OFFICE OF THE PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICER: POLICE HEADQUARTER:

M.S.O. BUILDING, 8TH FLOOR, I.P. ESTATE, NEW DELHI

No.X)!IV/29/Spl/ID-3O63/2012/

/RTI/PHQ dated

I
1

To
Shri Venkatesh Nayak,
R/o 8-1 17, Second Floor,
Sarvodaya Enclave, New Delhi
Subject: -

110017.

Seeking information under the Right to Information Act- 2005.

*******

Sir,
With reference to your RTI application dated 13/06/2012 received in this
Hdqrs. 011 15/06/2012, on the subject cited above, I a m t o furnish a point-wise reply
pertaining to this Hdqrs., based o n the reports of quarter concerned, as under:-

b x ~ l

-~

Reply

Photocopies of requisite documents as asked from this office are enclosed

&

! herewith.

.pppp--

No such correspondence ma& k:i;.:

G ? ; C and the U n i m H ~ m e>!!nis:r;
a;:
available in file.
Fire arms are issued to all police personnel/officers of Delhi Police for law and
order duties. A copy of S.O. No. Ops-6(Previous Standing Order No.46/2008)
~ssuedvide No.2676-2800JRecord BranchIPHQ, dated 22/12/2008 which is self
-

--

--

--

Public Information Officer/PHQ

Deputy Commissioner of Pol~ce
Police Hdqrs.: Delhi
Encls. As above.
The first amellate Authoritv under RTI Act 2005 is Jt.C.P./PHO, 7th floor, MSO Buildina, I P Estate, New Delhi under
l
be filed within 30 davs of r e c e i ~ of
t the ~ . e ~ lifv ,not satisfied with
Section 19 of the RTI Act-2005. The a ~ w ashould
theabove reply.

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Sir.
hlHIZ had constit~~ted
a 'Iask Force under the Chairmanship of

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Union t.Iotns Secretary vide their letter No. 1-1 10 1 1/33/20 10-IS-IV dated

22.9.2010 to reco~nmendSC)P to deal with public a g i t a t i m with non-.-.-A-

+ \ - q b dnw".
-

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lethal rne:tsures.
_______
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DG, k3PR&D was the Member Secretary of this 'Task

Force.

2.

The 'T'ask Force has finalised the Standard Operating Procedures

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which nre compiled in the form of enclosed booklet. The booklet is being
_______----circulated for your information and necessary action.

Yours faithftilly,

34 3

Encl: A s above
Copy SI No.

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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

TO DEAL WITH PUBLIC AGITATIONS
NON-LETHAL MEASURES
WITH --

Contents
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2. Jbjscti:.c

Xe~ortof Sub G r o ~ i- u-

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.
.
.

Park?3.
General

-- ---

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- --

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Training

--

of Policemen regarding
Riot Control
Upgrading of Tmining
Eaui~ment

3
4

Part -2 (Standard Operatinq Procedure)

1 Procedure
-

8.

Part -3 (Sop for Special Situations)

13

15

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2. I Law and Order Problem created bv Women 1 Children
13. Stone pelting in narrow streets

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Part -4

1
:

Stone pelting mobs

Attack against officers/MotorcadesNehicles
Attack against Govt. Buildings/Police Buildings

- 9-

--

1 /

1 l 8. 1 List of Eauioment

18

--

Follow-up Action
Rehabilitation and Correction/Counseling Centers
6- Administrative Action
7. Other measures to diffuse the situation including addressing
I the causes

17

R e ~ o r of
t Sub Grouo: 2

20

21

---

CRDER
-,:\ Task Force t:ndei t h e Chairmanship of Lhe Union Horric
2p;~cr2tar/is harzby cons:i'!uted to racomrnend SOPS to deal with public
;~gita!icn wi?h non-lethal n:easuies.
'The Men:bt.rs and State
i??pre;entati\teu qf ths :as!< Force are as under:-

1.

E.
3.

-1.
5.
3.
7.

Director, Intelligence Bureau

Special Secretary (IS)
Director General, CRPF
Director General, BSF
Joint Secretary (Police Modernisation)
Director General, BPR&D
:
Member Secretary
Representative of DRDO

State Representatives :

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.
8.

Principal H o m e Secretary, Maharashtra

Principal H o m e Secretary, Jammu & Kashrnir
Principal H o m e Secretary, West Bengal
Director General of Police, Uttar Pradesh
Director General of Police. Andhra Pradesh
Director General of Police. Jammu & Kashmir
Director General of Police, Manipur
Director General of Police, Chhattisgarh

2.
In this context. a self-contained note titled 'Riot police - Tactics,
Equipment and Riot Gear' is enclosed.

3.
The date and vanli:, of t h e meeting of the Task Force shall b e
comrn~nicatedby DG, BPF?&D.
4.

The Task Force will submit its report within 60 days.

Encl. P 4 i b w e .

KT--(

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(Dharmendra Sharrna)
Joint Secretary (IS-I)

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( ~ 13
1

f Police Kcsea-ch 2!' Development, Fet~ruary20 1 I

RESTRICTED
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RE S'TRIC'T---E I)-

Report of' Siib (~roiip:1

Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

Icdia at the time or'!!.; i,cade~cndenceha; :~r.lc>pttldden~ocmticset up.

'fEie constit~:.tion proiidcs right t o ;issernbly to its citizens to

express their zricli~~cc.::;

peacefully. 'These assemblies rnay be
subject to such restrictions as notiiied by the competerlt authority.

..

I I.

The lawslinstructions t-iir clispersal of an urllawhl assembly are laid

down in the Crinlil~;!l Procedure Code, Police Acts and Police
Manuals of the Skates. An unlawful assembly may be ordered to
disperse by

iCfagistr;tte or officer-in-charge of a Police

StationISub-Inspector present, and when so ordered, it is the duty

of the members of thr: :lnlatvhl assembly to disperse. If they do not
disperse, mirlirnutn rxcessary force may be used normally in a
graded manner, to ciispeist: them. Any Police Officer may, without
warrant, arrest thc rfienliiers of an unlawful assembly and disperse
the assembly.
...

111.

Police/Public mzets :;hoiild be conducted regularly and Police

should try to involve the common people by organizing such
programmes so a ; to tliiute the problenl situations.

iv.

Magistrate/senior most police officer on the spot to decide type and

rluantun~of force.

I:.

The objective of use of ii~t-cc:is to tlisperse the unlawf~ilasserrlbly

;inti not to p~irlish!lit'tll.
.

i::irt::~u of Police Resenrcli ;;i. 1>e;.i:1:;pmerit,

February 201 1

E<EL3'I'RICTED
~

vi.

Action must stop after the dispersal of the unlawful asscn~blyis

achieved.

vii.

1,egal action must follow agairist those involved in the unlawful

assembly.

...

nil.

As far as practicable, the strt;,::;?

of the police party deployed for

dispersal of an unlawfhl assembly s;;?uld not be Iess than a

Platoon. The Platoon Commander will be responsib!~ for the
manner of utilization of the manpower in sc;ilsultation with the
senior most police officer present on the spot.

B) TRAINING
i. Training of the trainers to be conducted at selected Training
Schools/Colleges at National level under the supervision of MHA,

GOI.
ii.

Special emphasis during training should be laid on crowd control

and handlingluse of equipment during the mob dispersal with
effectiveness and minimum collateral damages and avoidance of
loss of human lives.

iii.

Sufficient knowledge of SubstantiveRrocedural Law to be

imparted during the training.

iv.

Trainers to be made aware about the working ofjudicial system.

v.

Stress during training to be on respect for Human RightsNalues.

vi.

Superintendents of Police should ensure that Sub-Divisional Police

Officers and Station House Officers organize demonstrations of
mob dispersal by the District Armed Reserve from time to time
during their visits to the District Headquarters.

Bureau o f Police Research & Llevclopment, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

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zrnergency. Such ;?lcr-cktlrill Is n;;ant to coorc:lin;)t~:-:cspon.w

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;ill

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2;~enciesirivol~'<;t.!
ii! !;>.o/ ?.[id order rnarr;~s~=rne:~t.
-1'ilese tf rills

~houldbe held ; ~ ttfisiricilpolice station levels with

rirl

nix1 to

;ffectively dei~l\rrit)~any law and order situatioi~.

i.

tivery StateICPO engaged in law

(ik

order duty should earmark

some battalions o f i111ned Police (as per requirement) specifically

for law & order tluty. Alternatively or addit ionally, States may
designate one or more companies in every battalion exclusively for
law & order duty and be kept on training round the clock.

..

11.

States may also constitute District reserves for this purpose.

Specialized training may be imparted to them to deal with unlaw fill
assembly. This trained component should be employed first to deal
with law & order problems and in case of hrther requirement,
other police components may assistlcomplement them.

...

111.

Ladies components should also to be identified and trained in riot

control.

ill.

Basic training rnodules at different levels need to be reviewed to

put more stress on anti-riot drills with more time (at least 4 weeks)

allotted for this with emphasis on simulated/mock exercises and

use of non-lethal methods.
v.

'Sraining resources, in terms of infrasiructure, manpower etc., may

be shared bctween ciifkrent StatesIPolice forces, for optirnal use, in
111organizeci

manner to train personnel in the fielcl.

i31.r .:nu o f Police Rcsearch 22 Development, February 20 1 1

RESTRICTED
-

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vi.

Szlect personnel may be imparted specialized training at various

centers of excellence in the world or through their instructors
brought to India by way of 'training of trainers' so that they may
later train others.

vii.

Short duration refresher course on anti-riot drills should be

imparted to all field officers, on rotational basis, who may be
required to deal with law and order problems.

viii.

As far as practicable, every district should hold simulation~mock

exercise for tackling law & order situation once every month.

ix.

Sufficient anti-riot equipments with emphasis on non-lethal

equipments need to be made available to the Police

SO
-

that they

could tackle law & order situations through non-lethal methods to

the extent possible.
x.

Provision of sufficient number of anti-riot gears/vehicles would

enable the Police Force to deal with unlawhl assembly more
confidently reducing civilian causalities due to panic reaction.

xi.

Sufficient number of trainers should be identified and deputed for

special training in riot control to the leading training centers. They,
in turn, would train the policemen in their Statemistrict.

xii.

Sufficient anti-riot/crowd control equipment to be made available

at the training centers.

xiii.

The introduction of Audio-Visual training will have an effective

impact on the trainees.

xiv.

Mock and virtual training modules be introduced in the curriculum.

xv.

Special incentives in the form of rewards should be provided to

those performing well in training centers as well as in the field on
this count for boosting their morale.

Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

I'raining capsulcs can be coi!(I~~~ter.l

in the L)i:;t~ ic; t'olice Lines also
qnd the policcnicil idsntiiizd for the purpose

c'lil

bi: piit to shortci-

duration courses.
ti

pool of trainers of all tht forces can be dcp~itecifor trainins o n

rotation basis.
Forces such as BSF/SSBA'I'BP/,~IRwhich have limited experience
in dealing with crowd co~ltroland are not having any riot control
equipment should not normally be used for mob dispersal. They
can be used for flag marches stc. to restore the confidence among
the general public.
xix.

All the District SSsP should devise a system so that all information
-.

pertaining to law and order situation is immediately and

continuously shared with all concerned, including Police Control
Room, on real time basis.
On receipt of information of a Law & Order situation, the PCR
should finction as a Nerve Centre of all the activities and pass on
the information to all the Senior Officers and senior finctionaries
of the Government concerned with law and order.
As far as possible arrange for video-graphy of mob violence to
identify the culprits for legal action.
Depending on the assessment of the local terrain, topography,
situation and nature of the mob, suitable use of mounted police
may also be considered.
xxiii.

IJse of helicopters, if possible for aerial recce , to identifjl the areas

where there is spontarleous violence and crowd movement on a
large scale for effective and better coordination among forces to be
cleployed to curtail the mob violence.

Eltirenu n f Police Research & Developinerlt, February 20 1 1

IXSTRICTED

xxiv.

Suitable procedures need to be evolved for management of the

media both during the operation and afier the operation. For media
management only designated Officers should brief the media
persons regarding law and order immediately after dispersal of the
mob without -1

any time so that correct picture is brought

before the general public to counter the rumours. However, media

needs to be kept away at a suitable distance fYom the places of mob
violence during action.
xxv.

It has been observed that during large scale violence the protestors
block roads especially main roads by creating obstructions to stop
vehicular movement. For removal of these vehicles at least one
Recovery Vehicle or suitable modified vehicle wi.th Crane needs to
be provided to every district.

xxvi.

The persons arrested during the mob violence need to be classified

as:

1. Minors 2. First time law breakers and 3. Hard Core

Criminals. The minors should be immediately segregated from rest

of the arrested persons and should be lodged in ~uvenile
Jails/Correctional Home. The first time arrested persons should be
dealt with appropriately and hard-core criminals need to be dealt
effectively under law.
xxvii.

Proper documentation, records and videography' of the events

should be maintained.

Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

1,vith

dispers~l!of crowd:; 3hould norl-r~;i!ly have the following

11.12

c.quir:ii!c.nt/arms:2)

50% with normal lathis/shields depending upon the strength

of the contingent of which half of them would have fill1
protective gears.

b) 2-4 persons with tear smoke guns/grenades, depending upon

the strength of the contingent.
c) 2-3 persons with non-lethal weapons.
d) 2 persons with firearms who will remain always with I/C law
and order contingent during mob violence.

..

Riot flags, display banners, bell hailers, video-camera etc., as far as

11.

possible, should be taken along by the police party being deployed

for dealing with an unlawfil assembly. Before use of force for the
dispersal, these banners etc. should be utilized to warn the unlawhl
assembly. The bannerdflags should be used in such a manner that
what is written on them is clearly visible and can be read or clearly
understood by the unlawful assembly.
iii.

The policemen used for dispersing the unlawfil assembly should

wear the prescribed uniforms and the protectivelanti-riot body gear.

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Bureau of Police Itesearch & Devzlopment, February 201 1

RESTRICTED
-- --

S7I'i\ND:iRD OPERATING PROCEDUIZE (S.0.P)

i.

As far as practicable, efforts should be made to disperse the

unlawfully assembly without using force i.e. through persuasion,
negotiations, mediations etc.

ii.

.111.
..

If they persist with their illegal act, their assembly should be

declared unlawful.
The crowd may have gathered without any overt violent activity
but there may be intent to cause violence which should be
prevented.

iv.

Consequently, they should be ordered to disperse, if they do not,

they should be arrested using minimum necessary force.

v.

If this doesn't work, they should be cautioned that force shall be

used.

vi.

If the unlawful assembly still persists, then force should be used to

disperse them.

vii.

Force is to be used by first using non-lethal means followed by

harsher ways, if required till the situation is brought under control.
Use of lethal means should be the last option, only when
everything else fails.

...
viii.

Before the decision to use lethal weapon is taken, the unlawhl

assembly should be again warned as far as practicable.

ix.

As far as practicable, attempt should be made to fire below the

waist, when resorting to firing becomes necessary to disperse

-- - - Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 20 1 1

--

RESTRICTED

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terrns before the: del:ili>!!.nwi?.ti:; n ~ a d e .

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r::fic~rtssi?~l.!idhi: mc?c!e to carrj otit video~:;r:~?hylp~;or;ogrilph~/

of

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restore ci>nkicj.encc among t h e public:, the administrative

ii~:lchineqst~oulilget ;;ctivated in thcir areas and establish contact

the respectable of the area and sddress the problems

.:,l/iti?

rc:sponsible f i r any 1 . d ~& Order situation.

L"zn Executive Magistrate should be deputed by the Administration

i.

:IS

far as possible where a breach of the peace i~ecessitatinguse of

force is anticipated. The Executive Magistrate on suo-mot0

~nformationor requisition by police should be present at the spot.
In order to ensure availability

of appropriate number of

magistrates/ofEcers specially empowered by the State Government

co meet the requirements of emergent law and order situations it
-,vould be desirable to periodically assess such requirement and
train them.
..
I .

~Xhenthe methods of persuasion, advice and warning by District

~'olice/Administration fail and the mob is bent upon violence then
!he Senior most Police Officer present at the spot must assist the

j%lagistrate by mobilizing the available police force (including

~vomencomponent if necessary and available) and utilizing them
:s best as possible. Following the orders o f &lagistrate or senior

ii~ostpolice ofiicer present on the spot, the E'olice may use the

rninimum force as is necessary to disperse ti-!(: unlawful assembly

.

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i'S'olice Researcli & Development, February 20 1 1

RESTRICTED
---

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10

by resorting to Lathi Charge, Water cannons and tear smoke shells-?

. .
and other less lethallnon-lethal weapons.

...
111. In case an officer of SI rank is not available on the spot, senior
most Police officer 1 policemen present should disperse the unruly
mob using minimum necessary force
The deployed personnel should remain intact in Sections/Platoons

iv.

and should not act individually.

If the unlawful assembly persists with defiance and the use of tear

v.

gas, Lathi charge etc. 'is ineffective to disperse the unlawfbl

assembly,

use

of

firearms

may

be

resorted

to.

The

Magistratelsenior police officer on the spot will be responsible for

taking a decision as to when an unlawful assembly has to be
dispersed by force and also the kind of force to be used.
vi.

After such a decision is taken, magistrate1 senior police officer

present on the spot will be responsible for deciding the type and the
quantum of the force to be used and the manner of using it.

vii.

Non-lethal weapons should be used to avoid loss of human life.

Aim should be taken at the lower limbs of protestors to avoid
causing injuries to the vital parts.

...
v~ii. All commands to the policemen are to be given by the officer in
command of the police party. The police should not open fire
except by orders of the Magistrate or the senior police officer
present on the spot.
Even after being warned, if the unruly mob does not disperse, the

ix.

order to fire may be given by the Magistrate or the senior police

officer present on the spot. The Magistratelsenior police officer
present on the spot will decide who in the party will use firearm
. .. .
,.
....--..
.
Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1
.~

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;~r,dwhai shuul(l b~ tbt: il:~?rlberof rounJl; t o

1,rcisred.

~ , v l l lbe

Ilt:

tired.

-I7ht3

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tiri1111,i r

in ,inyle shot node. P

kler
I tiri115 hInyistrate,'.;t;nior

most police officer on ~n;: spnt will assess the impact of firin?

ii:,

the unlawhl asszi;hly ar:(! further use of' nny other force \vill

Jecided accorclirl~;ly.

The force should bc useti when it is absolutely necessary. It ;hr)u!d

be minimum and proportional to the situation and shoulci be

stopped/discontinuecl, the moment mob violence stops.
.(i. Firing should cease if the unlawful assembly shows signs of'

dispersing i11 the opinion of Magistrate/senior most police officer

present on the spot. After dispersal, the police party should extend
all help to immediately evacuate the casualties to the hospital.

:i.

Attempt should bc made to contain and isolate the disorder to the

smallest area possible and subsequently area be cordoned, as
necessary, to prevent the spreading o f violence to other areas.

.tiii.

While dealing with unlawful assemblies care should be taken to

ensure that public property and vital installations existing in the
affected area are safeguarded.

xi.

The policenlen should not pursue the members o f an unlawful

assembly for inmediate arrest where'there is an apprehension that
it

may

lead

desperate

its

acts endangering

r-ioters/poljccmcn.

. ,

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!3\irc:!u of I'olicc I < c ~ e ; ~ ~22

- c!?t:velopment,
.l~
F:ehruary 201 1

RESTRICTED
- -. -

--

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...

the

lift: of

Sop for Special Sitrrations

Stone peltin2 mobs: -

3.1)

While any unruly mob resorting to violence resorts to Stone pelting

on Police contingent, in such situation, the force deployed should be
committed to disperse the stone pelters by following the SOP as under:
i.

It is very important that proper briefing is given by the officer

in-charge

the. deployment

before

is made

conveying

the

instructions in clear terms.

..

11.

At the very outset announcement for dispersal should be made

through PA system or other available means.

...

111.

Riot flags and display banners, as far as practicable should be taken

along and should be hoisted at conspicuous spots.

iv.

The senior most police officer present on the spot dealing with the
stone pelters should assess the feasibility of charging at the unruly
mob with lathis and shields first. The assessment would depend
upon the relative strength of the unruly mob and police force and
whether the police party is equipped properly with anti-riot gear so
that police personnel do not suffer disproportionate iojuries.

v.

If stone pelting from the unruly mob persists, the Police contingent
should, as far as practicable, use water cannon and tear smoke
shells and attempt should be made to avoid hitting directly on vital
parts of their body by the shells to minimize causalities.

vi.

If use of tear smoke is not effective, other non-lethal and less lethal
means should be used exercising caution and discretion. Attempt
should be made to keep the line of fire, when required, below the
- ..

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Bureau o f Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

.-

13

tist st o f thc t;lrgt:t to ri!r!uce htzlities.

-.,!i.

i-lo:i/cvt=r,it is advisr~blt:that tire be clirectcd towards ;nost ::!c?\t:nt

sections of the s t o pelting

~ ~ rxob only.

..

,i

l.

When all abovz options turn unsuccessful and use of fireanns

becon~es riecessary, tb.2 proczdures

envisagecl

in (:rim inal

Procedure Code are to be followed. At the outset, the unruly mob

be warned through P.A Systernlloud hailers, etc. about the use o f
firexms. When unruly mob does nc?t respond positively and usc of'
round
iirearrns becomes unavoidable, it is advisable----that -the initial
---.---.
of_ _firing
be--.-made-_ in-_____air, If despite this the unruly mob does not
-

L_

disperse, Magistratelsenior police officer present on the spot may

decide to order firing by using single shot mode. The police
personnel (individualslsections) who may be called on to fire
should be identified in advance and briefed accordingly. Maximum
restraint should be observed to ensure minimum necessary use of
firearms ensuring minimum causalities.
i:i.

The firing should cease the moment the unruly mob, in the opinion
of the Magistratelsenior most police officer present on the spot,
shows signs of dispersal.

Prohibitory orders, if imposed by authoritie:~in an area, should be

strictly enforced.
i.

Use of helicopters for surveillancelguidance to ground forces and

for anti-riot actions using non-lethal methods may be considered.
Senior officers should make assessment about the use, as per the
requirements.

I>iiieau of Police Researcti & Development, February 201 1

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--

3 . 2 ) i\it:ick against ot'i7'icei-s/hlotorcadcs/VeI~icles:-

i.

The local jurisdictional Police Oficers (SDPOISHO) should be

informed well in advance by the concerned authorities regarding the
movement of VIPsISenior Civil/PolicelPklF officers and other
protected persons.

. Proper briefing of the force should be done by the officer-in-charge

11.
,

before the deployment is made conveying the instructions in clear

terms.

..111.. In the situation where any officer/motorcade/vehicles are subjected

to stone pelting, the officers/vehicles should try to reach the nearest
police stationlse~urityforce camplpicket to avoid civilian causalities
and possible injury to the VIPlofficer and damage to the vehicles.
Priority should be given to evacuation and rescue including
immediate shifting of the VIPIofficer, in case of injury, to the nearby
hospital. The accompanying in-charge of the police party should
have the contact numbers of the concerned1 nearby Police Stations,
which can provide immediate help to the motorcade to take it out of
troubledldanger area.
iv.

The officers should avoid moving in long convoys in areas affected

by violence on account of law & order problems and should
necessarily carry riot control component with adequate riot control
equipmentlgears. Personal Security Officers (PSOs), who are
deployed with weapons, should be advised not to directly come in
contact and deal with the unruly mob. They should be clearly briefed
to resort to firing only in exercise of right to self defence, when there

is an imminent danger to the life of the VIPIOfficer or PSOs himself.

Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

,I .

F VII?i/Prot:ct~:r!

'l'k escort vcilic!::,:

x,vith them sor;l<;

F~:rson st~orildzlso carry

i n case the

so that

'/IP/?rotected P~.r.;;jei~
happegs to bc cotltiontcd by unruly mob,
these non-lethal l;+;:~yipcms
t k r s . DROO

COII!(.~ be

~.l.';edtill reinforcement reaches

!!,:vcloped _ ruljb::i
bi.!llets
[or usc i .n A:(.. - -rifles.
__
..
. .

11:;

_-._,

_.

i.

'These rubber b~~lllcts

carried in an identifiable coloured magazine
,?hould be carried along by the escort party for usLein exigencies
and to avoid the IIYG o f l i v ~ainmunitil.,il by mistake.
vi.

In cass immediate withdrawal is not feasible, rioters should be kept

engaged till reinforcements arrive. PClUnearby Police/SF Units
should be contacted without losing time for the purpose.

vii.

The Provision of medicallfirst-aid facility should always be

available with the rnotorcade/in the vehicles of officers.

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Bureau of l o l i i x Research 2~Llz~ieloprnent,February 201 1

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--

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16

RESTRICTED
---

--

3 . 3 ) Attack against Govt. Rr~ildings/PoIjceH u i l d i n ~ s :

In no case should the Police installations be lett unattended while

i.

dealing with the law & order situation. Smooth and un-interrupted
functioning of communication system should always be ensured.
ii.

Contingency Plans should be worked out locally for the security of

all the Government/police buildings in case of an attack by the
unruly mob. The plan

should also

identie the

various

units/locations from where reinforcements are to reach for security

of particular building. All police personnel should be made aware
of their roles and the responsibilities in these plans. Proper
communication needs to be ensured for execution of these plans.

...

When the unruly mob shows signs of violence, the force contingent

111.

should try to take over the Govt. buildings located at the site. As a
first step, people inside the building be rescued by evacuating them
from the safe exit.
However, in case violent rioters target any Govt. building,

iv.

minimum necessary force should be used to disperse them so that

Govt. property is saved.
v.

The movement of fire tenders should be facilitated towards the

affected buildings.

vi.

The Police contingent should requisition the fire control systernlfire

tenders whenever there is an apprehension or advance intelligence
of such situations developing at any place. A prior coordination
with the concerned departments would be required.

vii.

Proper static guards should be tieployed at Police Station buildings

backed by a well-equipped QRT.
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Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

RESTRICTED

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z ,

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.

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17

i.

[Jnnlly mob of wcrneni' children rlezds to be i a c k l e d 'xith restr.:.iiil:

C,a\i' 3 i 1 t l Order Pri,Olenl crc:~ttld

-...--.-..-- i b-*l-.l.~
l.tl;orn~n/(~,'91ililrei1.
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-_
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--.......--.---.-----I-_

and sensitivity.
..

11.

LVonen/c;hilclrcn demonstrators as far as practic;~bleshould be dealt

by wolr?en police only. Womcr: protesters shot~ltl ge~ernllybe

persuaded to disperse. In case persuasion fails, water cannons and
tear smoke can be used. If required, stun genadcs can also be usecl

to disperse the women demonstrators.

...

111.

Quantum of Force should be commensurate with the reaction from

such crowd.

iv.

Methods such as use of water cannons, poly carbonate lathis should

be resorted to.

3.3)

i.

Stone peltine in narrow streets:-

Proper briefing should be done by the officer in-charge before the

deployment is made conveying the instructions in clear terms.

..

11.

As far as practicable confrontation with the stone pelters in narrow

streets should be avoided.

...

111.

It should be ensured that a minimum of one section strength of

policemen is deployed together at a place to avoid getting trapped
individually. There should be coordinated action instead of
individual act ion.

iv.

Chasing of violators by Police should always be to a limit and

following the rioters deep inside the by-lanes & streets be avoided
to prcverlt causalities

or1 either

; . ,

side.

Bureau a f Police Research (Pr. Development, Fehruary 201 1

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.~
-

. .

. . . ~ ...

18

v.

Every effort should be made to restrict the rioters from assembling

at vital spots to avoid blockade to emergency services and the
consequent act ion.

vi.

Dealing with law & order problems at night timz from stone pelting
mobs needs lot of discretion and proper supervision to avoid
allegations against the policemen and to avoid casualties.

vii.

The withdrawal should be in a tactical manner. The last line of

defense of the Police Component side should take utmost
precautions while physically withdrawing from the scene. The
withdrawal should be in a phased manner i.e. third line of defense
should retrieve first, second line should give support to the party
directly facing the unruly mob and finally when the entire situation
is brought under control, the officer in charge on the spot should
withdraw the rest of the force component thereby minimizing the
chances of provocative/retaliatory attacks from the mob. Once the
entire withdrawal is made, appropriate debriefing at pre-determined
places be done by the officer-in-charge at the end of the day to plug
loopholes for the future and for enquiring about and looking after
well being of the policemen.

Bureau of Police Research & Development, February 201 1

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i.

l>zbricfing of the forc;: shoulcl be dori;: at

fl-,.:

end of tile day to

ascertain lessons learnt nnd hr enqair.ing ;~bor.~c

anci looking aiter
thc well-being of the policemen.

ii.

A strategy has to be chalked by the IlC of the contingent at the end

of the day about withdrawal of force which should be done in a

systematic manner in phases. It ]\as been observed that mob

soinetimes attacks the force person~elat the time of withdrawal at
the end of the day. Sufficient care has to be taken during
withdrawal of forces so that no confrontation with the public takes
place at that time.
...

~ 1 .

The Senior Police officers entrusted with the duty of maintenance

of law and order should give proper briefing to the personnel to be
deployed for the task and on the return of the deployment a
debriefing session should be held to assess the performance of the
force and identify deficiencies, if any, and issue necessary
instructions accordingly.

iv.

The officer in-charge of the deployment should keep proper

account of the rounds fired and subsequently DySY District Armed
Reserve of the respective districts should consolidate the
statements.

Bureau o f Police flescarch L?.' Ilevelopment, February 201 1

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1)) 1ichabiIit;ition ancl C o r r c c t i o n / C o u n s c l l i ~C'cntcr-s

~~

Since law and order problem are generally short-term probletns

having certain genesis and reason/grievances, it would be
appropriate to involve public through counselling so that issues can
be understood by them. Permission for rehabilitation/correctional
centres should be made by the State Governments in order to
prevent the juvenile delinquents getting mixed up with hardened
criminals/ANEs in the jails.
B) Administrative Action

Stratification of unlawful assembly 1 unruly mob needs to be made

immediately and be analyzed regarding its composition and
structure i.e., government employees, businessmen, social
groups/organizations etc. Suitable stringent administrative actions
are required against these depending upon their level of
involvement.
District SSP in coordination with District Magistrates (DM)
have to initiate exercise to apprise Government for action.
C) Other nleasures to diffuse the situation including addressing
the causes
An all out multi-pronged strategy involving all the stake
holders need to be devised well in advance by address in^ the
basic causes leading to law and order problems by providing
situational sensitive and responsible administration to the
people.

Bureau of Police Research & ~ e v e l o ~ m e nFebruary

t,
20 1 1

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ICepoi-t o F Sub C;lso~ip.

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RESTRICTED

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Plnslic T3ull<t:; f<';-lr
&lob Disper-s:lll
x/!\ri#3113 v[.)ryi:,., ;>.f 'r:lser
I?cpperbail :T,x.-.i, . I , ~ : ; x ~ J
The Llli-$13
1,:ise.r Dazz1s.r:;
>.let :Crlns
Stink Bombs
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1)

and dra~Yvback of the fn:ilividim:>J

c.rli~ipmenUsituaticsns in which a partictalas weapoa
skoalldls hould not Bte deployed
"i"l-3~ effectiveness

W a t e r Cannon
--

A water cannon is a device that shoots a high-pressure strearrr

of water. Typically delivery rates of 15 Us are cdmmon. The water can
be delivered as a continuous stream, or in pulses; through a hard jet or
as a spray.

'The main problem with the water cannon is that the tanker is
ponderous and as such it cannot go in small lanes. It is required that
small water cannons which rnay be mounted on I,blVs wit11 a little
mocli tication

irl

thc chassis, if necessary may be done.

El.rcau of Polic2 Research 3 Development- Feb 201 1

RESTRICI'ED

2>

RES'MlIC'r E D

..

Water canon has low range of less than 50 yards and does not hurt
even if taken head on. Tank o f 8000 ltr runs out in just 8 minutes and
refilling o n the spot may be difficult.

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Bureau of Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

RESTRICTED

., -

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',vhji;il causes tears or general irritation in oyes, r:osc

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(.:(.

l/~:ji-i:,)i;*~j

r---,

j/.:?cs of normal, electric and dual shell:;. It's et'fc~t

:./ ;

- ti~~lls:
i i, ,(.,
~., 4, i'--. ~ ~ i l c ~ ~

devices

in general

require

lowing

t hc

I t a p i ~ ifiring lLliir,chcrsthat may quickly saturate a n area with srt~illi

rt.

:;ilt:l1.;

of nil) caliber that is round suitable anti feasible should be

Tt is i.~cderstood that it may not be easy to design

13tttrrnpt,:rl.

Iaunchcrs

tl1:li

\:iill be able to fire the existing 33 rnm shells i n

nutomatic n-icile---hence the need of smaller calibers shells is there.

b. hIortars fiiing parachute tear gas shells that let a c l o ~ i dof tear gas/
s i n o k ~cPcscc~:clupon the rioters should be fabricated.
c. Shells in which the cornbustion is faster thereby making

to throvi

it difficult

tht:i~~
back.

11. Pendinc<
.-, t i l e cllevelopment of rapid-firing launchers stated above,
niulti-shrit la~inc'nsrsmay be tieveloped so that the rate of fire rnay

i
x incrcast;~\.
:I;t~ell.si ~ i i t i l uiastic headsbodies that hit softer than shells with

I.:

1::etc~l botiies rnust bc attcmpted. Shells if they llil human body

4 .

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.,.

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irl~i,.;lcar!,ie

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. ; I . - & C)sveloprnent- Feb 201 1
I?ES'TRIC'TED

...

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ir

-RES'TRICTED
---- -

11

. Shells or grenades which have substances with bg-enter irritant

capsaicinoids or CR or whatever-the

capacity-whether

idea is

that it must have proven effect on actual riotous mobs and not on
volunteers.
Effectivity of tear gas is highly limited in open spaces and depends
greatly on prevailing winds. People have learnt protective tricks like
use of wet cloth to evade its ill impacts. As such experienced rioters
do not take it seriously. The shells are either smothered with a wet
gunny bag or thrown back. Throwing back is facilitated by the fact
that TSM burns and does not explode. Individual sl~ellsdo not produce
a sufficient volume of smoke/sound and the rate of burning

slow- due to this the rioters throw the shell back.

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Bureau of Police Research Sr. Development- Feb 201 1

RESTRICTED

*..

is also

Dye is sprayed over

of crowd thereby creating

psychological impact on rr~.o:,;.,c~lit sta: ts running hither thither out of

fear and conhsion.
Stinger grenade pellets clo i!ot go beyond 30 feet and do not cause
harm more than rubber bullet:;.
For stinger and dye-marker g r d n ~ l e sto be more effective, these rnay
be developed after incorporntizg iiritants.
It should be used from a very s;r fc distance.

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-

Y l.!icriu of Police Research ?L D e v ~ l u p i l ~ c nFeb

t - 201 1

3.F;,S'l'!tILl'TED

..

.- . . . , . .

..

.76

RESTKIC'I'E
11
----

Plastic Blillets Tor Mob Dispersal

Bullets made of plastic which are fired fiom the regular rifles.
At present the plastic bullets can fire on individual mode. The basic
requirement is that it should be possible to fire them in semi-automatic
mode fiom the regular rifles (AK and INSAS) and that the effective
range must be about 50 yards.
It has not yet been field tested. .303 version was tested in Kerala and
not found to be capable of dispersing a mob. In real life, under stress it
is unrealistic for .the police man to be able to judge range correctly.
It should not be used' fiom a close distance.

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Bureau of Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

RESTRICTED

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'l'aser is an electro shock. weapon that uses electric current causing

instantltemporary neuro muscular incapacitation. There are various
forms of Tasers like X-26, X-3, X-12, Taser shock wave.
a) Taser X-26 - It fires a single shot and hence cannot be used on
mob. It is a weapon for controlling an individual with very low range ofjust 35 feet.
b) Taser X-3- It has three barrels and still cannot deal with a mob.
c) Taser X-12- It fires a projectile without the wire attached to it to
produce shock of 500 volts.
d) Has range upto 100 feet and has not yet been field tested by us.
Taser Shock wave- It mounts several wire bound Tasers together. The
problem with the device is that because of the projectiles coming out,
it cannot have any wire mesh protection, hence it is vulnerable to
stones.
The basic limitations of the Tasers are their low range and usually
single-shot nature. It' 'Tasers are to be used with any effect in dealing
with mobs, the following modiiications are required:
It should be possible to fire the prongs or the projectile (XREP--

Extended Range Electronic Projectile) to at least 30-40 yards.

It

should simultaneously be possible to tire the prongs or the projectile

i n rapid succession for dealing with multiple targets.
.,

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Euieau of Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

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.,-

RES'TRIC'TED

Pepper ball Launchers

Pepper ball Launchers launches small balls filled with pepper powder
with irritants on the mob. It has been extensively field tested. It has a very
low range of just about 30 yards in comparison to tear gas, hence it is
risky in fiont of mobs throwing stones. The accuracy becomes quite poor
after 30 yards.
It requires at least 6- 10 rounds to cause real discomfort which is difficult
in real life. It is not-effective
--to__
disperse the mob.
-- It sounds very feeble
and has no psychological impact like tear gas shell.
They have not been found effective with the given formulation.
However, should the DRDO succeed in developing an irritant which is
much more powerful, pepper balls can be designed incorporating that
chemical.
The irritant effect is not adequate in open spaces and is vulnerable to
winds and drizzles.

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Bureau o f Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

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LRAD (Long R;lnge Acoustic Device) produces a loud sound which

can bc delivereti in :* particular direction. I n the current design, the
LKAD is not f0ur.d to produce instantaneous effect even at low ranges
of 70 yards.
It can be considerecl to use sonic weapons if they use such frequencies

andlor such amplitude that they produce instantaneous nausea,

vomiting, dizziness or stomach ache-strong
to leave the place immediately.
It should not be 1.1scdfrom a close distance.

_ + I

Bureau o r Police R;s;~~ich3 Dcvzlopment- Feb 201 1

RESTRICTED

enough to compel a man

RESTRICTED
-

--

Laser Dazzlers

A device with both short. and long ranges producing flashing light
which causes discomfort to the mob. It comes in both hand held and
vehicle mounted versions.
Laser Dazzlers can be used effectively on a mob only if at a range of
50 yards or so, the beam diameter is about 40 inches. The idea is that
it should be possible to affect two-three people at a time and also to

make it difficult for them to shield the eyes or dodge them. A fine
well-collimated beam with a spot with the diameter of an inch or so
would not do. Further,

It will have to be tested on riotous situation,

specially on:(a) How they react to it the second time when the novelty effect is no
longer there.
(b) How effectively they counter it with color filters; avoiding looking
in front; and physical shielding of eyes etc. Its effect may be

reduced by wearing Goggles of glasses tinted with some other

colour. By using mirrors it can be thrown back to the Police men.

.
...

Bureau of Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

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..

31

'These

~ L U I Sti~,.:i:.$ts

on the target and ensnares up to ma: ~ C T S O I Iat a

time. Xt can er?tartale one individual and has a low range.

if Net GUIISarc to be used with some effect:

(a)Range and arca of the net has to be increased so as to ensnare up

to

four-five people at a time. Range has to be at least 40-50 yards.

It should not be used for a larger crowd.

,.'d*

Hurt.,lu of Police Research iB C)evelopment- Feb 201 1

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32

f<ES~rRIC'I'ED

--- --.- -- ..- - .-

Stink 13o111bs
-

Stink Bomb contains chemicals of foul smell which cornpels people to

leave the area to protect themselves from the intolerable stench.
DRDO should also develop stink bombs based on mercaptons-they
..-

can

try and develop any chemical. The stink of the chemical must not linger
more than a few hours.
Stink Bomb can run into le'gal problem if used in market/ residential
areas.

(d) Cost and source of procurement of the equipment

The cost of the equipment is not available with the CRPF. However it
may be obtained from the internet. Many items like tear gas shells/stinger
and dye marker grenade/plastic bullets are being procured from TSU
BSF, Tekanpur.

..

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Bureau of Police Research & Development- Feb 201 1

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oi\l;rct
.---.

I t- ,

Modernization Division

Bureau of Police Itesearch :~nclDevelopment

Ministry of Home Affairs
Block No. 1 1,3/4thFloor

CGO Complex,Lodhi Road

New Delhi - 1 10003.India
Phone
__--___----_-_--_-_-----------------------------------------..----------..

IG (Modernization): -t91 - l 1 -24360923

MobiIe no: 09868057093
Email: lnkchhnbra I !;Igj!Y I I I ; ~ ~ ~ G ~ , I ? !

Visit us at: http://bpl-rl.r!ic,i;~

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l3iif;cip:?/,

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Jh.di0d.3 ;<;.i!:31'1,
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Enclosed pleas;? find hei.;?*t/ithoriginal fi!e of \ h a y e s containing

booklet Copy No.048 of literait~rdisyarding 'Standard Operating Procedures to dm1
with public agitations with Plon-Lethal Measures" alongwith ~ m ( ~ o tSheet
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containing-04 pages. It has besn decided in this Headquarters that contents of this
booklet may be iricluded in the training agenda of Police Personnel who are gi\~en
training for the purposes at different Delki Police Training Institut!ons.
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I' !F&
(P.D. SHARMA)ACPlC&T
For DY. COMMISSIONER OF POLICE:
HEADQUARTERS: DELHI.

Encls: As above

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