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General Information
Instructor
Dr. Zaher Abou Saleh
Office: 1st Floor, Eng. BLDG, Room F115
Phone: 3433
Email: z.abousaleh@bau.edu.lb
Class Locations
Lecture: G1-B142, G2-B 200-2
Class Time
TTH: 8:00 - 9:30, 9:30 -11:00
TEXTBOOKS
Prestressed Concrete: A Fundamental Approach, 5th Edition
Edward G. Nawy, Prentice Hall, 2012.
Prestressed Concrete Analsis and Design, 2nd Edition,
A. Naaman,TECHNO Press 3000, 2004
Post-Tensioning Manual, 6th Edition, Post-Tensioning Institute PTI
McGraw-Hill Intern. Editions, 6th Edition 2006
Standarspecifications for highway bridges, 17th Edition, AASHTO
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official
Wanshington D.C, 2002.
Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete,
ACI318-08, American Concrete Institute, 2005.
LearningOutcomes
Students will know the concept of prestressed concrete, the materials of
prestressing and the methods of prestressing.
Students will demonstrate the ability to classify the cases of loadings and the load
combinations into time dependent phases, and to determinate the permissible
stresses for the different phases.
Students will demonstrate the ability to determine the loss in prestress forces as
lump sum, or to as components of instantaneous and time losses. They will also
demonstrate the ability to use the numerical analysis software for the design of
prestressed concrete elements taking into consideration the prestress losses.
Students will demonstrate the ability to apply the fundamental principles of
prestressed concrete analysis and design of statically determinate elements
subjected to flexural moments, using both analytical and graphical methods
Content
1. Principal and Method of Prestressing
Introduction
Basic Concept Method
Prestressing Systems: Pre-tensioning and Post-tensioning
Particular Prestressing Techniques:: External Prestressing and Stage
Prestressing
Prestressed versus Reinforced Concrete
2. Prestressing Materials
Prestressing Steel: Types of Prestressing Tendons, Stress-Strain
Properties, Relaxation
Concrete: High Strength Concrete, Initial compressive strength,
Modulus of Elasticity, Creep and Shrinkage Effects
Anchorage and Jacking Systems
3. Computation of Prestress Losses
Sources of Loss of Prestress
Losses due to Friction
Elastic Shortening of Concrete
Anchorage Seating Losses
Steel Stress Relaxation
Shrinkage Loss
Creep Loss
mns
Conduct of Course
1. Assignments-Projects
20 %
40 %
3. Final Exam
40 %
Grading Policy
Final Score
Grade
100 - 95
94 - 90
A-
89 - 85
B+
84 - 80
77 -79
B-
73 - 76
C+
72 - 70
69-65
C-
64 - 60
59 - 0
WARNINGS !!!
1) Participation expected, check 80%
2) Study in groups but submit work on your own
3) No Copying of Project
4) Submit Project at the right place and time
5) Late Project with penalty 30%
6) No make up quizzes or exams
Wecandescribetheconcept
ofprestressedconcreteusing
thisillustrationofastackof
this
illustration of a stack of
booksThebooksonthe
booksThe
booksonthe
bottom are like pre
bottomarelikepre
bottomarelike
prestressed
stressed
concrete:usingacompressive
force,theysupporttheirown
weightplussignificant
weight
plussignificant
superimposedloads,
representedbythebookson
top.
P
Prestressedconcreteisnotanewconcept,
d
i
datingbackto1872,whenP.H.Jackson
datingbackto1872,whenP.H.Jackson
(California),anEngineerpatenteda
(California),
anEngineerpatenteda
prestressing systemthatusedatierodto
constructbeamsorarchesfromindividual
blocks Prestressed startedwithan
blocks.Prestressedstartedwithan
blocks.Prestressed
started with an
unsuccessfulwayswherealargelossof
prestressoccuruntilthesolutionwasfound
b E
byEugeneFreyssinet(France)wherehe
F
i t (F
) h
h
startedtheuseofhighstrengthandductile
steel(1926),thenhefollowedbyHoyer.
E,(Germany)whodevelopedthepre
E,(Germany)whodevelopedthepre
tensionconcept(1938),thenMagnet.
G
G,(Belgium),whotriedtodevelopan
(Belgium) who tried to develop an
anchoragesystemforpost
anchoragesystemforpost tensioning,
usingflatwedges(1940).
Pretentioned
SystemSteps
1. Anchoringoftendonsagainsttheend
abutments
2.Placingofjacks
3.Applyingtensiontotendons
4. Casting of concrete
4.Castingofconcrete
5.Cuttingof
thetendons
POSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
STEPS
THEFIVESTEPS
1 Placementofmonostrandandanchornailed
toformwork.
f
k
2 Removegrommets.
3 Placewedges.
4 Stressandanchorstrand.
d
h
d
5 Cutexcessstrandanddrypackpocket.
Hydraulicpump
4
Tendonprofile
support
1
PTEStrandCoInc.
Disadvantages of RC
Construction time
Concrete Quality Control
Cracking of Concrete
Advantages of PC
ComparedtoRC
Sectionremains
uncracked under
uncrackedunder
serviceloads
Reductionofsteelcorrosion
Reduction
of steel corrosion
Highermomentofinertia
Crackfree
Minimizedeflection
Improvedperformanceunder
dynamicwithfatigueloading
Highspanto
depthratios
Suitablefor
precast
precast
conditions
Rapidconstruction
R id
i
Betterqualitycontrol
Largerspans(Bridgeswith
Reducedmaintenance
largecolumnfreespace)
Suitableforrepetitive
p
Span to depth in slabs:
Spantodepthinslabs:
construction
Nonprestressed28:1
Multipleuseof
Prestressed45:1
Forthesamespan,lessdepth formwork
Availability of standard
Availabilityofstandard
Reductioninselfweight
shapes
Moreeconomicalsections
Requirementof
prestressing
bed
Waiting period
Waitingperiod
inprestressing
bed
Comparedto
posttension
Disadvantages
Skilled
Technology
Requiresgood
bondbetween
concreteand
steel
Frictionlosses
Compared to RC
ComparedtoRC
Highstrength
materialis
material is
costly
Additional
costin
auxiliary
equipments
Needfor
qualitycontrol
li
l
andinspection
PRESTRESSING APPLICATIONS
Continuousgrowthin
theuseofprecast
theuseof
precast
prestressedproducts
prestressed
prestressed products
products
hasledtonewdesigns
and applications in
andapplicationsin
bridges,Buildings,
WaterTanks,piles,
parkinggarages,
circularconcretepipes,
gravity baseoffshore
gravity
platformsand
t
terminals,andother
terminals,and
i l
d other
th
impressivestructures.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
BiscayneLanding,Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Promanade,
y
,
BoyntonBeach,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Promanade
Promanade,
BoyntonBeach,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Promanade,
BoyntonBeach,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
TheHamptons,
The
Hamptons
Aventura,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
TheMINT,
The
MINT,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
TheMINT,
The
MINT,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
ClassicResidencebyHyatt,
Classic
Residence by Hyatt
Aventura,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Someofthecompletedprojects
HyattVacationClub,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects
TerremarkBuilding,
Miami,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects
EmbassySuites,
Embassy
Suites
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
DisneyBeachVillas,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
Someofthecompleted
Some
of the completed
projects
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
HolidayInnWorldgate,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
SSomeofthecompleted
f th
l t d
projects
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
LittleLakeBryanComplex,
Little
Lake Bryan Complex
Orlando,FL
Someofthecompleted
projects
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
SSomeofthecompleted
f h
l d
projects
Marriott,,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
PTEPOSTTENSIONINGSYSTEM
Someofthecompleted
projects
WildernessLodge,
g ,
Orlando,FL
PTEStrandCoInc.
Economy
Safety
Environment
Serviceability