major Functional Components (IIT)

The sections below describe the functions of main components of the scanner.
Refer to "15. Functions of Major Functional Components (IOT)" for the function of Major Functional
Component of IOT.
11.1 Image Input Terminal (IIT)
11.2 Auto Document Feeder (ADF)
11.1 Image Input Terminal (IIT)

- PWBA ESS AIO 4IN1 (PL7.1.9)
The ESS is the print controller of the printer. The PWBA ESS AIO 4IN1 connected to the PWBA MCU
MC02KC controls the entire system (diagnostic, interface, image processing, etc.).
- PWBA SWIFT FAX (PL7.1.14)
A PWB for controlling the FAX interface.
- CONSOLE ASSY AIO 4IN (PL8.1.8)
Allows the user to view the printer status or execute operations via the LCD, LED, and buttons.
- PWB ASSY USB FRONT (PL7.1.11)
A PWB for controlling the USB interface.

6 25
CONSOLE ASSY AIO

Carriage Assy
Scanner Home
Position Sensor
Carriage Motor
PWBA ESS AIO
PWBA FAX
PWB ASSY USB FRONT

6 26
PeH406098KA
11.2 Auto Document Feeder (ADF)

- Document Sensor
A sensor that detects the presence or absence of a document on the ADF Document Tray.
- Cover Open Sensor
A switch that detects whether or not the ADF Top Cover is open.
- Feed Sensor
The Feed Sensor is installed immediately downstream from the Feed Roll to detect completion of
document feed.
- ADF Motor
The ADF Motor rotates the Nudger Roll, Feed Roll, Takeaway Roll, Regi Roll, and Exit Roll.
Feed Sensor
Document Sensor
ADF Motor
Cover Open Sensor
KaA06007KA

6 27

Blank Page

6 28

- Document Stopper
When the document is loaded in the ADF, the sheet cannot go any further because the Document
Stopper is locked by the Document Stopper Follower that is hooked onto the Cover Top ADF.
When the ADF starts feeding, the upstream end of the Pickup Assy rotates downward (Refer to
The Stopper on the Pickup Assy lowers the Document Stopper Follower (Refer to
).
), allowing the
Document Stopper Follower to be released from the Cover Top ADF. This also allows the lead edge of
the sheet traveling in the feeding direction to go forward by displacing the Document Stopper upward.
When the sheet feeding is completed, the Pickup Assy returns to its original position, hooking the
Document Stopper Follower onto the Cover Top ADF to lock the Document Stopper again.

6 29
<When the document is loaded>
<When the document is fed>

Document Stopper Follower
Pickup Assy

Cover Top ADF
Stopper
(Pickup Assy)
Paper
Document Stopper
Document Stopper
Paper

Document Stopper
KaA06008KA

6 30

- Pinch Roll Assy
The Pinch Roll Assy is normally pressed against the direction of the Takeaway Roll by the spring
pressure.
Documents are fed through between the Pinch Rolls and the Takeaway Roll to the CVT Window by the
rotation of the Takeaway Roll.
If a jam occurs between the Pinch Roll Assy and the Takeaway Roll, it is hard to retrieve documents
due to the high spring pressure of Pinch Roll Assy.
In order to retrieve jammed documents, open the Cover Assy TOP ADF to release the spring pressure,
and make enough clearance between the Pinch Rolls and the Takeaway Roll.

6 31
[ Close COVER TOP ADF ASSY ]
[ Open COVER TOP ADF ASSY ]
COVER TOP ADF ASSY
COVER TOP ADF ASSY

Link
Link
Pinch Roll
Pinch Roll
Takeaway Roll
Spring
Spring
Pinch Roll Assy

Takeaway Roll
6 32
KaA06009KA
11.3 Electrical (IIT)

11.3.1 Electrical
Refer to "15.11 Electrical (IOT)" for the Electrical of IOT.

6 33

11.3.2 Data Flow
The image data from the document set on the IIT or ADF goes through the following components
before it is printed at the Engine section.
Document
CCD Image Sensor (Scanner Assy)

Scanner
Engine
Controller (PWBA ESS AIO 4IN1)
LPH (LED)
Drum (CRU)
PeH406010XA

6 34
12. Control (IIT)

Refer to "17. Control (IOT)" for Control of IOT.
12.1 Document Scanning Steps

A CCD Image Sensor is used to read image data from the document. To ensure stabilized image
reading, the CCD Image Sensor output is adjusted. Adjustment includes Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
and Automatic Offset Control (AOC).
Reference data for adjustment is collected and used to perform compensation on the read image data.
Compensation includes shading compensation, white variation compensation, and black variation
compensation. These adjustment and compensation steps are described below.
Reference data is obtained by reading image data from a white reference plate via the CCD image
sensor.
12.1.1 AOC (Auto Offset Control)
AOC is performed by turning off the Exposure Lamp after AGC. This state is read by the CCD Image
Sensor as the black reference value, which is used to adjust CCD Image Sensor output. (The order of
AGC and AOC adjustment depends on the model.)
12.1.2 AGC (Auto Gain Control): White Level Variation Adjustment
During AGC, the Scanner ASSY is moved to the position of the white reference plate, and the Exposure
Lamp is illuminated. The light reflected from the white reference plate is read by the CCD Image Sensor
as the white reference value, which is used to adjust CCD Image Sensor output.
12.1.3 Shading Compensation
Shading compensation compensates for pixel-by-pixel sensitivity variations and the nonuniformity of
lamp light in the fast scanning direction. The AGC and AOC adjustment values are used to compensate
for the image data read by the CCD Image Sensor.

6 35
12.2 System Configuration

The PWBA ESS AIO 4IN1 controls the FAX, Scanner, and ADF. FAX and copy operations are
performed according to data entered at the operation panel.
The following figure shows the system configuration.
Drive Signal
ADF
Sensor / Motor
PWBA ESS AIO 4IN1
Sensor Signal
PWBA SWIFT
FAX
Drive Signal /
CCD Clock
Scanner
CCD PWBA / Motor / Sensor / Lamp
Telephone
Line
Sensor Signal
RGB
Image Signal
YMCK
Message Siganl /
Drive Signal
Control Panel
Switch / Display / LED
Switch Signal
Command
Status
Image Signal
PWBA MCU MC02KC
PeH406011XA

6 36
13. Drive Transmission Route of ADF Motor (IIT)

13.1 ADF Motor
Rotation power of the ADF Motor is transmitted through the route below.
[ ADF PAPER FEED DRIVE ]
[ Name of moving parts ]

ADF Motor
GEAR Feeding Deceleration
GEAR Idler
GEAR Idler
GEAR Pickup Deceleration
GEAR Exit Deceleration
GEAR Takeaway Roll
GEAR Exit Roll
GEAR Shaft
[ Takeaway Roll ]
[ Exit Roll ]
[ Feed Roll ]
GEAR Pickup Roll
GEAR Idle Pickup
GEAR Idle Pickup
GEAR Idle Pickup
GEAR Pickup Roll
[ Nudger Roll ]
COVER ASSY TOP ADF
PeH406012XA

6 37
[ ADF PAPER FEED DRIVE ]

: Indicates the engagement of gears.
GEAR Shaft
[ Feed Roll ]
GEAR Pickup Roll
ADF Motor
[ Nudger Roll ]
GEAR Idle Pickup
GEAR Pickup Roll

GEAR Feeding
Deceleration
GEAR
Takeaway Roll
GEAR Pickup
Deceleration
[ Takeaway Roll ]
GEAR Idler
GEAR Exit
Deceleration
GEAR Idler
GEAR
Exit Roll
[ Exit Roll ]
FRONT
PeH406013XA

6 38
14. Paper Path (IOT)

14.1 Paper Path
Multiple Sheet feed

Prevention
Cassette
Motor drive / Solenoid /

Feed Roll
Lead edge
registration
Regi Assy
Motor drive / Clutch /
Regi Roll
Belt Assy IBT
Motor drive / Belt /
2nd BTR
Fusing Assy
Motor drive / Heat Roll /
Pressure Belt
Exit Roll in the Fusing Assy
Top Cover
PeH406099KA

6 39
14.2 Layout of Paper Path

: Paper transfer
: Paper sensors
Exit Roll [Fusing Assy]

Exit Sensor [Fusing Assy]
Belt [Belt Assy IBT]
Heat Roll [Fusing Assy]

Pressure Belt [Fusing Assy]
2nd BTR
Regi Roll (rubber)

[Regi Assy]
Regi Roll (pinch)
[Regi Assy]
Regi Sensor
[Regi Assy]
Separator Roll [Feeding Assy]

No Paper Sensor [Feeding Assy]
Feed Roll [Feeding Assy]
PeHS06017KA

6 40
14.3 Feeding from Cassette

When sheet feeding from the cassette starts, the Feed Roll (ROLL ASSY FEED: PL2.2.4) rotates,
driven by the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH (PL6.1.2) and controlled by the SOLENOID FEED PTH
(PL6.1.10), to feed the sheet to the position where it is nipped between the Feed Roll and the Separator
(HOLDER ASSY SEPARATOR: PL2.2.10).
As the Feed Roll rotates, the CAM MSI L and CAM MSI R (PL2.2.7/PL2.2.2) also rotate to lift the
PLATE BOTTOM via the PLATE ARM L and PLATE ARM R (PL2.2.33/PL2.2.34) to the position for
sheet feeding.
Feed Roll
Separator Roll
PLATE BOTTOM
CAM MSI L
CAM MSI R
PLATE ARM L
PLATE ARM R
SOLENOID FEED PTH

PLATE BOTTOM

6 41
PeHS06018KA

14.3.1 Multiple Sheet Feed Prevention
The sheets set in a cassette or cassette is occasionally stuck together along the edges. The stuck
sheets cause a multiple sheet feed or a jam. The sheets are fed by the ROLL ASSY FEED(PL2.2.4) to
a position between the ROLL ASSY FEED and the SEPARATOR ROLLER(HOLDER ASSY
SEPARATOR:PL2.2.10). Normally, when only one sheet is fed, both the ROLL ASSY FEED and
SEPARATOR ROLLER rotate to allow the sheet to pass. However, when two sheets are fed
concurrently, only the ROLL ASSY FEED rotates and the SEPARATOR ROLLER is locked thereby
allowing the upper sheet to pass by being separated from the lower sheet that is stopped by the friction
with the SEPARATOR ROLLER at rest.
The SEPARATOR ROLLER is being pushed toward the ROLL ASSY FEED by spring pressure, and
controlled by the torque limiter (Clutch Assy Friction) with which it is coupled.
Feed Roll
Separator Roll
PLATE BOTTOM
Clutch Friction
Separator Roll
PeHS06019XA

6 42
14.4 Feeding in Registration Section

The sheet fed out of the cassette is forwarded to the registration section, driven by the DRIVE ASSY
MOT VLH (PL6.1.2) and controlled by the CLUTCH REGI (PL2.3.6).
When the sheet reaches the registration section, its lead-edge position is adjusted (Refer to "14.4.1
Lead-edge Registration"), and then the sheet is forwarded to the toner transfer section (2nd BTR).
Regi Roll
Paper
Regi Roll
CLUTCH REGI

PeHS06021KA
6 43

14.4.1 Lead-edge Registration
When a sheet fed out of the cassette directly reaches the toner transfer section, the toner image may
not be transferred at the correct position on the sheet due to misalignment of lead edges in the
cassette.
To avoid this problem, the lead edge position of the sheet needs to be corrected at the registration
section before the sheet is forwarded to the toner transfer section.
By thrusting the edge of the sheet fed out of the cassette against the Regi Roll (ROLL REGI: PL2.3.1/
ROLL ASSY PINCH REGI: PL2.3.2) that is locked, the lead edge position of the sheet is corrected.
ROLL REGI
ROLL ASSY PINCH REGI
REGI ROLL
Skewed Paper

PeHS06022XA
6 44
14.5 Transfer/Fusing/Exit
While the sheet that passed the registration section passes through the toner transfer position where it
is nipped between the IBT Belt and the 2nd BTR (ROLL ASSY BTR: PL1.1.7) that rotate driven by the
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH (PL6.1.2), the toner image on the IBT Belt is transferred onto the sheet. As the
sheet is forwarded to the exit section, the toner image is fused onto the sheet surface by the Heat Roll
that rotates driven by the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH.
At the exit section, the sheet is ejected by the Exit Roll that rotates in the exit direction driven by the
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH.
Exit Roll
Pressure Belt
Heat Roll
2nd BTR
Belt

6 45
PeHS06023KSA
15. Functions of Major Functional Components (IOT)

Major functional components of the IOT are described below with illustrations.
These components are classified into the following functional blocks.
Cassette
Regi Assy
Process Control (CHUTE ASSY TRANS)
LPH ASSY
Dispenser
XERO DEVE ASSY
Transfer Belt (BELT ASSY IBT)
FUSING & Exit
Drive
Electrical
15.1 Paper Cassette

15.1.1 Major Functions
-
HOLDER ASSY SEPARATOR (PL2.2.10)

The HOLDER ASSY SEPARATOR and the ROLL ASSY FEED nip the print medium to prevent
multiple sheet feed.
(Refer to 14.3.1 Multiple Sheet Feed Prevention)

6 46

-
PLATE BOTTOM
When sheets are fed, the PLATE BOTTOM rises to the position where sheets can be fed. (Refer to
14.3 Feeding from Cassette)
HOLDER ASSY SEPARATOR

PLATE BOTTOM
KIT CASSETTE ASSY

6 47
PeHS06024KA
15.2 Paper Feeder

-
No Paper Sensor (SENSOR PHOTO: PL 2.2.18)

Detects the presence/absence of sheets in the cassette based on the change of the actuator
position. (No sheets: Sensor beam is received)
ACTUATOR NO PAPER
(No Paper Position)
ACTUATOR NO PAPER
Paper
No Paper Sensor
PLATE BOTTOM
No Paper Sensor
PLATE BOTTOM
No Paper Sensor
ACTUATOR NO PAPER
PeHS06025KA
SOLENOID FEED PTH (PL6.1.10)

Transmits the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH to the ROLL ASSY FEED. (Refer to "18.1
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH")

6 48

-
ROLL ASSY FEED (PL 2.2.4)

When the SOLENOID FEED PTH operates, the ROLL ASSY FEED starts rotating to feed the print
medium. (Refer to "18.1 DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH")
ROLL ASSY FEED
SOLENOID FEED PTH

PeHS06026KA
No Paper Sensor

6 49
15.3 Regi Assy

-
Regi Sensor (SENSOR PHOTO: PL 2.3.4)

The Regi Sensor detects that the lead edge of the print medium has reached the registration
section. (No paper: Sensor beam is blocked)
ACTUATOR REGI (No Paper Position)
ACTUATOR REGI
Paper
Regi Sensor
Regi Sensor
Regi Sensor
PeHS06027KA
ACTUATOR REGI

6 50

-
CLUTCH REGI (PL 2.3.6)

The CLUTCH REGI transmits the driving torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH to ROLL REGI to
feed the sheet from cassette to the Fusing section. (Refer to "18.1 DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH")
To place the toner image at an appropriate position on the sheet, the timing of feeding from the Regi
Assy is adjusted by the duration for which the CLUTCH REGI operates.
ROLL ASSY PINCH REGI

ROLL REGI
CLUTCH REGI
Regi Sensor
PeHS06028KA

6 51
15.4 Process Control

-
ADC Sensor
Measures the density of the toner patches on the belt at the Window position before the secondary
transfer, and converts it to a voltage value. This voltage value is used for toner density control.
MOB (Mark On Belt sensor) Sensor

Detects misregistration among the YMCK colors based on the marks created on the rear side of the
Belt.
Belt
ADC Sensor
MOB Sensor

6 52
PeHS06029KA
15.5 LPH ASSY

-
LPH ASSY
An exposure device for creating an electrostatic latent image on the drum surface. One unit is
provided for each of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black.
PWB ASIC
A PWB that bridges between the PWB ASSY TOP TOKI 2 and the LPH Unit.
LPH ASSY (K)

LPH ASSY (C)
LPH ASSY (M)
LPH ASSY (Y)
Bottom view illustration
PWB ASIC
LPH ASSY
PeHS06030KA

6 53
15.6 Dispenser
-
TONER CARTRIDGE (Y/M/C/K) (PL4.1.13/ PL4.1.14/ PL4.1.15/ PL4.1.16)

Contains toner and a small amount of carrier. Also contains the WASTE TONER BOTTLE for
storing waste toner.
CONNECTOR CRUM (KEY HW K:PL4.1.3/KEY HW YMC:PL4.1.4)

The CRUM stores, reads, and writes printer-specific information regarding the CRU (CustomerReplaceable Unit).
MOTOR ASSY DISP (PL4.1.9)

Supplies toner from the Toner Cartridge to the XERO DEVE ASSY by driving the Auger in the Toner
Cartridge. Contains a motor for driving the Auger for yellow and magenta, and a motor for driving the
Auger for cyan and black.
Connector CRUM (Y)
Connector CRUM (M)
Connector CRUM (C)
Connector CRUM (K)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (K)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (C)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (M)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (Y)

MOTOR ASSY DISP (C/K)

MOTOR ASSY DISP (Y/M)
6 54
PeHS06031KA
15.7 XERO DEVE ASSY

-
DRUM
The DRUMs are the units provided one for each of Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, and Black for creating
electrostatic latent images and toner images.
BCR
Charges the DRUM electrically.
Cleaning Roll
Removes the toner remaining on the BCR.
Cleaning Blade
Removes the toner remaining on the DRUM after the toner image is transferred to the print
medium.
Magnet Roll
The Magnet Roll contacts the DRUM to form the toner image on the DRUM surface.
Auger
The Auger agitates the toner particles.
Trimmer
The Trimmer uniformly levels the toner/carrier particles deposited on the surface of the Magnet Roll.

6 55
XERO DEVE
ASSY (C)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (K)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (M)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (Y)
Developer part
Magnet Roll
Trimmer Rod
Auger
XERO part
Drum
Cleaning Auger
Cleaning Blade
BCR
Cleaning Roll

PeHS06032KA
6 56
15.8 Transfer Belt & Fusing

-
BELT ASSY IBT

1st BTR Roll (Y/M/C/K)
Attracts the toner image on the drum to the IBT Belt by positively charging the IBT Belt from the
backside.
IBT Belt
Receives the four color-separated toner images from each drum in registration with one another.
Backup Roll
Helps the toner particles migrate onto the IBT Belt by retaining the Belt at a position where it
nearly contacts the print media during the Second Tranfer process.
Cleaning Blade
Scrapes off the excess toner remaining on the IBT Belt.
Belt
1st BTR (Y)

1st BTR (M)
1st BTR (C)
Cleaning Blade
1st BTR (K)

Back Up Roll

6 57
PeHS06033KA
15.9 FUSING & EXIT

The FUSING fixes the toner image onto the sheet by heat and pressure and guides the sheet into and
out of the fixing position.
-
Heat Roll
A metal roll that transfers heat to the sheet to fuse the toner particles onto the sheet surface.
Pressure Belt
A combination of a belt and a pressurizing system for pressing the sheet against the Heat Roll.
Main Heater Lamp

A heating-coil-enclosed lamp located inside the Heat Roll to heat its entire length.
Temp. Sensor (contact type)

A thermistor (temperature-responsive resistance) positioned in contact with the Heat Roll to detect
its surface temperature and to prevent the Heater Lamp from overheating.
Thermostat
A component connected in series with the power supply for the Heater Lamp. Prevents the
overheating of the Heat Roll by releasing the contacts when the contact section has reached a
certain temperature due to a failure of overheating prevention by Temp. Sensors (thermistors).
Fusing Exit Sensor

Detects whether the fused print has passed through the FUSING section based on the change of
the actuator position. (Sheet passed: Sensor beam received)

6 58
Heat Roll
Pressure Belt
Heater Lamp
Thermostat
Temp. Sensor
(Contacted type)
FUSING
Fusing Exit Sensor
PeHS06034KA

6 59
15.10 Drive
-
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH (PL6.1.2)

A motor for driving components such as DRIVE ASSY MU (PL6.1.1), DRIVE ASSY PH (PL6.1.5),
and the Fusing.
DRIVE ASSY DEVE (PL6.1.6)

An assembly that relays the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH to the DRIVE ASSY MU.
Contains the Switching Solenoid and the Switching Sensor.
- Switching Sensor
Detects whether the printer is running in the full color mode or the B/W mode based on the position of the actuator. (Full Color mode: Sensor beam is received)
- Switching Solenoid
Switches between the full color mode and the B/W mode by disconnecting the developer units
for yellow, magenta, and cyan from the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH in the B/W
mode. (Refer to "15.10.2 Full Color Mode and B/W Mode")
DRIVE ASSY PH (PL6.1.5)

An assembly that rotates the Paper Feed and Regi by the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH.
DRIVE ASSY MU (PL6.1.1)

An assembly that rotates the Transfer Belt, DRUMs (YMCK), and the Augers and Magnet Rolls in
the DEVE ASSY by the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH.
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH

DRIVE ASSY MU
Switching Solenoid
Switching Sensor
DRIVE ASSY PH
DRIVE ASSY DEVE

PeHS06035KA

6 60

15.10.2 Full Color Mode and B/W Mode
The Full Color mode uses the four colors of Y, M, C, and K while the B/W mode uses K only.
To deactivate the compnents for Y, M, and C during the B/W mode operation, the torque transmission
route is changed between the Full Color and B/W modes.
-
Operation in Full Color mode

In the full color mode, the Magnet Rolls for YMCK rotate to form a full-color visible toner image by
the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH.
[ FULL COLOR MODE ]

MAGNET
ROLL (Y)
MAGNET
ROLL (M)
MAGNET
ROLL (C)
DRIVE ASSY DEVE
MAGNET
ROLL (K)
GEAR C
Switching Solenoid
FLANGE D4
Drive to
MAGNET ROLL (Y), (M), (C)
GEAR D4 IN
ACTUATOR K
(FULL COLOR MODE
Position)
GEAR D4 OUT
Switching Sensor

FLANGE D4
Drive from
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
6 61
PeHS06036XA

-
Operation in B/W mode

In the B/W mode, the Switching Solenoid in the DRIVE ASSY DEVE disconnects the Magnet Rolls
for YMC from the torque from the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH, allowing only the Magnet Roll for K to
rotate to form a visible toner image in black.
[ BLACK and WHITE MODE ]

FLANGE D4
GEAR CAM
MAGNET ROLL (K)
GEAR C
GEAR C
Switching Solenoid
Cutting of drive
FLANGE D4
GEAR D4 IN
ACTUATOR K
(BLACK and
WHITE MODE Position)
GEAR D4 OUT
Drive from
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
Switching Sensor

FLANGE D4
6 62
PeHS06037XA
15.11 Electrical (IOT)

-
FAN
FAN MAIN (PL7.1.2)
Exhausts heat out of the printer.
[ Front view illustration ]
FAN MAIN
[ Rear view illustration ]
FAN MAIN
PeHS06038KA
SWITCH
MAIN POWER SWITCH
Turns on/off the AC power to the printer.
SWITCH I/L ASSY (Inter Lock Switch Rear : PL1.1.9)
Detects the open/close of the Rear Cover. Interrupts the DC power to the printer (+24VDC) when
the Rear Cover is opened.

6 63

-
PWBA
PWBA LVPS (Low Voltage Power Supply) (PL7.2.1)
Supplies the AC power from the power supply to the heater section of the FUSING and generates stable low DC voltage to be used by the logic circuits and other components.
PWBA HVPS (High Voltage Power Supply) (PL7.2.3)
Supplies high voltage to the BCRs and the Magnet Rolls for each color.
PWBA MCU MC02KC (Machine Control Unit) (PL7.2.2)
Controls the print operation based on the communication with the print controller and on the
information from the sensors or switches.
PWBA ESS AIO 4IN (Electronic Sub System) (PL7.1.9) / PWBA ESS SFP VLH (PL7.1.9)
The ESS is the print controller of the printer. The PWBA ESS connected to the PWBA MCU
MC02KC controls the entire system (diagnostic, interface, image processing, etc.).
PWB ASSY TOP TOKI 2 (PL7.1.5)
A PWBA that controls the interface for the Wireless Network.
PWB ASSY LED (PL1.1.98)

Allows the user to view the printer status or execute operations via the LCD, LED, and buttons.

6 64
Rear view illustration
PWB ASSY LED
SWITCH I/L ASSY
Main Power Switch
PWBA HVPS
FAN MAIN
PWBA ESS
SFP VLH
TOP TOKI 2
PWBA LVPS
PWBA MCU MC02KC

PeHS06039KA
6 65

15.11.2 Data Flow
The print data (electric signal) from the printer controller flows as shown below before it is turned into a
print.
PeHS06040XA

6 66
16. Operation Modes / Consumables

16.1 Operation Modes
The printer can be operated in the following four modes:
-
Printing Mode
The printer is under printing.
Ready Mode
The printer is ready for printing.
Low Power Mode

The printer is under power saving.
When the predetermined time elapses in the Ready Mode, the device goes into the Low Power
Mode to reduce standby power consumption.
Sleep Mode
The printer is under power saving.
When the predetermined time elapses in the Low Power Mode, the device goes into the Sleep Mode
to reduce standby power consumption.

6 67
16.2 Replacement Timing of Consumables Parts

16.2.1 Types of Consumables Parts
Listed below are the consumables parts for this printer.
Product Name
Consumables
Lifespan
(approximate)*1
TONER CARTRIDGE (K) (Starter capacity)
700 pages
TONER CARTRIDGE (YMC) (Starter capacity)
700 pages
TONER CARTRIDGE (K) (Standard capacity)
2,000 pages
TONER CARTRIDGE (YMC) (Standard capacity)
1,400 pages
*1: The page counts are for reference only.

The actual page count may vary greatly depending on conditions such as print settings, document
contents, or power-on/off frequency.

6 68

16.2.2 Replacement Timing of Consumables
When a consumable part is about to reach its replacement period, one of the following messages
appears on the Operator Panel:
TONER CARTRIDGE (YMCK) *3
Message
<Near Life>
XXX *1 Low
Replace Soon
<Life Over>
Replace Cart.
093-YYY*2 Printer
Flip
Replace
XXX *2 Cartridge
Meaning
Detection device
The TONER CARTRIDGE (Y, M, C, or K) is near its

replacement period.
Have ready a new TONER CARTRIDGE (Y, M, C, or K).
You can still print approximately another 100 pages in The TONER CRUM
K,and 75 in Y, M, and C.
detects the replacement period from the
The TONER CARTRIDGE (Y, M, C, or K) has reached remaining toner
amount.
its replacement period. The printer stops operating.
Immediately replace the TONER CARTRIDGE (Y, M, C,
or K) with a new one.
*1-*2: XXX/YYY in the message denotes the following.

*1: XXX: Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, Black
*2: XXX/YYY: Yellow /930, Magenta /931, Cyan /932, Black /933
*3: Standard capacity

6 69
17. Control (IOT)

17.1 Process Control
The parameters related to image formation must be corrected to stabilize printing. The control of the
entire printing process including the parameter correction control is called "process control".
The process control is performed by the following two methods after every 30 cumulative prints upon
termination of a print run or during a continuous run:
Potential Control
Toner Density Control
To supplement these two controls, the following controls are provided:
High Area Coverage Mode
Admix Mode
17.1.1 Potential Control
To stabilize the print image density, the drum charging voltage, the developing DC voltage, and the
LED light amount of the LPH are adjusted according to the ever-changing developing capability of each
color developer. The adjusted drum charging voltage, the developing DC voltage, and the LED light
amount of the LPH are fed back to keep the print image density constant.
The outline of control is as follows:
1) The HUMIDITY SENSOR (temperature and humidity sensor) detects the temperature and
humidity.
2) The patches of respective colors (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black) for the potential control are
generated and transferred onto the Belt.
3) The ADC Sensor (density sensor) detects the density of the patches on the Belt.
4) The drum charging voltage, the developing DC voltage, and the LED light amount of the LPH are
adjusted for each color according to the detected patch density.

6 70

17.1.2 Toner Density Control
The toner density must be kept constant to stabilize the print image quality. The control system for this
purpose is called toner density control.
1)
ICDC (Image Count Dispense Control)

The quantity of the toner to be consumed in the developing process is calculated in terms of tonerdispensing time based on the quantity of the video signals that have been input to the LPH. The
amount of the toner to be fed to the developer section is controlled by turning on the Toner Motor for
the toner-dispensing time thus calculated.
2)
ADC (Auto Density Control)

The patches of respective colors (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black) for the toner density control are
generated under the specified potential condition, and then transferred onto the Belt. The ADC
Sensor measures the densities of these patches and compares them with the reference value. If the
toner density is lower than the reference value, the toner dispense quantity is increased at the next
printing. If the toner density is higher than the reference value, the toner dispense quantity is
reduced at the next printing. The toner dispense quantity is calculated in terms of the tonerdispensing time on a color-by-color basis.
17.1.3 High Area Coverage Mode

A continuous printing of a high area coverage data that exceeds the extra toner dispense capability
causes the toner density in the developer to be lowered.
The High Area Coverage Mode postpones the next page feed and dispenses the toner during this time
if the toner dispense time has reached the specified value during a continuous printing.
17.1.4 Admix Mode
This mode executes extra toner dispensation to prevent the toner density from being lowered whenever
the value of the toner density control patch measured by the ADC Sensor falls far below the reference
value. If the toner density level cannot be recovered even after this operation, it is determined that the
toner has run out.
17.1.5 ADC Sensor Adjustment
The ADC Sensor is a reflection type sensor that irradiates the light from its LED onto the target and
detects the reflected light at its photoreceptor and outputs electric signals responsive to the amount of
the detected light. To ensure an accurate patch density measurement, the surfaces of the ADC Sensor
is cleaned to remove soil due to toner, etc., and the light quantity adjustment is made so that the
reflected light quantity satisfies the predetermined value when the patch for potential control and toner
density control are created.

6 71
17.2 Color Registration Control

The printer uses a tandem system where the drums and developers are arranged respectively for each
of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black colors. Since the four color-separated images are overlaid one
another onto the print medium, a color shift may occur. The color registration control calculates how
much the registration is shifted, and adjusts the LPH write timing.
The lateral registration control adjusts all of the four colors in lateral directions.
The color registration control is executed during a process control based on the change in the internal
temperature and the print count.
The control is outlined below:
1) With no toner on the Belt, the output value of the ADC Sensor is measured to determine the
threshold value.
2) The patch for color registration control is generated on the Belt. This patch is composed of four
cycles of a color pattern, each containing 10mm-wide color bars starting with a black trigger line
followed by K, C, K, M, K, and Y (in this order).
3) The density of the patch is measured by the ADC Sensor.

4) The shift correction amount is calculated from the threshold value determined in 1) and the patch
density measured in 3).
5) The LPH write timing is changed according to the shift correction amount.

6 72
17.3 Fusing Control

17.3.1 Fusing temperature control
To control the Fusing temperature, the target temperature is set, and then the Heater Lamp is turned
on/off so that the surface temperature of the Heat Roll satisfies the target value.
The surface temperature of the Heat Roll is detected by the Temp. Sensor (NCS = Non-Contact
Sensor) in the middle of the Heat Roll and the Temp. Sensors (STS = Soft Touch Sensor) at the end
sections. When the temperature detected is higher than the target value, the Heater Lamp will be
turned OFF. When the temperature is below the target value, the Heater Lamp will be turned ON.
However, the STS may detect a temperature lower than the actual value when an error occurs during
the temperature detection. To prevent, in such a case, the Heater Lamp from activating for too long a
duration until it melts or burns the Fusing Assy, the Heater Lamp is turned off unless Warm-up is
completed within the specified time.
The target temperature varies depending on the printer status such as Warm-up, Printing, or Process
Control, and is calibrated according to the interior temperature detected by the Sensor Hum Temp, the
temperature difference between the middle and the ends of the Heat Roll, the printing mode, and the
input power supply voltage.
17.3.2 Cooling down

As the printing continues, the temperature of the Heat Roll becomes nonuniform between the area that
contacts the sheet and the area that does not. In such a case, the paper feeding is suspended for a
certain duration to compensate for the temperature nonuniformity of the Heat Roll. This is called
"Cooling Down".
When the temperature of the Heat Roll end is high, cooling down is performed to lower the temperature
to the target value.
17.3.3 Sensor Warm-up

The Temp. Sensor (NCS) in the middle section of the Heat Roll loses its measuring accuracy when the
temperature of the sensor itself is -5C or below. Therefore, the sensor will be warmed up to 0C when
its temperature is -5C or below. This is called "Sensor Warm-up".

6 73
18. Drive Transmission Route

18.1 DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
The torque of the DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH is transmitted through the route below.
[ PAPER FEED DRIVE ]

DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
GEAR PF1
GEAR PF2
GEAR PH3
GEAR F3
GEAR F4
GEAR PH5
GEAR IDLER HR
GEAR PH6
GEAR PH4
GEAR HR
DRIVE ASSY PH
[ HEAT ROLL ]
GEAR IDLER EXIT
GEAR FEED
SOLENOID FEED PTH
[ FEED ROLL ]
Feeding Assy
CLUTCH REGI
GEAR EXIT
[ REGI ROLL ]
[ EXIT ROLL ]
REGI ASSY
FUSING ASSY
PeHS06041XA

6 74
[ PAPER FEED DRIVE ]

GEAR EXIT
GEAR IDLER EXIT
FUSING ASSY
[ EXIT ROLL ]
[ HEAT ROLL ]
GEAR IDLER HR
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH

GEAR F4
GEAR HR
GEAR F3
GEAR PF2
GEAR PH3
GEAR PH5
GEAR PF1
GEAR PH4
DRIVE ASSY PH
MOTOR ASSY
MAIN
CLUTCH REGI
GEAR PH6
GEAR FEED
[ REGI ROLL ]
FRONT
SOLENOID FEED PTH

[ FEED ROLL ]
PeHS06042XA

6 75
[ FULL COLOR MODE DEVELOPMENT DRIVE ]

DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
GEAR D1
GEAR D2
GEAR D3C
GEAR D4 IN
GEAR DK1
GEAR DK2
GEAR D4 OUT
GEAR D5
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D1
GEAR IDLER D1
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D2
DRIVE ASSY DEVE
GEAR D6 (Y)
GEAR D6 (M)
GEAR D6 (C)
GEAR D6 (K)
GEAR MAG (C)
GEAR MAG (K)
DRIVE ASSY MU
GEAR MAG (Y)
[ MAGNET ROLL (Y) ]
GEAR MAG (M)
[ MAGNET ROLL (M) ]
[ MAGNET ROLL (C) ]
[ MAGNET ROLL (K) ]
GEAR IDLER MAG (Y)
GEAR IDLER MAG (M)
GEAR IDLER MAG (C)
GEAR IDLER MAG (K)
GEAR AUGER (Y)
GEAR AUGER (M)
GEAR AUGER (C)
GEAR AUGER (K)
[ AUGER SUPPLY (Y) ]

GEAR AUGER ADMIX (Y)
[ AUGER SUPPLY (M) ]

GEAR AUGER ADMIX (M)
[ AUGER SUPPLY (C) ]

GEAR AUGER ADMIX (C)
[ AUGER SUPPLY (K) ]

GEAR AUGER ADMIX (K)
[ AUGER ADMIX (Y) ]
[ AUGER ADMIX (M) ]
[ AUGER ADMIX (C) ]
[ AUGER ADMIX (K) ]
XERO DEVE ASSY (Y)
XERO DEVE ASSY (M)
XERO DEVE ASSY (C)
XERO DEVE ASSY (K)
PeHS06043XA

6 76
[ FULL COLOR MODE DEVELOPMENT DRIVE ]

[ AUGER SUPPLY ]
[ MAGNET ROLL ]
XERO DEVE
ASSY (Y)
GEAR MAG
XERO DEVE
ASSY (M)
GEAR
IDLER MAG
XERO DEVE
ASSY (C)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (K)
[ AUGER ADMIX ]
GEAR AUGER
GEAR MAG (Y)
GEAR AUGER ADMIX
GEAR MAG (M)

GEAR MAG (C)
GEAR MAG (K)
GEAR D6 (Y)
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
GEAR
D6 (C)
FRONT
GEAR
D6 (M)
DRIVE ASSY MU
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR D5
GEAR D6 (K)
DRIVE ASSY DEVE

GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D1
GEAR D1
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR D5
FLANGE D4
GEAR D4 IN
GEAR D4 IN
GEAR DK1
GEAR
IDLER D1
GEAR D2
GEAR D3C
GEAR D4 OUT
GEAR DK2
SWITCHING SOLENOID
GEAR D3C
PeHS06044XA

6 77
[ BLACK and WHITE MODE DEVELOPMENT DRIVE ]
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH

MOTOR ASSY MAIN
GEAR D1
GEAR D2
GEAR D3C
GEAR D4 IN
GEAR DK1
GEAR DK2
GEAR D4 OUT
GEAR C
SWITCHING SOLENOID
GEAR CAM
GEAR IDLER D1
FLANGE D4
GEAR IDLER D2
DRIVE ASSY DEVE
GEAR D6 (K)
DRIVE ASSY MU
GEAR MAG (K)
[ MAGNET ROLL (K) ]

GEAR IDLER MAG (K)
GEAR AUGER (K)

[ AUGER ADMIX (K) ]

XERO DEVE ASSY (K)
PeHS06045XA

6 78
[ BLACK and WHITE MODE DEVELOPMENT DRIVE ]


[ MAGNET ROLL (K) ]
XERO DEVE
ASSY (K)
GEAR MAG (K)

GEAR
IDLER MAG (K)
[ AUGER ADMIX (K) ]

GEAR MAG (K)
GEAR AUGER (K)
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
MOTOR ASSY MAIN
DRIVE ASSY MU
FRONT
DRIVE ASSY DEVE

GEAR D5
GEAR D6 (K)
GEAR
D4 IN
FLANGE D4
GEAR D1
GEAR IDLER D2
GEAR IDLER D1
GEAR D4 OUT
GEAR D3C
GEAR D2
GEAR D4 IN
GEAR DK1
GEAR C
GEAR D3C
FLANGE D4
GEAR C
GEAR CAM
GEAR DK2
SWITCHING SOLENOID
PeHS06046XA

6 79
[ DRUM, BELT DRIVE and EXCESS TONER COLLECTING ]
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH

MOTOR ASSY MAIN
GEAR X1
GEAR X2
GEAR X2
GEAR IDLER X
GEAR IDLER X
GEAR X2
GEAR X2
DRIVE ASSY MU
[ DRUM (Y) ]
[ DRUM (M) ]
[ DRUM (C) ]
[ DRUM (K) ]
GEAR AUGER XERO CLNG (Y)
GEAR AUGER XERO CLNG (M)
GEAR AUGER XERO CLNG (C)
GEAR AUGER XERO CLNG (K)
[ AUGER CLNG XERO (Y) ]
[ AUGER CLNG XERO (M) ]
[ AUGER CLNG XERO (C) ]
[ AUGER CLNG XERO (K) ]
XERO DEVE ASSY (Y)
XERO DEVE ASSY (M)
XERO DEVE ASSY (C)
XERO DEVE ASSY (K)
GEAR T1
GEAR DRV
GEAR AUGER
[ BELT ]
[ AUGER CLNG BELT ]

BELT ASSY
PeHS06047XA

6 80
[ DRUM, BELT DRIVE and EXCESS TONER COLLECTING ]

[ AUGER CLNG BELT ]
[ BELT ]
GEAR AUGER
GEAR T1
GEAR DRV
DRIVE ASSY MOT VLH
GEAR X1
GEAR IDLER X
GEAR X2
GEAR X2
GEAR X2
GEAR IDLER X
DRIVE ASSY MU
GEAR X2
FRONT
[ DRUM ]
XERO DEVE
ASSY (Y)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (M)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (C)
XERO DEVE
ASSY (K)
GEAR AUGER
XERO CLNG
[ AUGER CLNG XERO ]
PeHS06048XA

6 81
18.2 TONER DISPENSER (Y, M, C, K)

The torque of the TONER DISPENSER drives the auger in the TONER CARTRIDGE.
[ TONER DISPENSER (Y), (K) ]

DISPENSER ASSY
MOTOR ASSY DISP (Y), (M)
GEAR IDLER 34
MOTOR ASSY DISP (C), (K)
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (Y)
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (M)
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (C)
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (K)
GEAR IDLER 23 (Y)
GEAR IDLER 23 (K)
GEAR AUGER (Y)
GEAR AUGER (K)
[ AUGER
DISPENSE TN (Y) ]
[ AUGER
DISPENSE TN (K) ]
GEAR AUGER (Y)
GEAR AUGER (K)
[ AUGER CTRG (Y) ]
[ AUGER CTRG (K) ]
TONER CARTRIDGE (Y)
TONER CARTRIDGE (K)
PeHS06049XA

6 82
[ TONER DISPENSER (Y), (K) ]

TONER
CARTRIDGE (K)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (Y)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (M)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (C)
[ AUGER DISPENSE TN (K) ]

[ AUGER CTRG (K) ]
GEAR AUGER (K)
[ AUGER CTRG (Y) ]
GEAR
AUGER (Y)
GEAR AUGER (K)

GEAR IDLER 23 (K)
[ AUGER
DISPENSE TN (Y) ]
GEAR IDLER 23 (Y)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (M)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (C)
GEAR
AUGER (Y)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (K)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (Y)
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
FRONT

GEAR IDLER 34

PeHS06050XA
6 83
[ TONER DISPENSER (M), (C) ]

DISPENSER ASSY
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (Y)
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (M)
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (C)
GEAR IDLER 23 (M)
GEAR IDLER 23 (C)
GEAR AUGER (M)
GEAR AUGER (C)
[ AUGER
DISPENSE TN (M) ]
CLUTCH ASSY ONEWAY (K)
[ AUGER
DISPENSE TN (C) ]
GEAR AUGER (M)
GEAR AUGER (C)
[ AUGER CTRG (M) ]
[ AUGER CTRG (C) ]
TONER CARTRIDGE (M)
TONER CARTRIDGE (C)
PeHS06051XA

6 84
[ TONER DISPENSER (M), (C) ]

TONER
CARTRIDGE (K)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (Y)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (M)
TONER
CARTRIDGE (C)
[ AUGER DISPENSE TN (C) ]

[ AUGER CTRG (C) ]
GEAR
AUGER (M)
GEAR AUGER (C)
[ AUGER CTRG (M) ]
[ AUGER DISPENSE TN (M) ]
GEAR
AUGER (M)
GEAR AUGER (C)

GEAR IDLER 23 (C)
GEAR IDLER 23 (M)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (C)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (K)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (Y)
CLUTCH ASSY
ONEWAY (M)
GEAR IDLER 34
GEAR IDLER 34
FRONT

GEAR IDLER 34

PeHS06052XA
6 85

Blank Page

6 86

Dell E525 Operation

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Chapter 6 Principle of Operation

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation CONTENTS

2. Telephone Call Connection Mechanism.....................................................................6 - 6

8. Other Problems ........................................................................................................6 - 19

10. Paper Path (IIT) ......................................................................................................6 - 23

11. Functions of Major Functional Components (IIT) ...................................................6 - 25

12. Control (IIT) ............................................................................................................6 - 35

13. Drive Transmission Route of ADF Motor (IIT) ........................................................6 - 37

14. Paper Path (IOT) ....................................................................................................6 - 39

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation CONTENTS

16. Operation Modes / Consumables ...........................................................................6 - 67

17. Control (IOT)...........................................................................................................6 - 70

18. Drive Transmission Route ......................................................................................6 - 74

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

1.2 Analog and Digital Signals

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

The signal is converted to 1 or 0 depending on

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Conversion of an analog signal to digital signal is called AD conversion. The

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

2. Telephone Call Connection Mechanism

Switching Equipment Network

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

2.2 Telephone Call Connection Mechanism

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Pulse Dialing & Tone Dialing

"3, 5, ...... "

"3, 5, 2, ...... "

The switch connects lines according to the transmitted number.

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Connecting Out-of-Town Calls

Tandem Tandem Local

b. Dial the number

4) Ring back tone

Communications Path is established.

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network): Analog telephone network.

If there is no switch on site, set the line type to PSTN.

If there is a switch on site, set the line type to PBX.

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

4. FAX System (Overview)

FAX System (Overview)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual

Chapter 6 Principle of Operation (Fax)

FAX System (Detail)

Perry-K VLH-AIO Service Manual