ABSTRACT

Generally, the main function of this experiment is to prepare soap and do the comparison
of its properties with the synthetic detergent. The soap was prepared by using vegetable oil with
some other chemical reagent that needed to prepare the soap. Next, the soap then being tested by
compared the soap with the synthetic detergent by three aspects, which are precipitation,
emulsification and its cleaning abilities. Both soap and detergent were tested for precipitation by
CaCl 2
Mg Cl 2
Fe Cl2
addition with 1%
solution, 1%
solution and 1%
solution. For
emulsification test, all the solutions containing soap and detergent were then added with a few
drops of mineral oil. For the third test, which was cleaning ability, the prepared soap, detergent
and a commercial liquid were used to clean a cloth which was stained with tomato sauce. The
results show that the soaps forms a precipitate for all the comparison but the detergent does not.
Next, for the emulsification test, the soap emulsifies oil for all solution, while the detergent does
not. Lastly, for the cleanliness of the cloth, the detergent is the most effective.

CONCLUSION

The soap was successfully prepared from vegetable oil, and comparison of soap with
detergent in precipitation, emulsification and cleaning abilities were conducted and observations
were done.
In conclusion, soap forms precipitation when added to
solution,

Fe Cl2

CaCl 2

solution,

Mg Cl 2

solution and acidic HCl solution, that is a scum is produced inside the test

tube. As for detergent, it does not form precipitate or scum for all solutions. Soap emulsifies
mineral oil added, while detergent does not emulsify the mineral oil. Detergent shows slightly
better cleaning abilities than soap when tested for cleaning effectiveness with stained cloth.