QA Dice

Coins
In tossing of a fair coin, there are two possible outcome, viz., head (H) and tail (T). So, the
sample space in this random experiment is S = {H, T}
When two fair coins are tossed together, the sample space S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}, therefore
a) The possible outcomes of the experiment are HH, HT, TH and TT. So the sample
space is given by S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
b) Probability of getting 2 heads =
c) Probability of getting 2 tails =
d) Probability of getting 1 head and 1 tail =
Consider a random experiment of tossing three coins at a time. Find the probability
a)
b)
c)
d)

atleast two heads

atleast one head and atmost two heads
all the three coins identical
tail on the first coin

Following are the various events.

E1 = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH}
E2 = {HHT, HTH, THH, TTH, HTT, THT}
E3 = {HHH, TTT}
E4 = {THH, TTH, THT, TTT}
Where E1 is the event of getting atleast two heads and E 2 is the event of getting atleast one
head and atmost two heads. E3 is the event of getting all the three coins identical and E 4 is
the event of getting tail on the first coin.
So
a)
b)
c)
d)

4/8 =
6/8=
2/8=
4/8 =

1) From 10 different tosses of a fair coin, find the probability that I have 7 heads & 3
tails.
7

1
1
Answer: P 10 C3
2

2) From 10 different tosses find the probability that first 3 coins are all heads

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Answer:

3) From 10 different tosses find the probability that heads occur only in the even
positions.
In the odd positions, tails will occur. So for 5 odd numbered tosses there is only one
outcome i.e. tails. For the evne numbered tosses the outcome maybe tails or heads. The
questions does not say that every even numbered toss has to be heads. It says that
heads can only occur in even numbered tosses.
So the answer is :
4) From 10 different tosses, find the probability that at least 2 are heads
Answer:
Probability of 0 heads = 1/210
Probability of 1 head = 10C1 x (

x(

So probability of at least 2 heads = 1 (1/210) -

Dice
A die is a cubical solid having 6 similar faces. In each of the six faces there are unique
numbers from 1 to 6.
When two unbiased dice are rolled (or tossed) simultaneously then there are total 6 6 = 36
possible outcomes.
So, the sample space
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
{(

(
(

(
(

(
(
(
(
(
(

Solved Examples:
1)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

An unbiased dice is rolled. Find the probability of:

Getting a number greater than or equal to 3: {3, 4, 5, 6} = 4/6= 2/3
Getting an even number: {2, 4, 6} = 3/6= 1/2
Getting an odd number : {1, 3, 5}= 3/6= 1/2
Getting a prime number: {2, 3, 5} =3/6=
Getting a number multiple of 2: {2, 4, 6}=3/6=

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2)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)

2 unbiased dice are rolled. Find the probability that the 2 dice has a:
Sum of 2
Sum of 3
Sum of 4
Sum of 5
Sum of 6
Sum of 7
sum as 8,
Sum is 9
Sum of 10
Sum of 11
Sum of 12
Sum is more than 9
Product of 25
Same score on both dice
Odd number on the first die and even number on the second die
Prime number on each of the two dice.
2nd die is twice of 1st die

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)

E1 = {(1, 1)}
E1 = {(1, 2), (2, 1)}
E1 = {(1, 3), (3, 1), (2, 2)}
E1 = {(1, 4), (4, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)}
E1 = {(1, 5), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 2), (5, 1)}
E1 = {(1, 6), (6, 1), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3)}
E = {(1, 7), (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), 5, 3), (6, 2), (7, 1)}
E2 = {(1, 8), (2, 7), (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3), (7, 2), (8, 1)}
E1 = {(4, 6), (6, 4), (5,5)}
E1 = (5, 6), (6, 5)
E2 = {(6,6)}
E1 = {(1, 8), (2, 7), (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3), (7, 2), (8, 1), (5, 6), (6, 5), (6,6)}
E3 = {(5, 5)}
E1 = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6)}
E3 = {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (3, 2), (3, 4), (3, 6), (5, 2), (5, 4), (5, 6)}
E4 = {(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 5)}
E3 = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6)}

Therefore probability =
a) 136

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b) 2 36
c) 3 36
d)

e)

f)

g)

h)

i)

j)

k)

l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)

36
36

36
36
36
36
36
36

1/6
1/36
1/6

1/12

3) When a die and a coin are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of getting a
6 on the die and a heads on the coin?
Answer:
There are total 12 possible outcomes.
So the simple space
(
(
(
(
(
Probability = 1/12
{

(
(

(
(

(
(

4) A coin is tossed twice. If the second throw results in a tail, then a die is thrown.
What is the probability of getting an odd number on the dice?
Answer:
So in this random experiment sample space.
{

Probability= 6/14= 3/7

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