MSS SP-45

Bypass and Drain Connections
Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
ManufacturersStandardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, NE
Vienna, Virginia 22180
(703) 281-6613
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n.
MSS
PRACTICESTANDARD
SP-45
An MSS Standard Practice is intended as a basis for common practice

by the manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of
an MSS Standard Practice does notin itself preclude the manufacture,
sale, or use of products not conformingto the Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance is established only by referencein a code, specification, sales contract, or public law, as applicable.
U.S. customary units in this SP are the standard; the metric units are for reference only.
In this Standard Practice all notes, annexes, tables, and figures are construed to be essential to the
understanding of the message, and are considered part of the text unless noted as supplemental.
All footnotes appearing in this document are construed as supplemental wheretheir information
does not modify the text to which they refer.
Non-toleranced dimensions in this Standard Practice are nominal, and, unless otherwise specified,
shall be considered for reference only.
Substantive changes in this 1998 edition are flagged as shown on

the margins of this paragraph. The specificdetail of the change may
be determined by comparing the material flagged with that in the
previous
Any part of thisstandardmay be quoted. Credit lines should read

ExtractedfromMSS SP-45-1998,
with permissionofthepublisher,theManufacturersStandardizationSociety.
Reprohction
prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission
is granted by the Manufacturers
Standardization Societyof the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Originally approved July 1953
Copyright O, 1982 by
Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed inU.S.A.
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MSS
P R A C T I C ES T A N D A R D
SP-45
FOREWORD
The 1953 edition of MSS SP-45-1953By-pass andDrain
Connection Standard was a
Standard
combination of two former MSS Standard Practices; MSS SP-5-1944By-passSize
and MSS-SP-28-1943 Drain Tapping Standard. As the subject matter of these two standards is
so closely related they were combined as a convenience to the user.
MSSSP-5was originally adopted in1924 and applied to steelgatevalvesonly.Bosses
on
steelcastings of that periodpresented a morecomplexproblem than castings of other metals
and the diversification of requests in regard to size, location and number of bosses on the part
ofusers prompted the MSS to initiate a standardization program on the subject. The original
standard established the number of bosses, minimum O.D. of boss and the pipe thread size for
steel gate valvesinsizes 3 to 24 inchinclusive.Thebosseswereintended
to beused for both
by-pass and drain connections.
In 1937 a new edition of SF5 was adopted. This edition was greatlyexpanded over the
original and 'included both cast iron and steel valves in the gate, globe and angle patterns. The
subject matter was confined to by-passesonlyand standard locations were established for the
by-pass on each type ofvalve.Twosetsofby-passsizeswereestablished;
one for the purpose
of warming up main lines before opening the main valve and one for the purpose of balancing
the pressure on both sides of the mainvalve to facilitate its operation. The edition has been
periodically reaffirmed up to the promulgation of the new MSS SP-45.
MSS SP-28was originally adopted in1937 and was also prompted by the variety of user
requests for connections on valves and fittings at odd locations andvaryingsizes,with
and
without bosses.SP-28established standard drain sizes for eachsizevalve and fitting, standard
maximumsizes
for unbossed tappings and standard locations with standard symbols to
at whichtime a standard method of
designate the location. MSS SP-28wasrevisedin1945
designating openings of reducing fittings was added. This standard was also periodically
reaffirmed.
standards so thatthe userhasall
The 1953 edition of MSS SP-45combinedthesetwo
information pertaining to by-pass and drain connections in a single document. In this edition
the newer methods of making attachments, suchasbutt-weld
and socket-weldhavebeen
recognized.
The 1971 edition expanded the coverageof the document byincludingcoverage of ball
valves. In preparing this edition, the entire standard wasreviewed and up-dated to keeppace
with the expanding technology.
The 1976 edition expanded the
coverage of the bypass sizes to include valves through NPS
48 and thedocument has been metricized.
The 1982 edition expanded the coverage of the documentto include plug valves.
The 1987 edition was a reaffmation of the 1982 edition with no substantive change.
The 1992edition changed the title, removed metric units and made
several editorial changes.
IThe 1998 edition added metric units, and made several editorial and format changes.
11
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MSS
SP-45
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
PAGE
FOREWORD ....................................................................
TABLE OFCONTENTS .......................................................
SCOPE .........................................................................
LOCATIONANDSYMBOLS ...................................................
STANDARDDRAINSIZES ....................................................
STANDARD BYPASS SIZES ...................................................
BYPASS LOCATIONS
DRAIN & BYPASS CONNECTION DIMENSIONS ..............................
BOSSES ........................................................................
REDUCINGFITTINGS .........................................................
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
..
11
...
u1
1
1
1
..........................................................2
6.
7.
TABLE
3
3
3
1.
STANDARDDRAINSIZES ................................................... 1
BYPASS SIZE .................................................................
2
2.
3.
CONNECTION DIMENSIONS .................................................
4 1
................................................
..................................................................
FIGURE 1 -?MINIMUMTHREAD LENGTH

3
2.
WELDING SOCKET DIMENSIONS ........................................... 3
3"BUTI"WELD
4
4 - BOSSES ....................................................................... 4
5 -METHOD OF DESIGNATINGLOCATION OF OPENING FOR
DRAINS& BYPASSES ........................................................ 5
6 - METHOD OF DESIGNATINGLOCATION OF OPENING FOR
DRAINS ......................................................................
6
1ANNEXA-REFERENCEDSTANDARDS ..................................................
iii
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7 1
MSS
SP-45
BYPASS AND DRAINCONNECTIONS

1.
2.2 When a tap is required at some other

location, it is recommended that the manufacturer be consulted as to their practicability, andboththe
inquiry andtheorder
should be
accompanied with a sketch indicating the location upon thefitting or valve
body.
SCOPE
1.1 This Standard Practice coversconneG

tions to valves and fittings to accommodate
drains
and bypasses in all pressure classes.
1.2 Specific
requirements
covered
are:
a) Standard Symbols and locations of

openings for drains and bypasses.
3.
STANDARD
DRAlN
SlZES
b) Standard size of drains andbypass

Whenopenings.
Minimum
c)
purchaser,
byspecified
tappings.
bypass and
thread lengths
in
fittingsrequire
and valves
drain
openings,they are regularlyfurnishedwith
the size shown in Table I unless
otherwise
drain
d) Minimum diameter and depth of

socketweld connection for drainand
bypass.
e) Butt-welding connection for drain

and bypass.
f) Bosses
for
drain
g) Methodfor designating outlets of

reducing fittings.
DN
NPS
DN
2-4
50- 100
1/2
15
5-8
, 125-200
314
20
25
NPS
and
bypass
Drain Size
Valve or Fitting Size
connection.
2.
TABLE 1 - DRAIN SIZES
10 - 24
250 - 600
LOCATION AND SYMBOLS

2.1 Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the application
4.
of standard symbols forthe locations of
openings for
drain
and
bypass connections
recognized as
standard.
These
symbols
should be regularly employed on drawings,
specifications, requisitions, and
other instruments
used in the transactions of business.
oversize
bypass,
STANDARD BYPASS SlZES

When
valves
are ordered with
bypass
attached, the size of bypass shall be as shown
in Table 2, except where unusual service
conditions warrant consideration of a special
then the installation of the
bypass arund the mainvalveisrecommended wherever possible.
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SP-45
I TABLE 2 -BYPASS SIZES I
5.2 Globe Valves.Whenglobevalves

are
orderedwithbypass
attached, itshall be
regular practice to attach bypass at the right5
handsideof
the mainvalve,(seeFigure
locations E & F) with the stems of both valves
parallel, pointing vertically upward. When
bypass may be specially required attached
at the left-hand side, (see Figure 5 locations
A & B) the designation shallbeleft-hand
attachment. Right-hand sideof a globe valve
is the side at the right, when facing the flow
port which leads to the underside of the disc.
10 (250)
12 (300)
14 (350)
16
(400)
18 (450)
-~
24 (600)
30 (750)
36
(900)
42 (1100)
48 (1200)
I
1
1
I
1
1
1
I
I
(25)
(25)
(25)
(25)
(25)
20
(500)
(25)
(25)
(25)
(25)
(25)
2
2
3
3
3.
4
4
6
6
8.
(50)
(50)
(80)
(80)
(80)
(100)
(100)
(150)
(150)
(200)
5.3AngleValves.Whenanglevalves
are
ordered withbypass attached, it shall be
regular practiceto attachbypass at the back of
the main valve, (see Figure5 locations E & F)
with the stems of both parallel, pointing
may be
vertically upward. Whenbypass
specia1lyrequired attached at the right-hand
or left-hand side, (see Figure
5 locationsC & D
and A & B respectively) the designation shall
be right-hand attachment or left-hand
attachment. Right-hand side of an angle
valve is at the right, when facing the back of
the valve.
NOTES:
(al Series A is forpreheating the piping system.(normally
with steam) before opening main valve
and forbalancing pressures where lines areof limited volume.
Series B is for lines conveying gases or liquids where
bypassing may facilitate the operation of the main
valve by balancing the pressure on both sides of the
disc or discs. Theselarger sizes may be of the bolted on
type.
5.
5.4 CheckValves.Whencheckvalves
are
ordered with bypass attached, itis standard
practice to attach thebypass at the side of the
check valve so that the bypass valve stemand
the checkvalve cap both point upward. If
location of bypassis important its location
should be specified according to Figure 5.
BYPASS
LOCATIONS
5. I Gate Valves.
When
gate valves are
regular practice to attach the bypass at the
side of the main valve with the stems of both
valves pointing upward. The more common
of the Special attached locations is on the
center of the flow line, at the bottom of the
main valve, (see Figure 5 locations C & D)
with the stem of the bypassvalve at right
angles to the main
valve
stem.
This is
designated as the bottom attachment, or
defined as bypass at the bottom. When any
other special attached location or other
position of the bypass valve stem is
desired, a
sketch should be sent to the manufacturer.
5.5 Ball Valves.

When
ball
valves
are
standard practice to attach the bypass at the
side of the main valve with the stems of both
valves pointing upward. If location of bypass
is important its location should be specified
according to Figure 5.

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MSS
MSS
SP-45
5.6 Plug Valves. When plug valves are

ordered with bypass attached,itshall be
standardpractice to attachthe bypass at
the side of the main valve with the stems of
both valves pointing upward. If the main
valve should have a handwheel on the side
of the valve, the bypass,wherepossible,
should be located on thehandwheel side. If
is required, position
any otherlocation
should be specified according to Figure 5.
DRAIN & BYPASS CONNECTION
DIM~NSIONS~
the size of socket requires opening reinforcement, a boss is required.

6.3 Butt Welds. Connections may be made
by butt-welding directly to the wall of the
fitting orvalve, seeTable 3.
7.
1 BOSSES 1
When a boss is required to meet the thicknesses in Table 3, the diameter shall be not
less than those shown in Figure 4.
I
8.
6.1 PipeThreads,Pipethreadsshall
be
tapered- pipe threadsinaccordance
with
ASME Bl.20.1. Metal thickness shall be
sufficient to allow the effective thread length
specified in Table3. These lengths are equal
to the effective thread lengths of tapered
external pipe threads, ASMEB 1.20.1. Where
wall thickness is insufficient or the tapped
hole needs reinforcement,a boss is required.
REDUCING
FITTINGS
8.1 When a drain opening is required on
the side of a reducing fitting whose side is
tapered, theaxis of the drain opening should
be at right angles to the centerline of the
fitting.
6.2 Sockets. Sockets (socket-welding) may
8.2 The sizeof thedrain opening ona

reducing fitting shallbe governed by the size
of the adjacent outlet.
be provided in the wall of a fitting or valve

if the metal thickness is sufficient to allow
the depth of socket specifiedin Table 3.
Where the wall thickness is insufficient, or
8.3 When a tap is required on a reducing

fitting at a point centrally located, such as
G on a reducer, itssize shall be governed
by the average of the drain openings which
would be used for the largest and smallest
outlet, using the drain opening size which
is standard, or the next
smaller size as shown
in Table 1.
tAi
NOTE:
L is equal to the effective thread lengthof
American National Standard external pipe
threads,ASME B1.20.1
Minimum Thread Length

Figure 1
Welding Socket Dimensions

Figure 2
3
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MSS
SP-45
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1 TABLE 3 -CONNECTION DIMENSIONS I
Butt-weld
Figure 3
Bosses
Figure 4

MSS
SP-45
K (ON SAME SIDE

AS E & F A N D
OPPOSITE J)
r68
GLOBE VALVE
ABD
GATE VALVE
CHECK VALVE
ANGLE VALVE
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E&F
Opposite
ABB
"9
D o p p t eC
BALL VALVE
PLUG VALVES
Method of Designating Locationof Openings for DrainsBi Bypasses

Figure 5
5

MSS
SP-45
e;
CROSS
ST RAICHT SIZE
t f
CROSS
REDUCING SIZE
4 S 0 LATERAL
STRAIGHT SIZE
DOUBLE BRANCH ELBOW
R EDC~CER
TRUE "Y"
459ELBOW
CCCENTRK REOUCER
Note: The above sketches showtwo views of the same fitting and represent fittings with symmetrical shapes,
with the exceptionof the side outlet elbow and the side outlet tee (straight sizes).
Method of Designating Location of Openings for Drains

Figure 6
6

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BASE T E E
MSS
PRACTICE STANDARD
SP-45
[ ANNEXA
REFERENCED STANDARDS AND APPLICABLE DATES
This annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice which is placed after the main text for convenience.
Standard Name andDesignation
ASME, ANSI/ASME, ANSI, ASME/ANSI
B1.20.1-1993(R 1992)
Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
REFERENCED ORGANIZATION
ASME
The Amerim Society of Mechanicd Engineers

Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 100165990
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Bypass and Drain Connections

COPYRIGHT 2003; Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Document provided by IHS Licensee=BP Amoco/5928366101, User=, 03/25/2003

An MSS Standard Practice is intended as a basis for common practice

Substantive changes in this 1998 edition are flagged as shown on

Any part of thisstandardmay be quoted. Credit lines should read

COPYRIGHT 2003; Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Document provided by IHS Licensee=BP Amoco/5928366101, User=, 03/25/2003

COPYRIGHT 2003; Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Document provided by IHS Licensee=BP Amoco/5928366101, User=, 03/25/2003

FIGURE 1 -?MINIMUMTHREAD LENGTH

COPYRIGHT 2003; Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Document provided by IHS Licensee=BP Amoco/5928366101, User=, 03/25/2003

BYPASS AND DRAINCONNECTIONS

2.2 When a tap is required at some other

1.1 This Standard Practice coversconneG

a) Standard Symbols and locations of

b) Standard size of drains andbypass

d) Minimum diameter and depth of

e) Butt-welding connection for drain

g) Methodfor designating outlets of

Valve or Fitting Size

TABLE 1 - DRAIN SIZES

LOCATION AND SYMBOLS

STANDARD BYPASS SlZES

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I TABLE 2 -BYPASS SIZES I

5.2 Globe Valves.Whenglobevalves

5.5 Ball Valves.

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5.6 Plug Valves. When plug valves are

the size of socket requires opening reinforcement, a boss is required.

6.2 Sockets. Sockets (socket-welding) may

8.2 The sizeof thedrain opening ona

be provided in the wall of a fitting or valve

8.3 When a tap is required on a reducing

Minimum Thread Length

Welding Socket Dimensions

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1 TABLE 3 -CONNECTION DIMENSIONS I

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K (ON SAME SIDE

Method of Designating Locationof Openings for DrainsBi Bypasses

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DOUBLE BRANCH ELBOW

Method of Designating Location of Openings for Drains

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Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

The Amerim Society of Mechanicd Engineers

COPYRIGHT 2003; Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Document provided by IHS Licensee=BP Amoco/5928366101, User=, 03/25/2003

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