T3427-380-01 SG-Ins Lec EN

T3427-380-01
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Mechanism Design using Creo Parametric
Authored and published using
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Copyright 2011 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

Copyright for PTC software products is with Parametric Technology Corporation, its
subsidiary companies (collectively PTC), and their respective licensors. This software
is provided under written license agreement, contains valuable trade secrets and
proprietary information, and is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and
other countries. It may not be copied or distributed in any form or medium, disclosed to
third parties, or used in any manner not provided for in the software licenses agreement
except with written prior approval from PTC.
UNAUTHORIZED USE OF SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION CAN RESULT IN
CIVIL DAMAGES AND CRIMINAL PROSECUTION.
User and training guides and related documentation from PTC is subject to the copyright
laws of the United States and other countries and is provided under a license agreement
that restricts copying, disclosure, and use of such documentation. PTC hereby grants to
the licensed software user the right to make copies in printed form of this documentation
if provided on software media, but only for internal/personal use and in accordance
with the license agreement under which the applicable software is licensed. Any copy
made shall include the PTC copyright notice and any other proprietary notice provided
by PTC. Training materials may not be copied without the express written consent of
PTC. This documentation may not be disclosed, transferred, modified, or reduced to
any form, including electronic media, or transmitted or made publicly available by any
means without the prior written consent of PTC and no authorization is granted to make
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Information described herein is furnished for general information only, is subject to
change without notice, and should not be construed as a warranty or commitment by
PTC. PTC assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may
appear in this document.
For Important Copyright, Trademark, Patent and Licensing Information see
backside of this guide.
About PTC University

Welcome to PTC University!
With an unmatched depth and breadth of product development knowledge,
PTC University helps you realize the most value from PTC products. Only
PTC University offers:
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An innovative learning methodology - PTCs Precision Learning

Methodology is a proven proprietary approach used by PTC to develop and
deliver learning solutions.
Flexible Delivery Options PTC University ensures you receive the same
quality training programs regardless of the learning style. Our extensive
experience, innovative learning techniques, and targeted learning modules
facilitate the rapid retention of concepts, and higher user productivity.
Premier Content and Expertise A thorough instructor certification process
and direct access to the PTC product development and PTC consulting
organizations means that only PTC courses can give you highly-qualified
instructors, the most up-to-date product information and best practices
derived from thousands of deployments.
Global Focus PTC University delivers training where and when you
need it by providing over 100 training centers located across 35 countries
offering content in nine languages.
Delivering Value A role-based learning design ensures the right people
have the right tools to do their jobs productively while supporting the
organizations overall performance goals.
The course you are about to take will expose you to a number of learning
offerings that PTC University has available. These include:
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Instructor-led Training (ILT) - The ideal blend of classroom lectures,

personal demonstrations, hands-on workshops, assessments, and
post-classroom tools.
Pro/FICIENCY - This Web-based, skills assessment and
development-planning tool will help improve your skills and productivity.
eLearning Libraries - 24/7 access to Web-based training that will
compliment your instructor-led course.
Precision LMS - A powerful learning management system that will manage
your eLearning Library and Pro/FICIENCY assessments.
PTC University additionally offers Precision Learning Programs. These are

corporate learning programs designed to your organizations specific goals,
current skills, desired competencies and training preferences.
Whatever your learning needs are, PTC University can help you get the most
out of your PTC products.
PTC Telephone and Fax Numbers

North America
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Europe
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Education Services Registration

Tel: (888) 782-3773
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Technical Support, License Management, Training & Consulting

Tel: +800-PTC-4-HELP (00-800-78-24-43-57)
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Please refer to http://www.ptc.com/services/training/contact.htm for contact

information.
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In addition, you can access the PTC Web site at www.ptc.com. Our Web
site contains the latest training schedules, registration information, directions
to training facilities, and course descriptions. You can also reach technical
support, and register for online service options such as knowledge base
searches, reference libraries and documentation. You can also find general
information about PTC, PTC Products, Consulting Services, Customer
Support, and PTC Partners.
Precision Learning
Precision Learning In The Classroom
PTC University uses the Precision Learning methodology to develop
effective, comprehensive class material that will improve the productivity
of both individuals and organizations. PTC then teaches using the proven
instructional design principal of Tell Me, Show Me, Let Me Do:
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Topics are introduced through a short presentation, highlighting the key

concepts.
These key concepts are then reinforced by seeing them applied in the
software application.
You then apply the concepts through structured exercises.
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After the course, a Pro/FICIENCY assessment is provided in order for you to

assess your understanding of the materials. The assessment results will also
identify the class topics that require further review.
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At the end of the class, you will either take a Pro/FICIENCY assessment via
your PTC University eLearning account, or your instructor will provide training
on how to do this after the class.
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Precision Learning After the Class
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Each student that enrolls in a PTC class has a PTC University eLearning
account. This account will be automatically created if you do not already
have one.
As part of the class, you receive additional content in your account:
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A Pro/FICIENCY assessment from the course content that generates a

Recommended Learning Report based on your results.
A Web-based training version of the course, based on the same
instructional approach of lecture, demonstration and exercise. The
Recommended Learning Report will link directly to sections of this training
that you may want to review.
Please note that Web-based training may not be available in all languages.
The Web-based training is available in your account for one year after the
live class.
Precision Learning Recommendations
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PTC uses a role-based training approach. The roles and the associated
training are graphically displayed in a curriculum map. Curriculum maps are
available for numerous PTC products and versions in the training section of
our Web site at http://www.ptc.com/services/edserv/learning/paths/index.htm.
Please note that a localized map may not be available in every language and
that the map above is partial and for illustration purposes only.
Before the end of the class, your instructor will review the map
corresponding to the course you are taking. This review, along with instructor
recommendations, should give you some ideas for additional training that
corresponds to your role and job functions.
Training Agenda
Day 1
Introduction to the Mechanism Design Process
Creating Mechanism Connections
Configuring Motion and Analysis
Evaluating Analysis Results
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Module 01
Module 02
Module 03
Module 04
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Table of Contents
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Introduction to the Mechanism Design Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Introduction to Mechanism Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Understanding the Mechanism Design Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Creating the Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Verifying the Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Adding Servo Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Preparing for Analysis of a Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Analyzing the Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Evaluating Analysis Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
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Creating Mechanism Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Creating Mechanism Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Understanding Constraints and Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Understanding Predefined Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Configuring Motion Axis Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Using Rigid Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Using Pin Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Using Slider Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Using Cylinder Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Using Planar Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
Using Ball Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Using Weld Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Using Bearing Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
Using General Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
Using Slot Connection Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
Creating Cam-Follower Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
3D Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
Creating Generic Gear Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
Creating Dynamic Gear Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Creating Belt Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Using the Drag and Snapshot Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Configuring Motion and Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Understanding Servo Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Understanding Analysis Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Creating Geometry Servo Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Creating Motion Axis Servo Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Creating Slot Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Graphing the Magnitude of Servo Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Assigning Constant Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Assigning Ramp Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning Cosine Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning SCCA Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning Cycloidal Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning Parabolic Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning Polynomial Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assigning Table Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-23
3-27
3-31
3-35
3-38
3-41
3-45
3-48
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Evaluating Analysis Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Generating Measure Results for Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Creating Analysis Measure Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Evaluating Playback Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Understanding the Animate Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Checking for Collisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
Creating Motion Envelopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Student Preface Using the Header
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In this topic, you learn about the course handbook layout and
the header used to begin each lab in Creo Parametric.
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Procedure / Exercise Header:
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Modules
Topics
Concept
Theory
Procedure
Exercise (if applicable)
Course Handbook Layout:
Course Handbook Layout

The information in this course handbook is organized to help students locate
information after the course is complete. Each course is organized into
modules, each covering a general subject. Each module contains topics,
with each topic focused on a specific portion of the module subject. Each
individual topic in the module is divided into the following sections:
Concept This section contains the initial introduction to the topic and
is presented during the class lecture as an overhead slide, typically with
figures and bullets.
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Theory This section provides detailed information about content

introduced in the Concept, and is discussed in the class lecture but not
shown on the overhead slide. The Theory section contains additional
paragraphs of text, bullets, tables, and/or figures.
Procedure This section provides step-by-step instructions about how to
complete the topic within Creo Parametric. Procedures are short, focused,
and cover a specific topic. Procedures are found in the Student Handbook
only. Not every topic has a Procedure, as there are knowledge topics that
contain only Concept and Theory.
Exercise Exercises are similar to procedures, except that they are
typically longer, more involved, and use more complicated models.
Exercises also may cover multiple topics, so not every topic will have an
associated exercise. Exercises are found in the separate Exercise Guide
and/or the online exercise HTML files.
Procedure / Exercise Header
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The first module for certain courses is known as a process

module. Process modules introduce you to the generic high-level
processes that will be taught over the span of the entire course.
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To make the exercises and procedures (referred to collectively as labs) as

concise as possible, each begins with a header. The header lists the name
of the lab, the working directory, and the file you are to open.
The following items are indicated in the figure above, where applicable:
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1. Procedure/Exercise Name This is the name of the lab.

2. Scenario This briefly describes what will be done in the lab. The
Scenario is only found in Exercises.
3. Close Windows/Erase Not Displayed A reminder that you should
close any open files and erase them from memory:
until the icon is no longer displayed.
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Click Close
and then click OK.

Click Erase Not Displayed
Folder Name This is the working directory for the lab. Lab files are
stored in topic folders within specific functional area folders. The path to
the lab files is:
PTCU\CreoParametric1\functional_area_folder\topic_folder
In the example, Rounds is the functional area folder and Variable
is the topic folder, so you would set the Working Directory to
PTCU\CreoParametric1\Round\Variable.
To set the working directory, right-click the folder in the folder tree or
browser, and select Set Working Directory.
Model to Open This is the file to be opened from the working
directory. In the above example, VARIABLE_RAD.PRT is the model to
open. The model could be a part, drawing, assembly, and so on. If
you are expected to begin the lab without an open model, and instead
create a new model, you will see Create New.
To open the indicated model, right-click the file in the browser and
select Open.
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5.
6.
7.
Task Name Labs are broken into distinct tasks. There may be one
or more tasks within a lab.
Lab Steps These are the individual steps required to complete
a task.
Two other items to note for labs:

Saving Saving your work after completing a lab is optional, unless
otherwise stated.
Exercises Exercises follow the same header format as Procedures.
Setting Up Creo Parametric for Use with Training Labs
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Before you begin a lab from any training course, it is important that you
configure Creo Parametric to ensure the system is set up to run the lab
exercises properly. Therefore, if you are running the training labs on a
computer outside of a training center, follow these three basic steps:
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Extract the class files zip file to a root level drive such as C: or D:.
The extracted zip will create the default folder path automatically, such
as C:\PTCU\CreoParametric1\.
Locate your existing Creo Parametric shortcut.
Copy and paste the shortcut to your desktop.
Right-click the newly pasted shortcut and select Properties.
Select the Shortcut tab and set the Start In location to be the same as
the default folder. For example, C:\PTCU\CreoParametric1\.
Start Creo Parametric using the newly configured shortcut.
The default working directory will be set to the CreoParametric1 folder.
You can then navigate easily to the functional area and topic folders.
PROCEDURE - Student Preface Using the Header

In this exercise, you learn how to use the header to set up the Creo
Parametric working environment for each lab in the course.
Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
SampleFunctionalArea\Topic1_Folder
Configure Creo Parametric to ensure the system is set up to run

the lab exercises properly.
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Step 1:
EXTRUDE_1.PRT
Perform this task only if you are running the labs on a computer
outside of a training center, otherwise proceed to Task 2.
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1. Extract the zipped class files to a root level drive such as C: or D:.
The extracted ZIP will create the default folder path automatically,
such as C:\PTCU\CreoParametric1.
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2. Locate your existing Creo Parametric shortcut.

Copy and paste the shortcut to your desktop.
Right-click the newly pasted shortcut and select Properties.
Select the Shortcut tab and set the Start In location to be
PTCU\CreoParametric1.
Add the Erase not Displayed icon to the Quick Access toolbar.
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Step 2:
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3. Start Creo Parametric using the newly configured shortcut.

The default working directory is set to the CreoParametric1 folder.
You can then navigate easily to the functional area and topic folders.
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1. Click File > Manage Session, and cursor over Erase Not Displayed.
Right-click and select Add to Quick Access Toolbar.
Step 3:
Close all open windows and erase all objects from memory to
avoid any possible conflicts.
1. If you currently have files open, click Close

toolbar, until the icon no longer displays.
from the Quick Access
2. Click Erase Not Displayed

from the Quick Access toolbar.
Click OK if the Erase Not Displayed dialog box appears.
Step 4:
Browse to and expand the functional area folder for this procedure
and set the folder indicated in the header as the Creo Parametric
working directory.
1. Notice the folder indicated in the header above.

2. If necessary, select the Folder Browser
tab from the navigator.
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Click Working Directory

to view the current working directory
folder in the browser.
Double-click SampleFunctionalArea.
3. Right-click the Topic1_Folder folder and select Set Working
Directory.
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4. Double-click the Topic1_Folder folder to display its contents in the

browser.
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Alternatively you can use the cascading folder path in the

browser to navigate to the topic folder, and then right-click and
select Set Working Directory from the browser.
Open the file for this procedure.
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Step 5:
1. Notice the lab model is specified in the header above.

Double-click extrude_1.prt in the browser to open it.
2. You are now ready to begin the first task in the lab:
Read the first task.
Perform the first step, which in most cases will be to set the initial
datum display for the procedure or exercise. Complete the optional
task below to customize the In Graphics toolbar, making the
selection of the datum display options easier
Perform the remaining steps in the procedure or exercise.
Step 6:
OPTIONAL: Customize the In Graphics toolbar to show the datum

display options.
1. Right-click the In Graphics toolbar and clear the Datum Display

Filters check box.
Select the Plane Display, Axis Display, Point Display, and Csys
Display check boxes.
Click in the graphics window.
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3. The model should now appear

as shown.
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This completes the procedure.
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Enable only the following Datum Display types:

2. The In Graphics toolbar should appear as shown.
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Module
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Introduction to the Mechanism Design

Process
Module Overview
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This module is an overview of functionality used within Creo Parametric for

the design of complex mechanisms.
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In this module, you learn the typical process used to design mechanisms
within Creo Parametric and the mechanism design extension. Most
companies use this process; however, your specific company process may
differ.
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Objectives
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After completing this module, you will be able to:

Understand and describe mechanism design.
Understand and describe tools available in the Mechanism Design
Extension.
Understand and describe a typical Creo Parametric mechanism design
process.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 1
Introduction to Mechanism Design

The Mechanism Design extension enables you to simulate
kinematic motion in your Creo Parametric assemblies.
Mechanism Design Extension (MDX)
enables you to:
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The Mechanism Environment consists

of the:
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Define mechanism connections

between components.
Move the connected components
using servo motors.
Measure changes in position,
velocity, and acceleration.
Detect and identify collisions
between moving components.
Create trace curves and motion
envelopes.
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Mechanism Tree.
Mechanism tab.
Figure 1 Loader Mechanism
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Introduction to Mechanism Design
The Mechanism Design Extension (MDX) is included in every seat of Creo

Parametric. This module is integrated within the assembly environment and
enables you to create kinematics design studies of your assemblies.
Define mechanism connections between components.

Move the connected components using servo motors.
Measure changes in position, velocity, and acceleration.
Detect and identify collisions between moving components.
Create trace curves and motion envelopes.
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Using MDX, you can do the following:
The Mechanism Dynamics Option (MDO) is required to simulate

gravity, force motors, springs, dampers, and forces/torques. This
functionality is covered in the Mechanism Simulation using Creo
Parametric course.
The Mechanism Environment

You access the Mechanism environment by clicking Mechanism from the
Application tab in the ribbon. The Mechanism environment is made up of
a Mechanism Tree, which is located under the main model tree, and the
Motion and Insert groups, located in the Mechanism tab of the ribbon. These
toolbars contain icons specific to the Mechanism environment.
Module 1 | Page 2
2011 PTC
Understanding the Mechanism Design Process

The following steps are used in a typical mechanism design
process.
Mechanism Design Workflow:
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Creating the model

Verifying the mechanism
Adding mechanism entities
Preparing for analysis
Analyzing the mechanism
Evaluating results
Running post-MDX processes
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Figure 1 Adding a Mechanism

Constraint
Figure 2 Verifying the Mechanism
Figure 3 Adding Mechanism

Entities
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Understanding the Mechanism Design Process

The following steps are used in a typical mechanism design process. Note
that some of these points are optional and the process varies depending on
the needs of your product and organization.
Creating the model

Verifying the mechanism
Adding mechanism entities
Preparing for analysis
Analyzing the mechanism
Evaluating results
Running post-MDX processes
The optional points include Running post-MDX processes as well
as certain tasks in Evaluating results.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 3
Creating the Model

The first step in every mechanism design is to define the
mechanism model.
Creating the Model:
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Create Connections
Mechanism Bodies
Motion Axis Settings
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Figure 1 The Mechanism Model
Figure 3 Creating a Pin Connection
Figure 2 Motion Axis Definition
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Creating the Model
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Creating a mechanism model is similar to creating a standard Creo

Parametric assembly, except that you position components using predefined
mechanism connection sets rather than standard assembly constraints. Any
components in the assembly that are constrained together, with no degrees of
freedom between them, are identified as a Body of the mechanism assembly.
To complete the model, you configure motion axis settings of each connection
set, limiting range of motion in connections so they do not fail during an
analysis of the mechanism.
Creating Connections
To create a mechanism assembly, you add components to an assembly by
selecting the Model tab and clicking Assemble from the Component group in
the ribbon, just as you would create any assembly in Creo Parametric. When
positioning the components, rather than using standard assembly constraints
Module 1 | Page 4
2011 PTC
such as Coincident, Distance, and Angle Offset, you select from a predefined
list of mechanism connection sets such as Pin, Cylinder, and Slider.
The Cams
and Gears
connection tools are found in the
Mechanism tab, within the Connections group in the ribbon of the of
the Creo Parametric window. They are not found in the assembly
dashboard with the other mechanism connections.
Mechanism Bodies
Defining Motion Axis Settings
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Components that are assembled together and have no degrees of freedom

between them are considered single bodies in the mechanism assembly.
You create a Body by fully constraining components, using standard
Creo Parametric assembly constraints or by adding the Rigid mechanism
connection set. Components that are grouped as a body will move together
when the mechanism moves.
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After you add connections to place components in the assembly, use

the Motion Axis Settings dialog box to define zero position references, a
regeneration value for Creo Parametric to use when it assembles the model,
and limits on the permitted motion of the connections. By configuring motion
axis settings, you limit the range of motion in a connection so it does not
fail during an analysis.
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Motion Axis Settings are also important for defining the design
position of a mechanism, which is the position the assembly will
take when it is placed in other assemblies and drawings.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 5
Verifying the Mechanism

The second step in every mechanism design is to verify that the
connected components move in the manner you intended.
Verifying the Mechanism:
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Reconnect
Drag Components and Bodies
Verifying the Mechanism
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Figure 1 Verifying the Mechanism
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After you create your model, you verify its motion. This is an important step
because it ensures that the connections produce the desired motion on the
parts with respect to each other.
In
Your mechanism can be verified using one of the following methods:

Reconnect Run an assembly analysis by selecting the Mechanism tab,
PT
from the Bodies group in the ribbon. This

and clicking Reconnect
process is also known as connecting the assembly. If your assembly is
already connected, running an assembly analysis does not move your
mechanism.
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Drag Use Drag Components
to open the Drag dialog box and
to
interactively drag components of the assembly. Use Body Drag
study the general nature of how your mechanism can move and the extent
to which bodies can be positioned.
Use the options in the Drag dialog box to disable connections, glue bodies,
and apply geometry constraints to obtain a specific configuration. You can
then record these configurations as snapshots for later reference.
Module 1 | Page 6
2011 PTC
Adding Servo Motors

Use servo motors to define the mechanism's desired absolute
motion.
You can add servo motors to:
Figure 2 A Motor Applying Linear

Motion
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Figure 1 A Motor Applying

Rotational Motion
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Motion axes of a connection.

Geometric entities of a
component.
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Adding Servo Motors
You add servo motors to specify position, velocity, or acceleration of a

mechanism.
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Adding Servo Motors
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After you create your model and verify the connections that enable it to
move correctly, you can add servo motors to drive the model's motion. You
use the servo motors to define the mechanism's desired position, velocity,
or acceleration.
A servo motor moves your model to satisfy the specified position, velocity,
or acceleration requirements without regard for the forces needed or for
interference between bodies. Because a servo motor defines the absolute
rotational or translational motion of a motion axis, the motion axis loses the
degree of freedom (DOF) associated with that motion.
You can add servo motors to:
Motion axes of a connection.
Geometric entities of a component.
Servo motors were called Drivers in previous releases of
Mechanism Design. The Mechanism Dynamics Option (MDO) is
required to add additional mechanism entities such as gravity, force
motors, springs, dampers, forces, and torques.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 7
Preparing for Analysis of a Mechanism

Define the mechanism's initial position and measures that must
be evaluated during the analysis run.
Prepare for analysis:
Define initial position
Create measures
Add measures to evaluate:
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Position.
Velocity.
Acceleration.
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Figure 1 Analyzing Position
Figure 2 Analyzing
Acceleration
Preparing for Analysis of a Mechanism
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Before performing an analysis on a model, you must prepare for the analysis
by first defining the initial position that the analysis will begin from. It is
also important to define measures that will be evaluated as the mechanism
analysis is run through the defined motion.
Defining the Initial Position

The initial position of a mechanism can be defined by assigning regeneration
values to the motion axis definitions of its connections. Regenerating the
model will then move the mechanism to that defined position. Initial position
can also be defined by using tools in the Drag dialog box.
Creating Measures
You define measures before running an analysis because they are then
evaluated as the mechanism analysis moves the mechanism through
its defined motion. Measures are important because they can help you
understand and analyze the results of moving a mechanism and provide
information that you can use to improve the mechanism's design.
You can create measures to evaluate position, velocity, or acceleration for
points or motion axes in your assembly.
Module 1 | Page 8
2011 PTC
Analyzing the Mechanism

Analyze your mechanism based on its defined connections,
selected servo motors, and preferences.
Types of Analysis:
Position Analysis
Kinematic Analysis
Define Preferences and Motors:
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Define Preferences
Lock Bodies
Define Motors
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Figure 1 Kinematic Analysis at Initial

Position
In
Figure 2 Kinematic Analysis at Final

Position
Analyzing the Mechanism
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An analysis is run on a mechanism by first selecting the type of analysis to

run and then setting the analysis preferences and motors.
Types of Analysis
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When analyzing the mechanism, you must select the type of analysis to run.
Create a Position Analysis A position analysis enables you to analyze if
your mechanism can assemble under the requirements of the applied servo
motors and connections. In previous releases of Pro/ENGINEER, position
analysis was also named Repeated Assembly and Kinematic analysis.
Create a Kinematic Analysis A kinematic analysis enables you to
review the motion of your model as imposed by servo motors. You can also
use a kinematic analysis as the first step in your design process, to locate
interference or points where the assembly analysis fails.
Dynamic, Static, and Force Balance analysis types exist in the Type
drop-down list; however, the Mechanism Dynamics Option (MDO)
is required to run these analysis types.
Defining Preferences and Motors

After you select an analysis type, you then do the following:
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 9
Define Preferences Depending on the type of analysis you create, you

need to define the preferences of the analysis. These preferences include
the time domain which enables you to determine how Creo Parametric
records motion over time.
Lock Bodies You may lock bodies and connections so they remain fixed
during the analysis.
Define Motors You can use the motors tabs to enable or disable specific
servo motors.
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The external loads tab is disabled unless you have an MDO license,
because you cannot simulate external force or torque loads, friction,
or gravity in MDX.
Module 1 | Page 10
2011 PTC

Evaluate the results of your analysis to ensure mechanism
design will function properly.
Analysis Results:
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Analysis Results Playback

Interference Check
Measures and Graphs
Create Trace Curves
Create Motion Envelopes
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Figure 2 View the Mechanism

in Motion
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Figure 1 Identify Interferences
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After running an analysis, the results of the analysis should be reviewed

to ensure the mechanism will function properly. The results of an analysis
should be reviewed using the following tools:
Analysis Results Playback By running an analysis playback, you can
review your mechanism model in motion. You can use the Playbacks
dialog box to save, restore, remove, and export your analysis results. After
you run an analysis, you can save the results as a playback file and run
them in another session.
Interference Check You can also run the analysis playback to check for
interferences between moving part models.
Measures and Graphs By reviewing measures and generating
graphs, you can determine the position, velocity, and acceleration of your
mechanism models throughout their range of motion.
Create Trace Curves A trace curve graphically represents the motion of
a point or vertex relative to a part in your mechanism. Trace curves can be
used to create cam profiles, slot curves, and solid geometry.
Create Motion Envelopes A motion envelope is a volumetric
representation of the moving components of your mechanism.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 11
PROCEDURE - Process Exercise

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Process\Mech_Design
Step 1:
LOADER.ASM
Create the mechanism model.
1. Disable all Datum Display types.
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2. In the ribbon, click Assemble

from the Component group.
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You can move the

component by pressing
CTRL+ALT and
right-clicking to drag it
to the desired position into
the view.
3. In the Open dialog box, select

ARM.PRT, then click Open.
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4. Throughout this exercise, you may reorient the model as required to

view the model and make selections.
Press and hold CTRL, then middle-click and drag upward to zoom
out.
Press and hold CTRL, then middle-click and drag downward to
zoom in.
Press and hold SHIFT, then middle-click and drag to pan the model.
Click Refit
to center the model in the graphics window.
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If your mouse is equipped with a wheel, you can roll the mouse
wheel up to zoom out, and down to zoom in.
5. In the Component Placement

dashboard, click User Defined
to view the drop-down list
of predefined mechanism
constraint sets.
from the
6. Select Pin
drop-down list.
Module 1 | Page 12
2011 PTC
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9. Click Complete Component

from the Component Placement
dashboard.
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8. Select the Translation references

for the Pin connection.
Select the near surface shown
on ARM.PRT.
Select the surface of the far
side of the boss, shown on
GROUND.PRT.
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7. Select the Axis Alignment

references for the Pin
connection.
Select the cylindrical surface
of the hole in ARM.PRT.
of the hole in GROUND.PRT
by using the query selection
process.
10. Click Refit

from the In
Graphics toolbar.
from the
In
11. Click Assemble

Component group.
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BUCKET.PRT, then click Open.
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dashboard, click User Defined
to view the drop-down list
of predefined mechanism
constraint sets.
from the
14. Select Pin
drop-down list.
15. Reorient the model as

required and select the Axis
Alignment references for the Pin
connection.
of the hole in BUCKET.PRT.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 13
16. Reorient the model as required

and select the Translation
connection.
on BUCKET.PRT.
side of ARM.PRT.
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dashboard.
from the
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19. Click Assemble

Component group.
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18. Press CTRL+D to reorient

the model to the Standard
Orientation.
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PT

PISTON1.ASM, then click Open.
Module 1 | Page 14
2011 PTC

dashboard, click User Defined.
22. Select Pin
from the
drop-down list.
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connection.
Select the cylindrical
surface of the hole in
M_CYLINDER1.PRT.
of the boss on GROUND.PRT.
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After selecting the Axis Alignment references, the piston assembly

may reorient out of your current view. You can move the component
back into view by pressing CTRL+ALT and right-clicking to drag it
back into the view.
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on M_CYLINDER1.PRT.
side of GROUND.PRT.
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25. Right-click in the graphics area

and select Add Set.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 15

dashboard, click Pin
and
select Cylinder
from the
drop-down list.
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dashboard.
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references for the Cylinder
connection.
F_CYLINDER1.PRT.
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27. Press CTRL+ALT and

middle-click to move the
PISTON1.ASM in its remaining
degree of freedom and position,
as shown.
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PT
In
30. Press CTRL+D to reorient the model to the Standard Orientation.
31. Click Assemble

Component group.
from the

PISTON2.ASM and then click
Open.
Module 1 | Page 16
2011 PTC

dashboard, click User Defined.
34. Select Pin
from the
drop-down list.
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connection.
M_CYLINDER2.PRT.
of the hole in BUCKET.PRT.
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After selecting the Axis Alignment references, the piston assembly

may reorient out of your current view. The component can be
moved back into view by pressing CTRL+ALT and right-clicking to
drag it back into the view.
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on M_CYLINDER2.PRT.
side of BUCKET.PRT.
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37. Right-click in the graphics area

and select Add Set.
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dashboard, click Pin
and
select Cylinder
from the
drop-down list.

references for the Cylinder
connection.
F_CYLINDER2.PRT.
of the extrusion of ARM.PRT.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 17

dashboard.
Step 2:
Verify and refine the mechanism.
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from the
Components
Component group.
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1. In the ribbon, click Drag
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41. Press CTRL+D to reorient the model to the Standard Orientation.
2. In the Graphics window, select

F_CYLINDER1.PRT, the green
cylinder of PISTON1.ASM.
In
3. Move the mouse to drag the

mechanism through its motion.
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4. Click the middle-mouse button to

cancel the movement.
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5. In the Graphics window, select

M_CYLINDER2.PRT, the yellow
cylinder of PISTON2.ASM.
6. Move the mouse to drag the
mechanism through its motion.
7. Click in the graphics area to
leave the mechanism in the
position you have dragged it to.
8. Click Close in the Drag dialog
box.
Dragging the mechanism through its motion is one way of verifying
the mechanism. If the connections were not created correctly, the
mechanism would not move as expected.
Module 1 | Page 18
2011 PTC
9. In the ribbon, select the Applications tab.

10. Click Mechanism
from the Motion group.
Notice that the connections created while assembling the

components of the assembly are displayed in Mechanism mode.
13. The Connect Assembly dialog

box appears. Click Run.
14. The Confirmation dialog box
appears. Click Yes.
from the
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12. Click Reconnect

Bodies group.
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11. Click Named Views

from the
In Graphics toolbar and select
FRONT.
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The Reconnect tool is another method of verifying the mechanism

has been connected properly.
15. Return the mechanism to its
original position by clicking
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In
from the Quick

Regenerate
Access toolbar.
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16. In the Mechanism tree, expand the CONNECTIONS node and then
the JOINTS node.
17. Expand the piston (PISTON1) slider connection, right-click

TRANSLATION AXIS, and select Edit Definition.
18. The Motion Axis dialog box appears. Edit the Current Position value
from 120 to 50 and press ENTER.
Notice that Creo Parametric does not accept the 50 value. A
warning message in the message area of the screen tells you
that this value is outside of the acceptable range of values.
19. Edit the Current Position value from 120 to 80 and press ENTER.
20. Click Set
to set 80 as the Regen value.
21. Click Apply Changes
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 19
22. In the Mechanism tree, expand the piston (PISTON2) slider

connection, right-click TRANSLATION AXIS, and select Edit
Definition.
23. The Motion Axis dialog box appears. Edit the Current Position value
from 300 to 350 and press ENTER.
24. Click Set
to set 350 as the Regen value.
25. Click Apply Changes
1. Click in the background of the

graphics window to de-select any
objects that may be selected.
2. In the ribbon, click Servo Motors
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from the Insert group.

3. The Servo Motor Definition
dialog box appears. Select
the Motion Axis (orange arrow)
from the slider connection in
PISTON1.ASM.
Add servo motors to the mechanism.
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Step 3:
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Notice that changing the Regen value of the piston assemblies has
changed the regenerated position of the mechanism.
In
4. In the Servo Motor Definition

dialog box, select the Profile
tab and select Velocity from the
Specification drop-down list.
PT
5. Edit the Magnitude value of A to

6 and press ENTER.
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6. Click OK to close the dialog box.
Module 1 | Page 20
2011 PTC
7. Click Servo Motors

the Insert group.
from
8. The Servo Motor Definition

dialog box appears. Select
the Motion Axis (orange arrow)
from the slider connection in
PISTON2.ASM.
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9. Click Flip to change the direction

of the motion axis so it is pointing
upward as shown, if required.
12. Edit the value of B to .008 and

press ENTER.
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11. Select Parabolic from the

Magnitude drop-down list.
10. In the Servo Motor Definition

dialog box, select the Profile
tab and select Velocity from the
Specification drop-down list.
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The servo motors you added will be used to drive the mechanism
through its motion, just as the pistons do in a real loader mechanism.
Prepare the mechanism for analysis.
In
Step 4:
1. In the ribbon, click Measures

from the Analysis group.
PT
2. The Measure Results dialog box

appears. Click New Measure .
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3. The Measure Definition dialog

box appears. Select a vertex at
the end of the bucket claw, as
shown.
4. In the Component drop-down
list, select X-component.
5. In the Evaluation Method
drop-down list, select Maximum.
6. Click OK to return to the Measure
Results dialog box. Click Close.
The measurement you created will calculate the maximum distance
from the default coordinate system for the selected vertex, as the
mechanism goes through its motion.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 21
Step 5:
Analyze the mechanism.
1. In the ribbon, click Mechanism

Analysis
group.
from the Analysis
2. The Analysis Definition dialog

box appears. Select Kinematic
in the Type drop-down list.
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3. Edit the End Time value from 10

to 50 and press ENTER.
4. Click Run.
Evaluate the analysis results.
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1. In the Mechanism tree, expand

the ANALYSES node.
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Step 6:
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6. Click Regenerate Model

from the Quick Access toolbar to
return the mechanism to its initial
position.
In
2. Right-click AnalysisDefinition1
(KINEMATICS) and select Run.
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3. Click Yes from the Confirmation

dialog box.
4. Press CTRL+D.
5. Right-click AnalysisDefinition1
(KINEMATICS) from the
ANALYSIS node and select Run.
6. Click Yes from the Confirmation
dialog box.
7. Click Abort from the Error
Assembly Failed! dialog box.
The second run of the mechanism failed because you did not return
the mechanism to its initial position before running the analysis.
Starting from the end position of the first analysis run caused the
analysis to fail. Setting your mechanism to the initial position before
running an analysis is important.
Module 1 | Page 22
2011 PTC
9. In the Mechanism tree, expand the ANALYSES node.

10. Right-click AnalysisDefinition1 (KINEMATICS) and select Run.
11. Click Yes in the Confirmation dialog box.
12. Click Measures
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13. The Measure Results dialog box appears. Select measure1 and
then AnalysisDefinition1.
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Notice that the value 2748.27 was calculated as the maximum

distance between the selected vertex and default coordinate
system.
14. Click Close in the Measure Results dialog box.
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15. In the Mechanism tree, expand the PLAYBACKS node.

16. Right-click AnalysisDefinition1 and select Play.
17. The Animate dialog box appears. Click Play

box.
in the Animate dialog
18. Slide the Speed bar to increase the speed of the animation.
19. Spin, Pan, and Zoom the model. Notice that these operations can be
performed while the model is being animated.
20. Click Close in the Animate dialog box.
21. Right-click AnalysisDefinition1 from the PLAYBACKS node and
select Save to save the playback to file.
22. Click Save in the Save Analysis Results dialog box.
2011 PTC
Module 1 | Page 23
23. Press CTRL+D.
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from the Quick Access toolbar to return
the mechanism to its initial position.
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Click Save
Click OK in the Save Object dialog box.
Click File > Close to close the LOADER.ASM window.
Click File > Manage Session > Erase Not Displayed.
Click OK in the Erase Not Displayed dialog box.
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25. Save the mechanism assembly, close the window, and erase all files
from session memory.
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Module 1 | Page 24
2011 PTC
2
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Module
Creating Mechanism Connections
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Module Overview
In this module, you learn to define motion in an assembly by assembling and

configuring components using various predefined mechanism connection
sets.
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Objectives
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Create mechanism bodies.
Understand constraints and connection sets.
Understand predefined connection sets.
Configure motion axis settings.
Use Rigid connection sets.
Use Pin connection sets.
Use Slider connection sets.
Use Cylinder connection sets.
Use Planar connection sets.
Use Ball connection sets.
Use Weld connection sets.
Use Bearing connection sets.
Use General connection sets.
Use Slot connection sets.
Create Cam-Follower connections.
Use 3D Contact.
Create Generic gear connections.
Create Dynamic gear connections.
Create Belt connections.
Use the Drag and Snapshot tools.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 1
Creating Mechanism Bodies

A body is a single component or group of components that
moves as a single body within a mechanism.
Mechanism Bodies:
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A single part or sub-assembly that

moves within the mechanism.
A group of components that
move as a single body within the
mechanism.
Placement Constraints:
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Creating Mechanism Bodies
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Components within a mechanism

that do not move.
Figure 1 Four Bodies and

a Ground
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Ground Bodies:
User-Defined Constraints
Mechanism Connection Sets
Mechanism Bodies
In
A body is a component or group of components placed in a mechanism using

a predefined connection set. The component or group of components moves
within the mechanism as a single body.
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Creo Parametric automatically defines mechanism bodies based on the

constraints used when positioning components in an assembly. For example,
two parts that are assembled together using constraints (such as Mate and
Insert) and have no remaining degrees of freedom, are each grouped as
a single body. If there is a degree of freedom remaining or the parts are
assembled using predefined connection sets such as Pin, Slider, and so
on, they are each identified as a unique body and they each move as such
within the mechanism.
In Mechanism mode, you can expand each connection listed in the
Mechanism tree to view the identified bodies of the connection. If you select
a body from the Mechanism tree, the part or group of parts that make up that
body are highlighted in the graphics area. If you right-click and select Info
> Details, an information window opens and provides information regarding
the contents of the selected body.
Placement Constraints
There are two types of constraints in the Component Placement dashboard.
You can use standard user-defined constraints such as Coincident, Distance,
and Angle Offset, or you can use predefined connection sets to define
connections such as Pin and Slider. If you assemble two components using
user-defined constraints, but they are only partially constrained, a connection
is assumed.
Module 2 | Page 2
2011 PTC
When assembling components using predefined connection sets, you can

only reference a single body in the assembly and a single body in the
component being placed. When you select the first assembly entity for a
predefined constraint set, you can select reference entities only from the
same body for the remaining constraints of that connection. This is also true
when selecting the component references.
Grounded Components
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Ground bodies in a mechanism do not move with respect to the assembly.

You can include several parts or sub-assemblies in the ground body. To
define a ground body, you fully constrain a component with constraints that
reference the default assembly datums or a part or assembly already in the
ground. If you under-constrain the component, it is not placed in the ground
body and is considered a new body.
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Features belonging to a mechanism body, but with references to

a grounded component, remain in position on the body as it is
dragged. However, the feature position may change if the body is
dragged to a new location and regenerated at that location.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 3
Understanding Constraints and Connection Sets

Constraints define the fixed position of a component while
connections constrain the motion of a component.
User-Defined Constraints:
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Assemble components to form

mechanism bodies.
Are also called standard assembly
constraints.
Include constraints such as Mate,
Align, and Insert.
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Figure 1 Barrel Bolt Assembly
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Assemble components by
constraining motion along axes,
planes, and curves.
Are also called mechanism
connection sets.
Include connections such as Pin,
Cylinder, and Slider.
Predefined Connection Sets:
Understanding Constraints and Connection Sets
In
Constraints define the fixed position of a component while connection sets

constrain the motion of a component.
User-Defined Constraints
PT
To form bodies in mechanisms, you use standard constraints to assemble

individual models. These bodies act as a single unit and do not move in
relation to one another.
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In the barrel bolt assembly shown, the brown base, gold barrel, and four
screws are assembled using user-defined constraints such as Coincident.
These components do not move in relation to one another because they have
been constrained so that all degrees of freedom (DOF) are removed. These
components form the ground body of the mechanism.
User-defined constraints were also used to assemble the gray bolt and
handle parts that slide in this mechanism. These two components form the
second body of the mechanism.
User-defined constraints can also be referred to as standard
assembly constraints.
Predefined Connection Sets

Connection sets assemble components by constraining motion along certain
axes, planes, and curves. Components assembled with connections are free
to rotate and/or translate about one another. Pin, Cylinder, Slot, and Planar
are examples of connection sets available in Creo Parametric.
Module 2 | Page 4
2011 PTC
Connection sets are important because they enable you to free certain
degrees of freedom (DOF). Therefore, connection sets are not rigid and
enable you to impart realistic motion on your models. In the barrel bolt
assembly shown, a Slot connection set is used to define the motion of the
bolt and handle body as it moves through the mechanism.
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Predefined connection sets can also be referred to as mechanism

connection sets.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 5
Understanding Predefined Connection Sets

Predefined connection sets constrain the motion of a component
while still permitting various degrees of freedom.
Total DOF
Rotation
Translation
Rigid
Pin
Slider
Cylinder
Planar
Ball
Weld
Bearing
General
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Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
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Slot
Gimbal
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Type
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Understanding Predefined Connection Sets

There are several different types of predefined connection sets in Creo
Parametric. The table displays each connection set type and the degrees
of freedom in the set.
Before selecting a predefined connection set, you must understand how
placement constraints and degrees of freedom are used to define movement.
Then you can select the correct connections to define your mechanisms.
The Total DOF column displays the connection's total number of
degrees of freedom. The Rotation and Translation columns then
break down the permitted motion of the mechanism in those terms.
Using Predefined Connection Sets

Select a predefined connection set from the Predefined Connection Set
list in the Component Placement dashboard, within Assembly mode. Use
the connection sets to position components and define movement in your
assembly. Predefined connection sets serve three purposes:
Module 2 | Page 6
2011 PTC
1.
2.
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3.
Define which placement constraints are used to place the component in

the model.
Restrict the motion of bodies relative to each other, reducing the total
possible degrees of freedom (DOF) of the system.
Define the kind of motion a component can have within the mechanism.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 7
Configuring Motion Axis Settings

Use motion axis settings to control the movement of component
connections.
Motion Axis Settings:
Regen Value
Zero Position
Minimum and Maximum Limits
Dynamic Properties
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Figure 1 Regenerated Position
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Figure 2 Regenerated Position in

Drawing
Figure 3 Evaluating the

Mechanism
Configuring Motion Axis Settings
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Motion axis settings enable you to precisely control the displacement of

connections in the direction of motion. Motion axis settings are important
because they enable you to limit the range of motion and to define the
regenerated configuration of the model. Motion axis enable you to control the
motion of a model in each degree of freedom. For example, a connection with
three degrees of freedom will have three motion axis that may be defined.
You can configure motion axis settings to control the following values:
Regen Value The motion axis regeneration value determines the position
of the component in the assembly when the model is regenerated. The
regeneration value of a motion axis is a dimension that can be used in
family tables, relations, and wherever dimensions are used. This value is
ignored during dragging and analysis operations.
Zero Position Sets the dimension controlling the motion of the
connection to be zero, at the components current position.
Minimum and Maximum Limits Limit the minimum and maximum
values that can be used to define the motion of a connection. The
component cannot move outside of these limits either by dragging or by
editing the dimension values.
Dynamic Properties The Dynamic properties functionality can be used
to set friction and restitution parameters.
Module 2 | Page 8
2011 PTC
Motion axis settings can be set when placing or editing the placement of a
component. Within Mechanism mode, the motion axis of a connection can
be selected in the Mechanism tree or graphics area and its definition can be
edited in the Motion Axis dialog box.
Both the Zero Position and Dynamic Properties functionality require
the Mechanism Dynamics Option (MDO). The buttons to access
these tools are not visible if you do not have a license for MDO.
The Regen Value
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The Regen Value parameter is important for defining the final design position
of each mechanism assembly. This final design position is the position
in which your mechanism is documented and is often assembled to other
components.
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U
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For example, if you dragged the position of a component in the assembly to

a new location and then saved the model, that new position is propagated
to every drawing and assembly the mechanism is used in. However, you
typically do not want your drawing to change every time the mechanism
is evaluated. The Regen Value parameter can be used to ensure that this
does not happen; each time your mechanism is regenerated, it returns to the
defined regen values assigned to its connections.
Fo
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PT
In
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The Regen Value can also be used as flexible dimensions when

adding flexibility to a component. This means a regen value can be
set to define the position of the mechanism in a drawing and also be
made flexible when defining varying assembly positions.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 9
Using Rigid Connection Sets

Use the Rigid connection set to fully constrain a component so
that it has no movement in the mechanism.
Rigid:
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Standard Constraint Types

Motion Eliminated
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Using Rigid Connection Sets
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Figure 1 Motion Eliminated by

a Rigid Connection
In
Rigid connection sets are used to connect two components so they do not
move relative to one another. Components connected in such a way become
a single body.
Fo
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PT
Similar to the User Defined assembly constraint set, a Rigid connection

set uses any valid combination of standard assembly constraints such
as Coincident, Distance, and Angle Offset to constrain the position of a
component. Rigid connections enable you to group any valid set of assembly
constraints into the connection set. These constraints can be a fully
constrained set or a partially constrained subset.
Motion Eliminated
You cannot use a rigid connection set to connect multiple bodies of a
sub-assembly and still maintain motion in that sub-assembly. When using
a rigid connection to assemble a sub-assembly with Mechanism Design
connections to a master assembly, the sub-assembly is considered as a
ground body and loses its internal motion.
In the assembly shown, if the piston sub-assembly is constrained
using a Rigid connection set at each end of the piston sub-assembly
(referencing both components of the sub-assembly), the motion in
the sub-assembly is lost. A Weld connection set should be used in
situations where multiple components need to be constrained but
motion must be retained.
Module 2 | Page 10
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Using Rigid Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Rigid
Task 1:
RIGID.ASM
Assemble the piston sub-assembly using the Rigid connection set.
nl
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dashboard, select Rigid

from
the User Defined drop-down
menu.
U
se

RIGID_PISTON.ASM, then click
Open.
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5. Select the near surface of

PISTON2.PRT and the
bottom surface of the slot in
RIGID_BRACKET.PRT.
In
6. In the dashboard, select

Coincident
as the
Constraint Type.
Fo
r
PT
7. Select the near planar surface

of PISTON2.PRT and the
far surface of the slot in
RIGID_BRACKET.PRT.
Coincident
as the
Constraint Type.
9. Select the near planar
surface of PISTON2.PRT
and the near surface of
RIGID_BRACKET.PRT.

as the
Coincident
Constraint Type.
dashboard.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 11
Task 2:
Rigidly constrain the bottom of the piston sub-assembly.
1. Click Drag Components

from the Component group and
select the red PISTON1.PRT
part from the model tree.
2. Drag the part to observe that the
sub-assembly has maintained its
motion.
In
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6. Select the bottom surface of

PISTON1.PRT and the surface
at the bottom of the slot in
RIGID_BRACKET.PRT.
U
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dashboard, click Placement
and select New Set from the
Placement tab.
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4. In the model tree, right-click

RIGID_PISTON.ASM and select
Edit Definition.
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3. Middle-click to abort the dragging

and click Close in the Drag dialog
box.
PT

Coincident
as the
Constraint Type.
Fo
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Notice the Constraints Invalid message in the dashboard.

Adding a rigid connection to a second component of the
sub-assembly has eliminated the motion of the sub-assembly
so these surfaces cannot be coincident. To assemble this
sub-assembly and maintain its motion, the Weld connection set
should be used.
8. Click Cancel Component

confirm.
from the dashboard and click Yes to
Module 2 | Page 12
2011 PTC
Using Pin Connection Sets

Use the Pin connection set to assemble a component with only a
rotational degree of freedom.
Pin Connection Sets:
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Axis Alignment Constraint

Coincident Constraint
Rotation Axis Motion Axis
U
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Figure 1 A Pin Connection
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A Pin connection set is used to connect a component to a referenced axis, so

the component rotates or moves along this axis with one rotational degree
of freedom.
In
A Pin connection set contains two constraint settings and one rotation axis
setting:
Fo
r
PT
Axis Alignment This constraint defines the axis that the component is
aligned to and rotates about. The reference can be a selected axis, edge,
curve, or cylindrical surface.
Coincident This defines the component's position along the alignment
axis. The reference can be a selected datum point, vertex, datum plane, or
planar surface.
Rotation Axis This is the rotational motion axis element of the connection
set. You use it to define rotational motion settings for the connection such
as the zero position, regenerated position, minimum limits, and maximum
limits.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 13
PROCEDURE - Using Pin Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Pin
Task 1:
PIN.ASM
Assemble the gear component using the Pin connection set.
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U
se

PIN_GEAR.PRT, then click
Open.
dashboard, select Pin

from
menu.
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In
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5. Select the cylindrical surface

of PIN_BASE.PRT and
the cylindrical surface of
PIN_GEAR.PRT as references
for the Axis Alignment constraint.
PT
6. Select the top surface of

PIN_BASE.PRT and the
surface on the lower lip of
PIN_GEAR.PRT as references
for the Translation constraint.
Fo
r

dashboard.
Module 2 | Page 14
2011 PTC

from the component tab and
select PIN_GEAR.PRT.
9. Drag the part through its
remaining degree of freedom,
the rotational degree of freedom.
release the model.
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box.
Set a regeneration value for the rotational degree of freedom.
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Task 2:
U
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If you drag a component to a new position, that position will be

reflected in referencing assemblies and drawings. Define a fixed
design position by setting a regeneration value for the model.
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1. In the model tree, right-click PIN_GEAR.PRT and select Edit

Definition.
2. Enable Plane Display
Fo
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PT
In
3. In the dashboard, click

Placement. In the Placement
tab, do the following:
Click Rotation Axis.
In the graphics area, select
ASM_FRONT.
In the graphics area, select
datum plane RIGHT from
PIN_GEAR.PRT.
In the Placement tab, edit the
value of the Current Position
to 90, if necessary, and press
ENTER.
to set the Regen
Click Set
value of the Rotation Axis.
Select the Enable
regeneration value check
box.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 15

dashboard.
5. Disable Plane Display

PIN_GEAR.PRT.
from the Component group and select
7. Drag the part to a new position.

8. Click in the graphics area to release the model.
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9. Click Close in the Drag dialog box.
U
se
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Notice the model has

returned to the regeneration
position you defined in the
previous steps.

Fo
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PT
In
Module 2 | Page 16
2011 PTC
Using Slider Connection Sets

Use the Slider connection set to assemble a component with
only a translational degree of freedom.
Slider Connection Sets:
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Coincident Constraint
Translation Axis Motion
Axis
U
se
Figure 1 A Slider Connection
al
A Slider connection set is used to connect a component to a referenced axis,

so the component slides or moves normal to this axis with one translational
degree of freedom.
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In
A Slider connection set contains two constraint settings and one translation
axis setting:
Fo
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PT
Axis Alignment This constraint defines the axis that the component
slides along. The reference can be a selected axis, edge, curve, or
cylindrical surface.
Coincident This constraint restricts the components rotation along the
axis of alignment. The reference can be a selected datum plane or other
planar surface.
Translation Axis This is the translational motion axis element of the
connection set. You use it to define translational motion settings for the
connection such as the zero position, regenerated position, minimum
limits, and maximum limits.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 17
PROCEDURE - Using Slider Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Slider
Task 1:
SLIDER.ASM
Assemble the piston components using the Slider connection set.
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U
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al

dashboard, select Slider
from the User Defined drop-down
menu.

SLIDER2.PRT, then click Open.
In
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5. Select the cylindrical surface of

SLIDER1.PRT and the cylindrical
surface of SLIDER2.PRT as
references for the Axis alignment
constraint.
PT
6. In the dashboard, select the

Placement tab. Notice that the
Axis Alignment constraint has
been defined and the Rotation
constraint is now active.
Fo
r

middle-click to drag the
component in this yet to be
defined, rotational degree of
freedom (DOF).
8. Select the planar surfaces
shown on SLIDER1.PRT and
SLIDER2.PRT as references for
the Rotation constraint.

middle-click to drag the
component again.
Notice that this is no longer
possible since the rotational
DOF has been constrained.
Module 2 | Page 18
2011 PTC
10. Press CTRL+ALT and click (the

left mouse button) to drag the
component again.
Notice that this enables you
to drag the component in the
direction of its motion axis.
11. In the Placement tab, select
Translation Axis.
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12. Spin the model as required

and select the planar surfaces
shown on SLIDER1.PRT and
SLIDER2.PRT.
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U
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13. Configure the motion axis settings:

Edit the value of the Current Position to 80 and press ENTER.
to set the Regen value of the Translation Axis.
Click Set
Select the Enable regeneration value check box.
Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to 80, and
press ENTER.
Select the Maximum Limit check box, edit the value to 425, and
press ENTER.
from the Component Placement tab.
In

select SLIDER2.PRT.
PT
16. Drag the part through its motion.
Fo
r
Notice that the model cannot be dragged past the minimum and
maximum translation limits you defined in the Translation Axis.

release the model.
box.

Notice the model has returned to the regeneration position you
defined in the Translation Axis.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 19
Using Cylinder Connection Sets

Use the Cylinder connection set to assemble a component with
rotational and transitional degrees of freedom.
Cylinder Connection Sets:
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Axis
U
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Figure 1 A Cylinder Connection
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al
A Cylinder connection set is used to connect a component to a referenced

axis, so the component moves along and rotates about the axis of alignment
with two degrees of freedom.
In
A Cylinder connection set contains one constraint and two motion axis
settings.
Fo
r
PT
Axis Alignment This constraint defines the axis that the component
slides along. The reference can be a selected axis, edge, curve, or
cylindrical surface.
Translation Axis This is translational motion axis element of the
connection set. You use it to define translational motion settings for the
connection such as the zero position, regenerated position, minimum
limits.
Module 2 | Page 20
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Using Cylinder Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Cylinder
Task 1:
CYLINDER.ASM
Assemble the component using the Cylinder connection set.

nl
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U
se

CYLINDER2.PRT, then click
Open.
4. In the Component Placement dashboard, select Cylinder

the User Defined drop-down menu.
from
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5. In the Component Placement dashboard, click Placement to open

the Placement tab.
In
The Axis Alignment constraint is active and neither the

Translation Axis nor Rotation Axis selections are visible.
PT

of CYLINDER1.PRT and
the cylindrical surface of
CYLINDER2.PRT as references
for the Axis Alignment constraint.
Fo
r
7. If necessary, click Flip in the

Placement tab to orient the small
boss, as shown.

middle-click to rotate the
component to a position, as
shown.
9. Select Translation Axis.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 21

shown on CYLINDER1.PRT and
for the Translation Axis motion.
12. Select the Enable regeneration value check box.
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11. Edit the value of the Current

Position to 0 and press ENTER.
13. Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to 0, and press
ENTER.
15. Select Rotation Axis.
In
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Position to 180 and press
ENTER.
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shown on CYLINDER1.PRT and
for the Rotation Axis motion.
U
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14. Select the Maximum Limit check box, edit the value to 130, and
press ENTER.
18. Click Set
19. Select the Enable regeneration value check box.
PT
20. Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to 130, and
press ENTER.
Fo
r
press ENTER.

select CYLINDER2.PRT.
24. Drag the part through its motion.
Module 2 | Page 22
2011 PTC
Notice that you cannot drag the component beyond the minimum
and maximum limits.
release the model.
box.
U
se
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Fo
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PT
In
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al
Notice the model has returned to the regeneration position you

defined in the Motion Axes.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 23
Using Planar Connection Sets

Use the Planar connection set to assemble a component with
rotational and transitional degrees of freedom.
Planar Connection Sets:
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Planar Constraint
Translation Axis 1 Motion
Axis
Translation Axis 2 Motion
Axis
U
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Figure 1 A Planar Connection
te
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al
A Planar connection set is used to connect a component to a referenced

planar surface that the component moves along that plane, with three
degrees of freedom.
In
A Planar connection set contains one constraint and three motion axis
settings. There are two degrees of freedom in the referenced plane and one
degree of freedom around an axis perpendicular to it.
Fo
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PT
Planar This constraint defines the parallel plane that the component
moves along. The constraint is a single planar mate or align constraint
that can be flipped or offset as required. The reference can be a selected
planar surface or datum plane.
Translation Axis 1 This is the first translational motion axis element of
the connection set. You use it to define translational motion settings for
the connection such as the zero position, regenerated position, minimum
Translation Axis 2 This is the second translational motion axis element
of the connection set. You use it to define translational motion settings for
the connection such as the zero position, regenerated position, minimum
limits.
Module 2 | Page 24
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Using Planar Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Planar
Task 1:
PLANAR.ASM
Assemble the component using the Planar connection set.
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dashboard, select Planar

menu.
U
se

PLANAR2.PRT, then click Open.
In
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5. Select the planar surface at

the top of PLANAR1.PRT and
the bottom of PLANAR2.PRT
as references for the Planar
constraint.
6. Enable Plane Display
and Point Display
PT
7. In the dashboard, click Placement to open the Placement tab.

8. Select Translation1.
Fo
r
9. In the graphics area, select

datum plane RIGHT and datum
point CONNECT_REF.

11. Select the Enable regeneration
value check box.
12. Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to -28, and
press ENTER.
13. Select the Maximum Limit check box, edit the value to 28, and press
ENTER.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 25
14. Select Translation Axis 2.

datum plane FRONT and datum
point CONNECT_REF.
nl
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value check box.
18. Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to -28, and
press ENTER.
U
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19. Select the Maximum Limit check box, edit the value to 28, and press
ENTER.
21. In the graphics area, select the

datum plane FRONT from both
models.
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20. Select Rotation Axis.
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22. If necessary, edit the value of the

Current Position to 0 and press
ENTER.
In

value check box.
PT

tab.
Fo
r
Point Display
and

from the Component group, then
select PLANAR2.PRT and drag
it through its motion.
You can drag the component in all three DOF but you cannot
drag the component beyond the minimum and maximum limits
you have defined.
Module 2 | Page 26
2011 PTC

release the model.
box.
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Fo
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PT
In
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al
U
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2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 27
Using Ball Connection Sets

Use the Ball connection set to assemble a component with three
rotational degrees of freedom.
Ball Connection Sets:
U
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Point Coincident Constraint

No Motion Axis
al
Figure 1 A Ball Connection
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A Ball connection set connects a component at a point so it can rotate in any

direction with three degrees of freedom.
In
A Ball connection set contains one Point Alignment constraint, three degrees
of freedom, but no motion axis settings.
Fo
r
PT
Point Coincident This constraint defines the point that the component
rotates about. The constraint is a single point to point alignment. Select a
datum point or vertex as the alignment references.
No Motion Axes This connection set contains no motion axes to control
or limit the rotation about the constraint point. However, as with any
connection, additional connection sets can be added to limit the motion of
the connected component.
In situations where you need to connect a true ball or sphere
(rather than a point or vertex), create a datum point at the center
of the sphere using the sphere as reference and the At Center
option, as shown.
Module 2 | Page 28
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Using Ball Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Ball
Task 1:
BALL.ASM
Assemble the component using the Ball connection set.
1. Enable only the following Datum

.
Display types:
nl
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U
se

LEVER.PRT, then click Open.
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dashboard, select Ball

from
menu.
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5. If necessary, click 3D Dragger
in the Component Placement

dashboard to hide the 3D
Dragger.
PT
In

both datum points named
BALL_REF.
7. Disable Point Display
Fo
r
8. In the dashboard, click Placement to open the Placement tab.

Notice that there are no motion axes to define for the Ball
connection set.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 29

from the Component group,
select LEVER.PRT, and drag it
through its three DOF.
release the model.
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Because there is no motion axis control, the model remains in the

position it was placed, even after regeneration.
Fo
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PT
In
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U
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Module 2 | Page 30
2011 PTC
Using Weld Connection Sets

Use Weld connections to rigidly constrain a sub-assembly, yet
maintain open degrees of freedom in the sub-assembly.
Weld:
U
se
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Coordinate System to
Coordinate System
Fully Constrained
Maintains Movement
Figure 1 Weld Connections
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Using Weld Connection Sets
In
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As with the Rigid connections set, the Weld connection set is used to connect
two components so they do not move relative to one another. Components
connected in such a way become a single body. Unlike the Rigid connection
set, the Weld connection enables sub-assemblies to be rigidly constrained,
yet it also enables for open degrees of freedom in the sub-assembly to be
maintained.
Fo
r
PT
In the assembly shown, both ends of the piston sub-assembly

are connected with a weld connection. This enables the piston
sub-assembly to maintain its defined motion, so it can compress
and expand as the bracket is flexed. This is not possible when
using the rigid connection set.
Creating a Weld Connection

You create a weld connection by aligning coordinate systems, just as you do
using the standard Coord Sys
constraint.
In most cases, prior to the assembly operation, you have to create

coordinate systems that properly position the components. You
need to create one coordinate system for the component reference
and one for the assembly reference.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 31
PROCEDURE - Using Weld Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Weld
Task 1:
WELD.ASM
Assemble the piston sub-assembly using the Weld connection set.

Display types:
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5. Select the coordinate system

TOP_WELD_REF from both
models.
al
dashboard, select Weld

from
menu.
U
se

WELD_PISTON.ASM, then click
Open.
In

dashboard, click Placement
and select New Set from the
Placement tab.
PT
7. Select the coordinate system

BOTTOM_WELD_REF from
both models.
Fo
r

tab.
The motion defined in the piston sub-assembly enables it to
expand and span the length of the bracket.
Module 2 | Page 32
2011 PTC
Task 2:
Verify the connections.
1. Disable Csys Display

from the Component group, then
select the WELD_PISTON.ASM.
Move it to verify the connection.
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3. Observe that there is no

movement because each end of
the piston is fixed with a weld
connection set.
U
se
5. Click Settings
from the
model tree and select Tree
Filters.

box.
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6. In the Model Tree Items dialog

box, select the Features check
box under Display and click OK.
In
7. In the model tree, expand

WELD_BRACKET.PRT, then
right-click Extrude 1 and select
Edit.
PT
8. Edit the dimension 1500 to 1600

and press ENTER.
Fo
r
9. Click Regenerate
from the
Quick Access toolbar.
expand as the bracket changes.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 33
10. In the model tree, expand

WELD_BRACKET.PRT, if
necessary, then right-click
Extrude 1 and select Edit.
11. Edit the dimension 1600 to 1300
and press ENTER.
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12. Click Regenerate

from the
Fo
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PT
In
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U
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compress as the bracket changes.
Module 2 | Page 34
2011 PTC
Using Bearing Connection Sets

Use the Bearing connection set to assemble a component with
four degrees of freedom.
Bearing Connection Sets:
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Point Alignment Point on

Line Constraint
Axis
U
se
Figure 1 A Bearing Connection
al
A Bearing connection set is really a combination of both Ball and Slider

connections with four degrees of freedom. It is used to connect a point
to a referenced axis, so the component moves along the axis with one
translational degree of freedom and three rotational degrees of freedom.
te
rn
A Bearing connection set contains one constraint and one translation axis
setting.
Fo
r
PT
In
Point Alignment This constraint defines the connection between a point

and axis that the component is aligned to and rotates about. The point
reference can be a datum point or vertex. The second reference can be an
edge, axis, or curve.
Translation Axis This defines the component's position along the
alignment axis. The reference can be a selected datum point, vertex,
datum plane, or planar surface.
There are no axis settings for the three rotational degrees of
freedom.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 35
PROCEDURE - Using Bearing Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Bearing
Task 1:
BEARING.ASM
Assemble the component using the Bearing connection set.

.
Display types:
nl
y

te
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al

dashboard, select Bearing
menu.
U
se

BEARING2.PRT, then click
Open.
In

Dragger.
6. Select the datum point CENTER

and axis A_1 in the graphics.
PT
7. Disable Axis Display

Point Display
and
Fo
r
8. In the Component Placement dashboard, select the Placement tab

and do the following:
Click Translation1.
Click the Placement tab to close it.
from the model tree and select Tree Filters.
Click Settings
In the Model Tree Items dialog box, select the Features check box
under Display and click OK.
In the model tree, select ASM_RIGHT.
In the dashboard, select the Placement tab to reopen it.
Edit the value of the Current Position to 15 and press ENTER.
Click Set
Select the Enable regeneration value check box.
Module 2 | Page 36
2011 PTC
9. Select the Minimum Limit check box, edit the value to 15, and press
ENTER.
press ENTER.
13. Drag the part through its degrees

of freedom.
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release the model.
U
se

select BEARING2.PRT.
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tab.
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rn

box.
PT
In
It seems to be more difficult to control the movement of a

component that contains three DOF when dragging.
Because of the translation axis controls, the component does not
move past the ends of the model.
Fo
r

from the
The model returns to the
Regen value defined in the
translation axis. There is no
axis control for the rotational
degrees of freedom so
the model remains at the
rotation it was dragged to.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 37
Using General Connection Sets

Use the General connection set to create any number of degrees
of freedom in your model.
General Connection Sets:
nl
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One or two constraints.

Varying translation and
rotational Axis Settings.
Number and type of
Axis Settings dependent
on number and type of
constraints.
Using General Connection Sets
U
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Figure 1 A General Connection
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When specific predefined connection sets do not adequately define your

mechanism, use the General connection set to create any desired number of
degrees of freedom when connecting your model. After you determine the
number of degrees of freedom, you can create the required type of general
connection by selecting one or two placement constraints in the Placement
dashboard.
In
After defining the placement constraint or constraints, you are presented

with a number of axis settings. The type and number of axis settings varies,
depending on the number and type of constraints that were used to constrain
your model.
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Most of the Creo Parametric constraints and relevant references are enabled
for your selection when you define the general connection. However, the
following constraint types cannot be used to define a General connection:
A point on a non-linear curve or a non-planar surface.
A Tangency constraint.
Module 2 | Page 38
2011 PTC
Using Slot Connection Sets

Use the Slot connection set to make a point on a component
connect to and follow a 2-D or 3-D trajectory.
Slot Connection Sets:
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Point Alignment Point on

Line Constraint
Slot Axis Motion Axis
Figure 1 A 3-D Slot Connection
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A Slot connection has four degrees of freedom. As the reference point

follows the trajectory, it is free to rotate in the X, Y, and Z directions. Start and
endpoints of the trajectory can be configured using the slot axis settings.
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Use the Slot connection when you want to make a point connect to and follow
a 2-D or 3-D trajectory.
A Slot connection set contains one constraint setting and one slot axis setting.
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In
Point Alignment This constraint defines the connection between a point

and the trajectory that the point follows. The point reference can be a
datum point or vertex. The trajectory reference can be an edge or curve.
To select multiple segments, press CTRL when selecting.
Slot Axis This defines the start and endpoints of the trajectory. The
reference can be a selected datum point or vertex.
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In the assembly shown, a Cylinder connection is also used so the

barrel of the mechanism stays on track as the sub-assembly moves
along the slot.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 39
PROCEDURE - Using Slot Connection Sets

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Slot
Task 1:
SLOT.ASM
Assemble the component using the Slot connection set.

Display types:
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SLOT_BARREL.ASM, then click
Open.
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dashboard, select Cylinder

menu.
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In

of SLOT_BARREL.PRT and
SLOT_BASE.PRT.
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6. In the Component Placement dashboard, select the Placement tab

and click New Set.
7. In the dashboard, select Slot
menu.
from the Cylinder
drop-down

Dragger.
9. Press CTRL and select five

segments of the trajectory curve
shown (there are two small
segments at each end).
10. Select the datum point SLOT.
Module 2 | Page 40
2011 PTC
11. In the Placement tab, click Slot

Axis.
12. Select the far right endpoint of
the trajectory curve; this is the
zero location.
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The model may temporarily

shift out of position. This
will be corrected when the
connection is completed.
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15. Select the Maximum Limit

check box and select the far left
endpoint of the trajectory curve.
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14. Select the Minimum Limit check

box and select the far right
endpoint of the trajectory curve;
this is the zero location.

value check box.
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tab.
In
17. Click Point Display
to disable their display.

from the Component group and select
PT

SLOT_BARREL.ASM.
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19. Drag the part through its degrees

of freedom.

release the model.
box.
from the
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 41
The model returns to the Regen value defined as the far right
endpoint of the trajectory.
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PT
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Module 2 | Page 42
2011 PTC
Creating Cam-Follower Connections

Use Cam-Follower connections to create cam and follower
motions in a 2-D plane.
Cam-Follower Connections:
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Cam-Follower Connection
Definition dialog box
Cam1 and Cam2 Definition
Cam-Follower Properties
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Figure 1 A Cam-Follower Connection
In
Unlike most connections in Creo Parametric, the Cam-Follower connection is

not found in the assembly dashboard. The Cam-Follower connection tool is
PT
from
only available in Mechanism mode and is started by clicking Cams
the Connections group In the ribbon. The connection is then applied to a
component that has been previously placed in the assembly and is meant to
define the remaining degree of freedom.
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While Cam-Follower connections are applied to 3-D models, the connection

is treated as a two-dimensional connection when performing an analysis.
In the Cam-Follower Connection Definition dialog box, the following

connection elements are defined:
In the Cam1 and Cam2 tabs, select the extruded surface or 2-D curve that
defines the profile of the cam. When you select cam surfaces, the surface
normal direction is indicated in the graphics area by a magenta arrow. This
is the cam side to be used for cam contact.
Autoselect If you select the Autoselect check box, surfaces for your
cam are automatically chosen after you select the first surface. If there
is more than one possible adjacent surface, you are prompted to select
a second surface.
Flip To reverse the direction of the surface normal for the cam, click
Flip. If the selected surfaces are on a volume, the default normal
direction will be out, and the Flip button is inactive.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 43
Working Plane If you select a straight curve or edge, the dialog box
expands, activating the Working Plane collector. Use the selection
arrow to select a point, vertex, planar solid surface, or datum plane to
define a working plane for the cam.
You can select a straight curve or edge for only one of the
two cams.
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Depth Display Settings If you select a surface, you can use the
following items to orient the cam on the surface:
Automatic (not available for a curve, edge, or a flat planar surface)
Front & Back
Front, Back & Depth
Center & Depth
Properties In the Properties tab, you can define the following:
Enable Liftoff If you want to enable your cam-follower connection to
separate during a drag operation or analysis run, you must select the
Enable Liftoff check box.
Friction If you have a Mechanism Dynamics option license, you can
define friction coefficients and a coefficient of restitution for cams with
liftoff.
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Tips for Creating Cam-Follower Connections
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PT
In
Keep the following points in mind when defining and using cam-follower
connections:
Creo Parametric defines cams as extending infinitely in the extrusion
direction.
A cam-follower connection does not prevent the cam from tipping. When
required, add additional constraints to prevent parts from tipping.
Each cam can have only one follower. If you want to model a cam with
multiple followers, you must define a new cam-follower connection for
each new pair.
Try to avoid a design with a connection along a straight line in the working
plane.
Module 2 | Page 44
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Creating Cam-Follower Connections

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Connection_Cam-Follower
Task 1:
CAM-FOLLOW.ASM
Use the Cam-Follower connection to constrain the model.
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release the model.
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3. Drag the part to view the

remaining degree of freedom
that will be controlled by the
Cam-Follower connection.
from the Component

group and select the red
CAM_LEVER.PRT.
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box.
In

PT
7. Click Mechanism
8. Click Cams
from the
Connections group.
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9. Press CTRL and select the

four curve segments that define
Cam1, as shown.
10. Click OK in the Select dialog box

when finished.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 45
11. Select the Cam2 tab.

12. Select the bottom, radial surface
of CAM_LEVER.PRT that will
connect to Cam1.
13. Click OK in the Select dialog box
when finished.

release the model.
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box.
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16. Drag the cam-follower

connection through its motion.
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from the Motion group and select
the gray CAM.PRT.
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14. Click OK to close the

Cam-Follower Connection
Definition dialog box.
PT
In

from the
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The regeneration does not cause the model to move because

there is no Motion Axis or Regen Value to define in a
Cam-Follower connection. The initial position of a Cam-Follower
connection must be defined in a servo motor.
Module 2 | Page 46
2011 PTC
3D Contact
3D Contact simulates contact between bodies in three
dimensional motion.
3D Contact:
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Is based on real material

properties.
Uses static and sliding friction.
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Figure 1 3D Contact
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3D Contact
PT
In
Using 3D Contact you can simulate contact between bodies in three

dimensional motion. The system includes static and sliding friction in its
calculations, which are based on real material properties such as Poisson's
ratio, Young's modulus, and a damping coefficient. 3D contact can be defined
from a single analytical surface such as a spherical, cylindrical, or planar
surface to multiple other analytical surfaces. Contact can also be defined
from a vertex to other surfaces. The three dimensional contact is also active
while dragging.
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In figure 1, 3D contact is used to simulate dropping a rubber cube into a box

to visualize the cube bouncing and rotating, and coming to rest.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 47
PROCEDURE - 3D Contact
Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\3D_Contact
Task 1:
TABLE.ASM
Edit an existing 3D contact model.

2. Click Settings
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from the model tree and select Tree Filters.
3. In the Model Tree Items dialog box, select the Features check box
under Display and click OK.
In
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7. In the dashboard, select the

References tab and do the
following:
In the Content Reference
2 list, right-click
Surf:F7(REVOLVE_1):TABLE
and select Remove.
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6. In the 3D Contact dashboard,

select No Friction from the With
Friction drop-down menu.
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5. Right-click Contact 1 and select Edit Definition.
4. In the model tree, expand CUBE1.PRT, if necessary.
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PT

from the 3D Contact dashboard.
Module 2 | Page 48
2011 PTC
Task 2:
Insert a new contact.
1. In the ribbon, select

Applications tab.
2. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
from the
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4. In the 3D Contact dashboard,

click References. In the
References tab, do the following:
Click in the Contact
Reference 1: field. In
the graphics area, select the
left face of CUBE1.PRT.
Click in the Contact
References 2: field. In
the graphics area, select the
base circle of TABLE.PRT.
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3. Click 3D Contacts
from the
Connections group. The 3D
Contacts dashboard appears.
5. In the dashboard, select the Contact tab. Verify that Default is listed
for Slide 1 and Slide 2 contact properties.
PT
6. In the dashboard, select With Friction from the No Friction drop-down

menu. Input fields appear for static and kinetic coefficients of friction.
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7. Select 0.1 from the drop-down list for both static and kinetic
coefficients of friction.
Task 3:
from the 3D Contact dashboard.
Run the model.
1. In the Mechanisms tree, expand

ANALYSES.
2. Right-click 3D_contact_
dynamic(DYNAMICS) and
select Run.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 49
Task 4:
Playback the model run.
1. In the Mechanisms tree, expand

PLAYBACKS.
2. Right-click 3D_contact_
dynamic and select Play.
3. The Animate window appears.
Select Play.
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4. Click Close from the Animate

window.
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PT
In
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Module 2 | Page 50
2011 PTC
Creating Generic Gear Connections

Capture any Rotational or Linear relationship using Generic gear
connections.
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Generic gear definition options:

Pitch circle diameters
Enter ratio values
Motion relationships:
Rotational/Rotational
Rotational/Linear
Linear/Rotational
Linear/Linear
Figure 2 Rotational/Linear
Example
In
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Figure 1 Gear Example
PT
Creating Generic Gear Connections
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You can create a generic type gear connection, to capture any rotational or
linear relationship between components. When using the generic gear type,
you are able to specify either two pitch circle diameters, or motion ratio values.
Generic gears can be used to create a simple gear train but, unlike dynamic
gear types, generic gear components do not actually have to touch.
Therefore, they can be located in different locations within the assembly,
enabling you to create rotational and/or linear relationships between any set
of components.
You can capture the following motion relationships using generic gears:
Rotational/Rotational
Rotational/Linear
Linear/Rotational
Linear/Linear
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 51
PROCEDURE - Creating Generic Gear Connections

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Generic_Gears
Task 1:
GEARBOX.ASM
Create a generic gear connection for simple gears.
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4. Click Mechanism
from the
Motion group.
Notice the existing gear
connection
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3. In the ribbon, select the

Applications tab.
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2. Press CTRL+ALT and drag each

of the three gears.
Notice the right gear
connection is not created
yet.
In
5. Click Gears
from the
Connections group.
Select Generic as the type.
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PT
6. Select the pin joint for the lower

center gear, as shown.
Type 12 for the Pitch Circle
Diameter.
Module 2 | Page 52
2011 PTC
7. Select the Gear 2 tab from the

Gear Pair Definition.
Select the pin joint for the
upper-right gear.
Type 46 for the Pitch Circle
Diameter.
Click OK from the Gear Pair
Definition.
from
Click Close Window
the Quick Access toolbar.
Create Rotational and Linear relationships using generic gears.
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1. Click Working Directory

from the Common Folders.
Double-click GENERIC_
GEARS.ASM.
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Task 2:
to drag connected
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You can also click Drag Components

components.
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8. Press CTRL+ALT and drag any

of the three gears.
In

Applications tab.
from the
PT
3. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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from the
4. Click Gears
Connections group.
5. Select the pin joint on the left

rotational control knob.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 53
6. Select the Gear 2 tab in the Gear

Pair Definition dialog box.
Select the pin joint on the left
indicator needle.
Click Flip Rotation
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7. Select the Properties tab.

Select User Defined as the
gear ratio type.
Type 1 for D1.
Type 2.5 for D2.
Click OK in the Gear Pair
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9. Click Gears
from the
Connections group.
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8. Press CTRL+ALT and drag

either the knob or the needle.
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10. Select the pin joint on the center

indicator needle.
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In

Select the slider joint on the
center linear control knob.
Click Flip Rotation
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Click User Defined as the
gear ratio type.
Type 200 for the ratio.
either the knob or the needle.
Module 2 | Page 54
2011 PTC
14. Click Gears

from the
Connections group.
15. Select the slider joint on the right
linear control knob.
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Notice User Defined is the
rack ratio type.
Type 1.2 as the ratio.
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Select the slider joint on the
right indicator.
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either the knob or the indicator.
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PT
In
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 55
Creating Dynamic Gear Connections

Create different types of common gear connections.
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Figure 1 Spur Gears
Figure 2 Bevel Gears
In
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Types
Spur
Bevel
Rack and Pinion
Worm
Gear Properties
Pitch Diameter
Pressure Angle
Helix Angle
Bevel Angle
Screw Angle
Mechanism Analysis
Kinematic or Dynamic
Figure 4 Rack and Pinion Gears
PT
Figure 3 Worm Gears
Creating Dynamic Gear Connections
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You can create gear connections in Mechanism mode that utilize

manufacturing tooth angles to determine their motion properties. Properties
such as pitch diameter, pressure angle, helix, bevel, and screw angles
are used to compute motion, as well as kinematic and dynamic analyses.
Dynamic analyses can include reaction forces based on the tooth geometry
at the location where the pitch diameters meet. The system can automatically
calculate pitch circle diameters and bevel angles.
Examples of the four dynamic gear types include:
Spur Two meshing gears rotating on parallel axes.
Bevel A pinion gear driving a crown gear on perpendicular axes.
Rack and Pinion A pinion gear meshing with a sliding rack gear.
Worm A worm shaft rotating a pinion on perpendicular axes.
Dynamic gears also have several properties you can define:
Pitch Diameter Specify a pitch diameter for the first gear in the pair,
and the corresponding pitch diameter is automatically calculated. You
Module 2 | Page 56
2011 PTC
can also use the User Defined option to manually input both values or the
ratio manually.
Pressure Angle A gear tooth pressure angle for all gear types.
Helix Angle A gear tooth Helix angle for Spur, Bevel, and Rack and
Pinion gears.
Bevel Angle Determined automatically for Bevel Gears based on
geometry.
Screw Angle Defines the screw angle for worm gears.
Icon Location Defines a plane to display and calculate the gear
connection.
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Once defined, you can simply press CTRL+ALT to drag gears in

Standard Assembly mode or in Mechanism mode.
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PT
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to drag connected
components with additional options, such as creating snapshots.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 57
PROCEDURE - Creating Dynamic Gear Connections

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Dynamic_Gears
Task 1:
SPUR_GEARS.ASM
Create a Spur gear connection.
3. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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Applications tab.
from the
4. Click Gears
Connections group.
Select Spur as the type.
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5. Select the pin joint on the smaller

gear.
Type 100 for the Diameter and
press ENTER.
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from the
In

Select the pin joint on the
larger gear.
PT

Type -20 for the helix angle
and press ENTER.
Click OK.
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either gear.
from
Click Close Window
components.
Module 2 | Page 58
to drag connected
2011 PTC
Task 2:
Create a Bevel gear connection.

Double-click BEVEL_GEARS.ASM.
3. Click Mechanism
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.
Enable Plane Display
Select DTM1 as the icon
location.
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5. Select the pin joint on the large

crown gear.
Type 175 for the Diameter and
press ENTER.
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4. Click Gears
from the
Connections group.
Select Bevel as the type.
In

Select the pin joint on the
smaller pinion gear.
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PT

Type -36 for the helix angle
and press ENTER.

either gear.
from
Click Close Window
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 59
Task 3:
Examine the Rack and Pinion and Worm gear connections.

Double-click RACK_PINION_
GEARS.ASM.
either gear.
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either gear.
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.
Double-click WORM_GEARS.
ASM.
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from
Click Close Window
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from
Click Close Window
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PT
Module 2 | Page 60
2011 PTC
Creating Belt Connections

Create belts that connect pulleys to create and analyze motion.
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Connect pulleys for rotation

Planar belt path
Belt length
Belt flexibility
Create belt model
From belt curve
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Figure 1 Original Model
Figure 2 Belt Created
Figure 3 Belt Modified
In
Creating Belt Connections
PT
In Mechanism mode, you create belts in a planar path that connect pulleys
to transmit rotation. Belt length and flexibility can be controlled. Once a belt
connection is defined, you can create a part model containing the belt curve.
From this curve, you can create solid geometry to represent the belt.
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Belts have several options:

Belt Direction Indicates on which side the belt travels around the pulley.
Pulley Diameter By default is coincident to the selected pulley surface.
You can also specify a value from the dashboard or on-screen leaders.
Number of Wraps Indicates the number of wraps the belt should take
around the pulley. The default is 1 wrap.
Belt Length Belts default to a natural length defined by the belt path.
You can then specify a fixed length.
Belt Plane A selected plane that defines the centerline of the belt path.
Flexibility Indicates a set value for the E*A parameter. (Youngs Modulus
multiplied by cross-section area.)
Body Definition Indicates which body is defined as the moving pulley
body versus the stationary carrier body.
You can perform kinematic and dynamic analyses of belts and
pulleys in Mechanism mode.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 61
PROCEDURE - Creating Belt Connections

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Belts
Task 1:
BELT_PULLEY.ASM
Create a belt on an existing pulley mechanism.
3. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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Applications tab.
from the
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from the
4. Click Belts
Connections group.
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In
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cylindrical surface from the idler
pulley.
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5. Press CTRL and select

cylindrical surfaces from the
two main pulleys.
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7. Right-click the belt handle on the

idler pulley and select Flip Belt
Direction.
Notice the belt now follows a
different path.
Module 2 | Page 62
2011 PTC
8. Type 80 for the E*A value and

press ENTER.
.
9. Click User-Defined Length
Type 1250 for the belt length
and press ENTER.
10. Click Complete Feature
the Belt dashboard.
from
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1. Select the belt, then right-click

and select Make Part.
Type BELT as the Name and
click OK.
Click Browse.
Select TEMPLATE.PRT.
Click Open and OK.
Create a solid belt part and some solid geometry.
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Task 2:
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11. Press CTRL+ALT and drag any

of the pulleys.
2. Right-click and select Default

Constraint.
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PT
In

dashboard.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 63

Applications tab.
5. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
from the
9. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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Applications tab.
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7. Click User-Defined Feature

from the Get data group.
Select FLAT_BELT.GPH and
click Open. Click OK.
Select the belt curve in
the graphics window and
in
click Apply Changes
the User Defined Feature
Placement dialog box.
Click Window and select
1BELT_PULLY.ASM.
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6. Right-click BELT.PRT in the

model tree and select Activate.
from the
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In
10. Select the belt in the Graphics

Window, then right-click and
select Edit Definition.
Type 1200 as the length and
press ENTER.
Click Complete Feature
from the Belt dashboard.
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Click Regenerate
from
Module 2 | Page 64
2011 PTC
Using the Drag and Snapshot Tools

Use the drag and snapshot tools to move and save your
mechanism in various positions.
Drag Components
Point Drag
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Body Drag
Snapshots
Figure 1 Weld Connections
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Using the Drag and Snapshot Tools
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One method of verifying the connections you have made is to drag the
assembly through its range of motion. To drag components through their
motion and open the Drag dialog box, click Drag Components
then click a part model.
and
In
The components move according to the connections that have been applied.
The selected entity is always positioned as close as possible to the cursor
location while the rest of the components stay connected to each other.
PT
To quit dragging, you can either middle-click to return the components to their
original position before dragging, or you can click to leave the components at
their current position.
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The Drag Dialog Box

Within the Drag dialog box, you can work with the following tools:
Point Drag
Click selected edges, points, axes, datum planes, or
surfaces and drag them to initiate the dragging movement. This is the
default dragging option.
Body Drag
Click a selected body and drag it. When you drag a body,
its position in the graphics window changes but its orientation remains
fixed. If the assembly requires that a body be reoriented in conjunction
with a change in position, the body will not move at all since the model
cannot reassemble in the new position. Should this happen, try using point
dragging instead.
Snapshots Use the Snapshots tab to display and create a list of saved
snapshots of the mechanism in varied positions. After you move the
components to the desired location, you can save snapshots of your
assembly in different positions and orientations.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 65
Constraints Use the Constraints tab to apply or remove movement

constraints. After you apply a constraint, its name is added to the
constraints list. You can turn the constraints on and off by selecting or
clearing the check box next to the constraint. Use the shortcut menu to
copy, cut, paste, or delete the constraint.
Advanced Drag Options Use the Advanced Drag Options tab to access
a set of drag options that enable you to more precisely control your drag
operations. Specific translation and rotation directions can be defined for
a drag operation. These options are only available when in Mechanism
mode.
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Creating Snapshots
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After you move connected components to a desired position, you can create
snapshots of that particular location in the graphics window. Snapshots
enable you to return the assembly components to a particular position. You
can create multiple snapshots and quickly move the assembly to specific
positions by activating each snapshot. Snapshots can also be used in
drawings.
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Use snapshots to save your mechanism in positions you will

frequently return to. For example, positions used in drawings, the
design position, and positions where there is a collision issue you
are working on.
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Use the following tools to create and manage snapshots:
Display Snapshot
In
Take Snapshot
Take a snapshot of the current mechanism position.
Edit that name and press ENTER to change the name.
View the selected snapshot.
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Borrow Part Positions

Add the position of selected components in
one snapshot to the selected snapshot.
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Update the selected snapshot with the current

Update Snapshot
component positions.
Make the selected snapshot available
Make Available In Drawings
in Drawing mode as an exploded view.
Delete Snapshot
Delete the selected snapshot.
Adding Constraints
Use the Constraints tab to constrain the motion of your mechanism. After
you apply a temporary constraint, its name is added to the constraints list.
You can turn the constraints on and off by selecting or clearing the check
box next to the constraint. Use the shortcut menu to copy, cut, paste, or
delete the constraint.
Distance
Use the Distance constraint to position the component
reference at a set distance from the assembly reference. References for
a Distance constraint can be point-point, point-line, line-line, plain-plain,
planar surface-planar surface, point-plane, or line-plane.
Module 2 | Page 66
2011 PTC
Angle Offset
Use the Angle Offset constraint to position the selected
component reference at an angle to the selected assembly reference.
References for an Angle constraint can be line-line (coplanar lines),
line-plane, or plain-plain.
Use the Parallel constraint to place the component reference
Parallel
parallel to the assembly reference. References for a Parallel constraint can
be line-line, line-plane, or plain-plain.
Use the Parallel constraint to place the component
Coincident
reference parallel to the assembly reference. References for a Parallel
constraint can be line-line, line-plane, or plain-plain.
Select a connection. The connection
Enable/Disable Connections
is disabled.
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Select bodies to be locked together.
Body-Body Lock
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Reconnect
Define the offset value for any mate or align constraints.
Define a value for angle or distance, if you have chosen an orientation
constraint.
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To delete a selected constraint from the list, click Delete Constraint
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 67
PROCEDURE - Using the Drag and Snapshot Tools

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Tools_Drag-Snapshot
Task 1:
DRAG.ASM
Create a snapshot of the current position.
3. Click Mechanism

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2. In the ribbon, select Applications tab.
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5. In the Drag dialog box, expand the Snapshots area, if necessary.

.
6. Click Take Snapshot
7. Edit the name Snapshot1 to Design_Position and press ENTER.
Move the mechanism using both Point Drag and Body Drag.
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Task 2:
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No matter where you drag components, you can now easily return
to this assembly position by double-clicking Design_Position.
in the Drag
1. Click Body Drag

dialog box.
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2. Select DRAG_CLIP.PRT and

drag the model. Notice how the
models react to the dragging of
this body.
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3. Click in the graphics area to stop

the movement.
4. In the Drag dialog box,
double-click Design_Position
so the models return to their
original positions.
Module 2 | Page 68
2011 PTC
5. Click Point Drag
in the Drag dialog box.
6. Select DRAG_CLIP.PRT and drag the model.

7. Click in the graphics area to stop the movement.
8. Select other components of the assembly and drag them. Notice
how the models react.
9. In the Drag dialog box, double-click Design_Position.
Use constraints to control the movement of components while
dragging.
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Task 3:
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and select
2. Click Mate
the bottom surface of
DRAG_BASE.PRT and the
top of DRAG_LIFT.PRT to create
a Plane-Plane Mate constraint.
1. Select the Constraints tab in the

Drag dialog box.
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3. Select DRAG_CLIP.PRT and

drag the model. Notice that
DRAG_BASE.PRT no longer
moves upward but it does spin.
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4. Click in the graphics area to stop

the movement.
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5. Select the Snapshots tab and

double-click Design_Position.
6. Select the Constraints tab in the Drag dialog box.

Notice that the Plane-Plane Mate constraint is no longer in the
constraint list. Constraints must be saved with a snapshot and
that was not done.
7. Click Body-Body Lock
and select DRAG_LIFT.PRT.
8. Press CTRL, select DRAG_BASE.PRT, and click OK.

9. Click Take Snapshot
10. Edit the name Snapshot1 to Up and press ENTER.
2011 PTC
Module 2 | Page 69
11. Click Motion Axis Constraint

and select the motion axis
shown.
12. Edit the Value field to 90 and
press ENTER.
13. Select the Snapshot tab.
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14. With Up selected, click Update

Snapshot
to add the change
to the Up snapshot.
Experiment with the various drag, snapshot, and constraint tools

found in the Drag dialog box.
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Task 4:
15. Double-click each snapshot to

alternate between each position.
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There is an unlimited number of drag, snapshots, and constraints

combinations that can be used to define mechanism positions.
You should spend five minutes experimenting with the various
options, using them to create your own snapshots. Use this time
to get a better understanding for all the functionality in the Drag
dialog box.
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1. When finished, click Close in the Drag dialog box.
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Module 2 | Page 70
2011 PTC
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Module
Configuring Motion and Analysis
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Module Overview
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In this module, you learn basic concepts of servo motors and how they apply
motion to a mechanism. You learn how an analysis is used to run the motion
applied by motors in the mechanism. You learn how to create both geometry
and motion axis type servo motors. You learn how to configure servo motors
and use functions to assign various magnitudes of motion. Finally, you graph
the magnitude of each motor and run an analysis to verify the magnitude of
motion.
Objectives
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Understand servo motors.
Understand analysis definitions.
Create geometry servo motors.
Create motion axis servo motors.
Create slot motors.
Graph the magnitude of servo motors.
Assign constant motion to a servo motor.
Assign ramp motion to a servo motor.
Assign cosine motion to a servo motor.
Assign SCCA motion to a servo motor.
Assign cycloidal motion to a servo motor.
Assign parabolic motion to a servo motor.
Assign polynomial motion to a servo motor.
Assign table-defined motion to a servo motor.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 1
Understanding Servo Motors

Use servo motors to impose motion on your mechanism.
Driven Entity Types:
Motion Axis
Geometry
Motion Types:
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Motion Axis Settings

Position
Velocity
Acceleration
Figure 2 Motion Applied by

Servo Motors
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Figure 1 Rotation and

Translation Motors
Motor Profile Specifications:
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Translational
Rotational
Slot
Understanding Servo Motors
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Servo motors are used to apply translational or rotational motion to bodies

of a mechanism. They are the driver that moves your mechanism about the
connections you have defined. The motion is defined in terms of position,
velocity, or acceleration.
Driven Entity Types

There are two driven entity types that define a servo motor:
Motion Axis The motion axis entity type references the motion axis of a
connection to define motor direction. You use this entity type to define the
relative motion between two bodies in the direction of a motion axis. The
direction can be translational or rotational. For example, in the rotational
direction of a Pin connection, if a slot connection is selected as the motion
axis, the motion is along the trajectory of the slot.
Geometry The geometry entity type references points, edges, and planes
to define motion direction. You use this type when the motion direction
Module 3 | Page 2
2011 PTC
cannot be defined by a motion axis. There are five different types of

geometry motors.
Creating Servo Motors

The Servo Motor tool is only available in Mechanism mode and started using
one of the following methods:
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Select the Mechanism tab and click Servo Motors

from the Insert
group.
Right-click MOTORS from the Mechanism tree and select New.
If your license of Creo Parametric includes the MDO option, you

have to expand MOTORS and right-click SERVO to select New.
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In the Type tab of the Servo Motor Definition dialog box, select a Direction
Entity to define the motor as a Motion Axis or Geometry type motor:
Motion Axis This is the default direction entity type. It requires you to
select a motion axis to define the motor's direction of motion. The type
of motion axis selected determines if the motor's motion is translational
or rotational.
Flip Changes the direction of the servo motor's motion.
Geometry This direction entity type requires the following:
Geometry Reference Select a point or plane from the model that is
driven by the motor.
Reference Entity Select a point or plane that the driven model moves
with respect to. If a plane is selected, this also defines the direction of
motion.
Motion Direction If a point was selected as the Reference Entity, an
additional reference must be selected to define the direction of motion.
Flip Changes the direction of the servo motor's motion.
Motion Type The motion type defines the motion of the geometry
motor as being translational or rotational.
You use the Profile tab of the Servo Motor Definition dialog box to define
specification for the motor.
Specifications Define the type of movement the servo motor produces:
to edit settings for the selected motion
Click Motion Axis Settings
axis. This includes Current Position, Regen value, Minimum Limit, and
Maximum Limit.
Position Specify the servo motor motion in terms of the position of a
selected reference entity.
Velocity Specify the servo motor motion in terms of its velocity.
Acceleration Specify the servo motor motion in terms of its
acceleration.
Initial Position Defines the starting position for your servo motor and
appears only if Velocity or Acceleration is selected. If you want to specify
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 3
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another Initial Position, clear the Current check box and specify the
value at which the motion should start.
Initial Velocity Defines the velocity of the servo motor at the beginning
of the analysis and appears only if Acceleration is selected.
Magnitude Defines the magnitude of the motor as a function of time.
It can be a constant value, or it can be defined by one of the functions
you select. The function is used to generate the magnitude of the
motor based on the time period the analysis is run for. For example, a
translational Position motor using the Ramp function (q = A + B*t) moves
a body 40 units, if A = 0, B = 10, and the analysis is run for 4 seconds.
Graph Enables you to generate and display a graph plotting the
Position, Velocity, and Acceleration generated by your motor over
time. This is a very useful tool for determining how a defined velocity
or acceleration affects the position of a component in a mechanism,
prior to actually running an analysis.
Module 3 | Page 4
2011 PTC
Understanding Analysis Definitions

Use analyses to record and display the motion of your
mechanism over time.
Preferences:
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Analysis Type Position or

Kinematic
Graphical Display Settings
Locked Entities
Initial Configuration
Motors:
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Figure 1 Analysis Displayed

at Start
Figure 2 Analysis Displayed at End
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Select Motors to Run

Start and End Times Per Motor
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Understanding Analysis Definitions

After motors have been added to your mechanism model, you must define
an analysis to display the motors running through their defined motion. You
configure an analysis that records and displays the motion generated by
selected motors over a specified time period.
Creating Analysis Definitions

The Analysis tool is only available in Mechanism. You start the Analysis tool
by using one of the following methods:
Select the Mechanism tab and click Mechanism Analysis
from the
Analysis group.
Right-click ANALYSES from the Mechanism tree and select New.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 5
Analysis Type
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Using the MDX option in Creo Parametric, you can select two types of
analyses:
Position You should only use a position type analysis when analyzing
position motors and all geometry motors. The Position analysis jumps
between each frame so you cannot use it to track velocity or acceleration,
only position measures at each frame.
Kinematic A kinematic type analysis enables you to use position servo
motors as well as velocity, and acceleration servo motors. The kinematic
type analysis records a smoother motion that can better display changes in
velocity and acceleration.
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It is important to know that a Kinematic analysis cannot be used

to run a geometry servo motor.
In addition to Position and Kinematic, Dynamic, Static, and Force
Balance analyses are also visible in the drop-down list. These are
MDO type analyses and you cannot run them without an MDO
license.
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Graphical Display
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You configure Graphical Display settings in the Preferences tab of the

Analysis Definition dialog box. This enables you to determine how Creo
Parametric records motion over time. There are three types of time domains:
Length and Rate Specify the end time, frame rate, and minimum interval.
Length and Frame Count Specify the end time and frame count values.
Rate and Frame Count Specify the frame count, frame rate, and minimum
interval.
Locked Entities
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You can lock bodies and connections during your analysis run. Locking bodies
or connections fixes the position of one body or connection relative to another
during the defined analysis. Use the icons in the analysis dialog box to:
Create Body Lock
run.
Lock bodies together during the motion analysis
Create Connection Lock

Lock the movement of a connection
during the motion analysis run.
Enable/Disable Cam Liftoff
motion analysis run.
Enable or disable a cam liftoff during the
Enable/Disable Connection
the motion analysis run.
Enable or disable a connection during
Delete Locked Entity
Module 3 | Page 6
Delete locked bodies and connections.
2011 PTC
Initial Configuration
By selecting your initial configuration, you are setting a starting point for your
position or kinematic analysis. There are two options:
Current Screen
Snapshot
Configuring Motors of the Analysis
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By default, each analysis starts with the mechanism displayed as the current
screen position, which is the current orientation of the bodies displayed on
the screen. However, you can set the initial configuration to establish the
snapshot as the initial position. The snapshot captures the configuration
of existing locked bodies and geometric constraints to define position
constraints.
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In the Motors tab, you can select and configure motors to run in the analysis.
By default, each motor runs from start to the end of the analysis.
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Alternatively, you can select and edit the Start and End values in the From
and To cells to be numerical values. For example, in an analysis running
10 seconds, you can edit the first motor to run from 0 to 5, and the second
motor to from 6 to 10.
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The run time defined in the analysis is relative. The motion is not
displayed in real time. The actual time it takes to run the motion is
dependent on the complexity of the models as well as computer
speed.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 7
Creating Geometry Servo Motors

Use geometry servo motors to define motion that cannot be
defined with an existing motion axis.
Geometry Servo Motors:
Plane-Plane Translation Motor
Plane-Plane Rotation Motor
Point-Plane Translation Motor
Plane-Point Translation Motor
Point-Point Translation Motor
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Motor Profiles
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Figure 1 Plane-Plane
Translation Motor
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You use geometry servo motors to define motion on points or planes when
the motion cannot be defined with a motion axis motor. This occurs when
the connections defining your model do not contain axes that define motion
in the direction you want to control.
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Servo motors are displayed in the model as a swirling cone shape, as shown
in Figure 1.
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To create a geometry servo motor, in the Type tab of the Servo Motor
Definition dialog box, select Geometry as the driven entity type. Based on
the Geometry Reference, Reference Entity, and Motion Direction references
selected you can create the following five types of geometry servo motors:
Plane-Plane Translation Motor A plane-plane translation motor moves a
plane in one body with respect to a plane on another body, keeping one
plane parallel to the other. The shortest distance between the two planes
measures the position value of the motor. The zero position occurs when
the driven and reference planes are coincident.
In addition to the defined motion, the driven plane is free to rotate or
translate in the reference plane, making it less restrictive than a motor
on a slider or a cylinder connection. To explicitly tie down the remaining
Module 3 | Page 8
2011 PTC
degrees of freedom, additional constraints such as a connection or another

servo motor can be applied.
In the example shown, the mechanism is connected using two
pin connections. You can control the motion with a rotational
motor referencing the motion axis of these motors. Instead, a
translational geometry motor was added to control the distance
of motion between the top of the clip and a horizontal plane
through the upper pin.
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Plane-Plane Rotation Motor A plane-plane rotation motor moves a plane

in one body at an angle to a plane in another body. During a motion run,
the driven plane rotates about a reference direction, with the zero position
defined when the driven and reference planes are coincident.
Because the axis of rotation on the driven body remains unspecified, a
plane-plane rotation motor is less restrictive than a motor on a pin or
cylinder connection.
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You can use plane-plane rotation motors to define rotations

around a ball connection. You can also define a rotation between
the last body of an open-loop mechanism and the ground.
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Point-Plane Translation Motor A point-plane translation motor moves

a point in one body along the normal of a plane in another body. The
shortest distance from the point to the plane measures the position value
of the motor.
You cannot define the orientation of one body with respect to the other
using only a point-plane motor. Also note that the driven point is free to
move parallel to the reference plane, and may thus move in a direction
unspecified by the motor. Lock these degrees of freedom using another
motor or connection. By defining X, Y, and Z components of motion on a
point with respect to a plane, you can make a point follow a 3-D curve.
Plane-Point Translation Motor A plane-point translation motor is the same
as a point-plane translation motor, except that you define the direction in
which a plane moves relative to a point. During a motion run, the driven
plane moves in the specified motion direction while staying perpendicular
to the point. The shortest distance from the point to the plane measures the
position value of the motor. At a zero position, the point lies on the plane.
You cannot define the orientation of one body with respect to the other
using only a plane-point motor. Also, note that the driven plane is free
to move perpendicularly to the specified direction. Lock these degrees
of freedom using another motor or connection. By defining X, Y, and Z
components of motion on a point with respect to a plane, you can make
a point follow a 3-D curve.
Point-Point Translation Motor A point-point translation motor moves a
point on one body in a direction specified by another body. The shortest
distance measures the position of the driven point to a plane that contains
the reference point and is perpendicular to the motion direction. The zero
position of a point-point motor occurs when both the reference and driven
point lie in a plane whose normal is the motion direction.
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Module 3 | Page 9
Geometry Motor Profiles
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The Profile tab in the Servo Motor Definition box is where the motor's
specifications are defined.
Specification The motor is controlled by Position, Velocity, or Acceleration.
Initial Position You can set the initial position of the motor (but not for
Position motors).
Magnitude You can define the magnitude of motion using one of nine
different types, including Constant and Ramp.
Graph You can graph the motor's Position, Velocity, and Acceleration.
Module 3 | Page 10
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Creating Geometry Servo Motors

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Servo_Motors_Geometry
Task 1:
GEOM_MOTOR.ASM
Create a planar-planar translational motion geometry motor.
1. Enable only the following Datum Display types:
3. Click Mechanism
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5. Click Geometry in the Servo
Motor Definition dialog box.
Select the top planar surface of
GEOM_MOTOR_CLIP.PRT.
Select datum plane CENTER
as the Reference Entity.
If necessary, click Flip so that
the direction arrow points up.
If necessary, click Translation
to set the motion type.
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You have just defined a Plane-Plane Translation servo motor. Had

you selected a Point as reference, rather than a plane, an additional
Direction reference would have been required. In the case of a
Plane-Plane motor, the Reference Entity defines both the reference
and direction.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 11
6. Select the Profile tab in the Servo Motor Definition dialog box.
7. In the Profile tab, configure the magnitude of the motor's motion:
In the Specification drop-down list, ensure that Position is selected.
From the Magnitude drop-down list, select Ramp.
Edit the value of B from 0 to 6 and press ENTER.
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Create an analysis to run the new motor for 10 seconds.
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Task 2:
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Cursor over the Ramp. Notice that the pop-up message reads q
= A + B*t, where:
q = Magnitude of motion.
A = Constant Coefficient, specified as 0 in the dialog box.
B = Slope, displayed as 6 in the dialog box.
t = The time that the motor will be run.
This means that at 0 seconds, the translational motion of the
motor will be 0 mm (q = 0 + 0*0). If the motor is run for 10
seconds, the translational motion will be 60 mm (q = 0 + 6*10).
1. In the Mechanism tree, right-click

Analysis and select New.
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2. Notice in the Analysis Definition

dialog box that the Start Time
of the analysis is 0 and the
End Time is 10 (a 10 second
analysis).
3. Select the Motors tab. Observe

that the motor you created has
been placed in the list.
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4. Click Run to run the motor.

The motor has moved the clip 60 mm, a translational distance from
datum plane CENTER. Notice that the 10 seconds defined in the
analysis is relative and not shown in real time.
Module 3 | Page 12
2011 PTC
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6. Click Regenerate
from the
Quick Access toolbar to return
the model to its initial position.
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The model returned to its original position because each of the

model's connections as a motion axis were defined with a Regen
value and the option Enable regeneration value turned on.
The motion axis returns to those values each time the model is
regenerated.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 13
Creating Motion Axis Servo Motors

Use motion axis servo motors to define motion in the direction
of a connection's motion axis.
Motion Axis Servo Motors
About a Rotational Axis
Along a Translational Axis
Along a Slot Connection
Specification
Initial Position
Magnitude
Graph
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Motor Profiles
Figure 1 Translational and

Rotational
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You use motion axis servo motors to define a motor with motion in the
remaining degree of freedom contained in a connection. For example,
selecting the motion axis of a Pin connection creates a rotational servo motor.
Selecting the motion axis of a Slider connection creates a translational servo
motor. Selecting a Slot connection creates a servo motor that drives motion
along the direction of the slot.
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Servo motors are displayed in the model as swirling cone shapes, as shown
in Figure 1.
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To create a motion axis servo motor, in the Type tab of the Servo Motor
Definition dialog box, select Motion Axis as the driven entity type.
You can click the Flip button to change the direction of the motor.
Motion Axis Motor Profiles

The Profile tab in the Servo Motor Definition box is where the motor's
specifications are defined:
Specification The motor is controlled by Position, Velocity, or
Acceleration.
Initial Position You can set the initial position of the motor (but not for
Position motors).
Magnitude You can define the magnitude of motion using one of nine
different types such as Constant and Ramp.
Graph You can graph the motor's position, velocity, and acceleration.
Module 3 | Page 14
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Creating Motion Axis Servo Motors

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Servo_Motors_Motion-Axis
Task 1:
AXIS_MOTOR.ASM
Create a translational motion axis motor.
from the
3. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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Applications tab.

5. Select the motion axis of the
Slider connection, as shown.
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From the Specification drop-down list, select Velocity.
Clear the Current check box.
In the Magnitude drop-down list, ensure that Constant is selected.
Edit the value of A from 0 to 1.5 and press ENTER.
Click OK to close the dialog box.
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You have configured the motor as follows:

Velocity Magnitude of motion will be defined as mm/second.
Initial Position You have defined the initial position of the
motor to be at 0 mm.
A Velocity will be a constant 1.5 mm/second.
This means at 0 seconds, the translational position of the motor
will be at 0 mm. If the motor is run for 10 seconds, the motor will
move 15 mm in the direction of the axis.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 15
Task 2:
Create a rotational motion axis motor.
1. Click Servo Motors

the Insert group.
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2. Select the motion axis of the Pin

connection, as shown.
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Ensure that the units displayed to the right of Velocity are deg/sec.
This verifies that a rotational axis was selected.
Edit the value of A from 0 to 9 and press ENTER.
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Velocity Magnitude of motion will be defined as
degrees/second.
Initial Angle You have defined the initial position of the
motor to be at 0 degrees.
A Velocity will be a constant 9 degrees/second.
This means at 0 seconds, the translational position of the motor
will be at 0 degrees. If the motor is run for 10 seconds, the motor
will move 90 degrees about the axis.
Module 3 | Page 16
2011 PTC
Task 3:
Create an analysis to run each motor for 10 seconds.

Analyses and select New.
2. From the Type drop-down list,
select Kinematic.
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4. Select the Motors tab. Notice

that both motors have been
added to the list.
6. Edit the Start value of

ServoMotor2 to 5.
7. Click Run to run the analysis.
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5. Edit the End value of

ServoMotor1 to 10.
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The 20 seconds defined in the analysis is relative and not shown

in real time.
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9. Click Regenerate
from the Quick Access toolbar to return the
model to its initial position.
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Module 3 | Page 17
Creating Slot Motors

A slot motor can be used to provide greater control of motion of
a slot connection.
A slot motor:
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Acts along the tangent of a slot

connection.
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Figure 1 Slot Motor
Creating Slot Motors
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A slot motor can be used to provide greater control of motion of a slot

connection. It enables you to place a motor that acts upon the tangent of a
slot connection. You can use any of the available motor profiles, and the slot
motor can be used in both kinematic and dynamic analyses.
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In the figure 1, a slot motor is used to push a model around a defined

curve path.
Module 3 | Page 18
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Creating Slot Motors

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motors_Slot
Task 1:
SIMPLE_SLOT_FOLLOWER.ASM
Create a slot motor.
3. Click Mechanism
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from the Insert group. The

Servo Motor Definition dialog box appears.
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6. Click Select Point or Motion

Axis
and select the slot as
shown.
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5. Select the Type tab if necessary. In the Type tab, select Motion Axis.
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Edit the value of A from 0 to 10.0 and press ENTER.
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Velocity Magnitude of motion will be defined as mm/second.
Initial Position You have defined the initial position of the
motor to be at 0 mm.
A Velocity will be a constant 10.0 mm/second.
This means that at 0 seconds, the translational position of the
motor will be at 0 mm. If the motor is run for 10 seconds, the
motor will move 100 mm along the slot.
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Module 3 | Page 19
Task 2:
Create an analysis to run the motor for 60 seconds.

Analyses and select New. The
Analysis Definition dialog box
appears.
2. From the Type drop-down list,
select Kinematic.
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4. Select the Motors tab. Notice

that the motor has been added
to the list.
6. Click Run to run the motor.

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5. Edit the End value of

ServoMotor1 to 60.
from the Quick Access toolbar to regenerate
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8. Click Regenerate
the model.
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The 70 seconds defined in the analysis is relative and not shown

in real time.
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2011 PTC
Graphing the Magnitude of Servo Motors

Evaluate the magnitude of a motor by graphing its position,
velocity, and acceleration.
Graph Magnitude of Motion:
Position
Velocity
Acceleration
Export
Print
Zoom and Refit
Format
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Graph Tools:
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Figure 1 Graph of Position,

Velocity, and Acceleration
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Graphing the Magnitude of Servo Motors
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Graphing position, velocity, and acceleration of a motor enables you to

evaluate the motor prior to running an analysis. This enables you to be sure
the specifications you have assigned to the motor produce the desired results.
Creating a Servo Motor Graph
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To create a graph of a servo motor, select the Profile tab in the Servo
Motor Definition dialog box of a selected motor. In the Graph area at the
bottom of the dialog box, select any combination of Position, Velocity, and
Acceleration, then click Graph Motor

. This generates a graph of the
selected magnitudes with respect to time. By default, the time period graphed
is 10 seconds.
The graph will open in a special Graphtool window.
The Graphtool Window

The Graphtool window provides a set of tools that help you view, share, and
configure the graph's display.
Print Graph
Prints the graph.
Toggle Grid Lines

2011 PTC
Toggles on/off the grid display in the graph.

Module 3 | Page 21
Repaint
Redraw the current view of the graph.
Zoom In
Zooms in on an area of the graph.
Refit
Refits the graph into the window.
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Opens the Graph Window Options dialog box to

Format Graph
format the graph.
File In the File menu, you can export the graph as an Excel or text file.
Module 3 | Page 22
2011 PTC
Assigning Constant Motion

Assign constant motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of
position, velocity, or acceleration.
Constant Motion:
Figure 1 Graph of Constant

Acceleration, with Resulting
Position and Velocity
In
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Function: q = A
q = Position, Velocity, or
Acceleration
A = Constant Coefficient
Graph Position, Velocity, and
Acceleration
Assigning Constant Motion
PT
You use a constant function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can
specify the motion as a magnitude of position, velocity, or acceleration.
Fo
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Graphing the Magnitude of Motion

The Graph Motor
tool at the bottom of the Servo Motor Definition dialog
box, enables you to graph the position, velocity, and acceleration of your
constant motion motor.
Graphing position, velocity, and acceleration of any motor enables
you to evaluate the motor prior to running an analysis. The graph
helps you determine if the specifications you have assigned to the
motor produce the desired results.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 23
PROCEDURE - Assigning Constant Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Constant
Task 1:
CONSTANT.ASM
Assign and graph a translational position, constant motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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6. Right-click ServoMotor1 (POS

- CONSTANT) and select Edit
Definition.
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MOTORS (and SERVO, if
necessary).
U
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from the In Graphics toolbar and select the
In
7. Select the Profile tab in the

Servo Motor Definition dialog
box.
PT
This motor provides upward

translational motion of the
base, along the motion axis
shown.
Fo
r
8. Configure the motor as a constant motion motor, with the motion

defined as a magnitude of position:
Notice that the Specification is set to Position and Magnitude is set
to Constant motion. Both are default settings for servo motors.
Edit the constant A from 0 to 15 and press ENTER.
In the Graph area, select the check boxes for Velocity and
Acceleration.
to create a graph of the motor's position,
Click Graph Motor
velocity, and acceleration over time.
Module 3 | Page 24
2011 PTC
The graph indicates the following:

The position of the motor starts and ends at 15 mm, the
constant value specified.
A constant magnitude produces zero velocity and acceleration.
By default, the graph uses a range of 10 seconds for time.
9. In the Graphtool dialog box, click File > Exit.
Assign and graph a translational velocity, constant motion.
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Task 2:
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defined as a magnitude of velocity:
From the Specification drop-down list, select Velocity. Notice that
units are now shown as mm/sec.
Edit the constant A from 15 to 1.5 and press ENTER.
In the Graph area, select the check boxes for Position and
Acceleration.
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Click Graph Motor
PT
In

The velocity of the motor is a constant 1.5 mm/sec.
The position magnitude increases from 0 to 15 mm, over 10
seconds.
A constant magnitude of velocity produces zero acceleration.

Assign and graph a translational acceleration, constant motion.
Fo
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Task 3:

defined as a magnitude of acceleration:
From the Specification drop-down list, select Acceleration. Notice
that units are now shown as mm/sec.
Edit the constant A from 1.5 to .5 and press ENTER.
Velocity.
Click Graph Motor
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 25
The graph displays the following:

The acceleration of the motor is a constant .5 mm/sec.
The position magnitude accelerates from 0 to 25 mm, over 10
seconds.
The velocity magnitude increases from 0 to 5 mm/sec, over 10
seconds.
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3. Click OK to close the Servo Motor Definition dialog box.
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PT
In
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4. In the Mechanism tree, expand ANALYSES, then right-click

AnalysisDefinition1 (KINEMATICS) and select Run.
Module 3 | Page 26
2011 PTC
Assigning Ramp Motion

Assign ramp motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of Position,
Velocity, or Acceleration.
Ramp Motion:
Figure 1 Graph of Ramp

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Function: q = A + B*t
Acceleration
B = Slope
t = time
Acceleration
Assigning Ramp Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a ramp function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can specify
the motion as a magnitude of position, velocity, or acceleration.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 27
PROCEDURE - Assigning Ramp Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Ramp
Task 1:
RAMP.ASM
Assign and graph a rotational position, ramp motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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- RAMP) and select Edit
Definition.
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necessary).
U
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In

box.
PT
This motor provides

rotational motion of the
arm, about the axis shown.
Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a ramp motion motor, with the motion defined
as a magnitude of position:
Notice that the Specification is set to Position, the default setting
for servo motors.
Select Ramp (q = A + B*t) from the Magnitude drop-down list.
If necessary, edit constant coefficient A to be 0 and press ENTER.
Edit the slope B to 9 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
Click Graph Motor
Module 3 | Page 28
2011 PTC

The position of the motor ramps from 0 to 90 deg, over 10
seconds.
Velocity is at a constant 9 deg/sec.
There is zero acceleration.
By default, the graph uses a range of 10 seconds for time.
Task 2:
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Assign and graph a rotational velocity, ramp motion.
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as a magnitude of velocity:
units are now shown as deg/sec.
Edit the slope B to 1.8 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
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Click Graph Motor
PT
In

The velocity of the motor ramps from 0 to 18 deg/sec.
The position magnitude increases from 0 to 90 deg, over 10
seconds.
Acceleration is a constant 1.8 deg/sec.
Fo
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Task 3:
Assign and graph a rotational acceleration, ramp motion.
as a magnitude of acceleration:
that units are now shown as deg/sec.
Edit the slope B to .54 and press ENTER.
Velocity.
Click Graph Motor
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 29

The acceleration of the motor ramps up from 0 to 5.4 deg/sec.
The position magnitude accelerates from 0 to 90 deg, over 10
seconds.
The velocity magnitude accelerates from 0 to 27 deg/sec,
over 10 seconds.
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PT
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Module 3 | Page 30
2011 PTC
Assigning Cosine Motion

Assign cosine motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of
Cosine Motion:
O
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Figure 1 Graph of Cosine
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q = A*cos (360*t/T + B) + C
Acceleration
A = Amplitude
B = Phase
C = Offset
T = Period
Acceleration
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Function:
Assigning Cosine Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a cosine function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can specify
the motion as a magnitude of position, velocity, or acceleration.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 31
PROCEDURE - Assigning Cosine Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Cosine
Task 1:
COSINE.ASM
Assign and graph a translational position, cosine motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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- COSINE) and select Edit
Definition.
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necessary).
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In

box.
PT

shown.
Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a cosine motion motor, with the motion defined
as a magnitude of position:
for servo motors.
Select Cosine (q = A*cos (360 *t/T + B) + C) from the Magnitude
drop-down list.
Edit the amplitude A to 10 and press ENTER.
Edit the phase B to 0 and press ENTER, if necessary.
Edit the offset C to 10 and press ENTER.
Edit the period T to 10 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
Click Graph Motor
Module 3 | Page 32
2011 PTC
The graph indicates that the position of the motor starts at 20

mm, then transitions as a cosine down to 0 and back to 20 mm.
Task 2:
Assign and graph a translational velocity, cosine motion.
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as a magnitude of velocity:
Edit the phase B to 2 and press ENTER.
Edit the offset C to 0 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
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Click Graph Motor
In
The graph indicates that the velocity of the motor starts at 4

mm/sec, transitions as a cosine down to -4 mm/sec and then
back to 4 mm/sec, in the shape of a cosine.
Assign and graph a translational acceleration, cosine motion.
PT
Task 3:
Fo
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Edit the phase B to 0 and press ENTER.
Velocity.
Click Graph Motor
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 33
The graph indicates that the acceleration of the motor starts at 5

mm/sec, transitions as a cosine down to -5 mm/sec and then
back to 5 mm/sec, in the shape of a cosine.
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PT
In
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Module 3 | Page 34
2011 PTC
Assigning SCCA Motion

Assign SCCA motion to simulate a cam profile output.
SCCA Motion:
O
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Sine Constant Cosine

Acceleration
q = Acceleration
A = Increasing Acceleration
B = Constant Acceleration
H = Amplitude
T = Period
Graph Acceleration
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Function:
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Figure 1 Graph of SCCA

Acceleration
In
Assigning SCCA Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a SCCA function to simulate a cam profile output. You can specify
the motion only as a magnitude of acceleration.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 35
PROCEDURE - Assigning SCCA Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_SCCA
Task 1:
SCCA.ASM
Assign and graph a translational acceleration, SCCA motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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- SCCA) and select Edit
Definition.
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necessary).
U
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In

box.
PT
This motor provides

Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a SCCA motion motor, with the motion defined
Select SCCA from the Magnitude drop-down list.
Notice that the Specification is automatically set to Acceleration
and cannot be changed.
Edit the amplitude A to be .25 and press ENTER, if necessary.
Edit the phase B to be .5 and press ENTER, if necessary.
Edit the offset H to be 5 and press ENTER.
Edit the period T to be 1 and press ENTER, if necessary.
Module 3 | Page 36
2011 PTC
9. In the Graph area of the Profile

tab, select the check boxes for
Position and Velocity.
10. Click Graph Motor
to create
a graph of the motor's position,
velocity, and acceleration over
time.
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The graph indicates the

acceleration as a CAM
profile.
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PT
In
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12. Click OK to close the Servo

Motor Definition dialog box.
11. In the Graphtool dialog box, click

File > Exit.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 37
Assigning Cycloidal Motion

Assign cycloidal motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of
Cycloidal Motion:
O
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al
q = L*t/T L*sin (360*t/T)/2*Pi

Acceleration
L = Total Rise
T = Period
Acceleration
Enables you to simulate a cam
profile output
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Function:
In
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Figure 1 Graph of Cycloidal

Acceleration
Assigning Cycloidal Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a cycloidal function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can
Module 3 | Page 38
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Assigning Cycloidal Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Cycloidal
Task 1:
CYCLOIDAL.ASM
Assign and graph a translational position, cycloidal motion.

FRONT view.

necessary).
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- CYCLOIDAL) and select Edit
Definition.
U
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3. Click Mechanism
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box.
PT
In

shown.
Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a cycloidal motion motor, with the motion

for servo motors.
Select Cycloidal (q = L*t/T L*sin (360*t/T)/2*Pi) from the
Edit the total rise L to 5 and press ENTER.
Edit the period T to 2.5 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
to create a graph of the motor's cyclical
Click Graph Motor
position, velocity, and acceleration over time.
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 39
The graph indicates that the magnitude of the position increases

cyclically from 0 to 20 mm. The velocity and acceleration move
cyclically but begin and end at zero.
Task 2:
Assign and graph a translational velocity, cycloidal motion.
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Edit the total rise L to .4 and press ENTER.
Click Graph Motor

velocity over time.
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The graph indicates that the velocity of the motor starts at 0 and
increases cyclically until it reaches 2 mm/sec.
Assign and graph a translational acceleration, cycloidal motion.
In
Task 3:
Fo
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PT

Edit the total rise L to .5 and press ENTER.
Click Graph Motor
acceleration over time.
The graph indicates that the acceleration of the motor increases
cyclically from 0 to approximately .9 mm/sec.
Module 3 | Page 40
2011 PTC
Assigning Parabolic Motion

Assign parabolic motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of
Parabolic Motion:
Figure 1 Graph of Parabolic

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Function: q = A*t +1/2 B*t

Acceleration
A = Linear Coefficient
B = Quadratic Coefficient
t = time
Acceleration
Assigning Parabolic Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a parabolic function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 41
PROCEDURE - Assigning Parabolic Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Parabolic
Task 1:
PARABOLIC.ASM
Assign and graph a rotational position, parabolic motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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- PARABOLIC) and select Edit
Definition.
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necessary).
U
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box.
PT
In
This motor provides

Fo
r
8. Configure the motor as a parabolic motion motor, with the motion

for servo motors.
Select Parabolic (q = A*t +1/2 B*t) from the Magnitude drop-down
list.
Edit the linear coefficient A to 1 and press ENTER.
Edit the quadratic coefficient B to 2 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
Click Graph Motor
Module 3 | Page 42
2011 PTC

The position increases parabolically from 0 to 110 deg.
Velocity increase uniformly to 21 deg/sec.
There is constant acceleration of 2 deg/sec.
Assign and graph a rotational velocity, parabolic motion.
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Task 2:
U
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units are now shown as deg/sec.
Edit the quadratic coefficient B to .2 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
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Click Graph Motor
In

The velocity of the motor ramps from 0 to 20 deg/sec.
The position increases from 0 to approximately 85 deg.
Acceleration increases uniformly from 0 to 3 deg/sec.
PT

Task 3:
Assign and graph a rotational acceleration, parabolic motion.
Fo
r

that units are now shown as deg/sec.
Edit the linear coefficient A to .1 and press ENTER.
Velocity.
Click Graph Motor
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 43

The acceleration increases parabolically 0 to 11 deg/sec.
The position magnitude moves from 0 to 100 deg.
The velocity magnitude accelerates from 0 to 38 deg/sec.
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Fo
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PT
In
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Module 3 | Page 44
2011 PTC
Assigning Polynomial Motion

Assign polynomial motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of
O
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Figure 1 Graph of Polynomial
In
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Function: q = A + B*t + C*t + D*t

Acceleration
B = Linear Coefficient
C = Quadratic Coefficient
D = Cubic Coefficient
t = time
Acceleration
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Polynomial Motion:
Assigning Polynomial Motion
Fo
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PT
You use a polynomial function to assign motion to a servo motor. You can
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 45
PROCEDURE - Assigning Polynomial Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Polynomial
Task 1:
POLYNOMIAL.ASM
Assign and graph a translational position, polynomial motion.
3. Click Mechanism

FRONT view.
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necessary).
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6. Right-click ServoMotor1 (POS POLYNOMIAL) and select Edit

Definition.
U
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box.
PT
In

shown.
Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a polynomial motion motor, with the motion

for servo motors.
Select Polynomial (q = A + B*t + C*t + D*t) from the Magnitude
drop-down list.
Edit the constant coefficient A to 2 and press ENTER.
Edit the linear coefficient B to 1 and press ENTER.
Edit the quadratic coefficient C to .01 and press ENTER.
Edit the cubic coefficient D to .005 and press ENTER.
Acceleration.
Module 3 | Page 46
2011 PTC
9. Click Graph Motor

to create
a graph of the motor's position,
velocity, and acceleration over
time.
nl
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The graph indicates the

following:
The position increases
from 2 to 18 mm.
Velocity increases from 1
to 2.7 mm/sec.
Acceleration increases
from .02 to .32 mm/sec.
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Like most motion types, polynomial motion can also be defined

as a magnitude of velocity and acceleration.
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Fo
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PT
In
2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 47
Assigning Table Motion

Assign table motion to a servo motor as a magnitude of position,
velocity, or acceleration.
Table Motion:
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Create custom motor profiles.

Read data from text file.
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Figure 1 Graph of Table

Assigning Table Motion
PT
You use a table function to assign custom motion profiles to a servo motor.
You can create motion profiles that cannot be defined by a function. You can
also specify the motion as a magnitude of position, velocity, or acceleration.
Fo
r
The table motion is defined by a two column table, the first column being time
and the second being magnitude. You can read the table from a text file or
create it in the Servo Motor Definition dialog box.
Module 3 | Page 48
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Assigning Table Motion

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Table
Task 1:
TABLE.ASM
Assign and graph a translational position, table-defined motion.

FRONT view.

necessary).
te
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al

- TABLE) and select Edit
Definition.
U
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3. Click Mechanism
nl
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box.
PT
In

shown.
Fo
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8. Configure the motor as a table-defined motion motor, with the motion

for servo motors.
Select Table from the Magnitude drop-down list.
Click Open File
Click Graph Motor
driven by the table.
and double-click TRANS_TABLE.TAB.

to create a graph of the motor's position as

2011 PTC
Module 3 | Page 49
Task 2:
Assign and graph a rotational position, table motion.

necessary).
- TABLE) and select Edit
Definition.
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box.
U
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4. Configure the motor as a

table-defined motion motor,
with the motion defined as a
magnitude of position:
Select Table from the
Click Open File
This motor provides

In
and double-click
ROT_TABLE.TAB.
to
Click Graph Motor
create a graph of the motor's
position as driven by the table.
PT
5. In the Graphtool dialog box, click

File > Exit.
Fo
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7. In the Mechanism tree,
expand ANALYSES, then
right-click AnalysisDefinition1
Module 3 | Page 50
2011 PTC
4
O
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Module
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Module Overview
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In this module, you learn how to evaluate analysis results. You generate
analysis results and then create measures based on those results. You learn
how to evaluate playback results and use the animate dialog box. You also
learn how to check for collisions between moving components. Finally, you
learn how to create motion envelopes.
Objectives
Fo
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PT
In

Generate measure results for analyses.
Create analysis measure definitions.
Evaluate playback results.
Use the Animate dialog box.
Check for collisions.
Create motion envelopes.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 1
Generating Measure Results for Analysis

You graph analysis measurements to help you understand and
evaluate your mechanism.
Measure Results Dialog Box:
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Graph Type
Measures
Result Set
Graph Measure
Load Result Set
Export Results
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Figure 1 Graphed Maximum

Magnitude
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Generating Measure Results for Analysis
You graph and export the results of analysis measures to verify and evaluate
the movement of your mechanism.
In
The Measure Results Dialog Box
from the
PT
You open the Measure Results dialog box by clicking Measures

Analysis group.
Measures and Results
Fo
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The Measure Results dialog box provides three functions: to create

measures, to graph the results of selected measures, and to export the result
of a measure to models as a parameter.
Graph Type Displays the results of a measure graphed as Measure
vs. Time or Measure vs. Measure.
Measure for X axis For a Measure vs. Measure type graph, you can
select the measure to place on the X-axis.
Measures In the Measures area of the dialog box, you can select, create,
edit, copy, and delete measures. You can also toggle Graph measures
separately to either graph measures as multiple plots in one graph or as
separate graphs.
You can display up to 9 separate graphs.
Result Set In the Result Set area of the dialog box, you can select one or
more result sets from previously run analyses. The graph displays a plot
of a different colored curve for each result set.
Module 4 | Page 2
2011 PTC
Along the top of the dialog box, there are three operations that can be
performed on selected measures:
Graphs the selected measure based on the selected
Graph Measure
result set. After the measure results are complete, the Graphtool window
opens. Use the items in this window to change the display of your graph,
print it, or save it in tabular form.
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Load Result Set

Enables you to use results from a saved analysis
run. Select a saved results file and it appears in the Result Set area of
the dialog box.
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Export Results
Click here to create a Creo Parametric parameter
from the selected measure and analysis. The parameter has the name
MDO_<measure_name>. When you first create a parameter from a
measure, it is given the value of the measure at the last time step of the
analysis. The value of the Creo Parametric parameter remains constant
until you update it on the Measure Results dialog box or until you return
to Creo Parametric and change the value. If you create a parameter, and
then rerun an analysis, select the measure and analysis and click Export
Fo
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PT
In
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to update the value of the parameter with the value from the
Results
new analysis.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 3
Creating Analysis Measure Definitions

Create analysis measures to evaluate and verify your
mechanism.
Measure Definition Dialog
Box:
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Type
References
Evaluation Method
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Figure 1 Measure Definition
Creating Analysis Measure Definitions
PT
In
Analysis measures are measurements that are evaluated when a mechanism

analysis is run. You can create measures for specific model entities or for the
entire mechanism. You can also include measures in your own expressions
for user-defined measures.
Creating Measures
Fo
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You can create measures by clicking New Measure

in the Measure
Results dialog box. The Measure Results dialog box is opened by clicking
Measures
Measure Types
In the Type area of the Measure Definition dialog box, you can create the
following types of measures:
Position Measures the location of a point, vertex, or motion axis during
the analysis.
Velocity Measures the velocity of a point, vertex, or motion axis during
the analysis.
Acceleration Measures the acceleration of a point, vertex, or motion axis
during the analysis.
Connection Reaction Measures the reaction forces and moments at
connections.
Module 4 | Page 4
2011 PTC
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Net Load Measures the magnitude of a force load on a spring, damper,

servo motor, force, torque, or motion axis. You can also confirm the force
load on a force motor.
Loadcell Reaction Measures the load on a loadcell lock during a force
balance analysis.
Impact Determines whether impact occurred during an analysis at a
connection limit, slot end, or between two cams.
Impulse Measures the change in momentum resulting from an impact
event. You can measure impulses for connections with limits, for
Cam-Follower connections with liftoff, or for Slot-Follower connections.
System Measures several quantities that describe the behavior of the
entire system.
Body Measures several quantities that describe the behavior of a
selected body.
Separation Measures the separation distance, separation speed, and
change in separation speed between two selected points.
Cam Measures the curvature, pressure angle, and slip velocity for either
of the cams in a Cam-Follower connection.
User Defined Defines a measure as a mathematical expression that
includes measures, constants, arithmetical operators, Creo Parametric
parameters, and algebraic functions.
Belt Measures the belt tension and slip for a Belt connection.
3D Contact Measures the contact area, pressure angle, and slip velocity
for a 3D contact connection.
In
With the MDX option you can only create the Position, Velocity,
Acceleration, Separation, Cam, Belt, 3D Contact measures, and
System and Body measures that do not require mass calculations.
With the MDO option, you can create all of the measure types.
PT
References and Other Options
Fo
r
The references required and options required to create measurements varies

depending on the type of measure being created. For the typical position,
velocity, or acceleration measure, a point or motion axis reference is required.
You can define the component of the measure as an overall magnitude or
you can specify it to be the X, Y, or Z component of the magnitude.
Evaluation Methods
When you define analysis measures, you can select from several evaluation
methods. The graph of the measure and the quantity displayed under Value in
the Measure Results dialog box are different for different evaluation methods.
For Each Time Step, you can define your measure after you run the analysis.
For the other methods, you must define the measure before running an
analysis. If you define a measure with Maximum, Minimum, Integral, Average,
Root Mean Square, or At Time evaluation methods after you run an analysis,
the Status column in the Measure Results dialog box reports Not computed
when you select the analysis.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 5
PROCEDURE - Creating Analysis Measure Definitions

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Measure_Definitions
Task 1:
MEASURE.ASM
Create a translational motion axis motor.

.
Display types:
3. Click Mechanism
Motion group.
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Applications tab.
4. In the ribbon, click Measures

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6. In the graphics area, click the

datum point MEASURE.
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5. The Measure Results dialog box

.
appears, click New Measure
U
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from the
In
7. In the Component drop-down list, select Z-component. Notice the

direction arrow pointing in the Z direction.
8. In the Component drop-down list, select Y-component. This arrow

cannot be seen because the model is covering it.
PT
Fo
r
In the Results Set area of the Measure Results dialog box, there
are no results available in which to apply measure1.
Module 4 | Page 6
2011 PTC
10. Click Close to close the Measure Results dialog box.

Notice in the next two steps that the vertical translation
present in the first analysis run produces a greater vertical
reach than is seen in the second analysis run.
WITH_TRANSLATION (KINEMATICS) and select Run.
12. In the Mechanism tree, right-click NO_TRANSLATION (KINEMATICS)
and select Run.
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13. In the Mechanism tree, expand PLAYBACKS. Notice that the two
analysis runs are now in session.
from the Analysis group. Notice that the two

14. Click Measures
analysis runs are now also listed in the Measure Results dialog box.
16. Click WITH_TRANSLATION.
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15. The Measure Results dialog box appears, click measure1 and then
click NO_TRANSLATION.
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The Value listed for measure1 in the dialog box for both analyses
is 52.1564. This is the value at the start point of the analysis
runs, where both have the same value.
In

NO_TRANSLATION result set so
that both result sets are selected.
18. With both result sets and

measure1 selected, click Graph
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PT
in the Measure
Measure
Results dialog box.
From the graph, you can verify that the measure results from the
WITH_TRANSLATION analysis produce a larger Y-component
result than the NO_TRANSLATION analysis.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 7
Task 2:
Create a parameter for the maximum measure value.
1. Click File > Exit in the Graphtool window.

.
2. Select measure1, if necessary, and then click Edit Measure
3. In the Evaluation Method drop-down list, select Maximum and click

OK.
4. Select the WITH_TRANSLATION result set.
5. Click Close to close the Measure Results dialog box.
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The value listed for the measure now reads Not Computed.
This is because the Maximum evaluation method requires the
analysis to be rerun.
7. Click Yes in the Confirmation window.

8. Click Measures
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6. In the ANALYSES node of the Mechanism tree, right-click

WITH_TRANSLATION (KINEMATICS) and select Run.
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9. The Measure Results dialog box appears click measure1 and click
WITH_TRANSLATION.
The value listed for measure1, the maximum measure of the
Y-component during the analysis run, is 107.524.
In
10. Click Export Results

in the Measure Results dialog box to export
the measure as a parameter.
11. In the ribbon, select the Tools tab.
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12. Click Parameters

from the Model Intent group. Notice that the
parameter has been added to the model.
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Module 4 | Page 8
2011 PTC
Evaluating Playback Results

Use the Animation Playback tool to play and evaluate an analysis
result set.
Playbacks:
Play
Restore
Save
Remove
Export
Motion Envelope
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Collision Detection Settings

Movie Schedule
Display Arrows
Configure Playbacks:
Figure 1 Playbacks Dialog Box
Evaluating Playback Results
In
You use the Playbacks dialog box to view an analysis result set. You can
also change the display of your result set, check for interference, specify the
amount of time the result set plays, and save it in several different formats.
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Opening the Playbacks Dialog Box
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You open the Playbacks dialog box using one of the following methods:
In the ribbon, click Playback from the Analysis group.
from the mechanism toolbar.
Click Playback
Right-click PLAYBACKS from the Mechanism tree and select Play.
Using Playbacks Dialog Box Tools
The following tools are available in the Playbacks dialog box:

Play Result Set
Plays back an analysis and opens the Animate
dialog box. Use the options to control playback speed and direction.
Restores a result set. A dialog box opens with a
Restore Result Set
list of previously saved result set files. Browse and select a saved result
set from disk.
Save Result Set
Saves a results file to disk. A playback file has a
.pbk extension. You can retrieve this file in the current or a later session
to play back the results or calculate measures. The saved file includes all
Display Arrows and Movie Schedule settings.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 9
Remove Result Set
Removes the current results from the session.
Export Results
Exports a result set as a frame file with a .fra
extension. You can use the .fra file to create a motion envelope after you
exit Mechanism Design. Use the Motion Envlp option from Creo Parametric
by clicking File > Save As > Save a Copy and selecting Motion Envlp as
the file type.
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Opens the Create Motion Envelope dialog

Create Motion Envelope
box. This option is available when you have a result set in the current
session, or when you have restored a .pbk file. Use it to shrinkwrap the
swept volume created by your mechanism during an analysis. Mechanism
Design creates a faceted motion envelope model that represents the full
motion of the model, as the motion is captured in the frame file during
the analysis.
Configuring Playbacks
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You use the following to configure your playbacks:

Result Set Display analysis results and saved playback files from the
current session.
Collision Detection Settings Specify whether your result set playback
includes collision detection, how much is included, and how the playback
should display it.
Movie Schedule Record start and end times for your playback. To access
these, clear the Default Schedule check box.
Display Arrows If you are using an MDO license, you can use this tab to
select measures and input loads that are graphically displayed with three
dimensional arrows during playback.
Module 4 | Page 10
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Evaluating Playback Results

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Playback_Results
Task 1:
PLAYBACK.ASM
Run and save analyses results.
3. Click Mechanism
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5. In the Mechanism tree,

expand ANALYSES, then
right-click WITH_TRANSLATION
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6. Right-click NO_TRANSLATION
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4. In the Mechanism tree, notice that the PLAYBACKS node contains

no saved or in session analyses.
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7. Expand the PLAYBACKS node

and notice that both analyses
that were run are now shown in
the node.
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Both animations are in

session. They have not
been saved to disk.
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8. In the PLAYBACKS node, right-click WITH_TRANSLATION and

select Save.
9. Click Save in the Save Analysis Results dialog box to save the results.
10. In the ribbon, click Playback

The Playbacks dialog box appears. Select NO_TRANSLATION
from the Result Set drop-down list.
and then click Save in the Save Analysis
Click Save Result Set
Results dialog box to save the results.
You can use either of these methods to save the results of your
analysis to disk as a .pbk file. The next time you open this model,
you can restore the results rather than run the analysis again.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 11
Task 2:
Play the analysis results.
1. In the Playbacks dialog box,

select the WITH_TRANSLATION
from the Result Set drop-down
list.
2. Click Play Result Set
to
open the Animate dialog box.
3. The Animate dialog box appears.
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Click Play
and then slide the
Speed bar to the right to increase
the speed of the playback.
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4. Click Close to close the dialog

box.
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5. In the Playbacks dialog box, clear the Default Schedule check box.
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6. Edit the End value from 0 to 3 and press ENTER.

7. Click Add Movie Segment
In

to
open the Animate dialog box.
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9. Click Play
and then slide
the Speed bar to the right to
increase speed of the playback.
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The animation is now

looping through only the first
3 seconds of the animation.
10. Click Close to close the dialog

box.
Module 4 | Page 12
2011 PTC
Understanding the Animate Dialog Box

You can use the animation dialog box to animate analysis results.
Animate Controls and Options:
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Frames
Play and Frame Controls
Continuous Playback
Reverse Playback
Speed Control
Capture
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Figure 1 Animation Dialog Box
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Understanding the Animate Dialog Box
Animate Controls
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You use the Animate dialog box to control speed and direction when you
play back an animation result set.
Starts the playback.
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Play
In
The Animate dialog box uses controls similar to a typical music or DVD
player to control animation of the results you are playing. The buttons used
are as follows:
Play Backwards
Stops the playback.
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Stop
Plays the animation backwards.
Next Frame
Displays the next frame.
Previous Frame
Reset To Beginning
animation.
Advance To End
Repeat Animation
loops.
Displays the previous frame.

Resets playback to the beginning of the
Advances playback to the end of the animation.
Sets continuous playback. The animation
Reverse At Ends
Reverses playback direction at each end of
the animation.
Frame Slide Bar Slide the bar to advance the playback one frame at a
time. The current frame number is displayed below the bar.
Speed Slide Bar Slide the bar to adjust the animation speed, left for
slower and right for faster.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 13
Capture Opens the Capture dialog box.
The Capture Dialog Box

Click Capture on the Animate dialog box to access the Capture dialog box.
You use this window to record your animation as an MPEG or AVI file or
as a series of JPEG, TIFF, or BMP files. The Capture dialog box contains
the following options:
Type Specify if you want to save the animation as a single MPEG file
(which is the default), or as a JPEG, TIFF, BMP, or AVI.
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If you select a format other than MPEG or AVI, the animation

is saved as a series of files named <filename_x>, where x is a
consecutive number starting with 1. Click Tools > Time Domain
to change a frame number. Use external animation software to
create an animation from the individual frames.
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Image Size The default width and height values are the dimensions of
the current graphics window (excluding the timeline and the navigation
pane). These values do not change if you resize the graphics window
while the Capture dialog box is open.
Lock Aspect Ratio Select this check box to ensure that the width-to-height
ratio remains the same when you resize the graphics window.
Quality Select the Photorender Frames check box to create a
photorealistic rendering of the animation.
Frame Rate Set the frame rate at which to record an MPEG or AVI file.
Compression Click Select to open the Video Compression dialog box and
select a video setting from the list. Then configure the compression as
required or accept the default Uncompressed.
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Compression settings are only available for AVI files and cannot
be undone once the animation has been captured.
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OK Click to begin recording.
Module 4 | Page 14
2011 PTC
Checking for Collisions

Drag components or animate analysis results to identify
collisions in a mechanism.
General Collision Detection
Settings:
No Collision Detection
Global Collision Detection
Partial Collision Detection
Include Quilts
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Figure 1 Arm Collides with Body
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Ring Message Bell when

Colliding
Stop Animation Playback on
Collision
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Collision Identification Settings:
Figure 2 Body Collides with Lift
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Checking for Collisions
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If you enable collision detection in Creo Parametric, collisions between

moving components are detected during dragging operations or during
animation of the assembly's analysis results. You can stop movement when a
collision is detected, or continue moving the component and get a continuous
collision view.
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Collision Detection Settings

You can access the Collision Detection Settings dialog box by clicking File >
Prepare > Model Properties and than click change in the Collision Detection
line from the Model Properties window or by clicking Collision Detection
Settings in the Playbacks dialog box. With these settings, you can specify
whether your result set playback includes collision detection, how much it
includes, and how the playback should display it.
By default, Creo Parametric does not check for collisions between moving
components. You must enable and configure collision detection using the
following general collision detection settings:
No Collision Detection This is the default setting. When set, no collision
detection is performed and you are able to drag components smoothly,
even if there is a collision.
Global Collision Detection Creo Parametric checks for collisions in the
entire assembly and the collision is identified in accordance with the
optional selected settings.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 15
Partial Collision Detection Enables you to specify which components

should be checked for collision. This is especially useful in large
assemblies where performance can be an issue.
Include Quilts Select whether surface quilts are included in the collision
detection process.
Use the following settings to determine how Creo Parametric notifies you
that a collision has been detected:
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Ring Message Bell when Colliding With this option enabled, a warning
bell sounds upon collision.
Stop Animation Playback on Collision With this option enabled, the
playback stops upon collision.
Module 4 | Page 16
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Checking for Collisions

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Collisions_Check
Task 1:
COLLISION.ASM
Check for collisions by dragging components.

from the Component
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2. In the ribbon, click Drag Components

group.
3. Select and drag the arm of the assembly so components collide with
one another.
4. Middle-click to stop the drag.
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5. Set the Collision Detection Settings.

Click File > Prepare > Model Properties.
The Model Properties window appears. Click change in the
Collision Detection line.
The Collision Detection Settings dialog box appears. Click Global
Collision Detection and then select the Sound Warning on
Collision check box.
ClickOK in the Collision Detection Settings dialog box.
Click Close in the Model Properties window.

PT
7. Select and drag the arm of the

assembly so components collide
with one another.
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You are now warned of

collisions while dragging by
both the collision detection
sound and the highlighted
interference volume shown
in the graphics area.
8. If necessary, click Regenerate Model

toolbar to return the components to their original regenerated position.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 17
Task 2:
Check for collisions by animating analysis results.

2. Click Mechanism
from the from the Analysis group.
4. The Playbacks dialog box appears. Click Restore Result Set

double-click the WITH_TRANSLATION.PBK file.
and
Click Play
animation.
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to start the
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7. The Animate dialog box appears.
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in the
Playbacks dialog box to open the
Animate dialog box.
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5. Click Collision Detection Settings.

The Collision Detection Settings dialog box appears. Select the
Stop Animation Playback on Collision check box.
Click OK in the Collision Detection Settings dialog box.
In
The animation stops at the

first frame where a collision
is detected.
PT
8. Click Play
approximately
12 times, so the animation will
step through each frame where
collision is detected.
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The animation will then

continue on until the next
collision is detected.
9. Middle-click and drag to spin the

model during the animation.
10. Click Close to close the Animate

dialog box.
11. Click Close in the Playbacks dialog box.
12. If necessary, click Regenerate Model
toolbar to return the components to their original regenerated position.
Module 4 | Page 18
2011 PTC
Creating Motion Envelopes

Motion envelopes are a faceted model created from the full
motion of a mechanism.
Create Motion Envelope:
Quality
Selected Components
Special Handlings
Output Format
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Motion Envelope from Frame File:
Export Frame (.fra) File

Save a Copy
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Figure 1 Mechanism
Figure 2 Motion Envelope

of Mechanism
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Creating Motion Envelopes

A motion envelope is a faceted model that is created from the full motion of
your mechanism during an analysis. You use the motion envelope to evaluate
overall size, packaging restrictions, enclosure requirements, and so on.
Creating a Motion Envelope

You create motion envelops by clicking Create Motion Envelope
Playbacks dialog box or by reading an exported frame (.fra) file.
in the
Selecting the Create Motion Envelope

opens the Create Motion
Envelope dialog box. Select from the following settings to create a motion
envelope using this method:
To use this method, you must have an analysis result set open in
the current session or you must have restored a saved .pbk file.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 19
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Quality Level In the Quality area, specify the quality level for creating the
motion envelope model. Type an integer from 1-10. The default quality
level of 1 is the lowest quality model. Models at this level are created from
a low number of facets, and thus have a lower quality representation of the
motion. Using a higher quality level, such as 10, increases the number of
facets and yields a higher-quality representation. Note that higher quality
levels require more computer resources to create.
Select Components Select or de-select sub-assemblies, parts, or bodies
in your assembly to include in your motion envelope.
Special Handling Depending on your requirements, select or clear the
Ignore Skeletons and Ignore Quilts check boxes.
Invert Triangle Pairs After you create and preview a motion envelope,
click Invert Triangle Pairs to access these options and adjust the motion
envelope.
Output Format In the Output Format area of the dialog box, specify one
of the following output file formats:
Part Creates a Creo Parametric part with faceted solid geometry.
LW Part Creates a lightweight Creo Parametric part with a lightweight
facet feature.
STL Creates a .stl file.
VRML Creates a .vrl file.
Output File Name In the Output File Name area, you can accept the
default file name or specify another name. For Part and LW Part envelopes,
you can also create the model using the default template model.
Preview Creates a shaded representation of the triangles for the motion
envelope. A message window reports the number of triangles produced.
Create Completes the envelope and saves the model to disk.
PT
Motion Envelope from Frame File
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You also create a motion envelope by reading in an exported frame file. The
benefit of this method is that you can use it outside of Mechanism mode. You
can send a frame file to a user or supplier who does not have access to
Mechanism mode and they can still create the motion envelope model.
Use the following steps to create a motion envelope using this method:
Restore or select an analysis results file (.pbk) in the Playbacks dialog box
to export the frame (.fra) file.

and click Export Results
Exit Mechanism mode by selecting Mechanism from the Applications tab.
Click File > Save As > Save a Copy and from the Type drop-down list,
select Motion Envlp. Then select the frame file to use for creating the
motion envelope.
Complete the model using options in the Create Motion Envelope dialog
box.
Module 4 | Page 20
2011 PTC
PROCEDURE - Creating Motion Envelopes

Close Window
Erase Not Displayed
Mechanism\Motion_Envelopes
Task 1:
ENVELOPE.ASM
Create an envelope from the Playbacks dialog box.
3. Click Mechanism
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6. Click Export Results
and
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5. The Playbacks dialog box appears. Click Restore Result Set

double-click the WITH_TRANSLATION.PBK file.
to export a frame (.fra) file.
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You will use this frame file to create a motion envelope in a later
task.
In
7. Click Create Motion Envelope

to open the Create Motion
Envelope dialog box.
The Create Motion Envelope dialog box appears. Edit the Quality
Level to 7 and press ENTER.
PT
You have to click OK in the Motion Envlp Alert dialog box

when you set the quality level higher than 2.
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Click Select Components , press CTRL, and in the model tree,

de-select ENVELOPE_PIN1.PRT and ENVELOPE_PIN2.PRT.
Click Create in the Create Motion Envelope dialog box.
Click Close in the Create Motion Envelope dialog box.
8. Click Open
from the Quick
Access toolbar.
9. Double-click ENVELOPE_
ENV0001.PRT to open the newly
created motion envelope.
2011 PTC
Module 4 | Page 21
Notice that you are no longer in Mechanism mode. This envelope

is a standard Creo Parametric part. In the model tree, you can
view that it is created from faceted surfaces and a Solidify feature.
Task 2:
Create an envelope by reading in a frame file.
1. Click Window and select ENVELOPE.ASM from the Quick Access

toolbar to return to the mechanism assembly.
3. Click Mechanism
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2. Select the Applications tab.
from the Motion group to exit Mechanism mode.
4. Click File > Save As > Save a Copy.
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5. The Save a Copy dialog box appears. Select Motion Envlp from the
TYPE drop-down list and click OK.
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6. Click Open to open the frame file WITH_TRANSLATION.fra.

Edit the Quality Level to 6 in the Create Motion Envelope dialog box.
Click LW Part as the Output Format.
Click Create in the Create Motion Envelope dialog box.
Click Close in the Create Motion Envelope dialog box.
In
The frame file WITH_TRANSLATION.fra was previously

exported.
PT
7. Click Open
from the Quick
Access toolbar
.
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8. Double-click ENVELOPE_
ENV0002.PRT to open the newly
created motion envelope.
Notice in the model tree that this LW Part type is created

using a Facet feature. It is not a solid feature like the
ENVELOPE_ENV0001.PRT.
Module 4 | Page 22
2011 PTC
Copyright
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Copyright 2011 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

User and training guides and related documentation from Parametric Technology Corporation and its
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27-June-1995; 5,469,538/21-Nov-1995; 5,469,538/21-November-1995; 5,506,950/09-April-1996;
4,310,614/30-April-1996; 5,513,316/30-April-1996; 5,526,475/11-June-1996; 5,561,747/01-October1996; 5,526,475/6-November-1996; 5,557,176/09-November-1996; 5,680,523/21-October-1997;
5,689,711/18-November-1997;
5,771,392/23-June-1998;
5,838,331/17-November-1998;
5,844,555/01-Dec-1998; 5,844,555/1-December-1998; 5,850,535/15-December-1998; 4,310,615/
21-December-1998; 4,310,614/22-April-1999; 6,275,866/14-Aug-2001; 6,275,866/14-August-2001;
6,308,144/23-October-2001; 6,447,223B1/10-Sept-2002; 6,473,673B1/29-October-2002; PCT
03/05061/13-Feb-2003; 6,545,671B1/08-April-2003; GB2354683B/04-June-2003; GB2354683B/04June-2003; 6,580,428B1/17-June-2003; GB2354685B/18-June-2003; GB2354684B/02-July-2003;
6,608,623B1/19-August-2003; 6,608,623B1/19-August-2003; 6,625,607B1/23-September-2003;
GB2354924/24-September-2003; GB2384125/15-October-2003; GB2354686/15-October-2003;
GB2353376/05-November-2003; GB2354096/12-November-2003; GB2353115/10-December2003; 6,665,569B1/16-December-2003; (KO)415475/6-January-2004; GB2388003B/21-January2004; GB2365567/10-March-2004; EU0812447/26-May-2004; GB2363208/25-August-2004;
GB2366639B/13-October-2004;
7,006,956/28-February-2006;
7,013,246B1/14-March-2006;
7,013,468/14-March-2006; (JP)3,962,109/25-May-2007; 7,464,007B2/09-December-2008.
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components licensed in connection with the Apache Software Foundation and/or pursuant to the
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included in the Ajax section of this distribution and is covered under the MIT LICENSE (see below).
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PTC will provide the source code for such software for a charge no more than the cost of performing
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Mechanism Design using Creo Parametric

Authored and published using

Copyright 2011 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

About PTC University

An innovative learning methodology - PTCs Precision Learning

Instructor-led Training (ILT) - The ideal blend of classroom lectures,

PTC University additionally offers Precision Learning Programs. These are

PTC Telephone and Fax Numbers

Education Services Registration

Technical Support, License Management, Training & Consulting

Please refer to http://www.ptc.com/services/training/contact.htm for contact

Topics are introduced through a short presentation, highlighting the key

After the course, a Pro/FICIENCY assessment is provided in order for you to

Precision Learning After the Class

A Pro/FICIENCY assessment from the course content that generates a

Precision Learning Recommendations

Introduction to the Mechanism Design Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Creating Mechanism Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Assigning Constant Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evaluating Analysis Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Student Preface Using the Header

Procedure / Exercise Header:

Course Handbook Layout:

Course Handbook Layout

Theory This section provides detailed information about content

Procedure / Exercise Header

The first module for certain courses is known as a process

To make the exercises and procedures (referred to collectively as labs) as

1. Procedure/Exercise Name This is the name of the lab.

and then click OK.

Two other items to note for labs:

Setting Up Creo Parametric for Use with Training Labs

PROCEDURE - Student Preface Using the Header

Erase Not Displayed

Configure Creo Parametric to ensure the system is set up to run

2. Locate your existing Creo Parametric shortcut.

3. Start Creo Parametric using the newly configured shortcut.

1. If you currently have files open, click Close

from the Quick Access

2. Click Erase Not Displayed

1. Notice the folder indicated in the header above.

tab from the navigator.

Click Working Directory

4. Double-click the Topic1_Folder folder to display its contents in the

Alternatively you can use the cascading folder path in the

1. Notice the lab model is specified in the header above.

OPTIONAL: Customize the In Graphics toolbar to show the datum

1. Right-click the In Graphics toolbar and clear the Datum Display

3. The model should now appear

This completes the procedure.

Enable only the following Datum Display types:

Introduction to the Mechanism Design

This module is an overview of functionality used within Creo Parametric for

After completing this module, you will be able to:

Introduction to Mechanism Design

The Mechanism Environment consists

Define mechanism connections

Figure 1 Loader Mechanism

Introduction to Mechanism Design

The Mechanism Design Extension (MDX) is included in every seat of Creo

Define mechanism connections between components.

Using MDX, you can do the following: