Marine Heat Engines and

Thermodynamic
Data Book

Date: May 2016

Version: 1.3

2016 City of Glasgow College

Charity Number: SC0 36198

H0EB 35 Data Book

Contents
Standard Data-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
Names in the Metric System----------------------------------------------------------------3
Conversion Chart for Metric Units---------------------------------------------------------3
Greek Alphabet-------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Various Substances-----------------------------4
Coefficients of Thermal Conductivity-----------------------------------------------------4
Latent Heat-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
Specific Heats of Gases---------------------------------------------------------------------5
Specific Heat and Linear Expansion of Solids--------------------------------------------5
Specific Heat and Volume Expansion for Liquids----------------------------------------5
Periodic Table of the Elements-------------------------------------------------------------6
Formulae-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
Expansion--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
Energy------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
Perfect Gas Laws-----------------------------------------------------------------------------8
Constants--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
IC Engines-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9

2016 City of Glasgow College

H0EB 35 Data Book

Standard Data
Names in the Metric System
Value
1 000 000 000 000
1 000 000 000
1 000 000
1 000
100
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.000 001
0.000 000 001
0.000 000 000 001

Exponent
1012
109
106
103
102
101
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12

Symbol
T
G
M
k
h
da
d
c
m

n
p

Prefix
Trea
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Hecto
Deca
Deci
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
Pico

Conversion Chart for Metric Units

To
To
Convert: Milli-

KiloHectoDecaMetre,
Gram,
Litre
DeciCentiMilli-

To
Centi-

To
Deci-

X106
X105
X104

X105
X104
X103

X104
X103
X102

X103

X102

X101

X102
X101

X101

To
Metre,
Gram,
Litre
X103
X102
X101

X10-1
X10-2
X10-3

X10-1
X10-2

X10-1

To
Deca-

To
Hecto-

X102
X101

To
Kilo-

X101
X10

X10-1
X10-2

-1

X10-1

X10-2

X10-3

X10-2
X10-3
X10-4

X10-3
X10-4
X10-5

X10-4
X10-5
X10-6

Greek Alphabet
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsilon
Zeta
Eta
Theta

Iota
Kappa
Lambda
Mu
Nu
Xi
Omicron
Pi

2016 City of Glasgow College

Rho
Sigma
Tau
Upsilon
Phi
Kai
Psi
Omega

H0EB 35 Data Book

Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Various Substances

Water (Fresh)
Water (Sea
Average)
Aluminium
Brass
Brick
Clay
Copper
Cork
Glass
Gold
Iron (Cast)
Iron (wrought)
Lead
Magnesium
Mercury

1.00

Mica

2.9

1.03

Nickel

8.6

2.56
8.40
2.10
1.9
8.77
0.24
2.5
19.3
7.21
7.78
11.4
1.74
13.6

Oil (olive)
Oil (petroleum)
Oil (turpentine)
Paraffin
Silicon
Silver
Steel (mild)
Sulphur
Tin
Tungsten
Wood (pine)
Wood (teak)
Zinc

0.92
0.76-0.86
0.87
0.86
2.6
10.57
7.87
2.07
7.3
19.1
0.56
0.8
7.0

1 litre = 0.001m3

1kg of water has a volume of 1 litre.

Standard Atmosphere
101325Pa (1.01325bar) which is equivalent to 760mmHg, 29.92inHg and 14.696psi

Coefficients of Thermal Conductivity

Material
Air
Aluminium
Brass
Brick
Concrete
Copper
Cork
Felt

K
(W/mC)
0.025
206
104
0.6
0.85
380
0.043
0.038

Material
Glass
Glass, fibre
Iron, cast
Plastic, cellular
Steel
Wood
Wallboard, paper

Latent Heat
Latent heat of fusion for Ice = 335kJ/kg
Latent heat of steam from and to 100C = 2257kJ/kg

2016 City of Glasgow College

K
(W/mC)
1.0
0.04
70
0.04
60
0.15
0.076

H0EB 35 Data Book

Specific Heats of Gases

Gas

CP (kJ/kgK)
1.005
2.060
0.825
1.051
5.234
14.235
1.105
2.177
1.043
0.913
0.632

Air
Ammonia
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Helium
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Sulphide
Methane
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Sulphur Dioxide

CV (kJ/kgK)
0.718
1.561
0.630
0.751
3.153
10.096
0.85
1.675
0.745
0.652
0.451

Specific Heat and Linear Expansion of Solids

Solid
Aluminium
Antimony
Bismuth
Brass
Carbon
Cobalt
Copper
Glass
Gold
Ice

C
(kJ/kgK)

(x10 /C)

0.909
0.209
0.125
0.383
0.795
0.402
0.388
0.896
0.130
2.135

23.8
17.5
12.4
18.4
7.9
12.3
16.5
9.0
14.2
50.4

Solid

-6

Iron (Cast)
Iron (wrought)
Lead
Nickel
Platinum
Silicon
Silver
Steel (mild)
Tin
Zinc

C
(kJ/kgK
)
0.544
0.465
0.131
0.452
0.134
0.741
0.235
0.494
0.230
0.389

(x10-6/C)

10.4
12.0
29.0
13.0
8.6
7.8
19.5
12.0
26.7
16.5

Specific Heat and Volume Expansion for Liquids

Liquid
Alcohol (ethyl)
Ammonia
Benzine
Carbon Dioxide
Mercury

C
(kJ/kgK)
2.470
0.473
1.738
3.643
0.139

2016 City of Glasgow College

3
(x104
/C)
11.0
12.4
1.82
1.80

Liquid
Olive Oil
Petroleum
Lubricating Oil
Turpentine
Water

C
(kJ/kgK
)
1.633
2.135
2.093
1.800
4.183

3
(x104
/C)
12.0
9.4
3.7

H0EB 35 Data Book

Periodic Table of the Elements

2016 City of Glasgow College

H0EB 35 Data Book

Formulae
Expansion
L=Lo T

A=A o 2 T

V =V o 3 T

1
E K= m c 2
2

E P=mgZ

Q=mC T

Q=mL

Energy
W =Fd

P=

E
t

2016 City of Glasgow College

H0EB 35 Data Book

Q=

Q=UAt

U=

1
RT

P1
P2

( )

QW = U

S=mc v ln

^
Q= T

Q= At ( T E4 T A 4 )

H=mC P T

W =mRTln

kAt
x

T2
T1

U =mC V T

H=U + PV

W=

P1 V 1P2 V 2
n1

E F=PV

S=mR ln

P1
P2

c c 1
W
=m
( h2h1 ) + 2
Q
+ g ( Z 2Z 1 )
2

S=mc p ln

T2
T1

Heat Transfer through Curved Shapes

R=

r
1
ln o
2 kL r i

R=

1
h2 rsL

R=

1 1 1

4 k r i r o

R=

1
h 4 r 2s

Q=
R

Perfect Gas Laws

P1 V 1 P2 V 2
=
T1
T2

2016 City of Glasgow College

PV =mRT

R=C P C V

H0EB 35 Data Book

~
R
R= ~
M

T 1 P1
=
T 2 P2

n1
n

V
= 2
V1

( ) ( )

n1

CP
CV

Constants
Universal Gas Constant:

8.314kJ/kgK

Stephan Boltzmann Constant:

56.697x10-12kW/m2K4

Nozzles
C2 = 2 h+C1
V c =V 1

n+1
2

V
A=
C

1
( n1
)

( )

2016 City of Glasgow College

C c = n Pc V C

Pc =P1

2
n+1

( n1n )

( )

C2 = nC p ( T 1T 2 )

H0EB 35 Data Book

IC Engines
Pi =

AC
k
LC

I =Pi lAn
W

B=2 NT
W

mech =

B
W
I
W

B=Pb lAn
W

S =m
f CV
Q

T =Fr

thB =

U P =2 ln

B
W
S
Q

sfc=

thI =

I
W
S
Q

m
f
Q th

Air Compressors
r p z=

P2
P1

r v =r p n

vol =1x ( r v 1 )

iso =

w T =z

n
( n1
) m R (T T )
2

wiso
wT

Blade Velocity
c =k C ri

c b=2 Nr

2 CwCb
C ai

PT
EK

2016 City of Glasgow College

F b =m
Cw

10

P=m
Cb C w

Fa =m
Cf