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Abstract: Limestone is usually ground with clinker, gypsum and mineral additives to produce blended Portland cement [2,3,4,7]. In
this case, the main size of limestone is 2030 m, limestone plays a role as filler. However, using ultrafine limestone powder (with the
main size is about 23 m) creates many different properties, it becomes a mineral additive to increase the quality of cement. This
paper presented some results about the effect of ultrafine limestone powder from Yenbai with a reasonable amount on some properties
of Butson portland cement. When we used ultrafine limestone powder with a reasonable amount, the early strength of cement increases
20%; simultaneously, the bleeding of cement decreases.
Keywords: cement, additive, ultrafine limestone, properties, strength
1. INTRODUCTION
Cement production technology has a long life and has much
improved compared to the past in order to improve
productivity, and the quality of cement. However, two major
problems in cement production is always attracted, the
reduction of production cost and waste pollution. One of the
effective measures to solve this problem is the use of mineral
additives [7].
This paper refers to some resuls about the effect of ultrafine
limestone powder on some properties of cement. The goal
raised the possibility of using ultrafine limestone partially
substitute clinker in cement, contribute to improve some
properties of cement, simulanously, reduce CO2 emissions
from the process of cement production.
10
25
50
75
90
0,545
0,773
1,871
3,040
4,834
SiO2
Fe2O3
Al2O3
CaO
MgO
43,53
0,18
0,009
0,039
54,98
0,5
2.2 Methods
Some physical properties: TCVN.
2. EXPERIMENTAL
2.1 Materials
SiO2
64,88 21,24
5,27
3,19
2,26
0,94
1,88 0,33
Water demand
(% mass)
S0
S5
Sample
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Setting time
(min)
Water/Cement
Spread (mm)
Water/Rigid
Bleeding
(%)
Initial
Final
27,20
96
150
0,5
86,25
0,9
16,01
26,00
55
115
0,5
79,00
0,9
12,72
374
10
26,40
52
110
0,5
63,75
0,9
5,68
S15
15
26,80
45
94
0,5
53,50
0,9
3,22
S20
20
26,80
40
104
0,5
59,38
0,9
2,03
S25
25
28,00
35
98
0,5
58,13
0,9
1,16
S30
30
29,20
44
90
0,5
46,63
0,9
1,17
S35
35
29,60
37
93
0,5
51,38
0,9
0,56
Sample
UL,
%
mass
1
day
3
days
7
days
14
days
28
days
60
days
1
day
3
days
7
days
14
days
28
days
60
days
S0
14,4
28,4
36,7
40,5
43,5
50,0
100
100
100
100
100
100
S5
17,0
33,2
39,0
40,4
45,1
46,9
118
117
106
100
104
94
S10
10
17,4
32,4
40,9
44,9
45,6
47,1
121
114
111
111
105
94
S15
15
17,5
32,1
41,8
42,6
47,8
45,5
122
113
114
105
110
91
S20
20
17,4
32,6
38,2
37,8
45,3
43,8
121
115
104
93
104
88
S25
25
17,2
31,6
35,7
33,8
40,8
39,0
119
111
97
83
94
78
S30
30
15,8
25,7
31,4
34,9
38,2
34,5
110
90
86
86
88
69
S35
35
14,9
25,6
26,8
29,6
31,8
31,5
103
90
73
73
73
63
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375
(b) Declination
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Experiment:Mau S0
Crucible:PT 100 l
Labsys TG
Figure:
Atmosphere:Air
Mass (mg): 64.82
TG/%
HeatFlow/V
Experiment:Mau S15
Crucible:PT 100 l
Atmosphere:Air
Labsys TG
TG/%
HeatFlow/V
Exo
Exo
0
0
14
20
Peak :772.48 C
Peak :837.40 C
-10
-10
7
10
Peak :520.69 C
Peak :138.82 C
Peak :518.94 C
-20
Peak :135.41 C
-20
0
0
-30
-30
Mass variation: -15.33 %
-7
-10
-40
-40
-14
-20
-50
-50
Mass variation: -5.65 %
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Furnace temperature /C
100
200
300
Experiment:Mau S0 2009-06-04
500
600
700
800
900
Furnace temperature /C
Crucible:PT 100 l
Labsys TG
400
Figure:
Atmosphere:Air
Mass (mg): 49.53
TG/%
Crucible:PT 100 l
Atmosphere:Air
Labsys TG
HeatFlow/V
TG/%
HeatFlow/V
Exo
Exo
18
0
18
Peak :777.89 C
12
Peak :848.20 C
-10
9
6
Peak :525.87 C
Peak :139.97 C
Peak :134.27 C
Peak :513.59 C
-10
-20
-6
-30
-9
-12
-20
Mass variation: -3.98 %
-40
-18
-18
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Furnace temperature /C
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Furnace temperature /C
S0
500oC
100 500oC
<100oC
1,2
14
12,8
2,3
17
14,7
14
2,5
15,4
12,9
1,3
15,1
13,8
S15
500oC
100 500oC
377
d=4.916
400
d=2.626
200
d=1.486
d=1.687
d=1.795
d=1.763
d=2.753
d=1.925
d=2.881
d=3.880
d=9.786
d=8.684
d=16.174
100
d=12.834
d=3.033
Lin (Cps)
300
0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
2-Theta - Scale
File: SonBK Q0.raw - Type: Locked Coupled - Start: 5.000 - End: 65.000 - Step: 0.030 - Step time: 0.3 s - Temp.: 25 C (Room) - Time Started: 13 s - 2-Theta: 5.000 - Theta: 2.500 - Chi: 0.00 - Phi:
01-087-0673 (A) - Portlandite, syn - Ca(OH)2 - Y: 53.09 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Hexagonal - a 3.58900 - b 3.58900 - c 4.91100 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Primitive - P-3m1 (164) 00-009-0414 (D) - Ettringite, syn - Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)1225H2O - Y: 13.67 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Hexagonal - a 11.23000 - b 11.23000 - c 21.44000 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Pri
01-073-0599 (C) - Calcium Silicate Oxide - Ca3(SiO4)O - Y: 17.38 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Rhombo.H.axes - a 7.05670 - b 7.05670 - c 24.97400 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Primitiv
d=3.030
280
270
260
250
240
230
Lin (Cps)
210
200
d=2.624
d=4.909
220
190
180
170
160
150
140
130
50
40
d=1.483
60
d=1.685
d=2.097
70
d=2.284
80
d=3.114
90
d=5.586
d=9.666
100
d=1.794
110
d=1.925
d=2.779
120
30
20
10
0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
2-Theta - Scale
File: SonBK MauS15.raw - Type: Locked Coupled - Start: 5.000 - End: 65.000 - Step: 0.030 - Step time: 0.3 s - Temp.: 25 C (Room) - Time Started: 12 s - 2-Theta: 5.000 - Theta: 2.500 - Chi: 0.00 01-087-0673 (A) - Portlandite, syn - Ca(OH)2 - Y: 66.27 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Hexagonal - a 3.58900 - b 3.58900 - c 4.91100 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Primitive - P-3m1 (164) 00-009-0414 (D) - Ettringite, syn - Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)1225H2O - Y: 27.94 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Hexagonal - a 11.23000 - b 11.23000 - c 21.44000 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Pri
01-086-2334 (A) - Calcite - Ca(CO3) - Y: 91.78 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Rhombo.H.axes - a 4.98800 - b 4.98800 - c 17.06099 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Primitive - R-3c (167) - 6 01-073-0599 (C) - Calcium Silicate Oxide - Ca3(SiO4)O - Y: 23.67 % - d x by: 1. - WL: 1.5406 - Rhombo.H.axes - a 7.05670 - b 7.05670 - c 24.97400 - alpha 90.000 - beta 90.000 - gamma 120.000 - Primitiv
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(a) S0
(b) S15
4. CONCLUSION
Used up to 15% additives still maintains the basic
properties of
cement followed by Vietnamese
standards.
Improved approximately 1020% strength at the early
ages when we used to 15% additives.
The dehydration reduced. Specially, the bleeding rate
reduced significantly from 16% in the pure cement
sample to just under 3% when we used to 15%
additives.
5. REFERENCES
[1] E. Sakai, H. Imoto and M. Daimon (2003), Hydration of
Limestone Portland Cement, Proceeding Internation
Scientific Workshop Cement and Concrete Technology,
pp 8 13 , Hanoi.
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