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2013 SECTION V

MANDATORY APPENDIX I
IN-MOTION RADIOGRAPHY
I-210

SCOPE

NOTE: Use consistent units.

In-motion radiography is a technique of radiography


where the object being radiographed and/or the source
of radiation is in motion during the exposure.
In-motion radiography may be performed on weldments when the following modified provisions to those
in Article 2 are satisfied.

I-220

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

I-223

BACKSCATTER DETECTION SYMBOL


LOCATION

CALIBRATION

I-263

BEAM WIDTH

EXAMINATION

I-274

GEOMETRIC AND IN-MOTION


UNSHARPNESS

I-274.1 Geometric Unsharpness. Geometric unsharpness for in-motion radiography shall be determined in accordance with T-274.1.
I-274.2 In-Motion Unsharpness. In-motion unsharpness of the radiograph shall be determined in accordance
with:

(a) For longitudinal welds the lead symbol B shall be


attached to the back of each film cassette or at approximately equal intervals not exceeding 36 in. (914 mm)
apart, whichever is smaller.
(b) For circumferential welds, the lead symbol B shall
be attached to the back of the film cassette in each quadrant or spaced no greater than 36 in. (914 mm), whichever
is smaller.

I-260

I-270

where
UM = in-motion unsharpness
w = beam width at the source side of the weld measured
in the direction of motion determined as specified
in I-263
d = distance from source side of the weld being radiographed to the film
D = distance from source of radiation to weld being
radiographed

The beam width shall be controlled by a metal diaphragm such as lead. The diaphragm for the energy selected shall be at least 10 half value layers thick.
The beam width as shown in Figure I-263 shall be determined in accordance with:

NOTE: Use consistent units.

I-274.3 Unsharpness Limitations. Recommended


maximum values for geometric unsharpness and inmotion unsharpness are provided in T-274.2.

I-275

LOCATION MARKERS

Location markers shall be placed adjacent to the weld at


the extremity of each film cassette and also at approximately equal intervals not exceeding 15 in. (381 mm).

where
w = beam width at the source side of the weld measured
in the direction of motion
a = slit width in diaphragm in direction of motion
b = distance from source to the weld side of the
diaphragm
c = distance from weld side of the diaphragm to the
source side of the weld surface
F = source size: the maximum projected dimension of
the radiating source (or focal spot) in the plane perpendicular to the distance b + c from the weld being
radiographed

I-277

PLACEMENT AND NUMBER OF IQIS

(a) For longitudinal welds, hole IQIs shall be placed adjacent to and on each side of the weld seam, or on the weld
seam at the beginning and end of the weld seam, and
thereafter at approximately equal intervals not exceeding
36 in. (914 mm) or for each film cassette. Wire IQIs, when
used, shall be placed on the weld seam so that the length of
the wires is perpendicular to the length of the weld and
spaced as indicated above for hole IQIs.

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No further reproduction or distribution is permitted.

ARTICLE 2

ARTICLE 2

Figure I-263
Beam Width Determination

I-279

(b) For circumferential welds, hole IQIs shall be placed


adjacent to and on each side of the weld seam or on the
weld seam in each quadrant or spaced no greater than
36 in. (914 mm) apart, whichever is smaller. Wire IQIs,
when used, shall be placed on the weld seam so that the
length of the wires is perpendicular to the length of the
weld and spaced as indicated above for hole IQIs.

REPAIRED AREA

When radiography of a repaired area is required, the


length of the film used shall be at least equal to the length
of the original location marker interval.

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No further reproduction or distribution is permitted.

2013 SECTION V

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