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CompungDeignenivieinCOMOL
Mulphic
WalterFrei(h p://www.comol.com/log/author/walterfrei/)|Augut5,2015
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Oneuefulutinmexperience,rareluedcapailitavailalewithinCOMOL
Mulphicitheailittocomputedeignenivie.Aumingthatouhaveaingle
ojecvefunconthaticomputedaedonour niteelementmodel,oucaneail
computehowenivethiojecvefunconiwithrepecttoanmodelinput,uingonl
thecoreCOMOLMulphicpackage.Inthilogpot,wewilllookathowtouethi
funconalit.
AnIntroductorxample:TheParallelPlateCapacitor
Lettartthiconveraonwithaverimpleprolemcompungthecapacitanceoftwo
parallelatquaremetalplate,ofidelength
,eparatedaditance
,andwithadielectricmaterialofrelavepermivit =2andwichedin
etween.Undertheaumponthatthefringing eldareinigni cant(aratherevere
aumpon,utwewillueitheretogettarted),wecanwriteananalcexpreionforthe
capacitance:
where
ithepermivitoffreepace.
Wecaneaildi erenatethiexpreionwithrepecttoourthreeinputto ndthedeign
Wecaneaildi erenatethiexpreionwithrepecttoourthreeinputto ndthedeign
enivie:
NowletlookatcompungtheeameenivieuingthefunconalitofCOMOL
Mulphic.
chemacofaparallelplatecapacitormodel,neglecngthefringingeld.
Wecantartuildingamodeluingthelectrotacphicinterface.Ourdomainwille
alockoflength andheight witharelavepermivitof .Theoundarcondion
attheo omiaGroundcondion,andatthetop,anlectricPotenalcondionetthe
voltageto
.TheideofthelockhavethedefaultZeroChargeoundarcondion,
whichiequivalenttoneglecngthefringing eld.Wecanolvethimodeland ndthe
voltage eldetweenthetwoplate.aedonthioluon,wecanalocalculatethetem
capacitanceaedontheintegraloftheelectricenergdenit,
,throughouttheenre
model:
Thiequaondoeaumethatoneplate(orterminal)iheldatavoltage ,whileallother
terminalinthemodelaregrounded.Theintegraloftheelectricenergdenitoverall
domainialreadcomputedviatheuiltinvariale comp1.es.intWe ,andwecanueitto
de neanexpreionforthecomputedcapacitance.Ofcoure,wewillwanttocomparethi
valueandourcomputedenivietotheanalcvalueowecande neomevariale
fortheequane.Wecanuetheuiltindi erenaonoperator,d(f(x),x),toevaluatethe
exactenivie,ahowninthecreenhotelow.
Varialeareuedtocomputethemodelcapacitance,awellatocomputetheexactcapacitance
anditenivie.Theuiltindierenaonoperator,forexampled(C_exact,L),caneuedto
evaluatetheexactenivie.
A erolvingourmodel,wecanevaluatethecomputedtemcapacitance,compareittothe
analcvalue,andevaluatethedeignenivieanalcall.Nowletlookathowto
computetheeeniviewithCOMOLMulphic.
Theparameterthatweareconideringa ectoththematerialpropereawellathe
geometricdimenionofthemodel.Whenthedeignparametera ectthegeometr,we
needtouetheDeformedGeometrinterface,whichletuevaluatetheeniviewith
repecttoageometricdeformaon.
Thedeignparameterwillaectachangeinthegeometrahown.Thehiddenfaceexperience
nodiplacementnormaltotheoundarie.
WeintroducetwonewGloalParameter,
and
,whichrepreentachangein
and
WeintroducetwonewGloalParameter,
and
,whichrepreentachangein and
.TheewilleuedintheDeformedGeometrinterface,whichhafourrelevantfeature.
Firt,aFreeDeformaonfeatureiappliedtothedomain,whichmeanthatthecomputaonal
domaincandeformaedontheappliedoundarcondion.Next,PrecriedMeh
Diplacementfeatureareappliedtotheixfaceofthedomain.Inthecreenhotelow,the
deformaon(dL)normaltothefaceiprecriedahownintheketchaove.
ThePrecriedMehDiplacementfeatureareuedtocontrolthediplacementnormaltoall
domainoundarie.
Finall,toactuallcomputetheenivie,wemutaddaenivitnodetothetud
equence.Thiihowninthecreenhotelow.Youwillwanttoentertheojecve
funconexpreion,inthicae C_computed ,awellaallofthedeignparameterthatou
areinteretedintuding.Alo,chooethevalueforthedeignparameteraroundwhichou
wanttoevaluatetheenivie.ince
and
repreentanincrementalchangeinthe
dimenion,wecanleavetheeothatzerotocomputetheeniviefor
and
.Theparametercontrollingthematerialpermivitneednopecialhandling,
otherthantochooeitaoneoftheparameterintheenivittud.
Therearetwooponintheformhownelowforthegradientmethod:
Theadjointmethodifatandoluonmewillnotdependonthenumerof
parametertudied.Infact,theadjointmethodaddonltheequivalentofa
ingleNewtoniteraontothetotalcomputaonalcot.
Theforwardmethodoluonmeincreaewiththenumerofparameter,ut
doeaddionallreturntheenivitoftheenreoluon eld,whichmae
doeaddionallreturntheenivitoftheenreoluon eld,whichmae
uefulinomecae.
Aenivitfeatureuingtheadjointmethodiaddedtothetudequence,andtheeng
howtheojecvefunconandtheparameterthatareconidered.
A erolving,ouwillnowealetogotoReult>DerivedValue>Gloalvaluaonand
entertheexpreion fsens(dL) , fsens(dD) ,and fsens(epsilon_r) toevaluatethe
enivitofthecapacitancewithrepecttothedeignparameter.Ofcoure,oucanalo
comparetheetotheprevioulcomputedanalcenivieandoerveagreement.
Analc
Computed
88.542nF
88.542nF
354.17nF/m
354.17nF/m
1770.8nF/m
1770.8nF/m
Nowthatwehavetheaicideadownintermofcompungtheenivitofthe
capacitanceofthitem,whatelecanwedo?Certainl,wecanmoveontoomemore
complicatedgeometrie,utthereareafewpointthatweneedtokeepinmindawemove
eondthiexample.
LimitaonandcopeWhileCompungDeign
enivie
Therearetwocondionthatmuteful lledforenivitanalitowork.Firt,the
ojecvefunconitelfmutedi erenalewithrepecttotheoluon eld.Thimean
thatojecvefunconuchathemaximumandminimumofa eldarenotpoile.
econd,theparametermuteconnuouintherealnumerpace.Thu,integer
parameter(e.g.,thenumerofpokeonawheel)arenotpoile.
enivitcalculaonarenotcurrentlavailaleforeigenvalueprolem,norratracingor
parcletracing.
ThedeignparameterthemelvearetpicallGloalParameter,utoucanalouethe
enivitinterfacetoaddaControlVarialeFieldde nedoverdomain,oundarie,edge,
andpointadeired.
Ojecvefunconaretpicallde nedintermofintegraloftheoluonoverdomainor
Ojecvefunconaretpicallde nedintermofintegraloftheoluonoverdomainor
oundarie.ItialopoiletoetupanojecvefunconaaProeataparcularlocaon
inthemodelpace.Anderivedquantaedontheoluon eld,uchathepaal
gradientoftheoluon,caneuedapartoftheojecvefuncon.
CloingRemark
Compungdeignenivieihelpfulfordeterminingwhichparametera ectour
ojecvefunconthemotandgiveuanideaaoutwhichparameterwemightwantto
focuonawetarttoconiderdeignchange.omeotherexamplethatuethi
funconalitincludeourtutorialmodelofanaxialmagnecearing
(h p://www.comol.com/model/axialmagnecearinguingpermanentmagnet14367)
andourenivitanaliofacommunicaonmatdetail
(h p://www.comol.com/model/enivitanaliofacommunicaonmatdetail4737).
Ofcoure,thimethodcaneuedinfarmorecaethanwecandecrieatonce.
Thitorconnuewhenwetarttouetheeenivietoimproveourojecve
funconwhereweopmizethedeign.ThicanedonewiththeOpmizaonModule
(h p://www.comol.com/opmizaonmodule),whichwewillcoverinanupcominglogpot.
Categorie
CoreFunconalit (/log/categor/all/corefunconalit/)
PotTag
TechnicalContent(/log/tag/technicalcontent/)
NewerPot
AvoidinghipHullCorroionwithICCPandimulaon
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OlderPot
houldWeModelGrapheneaa2DheetorThin3DVolume?
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volume/)
Comment
IvarKjelerg Augut6,20152:07am
HiWalter
Thankagainforaniceandclearexample,thelogpagearereallhelpfulandreplace
wellthelongmemiingTip&Trickoftheoldv3COMOLNew.
WhatIcouldnotetfromourhortdecriponiifouare,with,calculangthe
capacitanceincludingthefringe elde ectaroundthecapacitorplate.
Theperfectmatchougethowclearlthatenivitcalculaonworkperfectlwhen
weapplpuregeometricaldi erenalequaon,aexpected.
ut,howwelldoetheimpli edgeometricalmodelmatchwhenoneincludetheelectric