36.

ABSENT DISTAL
PUSLE, LE

Extremities

Maybe congenitally absent/ may branch higher in the

ankle. Search for pulse more laterally. Absent pulse
with normal femoral and popliteal pulses make
atherosclerotic disease in the lower popliteal artery or
its branches 14 times more likely seen in diabetes
mellitus.

Pg. 504 Bates Guide to Physical Examination

and History Taking

- Diabetes Mellitus

37.
ARRYTHMIA

Heart

Pathologic arrhythmias in children can be from

structural cardiac lesions but also from other causes
such as drug ingestion, metabolic abnormalities,
endocrine disorders, serous infection and post
infectious state or conduction disturbance without
structural heart disease.
Pg. 502 Bates Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking 11th Edition

- Paroxysmal
Supraventricular
Tachycardia
- Premature Atrial
Contraction
- Premature
Ventricular
Contractions
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Atrial Flutter
- Accessory
Pathway
Tachycardia
- AV nodal
Reentrant
Tachycardia
- Ventricular
Tachycardia
- Ventricular
Fibrillation
- Long QT
Syndrome
- Bradyarrhythmias
- Sinus Node
Dysfunction
- Heart Block

38.
VENTRICULAR
GALLOP (Third
Heart Sound)

Heart

Low pitched early diastolic sound best heard at the

lower left sternal border.

Pg. 780 Bates Guide to Physical Examination

and History Taking 10th Edition

- Ventricular
Overload
- Sinus
Tachycardia
- Myocardial
Systolic
Dysfunction

39.
(+) HEAVES

Heart/Lung A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (e.g., farmer's

s
lung) or airway hypersensitivity (hyperreactivity)
syndrome associated with asthma-type conditions.
Characterized by inflammation and reduced airway
elasticity around the bronchioles and alveoli; and
accumulation of inspissated exudates in the small
airways, with bronchiectasis, bronchospasms, smooth
muscle hypertrophy and fibrosis. It reduces pulmonary
function. Clinical signs include coughing, bronchitis,
bronchiolitis, reduces exercise tolerance, and

- Ventricular
Hypertrophy
- Hypersensitivity
- Farmers Lung

expiratory dyspnea that, in chronic cases, leads to a

heave line on the musculature located superficially on
the caudovental aspect of the abdomen.
Merriam Webster Medical Dictionary

40.
(+) THRILLS

Heart

Palpable when turbulence within the heart or greater

vessel is transmitted to the surface thrills have a
somewhat rough vibrating quality.

- Ventricular Heart
Dysfunction
- Congenital Heart

 Pg. 778 Bates Guide to Physical Examination

and History Taking 10th Edition

41.
VARICOSITIES,
LE

Extremities

Are grossly dilated subcutaneous vein often filling by

retrograde flow from the deep veins due to incompetent
valves in the perforating and deep veins most common
in leg.

Defects
Anemia
Hyperthyroidism
Abdominal Aortic
Aneurism
Cirrhosis
Aortic Stenosis

- Thrombophlebitis
- Arteriovenous
Fistula

 Pg. 433 DeGowins Diagnostic Examination 9th

Edition

42.
(-) SKIN
TURGOR

Skin

Degree of hydration
Pg. 761 Bates Guide to Physical Examination
and History Taking 10th Edition

- Ehlers Danlos
Syndrome
- Scleroderma