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a contradiction in terms
in early 19th century Hungary?
Ferenc Hrcher,
Institute of Philosophy, HAS
Elemr Mlyusz:
nobility versus fourth estate
In Hungary the inhabitants of towns, if they wanted to become a
bourgeoisie (polgrsg), had to take account of more realistic and
pressing conditions, and first of all had to try to escape from the
magic circle of the view of life (letfelfogs) of the nobility.
The Hungarian development seems to have been closer to the
German model, as this ones central problem was the
2.
3.
F. Furet, 1978/1981/1997,
113-114., quoted by Bla Borsi-Klmn, 2002, 21.
Bourgeoisie and
the royal towns in Hungary
Bourgeoisie in the middle of the 18th century only the
free royal towns had a free constitutional standing
+ Mining towns (bnyavrosok)
at the time of the death of Maria Theresia:
In 1848:
44
53
Bourgeois self-consciousness:
Vc compared to Buccari
The Hungarian city of VC compared to the Italian
(Croatian) port town of BUCCARI
Buccari in its petition from the same period hurried to
emphasize that commerce is the strongest foundation of a
societas civilis
Vc did not give a detailed account of the economic
significance of the artisan element (iparos elem).
Mlyusz 1931, 237.
f
1
%
0.32
landed gentry
137
44,39
51,78
serf
0,32
unknown
11
3,24
SUMMA
310
100
The concept of
the urban patrician elite
The urban patrician elite strived to use its riches and
political influence to create the conditions of a well-off
noble way of life, and to strengthen family ties, and its
accumulated capital to obtain landed property with
success.
For 14 young deputees his father or he himself obtained a
noble pedigre with a coat of arms. According to the
characteristic expression of Bla Borsi Klmn,
embourgeoised nobleman, or (en)nobled burgher, that
was the exemplary strategy of life and way of life.
Bla Plmny 2013, 366.
Schedius on
the significance of Windish
In Schedius interpretation (in ber Karl Gottlieb von Windisch) the
oeuvre of Windish is exemplary for the following reasons:
for its multi-layered cultivation of the science of cultural geography
(orszgismeret), including
editing a journal,
preparing the geography of Hungary,
writing studies on literary history,
Lajos Schedius: Ueber Karl Gottlieb von Windisch. Zeitschrift von und fr
Ungern, 1802, I. Bd, 1. Ht, 16-23., quoted by Piroska Balogh, 2007, 75.
Schedius on
the nobility and the burghers
The Schedius-texts otherwise are connected at
more points with the models of Adam Mller as
was expected earlier...
But in their system of references one cannot find
such open associations of ideas as that the
polarity of the nobility and the bourgeoisie would
follow the polarity of beauty and the sublime.
P. Balogh 2007, 315.
Bibliography
Piroska Balogh: Balogh Piroska: Ars scientiae. Kzeltsek Schedius Lajos Jnos tudomnyos
plyjnak dokumentumaihoz, 2007.
Bla Borsi-Klmn: Polgrosodott nemes avagy (meg)nemesedett polgr, 2002.
Elek Fnyes: The statistics of Hungary, 1843, II.
Francois Furet: Interpreting the French Revolution, 1978/1981/1997.
Ferenc Hrcher: A fensges zsarnoksga: Edmund Burke j eszttikai paradigmjnak
eszmetrtneti kontextusai, 2011.
Jzsef Kardos: Schedius Lajos a felvilgosult szellem embere, 1998.
Kroly Kecskemti: Plmny Bla: A reformkori magyar orszggylsek trtneti almanachja,
18251848, I-II. Avagy a levltros szakma fontossga, Levltri Szemle, 61/4, 31-35.
John Lukacs: Polgrok s urak, 2011.
Elemr Mlyusz: The bourgeoisie in Hungary in the age of the French Revolution (A magyarorszgi
polgrsg a francia forradalom korban), 1931.
Bla Plmny: Orszggylsi kvetek, a reformkori politikai elit, 2013.
Bla Plmny: A reformkori magyar orszggylsek trtneti almanachja, 18251848, I-II., 2011.
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rps Tth: Social Strategies of the Lutheran Burghers of Pressburg,17501850, Hungarian
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