Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
INTRODUCTION
Once concrete has hardened it can be subjected to wide range
of tests to prove its ability to perform as planned or to discover
its characteristics if its history is unknown. For new concrete
this usually involves casting specimens from fresh concrete
and testing them for various properties as the concrete
matures. The concrete cube tests, concrete cylinder tests are
the most familiar tests and are used as the standard method of
measuring compressive strength for quality control purposes.
Concrete beam specimens are cast to test for flexural strength
and cast cylinder cone be used for tensile strength. Specimens
for many other tests can be made at the same time to assess
other properties. For existing concrete samples will need to be
taken from the structure. Non-destructive testing methods are
useful in some instances and can help identify areas from
which samples should be taken. The normal method of
concrete sampling is by coring although same chemical
analysis techniques can be carried out on drilling dust
samples.
ijbstr.org
in the table 1 & 2. The concrete stones were made into the
regular cube shape of size 150mm x 150mm x 150mm and
100mm x100mm x 100mm by stone cutting machine. The
cores were extracted by using rotary cutting machine with
diamond bits. The extracted cores were trimmed to make
smooth edges parallel and then capped with sulphur to make
the ends smooth. After capping, cores were tested in
compression testing machine in the concrete laboratory. No
rebar were found in the cores. The results of cores are shown
in table 1 & 2. After making the regular shape of cubes of
sizes 150mm x150mm x 150mm and 100mm x100mm x
100mm they were tested in compression testing machine. The
results of cubes are shown in table 3. The average
compressive strength of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm cubes
was 24MPa [3508psi] and the average compressive strength of
100mm x 100mm x 100mm was found to be 32MPa
[4608psi]. The average corrected compressive strength of
cores having diameter 75mm was 17MPa [2466psi]. The
average compressive strength of cores having diameter of
48mm was 18MPa [2611psi]. All cores were tested in dry
condition. The strength of cores was calculated after applying
all the factors given in ASTM C42-90.
CUBE TEST
Compacting by hand
OBJECTIVES
EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM
ijbstr.org
CORE
CORE TEST
The diameter of the core should not be less than 3 times the
maximum size of aggregate. The length of the core should be
between 1 and 2 times the diameter. After determining the
average strength (fcore) of the moist cores, the estimated actual
cube strength (fcube) is obtained from the following equation:
(fcube) = (D fcore) / (1.5 + 1/)
Where,
SIZE OF CORES
It is considered preferable to use cores with a diameter of
48mm and 75 mm. It allows the use of smaller diameters when
it is impossible to obtain a core with L/D of at least 1, but only
for cases other than load-bearing situations. According to
ASTM C 42, the minimum diameter of the cores is governed
by the maximum aggregate size: it should preferably be at
least three times the nominal maximum size of the coarse
aggregate and must be at least twice the nominal maximum
size European Standard BS EN 12504-1:2000 simply says
that, when the core diameter approaches a value that is less
than 3 times the maximum aggregate size, there is a
significant influence on the measured strength. The reason
for the limitations on the core size is that, unlike a molded
cylinder, in a core some coarse aggregate particles are cut in
the drilling process and are, therefore, not wholly bonded to
the cement paste matrix. The adverse effect of incomplete
bond is aggravated by the difference in the modulus of
elasticity between the aggregate and the cement paste. When a
significant proportion of coarse particles is in that state, some
of them may become partially loosened during the test and
cease to carry their share of the applied load. When this
happens, a lower value of compressive strength is recorded.
This situation is recognized in the assessment of precision of
tests on cores of various sizes. The confidence limits of the
predicted strength of test cubes from the strength of such small
cores are very wide, and I, for one, remain skeptical about the
Dia.(
mm)
Heigh
t(mm)
Weig
ht(gm
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
75.00
74.80
73.50
74.30
72.90
72.30
74.50
74.70
73.90
72.90
74.50
72.30
72.90
73.70
74.50
154.6
156.0
157.0
158.2
161.8
150.0
158.4
157.2
152.0
161.0
163.0
152.6
166.0
159.0
159.0
1320
1320
1350
1370
1350
1350
1370
1310
1300
1310
1380
1330
1340
1300
1310
Crushi
ng
Load(
KN)
105
100
75
110
80
80
120
90
80
100
130
100
90
90
80
Corrected
Compressive
strength of
core(MPai)
25.00
24.00
17.92
26.79
19.48
18.45
26.80
19.90
17.04
23.96
29.11
24.36
21.50
19.65
20.47
10
ijbstr.org
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Dai.(mm)
47.40
47.30
46.40
47.20
45.90
46.70
47.30
47.50
46.80
45.90
47.50
47.30
45.60
46.00
46.30
Height
(mm)
98.50
97.60
94.40
96.30
95.20
99.70
95.30
100.00
94.80
96.10
97.90
98.80
94.40
93.30
98.30
Weight
(gm)
330.0
330.0
337.5
342.5
337.5
337.5
342.5
327.5
325.0
327.5
345.0
332.5
335.0
325.0
327.5
Corrected
compressiv
e strength
of
core(MPai)
16.64
20.14
21.02
22.40
19.50
17.30
24.36
16.88
18.36
21.43
24.64
23.64
19.94
17.37
19.43
Cube
size(mm)
Weight(gm)
Load(KN)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
150150150
150150150
150150150
150150150
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
100100100
8190
8150
8480
8550
8300
8160
8120
8510
8530
8210
8140
7840
8160
8440
8300
510
910
540
850
890
560
630
710
760
570
650
450
780
910
780
Corrected
compressive
strength
22.60
40.45
24.00
37.75
40.10
24.89
28.18
31.98
33.77
25.34
29.10
20.26
35.13
41.26
35.10
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
18.45
26.80
19.90
17.04
23.96
29.11
24.36
21.50
19.68
20.47
23.06
33.50
24.88
21.30
29.35
36.38
30.45
26.80
24.60
25.50
40.00
Equivalent cube strength is 516:195, 6 Relation between
core strength and equivalent cube strength. Cube strength =
5/4 corrected crushing strength.
Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
5
Core strength
25.00
24.00
17.92
26.79
19.48
20.00
0.00
cube
strength
11
ijbstr.org
Chart Title
core strength 75mm dia
50
40
30
40.45 37.75
40.1
41.26
33.77
31.98
22.6
20.14
22.4
21.02
25.00
2426.79 19.5
28.18
24.36
16.64
35.13 35.1
24.00
24.89
29.1
26.80
24.64
17.3
25.34
21.43
23.64
29.11
17.92 19.48
18.36
16.88
18.45 19.90 23.96 24.36
19.94
20.26
19.43
17.37
17.04
21.50
19.68
20.47
20
10
0
1 3 5 7
9 11 13
15
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
12 13 14
15
47.4
47.3
47.2
46.4
47.3
47.5
46.7
45.9
46.847.545.6
40.45
46
46.3
40.1 45.947.3
41.26
37.75
33.77
35.13
35.1
31.98
28.18 29.1
corrected
24.89
22.624
25.34
24.36
22.4
24.64
21.02
20.14
23.64
19.5
compressive
21.43
16.64
20.26
17.316.88
18.36 19.94
19.43
17.37
strength of cube
corrected
compressive
strength of
48mm core dia.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
80
70
60
1 3 5 7
9 11 13
15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
50
40
compressive
strength of
75mm dia. core
30
20
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 1 2 3 4 5
equivalent cube
compressive
strength
10
252418271918272017242924222020
0
1 3 5 7
9 11 13 15
corrected
compressive 234024384025283234252920354135
strength of cube
12
ijbstr.org
5.
6.
50
40
30
compressive
strength of
75mm dia. core
20
10
0
1
7 10
13
compressive
strength of
48mm dia. core
CONCLUSION
From the results of the tested specimen the following
conclusion were made:1. The compare strength of cubes was greater than the
compressive strength of cores.
2. The smaller size cubes (100mm x 100mm x 100mm) give
greater compressive strength of cubes as compared to larger
size (150mm x 150mm x 150mm).
3. The smaller size cubes strength is 1.271 times larger size
cube compressive strength.
4. The strength of cores (48mm) is 5% greater than cores
(75mm).
Reference
1.
2.
3.
4.
13
ijbstr.org