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Neutron capture
Slow neutron
Gamma ray
Nucleus
Excited nucleus
Inelastic scattering
Gamma ray
Nucleus
Fast neutron
Excited nucleus
Fast neutron
oxygen and can be run through completion tubing. The RST tool can be operated without killing the well and
removing the completion, and data can
be acquired with the well flowing.
The most important measurement is
the carbon/oxygen ratio (COR) which
can be used to compute oil and water
saturation, independent of water salinity.
The tool also evaluates capture cross
section, so water salinity analysis can be
performed in cases where there is complex mixing of formation and injection
water. Finally, the RST tool provides a
Injection water
1:300 ft
Injection water
Formation water
Formation water
Formation water
Formation water
Gas
Gas
Oil
Oil
Oil
Oil
Calcite
Calcite
Calcite
Calcite
Dolomite
Dolomite
Dolomite
Dolomite
Sigma only
Sigma + COR
Sigma + TPHI
(%)
100
(%)
100
(%)
100
(%)
XX500
XX600
XX700
100
Fig. 3.2: The combination of sigma, COR and TPHI measurements allows the interpreter to
evaluate gas, oil, freshwater and saline water saturations with a single tool
33
12500
50
Oil
Shut-in period
Water
40
7500
10000
2500
30
20
10
0
68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96
Year
68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96
Year
Fig. 3.3: Production history for South Umm Gudair (SUG) Field
80
70
34
Before workover
After workover
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2
7
8
9
Well number
12
14
15
16
21
12
14
15
16
21
8000
Oil gain
Before workover
7000
After workover
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2
7
8
9
Well number
Fig. 3.4: The workovers in SUG Field (including the workover of one new infill
well) yielded an increase of 29 thousand BOPD from 13 wells. Water production
fell by more than 50%, eliminating 16,000 BWPD
WATQ94
GRTDT94
0
GAPHI
PHIE
100
0.5
Decimal
Feet
SWOH66
BWPD
QGROSS94
5000
Decimal
SWTDT94
GPBD
5000
Fraction
PERFS
20
M1-X660X665
X690
M2-X690X700
X710
M3-X710-
M4-X760M5-X768-
X770
P. B. Q.-X778X785
M6-X788-
Thief zone
(X785-X794)
X800
M7-X808-
X830
M8-X848-
M9-X864-
M10-X902-
X900
M12-X940-
35