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  • Viruses: Review The Structure of DNA

    Загружено:

    Shashi Kant Khalkho
    8 просмотров2 страницы
    Viruses have no cellular structure and can only reproduce inside host cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses infect cells through attachment, penetration, biosynthesis of new viral components, and maturation and release of new viruses. There are two cycles of viral reproduction - lytic causes cells to burst, lysogenic causes dormancy. Viruses are named based on the diseases they cause, where they were discovered, or the animals that carry them. New conventions focus on taxonomy.

    Исходное описание:

    types of virues

    Оригинальное название

    Viruses (Notes)

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    Viruses have no cellular structure and can only reproduce inside host cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses infect cells through attachment, penetration, biosynthesis of new viral components, and maturation and release of new viruses. There are two cycles of viral reproduction - lytic causes cells to burst, lysogenic causes dormancy. Viruses are named based on the diseases they cause, where they were discovered, or the animals that carry them. New conventions focus on taxonomy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
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    8 просмотров2 страницы

    Viruses: Review The Structure of DNA

    Загружено:

    Shashi Kant Khalkho
    Viruses have no cellular structure and can only reproduce inside host cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses infect cells through attachment, penetration, biosynthesis of new viral components, and maturation and release of new viruses. There are two cycles of viral reproduction - lytic causes cells to burst, lysogenic causes dormancy. Viruses are named based on the diseases they cause, where they were discovered, or the animals that carry them. New conventions focus on taxonomy.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 2

    12/8/2015

    Viruses(notes)

    Viruses
    Propertiesofviruses
    nomembranes,cytoplasm,ribosomes,orothercellularcomponents
    theycannotmoveorgrow
    theycanonlyreproduceinsideahostcell
    2majorpartsaproteincoat,andDNAorRNA
    theyareextremelytiny,smallerthancellsandonlyvisiblewithelectronmicroscopes

    ReviewthestructureofDNA
    RNAissimilartoDNA

    Shapeofadoublehelix,repeatingunitsofnucleotides
    Basepairsheldtogetherbyhydrogenbonds(weak)
    Adenine|Thymine
    Guanine|Cytosine

    Insteadofthymine,ithasuracil
    Ithasthesugarribose,insteadofdeoxyribose
    Itissinglestranded

    ThesidesoftheDNAmadeofalternatingdeoxyribose(5ringsugar)and
    phosphates

    VirusStructure
    Virushasacoveringthathasacapsidandsometimesanenvelope
    Innercorecontainsanucleicacidmolecule(DNAorRNA)andvariousproteins
    Virusesareusuallyveryspecifictotheirhostandtothecellstheycaninfect.

    ViralReproduction
    SeeVideoonHowaVirusInvadesYourBody(NPR)
    Lyticcycle=reproductionoccurs,cellsburst
    Lysogeniccycle=reproductiondoesnotimmediatelyoccur(dormancy)
    1.Attachmentspecificproteinsoncellsurfaceattachtothevirus(SeeAnimation:EntryofViruses)
    2.Penetrationthevirusisengulfedbythecell(CellcanenterLysogenicorLyticCycle)
    3.Biosynthesisviralcomponentsaremade(proteincoat,capsid,DNA/RNA)
    4.Maturationassemblyofviralcomponents
    5.Releasevirusesleavehostcelltoinfectnewcells(oftendestroyshost)
    (See:AnimationatMcGrawLambaPhageReplicationCycle)

    TypesofViruses
    Bacteriophagevirusesthatinfectbacteria.
    http://www.biologycorner.com/APbiology/pathology/virus.html

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    12/8/2015

    Viruses(notes)

    RetrovirusesRNAvirusesthathaveaDNAstage

    HowAreVirusesNamed
    Historicallytheyhavebeennamedforavarietyoffactors,including
    theassociateddiseases(poliovirus,rabies)thetypeofdiseasecaused(murineleukemiavirus)
    thesitesinthebodyaffectedorfromwhichtheviruswasfirstisolated(rhinovirus,adenovirus)
    wheretheywerefirstisolated(Ebolavirus,Hantavirus)
    theanimalthatcarriesthevirus(birdflu,swineflu)
    forthewaypeopleimaginedtheywerecontracted(dengue=evilspiritinfluenza=influenceofbadair).
    NewerConventions
    ExampleofanInfluenzaVirusNaming

    FocusonHumanImmunodeficiencyVirus
    CausesthediseaseAIDS(AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome)
    HIVInfectionCycle(animation)|HIVLifeCycledrugstargetspecificviralprocesses
    HIVColoringAssignment*Makesureyouunderstandthestepsinvolvedininfectionandhowdrugstreatthedisease.
    RelatedtoViruses
    Viroidsevensmallerthanviruses,consistofRNAstrandsthatlackaproteincoat
    Prions"rogueprotein",believedtobethecauseofMadCowDisease,alsomaycauseKuruincannibaltribes

    TreatmentofViruses
    Vaccines
    AntiviralDrugs

    http://www.biologycorner.com/APbiology/pathology/virus.html

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