DADAISM

Dada (/dd/) or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avantgarde in the early 20th century. Dada in Zrich, Switzerland, began in 1916
at Cabaret Voltaire in 1915
the movement was a protest against
thebourgeois nationalist and colonialist interests, which many Dadaists
believed were the root cause of the war
The term dada may best define this movement as it can mean anything or
nothing, it was chosen more for its nave sound being nonsensical word
Works in Dada movement were absurd and playful and at times intuitive or
obscure
Techniques were oftentimes employing the chance technique where found
objects by chance are composed to produce art
It is an anti-art movement, which became the groundwork for surrealism,
abstract art and sound poetry
According to Hans Richter Dada was not art: it was "anti-art."[7] Dada
represented the opposite of everything which art stood for. Where art was
concerned with traditional aesthetics, Dada ignored aesthetics. If art was to
appeal to sensibilities, Dada was intended to offend.
EXAMPLES:
Fountain (1917)
Artist: Marcel Duchamp

Duchamps choice of using a urinal was

guaranteed to challenge and offend even his
fellow artists.
There is little manipulation of the urinal other
than to turn it upside-down and to sign it with a
fictitious name.
It has become icon of the irreverence of the
Dada movement towards against both traditional
artistic values and production techniques.

LHOOQ (1919)
Artist: Marcel Duchamp

While Mona Lisa was already a well-known work of art,

Duchamp drew a mustache and a goatee onto Mona Lisa's
face and labeled it L.H.O.O.Q.
If the letters are pronounced as they would be by a native
French speaker, it would sound as if one were saying "Elle a
chaud au cul," which loosely translates as "She has a hot ass."
Again, Duchamp managed to offend everyone while also
posing questions that challenged artistic values, artistic
creativity, and the overall canon.

SURREALISM

Surrealism was a cultural movement of the 20th century founded by former

Dadaist French writer, Andr Breton
The images depicted those of dreams that can have realistic, though
irrational styles
It tries to integrate the confused realms of reality and imagination
Surrealism spread to many parts of Western world, and its popularity
producing a dream-like fantasies
In poetry, surrealism manifested a juxtaposition of words determined not by
logical but by psychological- that is, unconscious- thought process

EXAMPLES

The Son of Man (1964) by Ren Magritte.

The painting consists of a man in an overcoat and a bowler

hat standing in front of a low wall, beyond which is
the sea and a cloudy sky. The man's face is largely obscured
by a hovering green apple. However, the man's eyes can be
seen peeking over the edge of the apple.

the apple, hiding the visible but hidden, the face of the person.
It's something that happens constantly. Everything we see

hides another thing, we always want to see what is hidden by what we see. There is an
interest in that which is hidden and which the visible does not show us.