SAP - Etabs

Structural Analysis Program

Extended 3D Analysis of Buildings Systems

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By: DR. Ahmed M. EL-Kholy

Lecturer
Department of Civil Eng..
Fayoum U

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Ahmed M. EL-Kholy
Copyright

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Ahmed M ELKholy

Important Brief
Introduction ly
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to -K
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Finite Element
Method
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FEM
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A Element Analysis
Finite
FEA

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Ahmed M ELKholy

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Ahmed M ELKholy

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Ahmed M ELKholy

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Ahmed M ELKholy

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Ahmed M ELKholy

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SAP
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Structural Analysis Program

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Ahmed M ELKholy

Important Briefoly
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Introduction
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16

Area Sections
..Define Section PropertiesArea Sections

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Sign Convention
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Frame Sign Convention

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Positive Axial Force & Torque

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Frame Sign Convention

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Positive M3 & V2
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Frame Sign Convention

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Positive M2 & V3

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Shell Sign Convention

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Forces are per unit

length

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Positive Stresses and In-Plane Forces

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Shell Sign Convention

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Moments are per

unit length

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Positive Bending Moments

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Default Colors of faces +3 & -3

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face 6 = face+3 = Red

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face 5 = face-3 = Pink

Positive Bending Moments

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Degrees of. EFreedom
..Analyze Set
Analysis Options
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Degrees of Freedom
..Analyze Set Analysis Options

Any space joint has 6 DOF

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2D Frame XZ Plane
2D Frame XY Plane
3D Frame
3D Truss
2D Truss XZ Plane
XY Slab (Vertical Loads)
XY Slab (Vertical & Horizontal Loads)

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Uy

Uz

Rx

Ry

Rz

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------

---

------
------

---
------

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Load Patterns, Load Cases,

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Load Combinations
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..Define Load
Patterns
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..Define
Load Cases
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..Define Load Combinations
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?Load Patterns, Load Cases, Load Combinations

3

Load Case

Load Combination

OW

Dead=OW+Flooring+Wall Weight

Flooring

Work=Dead+Live

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Wall Weight
Live

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Wind

EQ-Static

Temperature

EQ-Dynamic
Buckling
Moving Load

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Load
oh Pattern
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Liner or Non-Linear

Static Load Cases

..Define Load Patterns, Load Cases, Load Combinations

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Ult=1.4Dead+1.6Live

Follow Chapter 3
in ECP-RC
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....
...

A Load Pattern must

be created for every
Static Load Case
to enter
the patterns
(values & shapes) of
applied loads
in the case
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?Load Patterns, Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Patterns

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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Cases

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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Cases Flooring (modify/show case)

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Research

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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Cases Modal (modify/show case)

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3n
90%
ECL 2012
item: 8-4-2-6

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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Cases Add New Load Case Response Spec..

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UBC: 9.81

..Define
Functions
Response Spectrum

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Load Patterns, ?Load Cases, Load Combinations

..Define Load Cases Add New Load Case Response Spec..

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..Define
Functions
Response Spectrum

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Load Patterns, Load Cases, ?Load Combinations

..Define Load Combinations

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Steps L
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Buildingd M
a SAP Model
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Steps of Building a SAP Model

1

Units

New Model

Available DOF

Define Materials, Sections, Functions, L Patterns, L Cases, L Combinations

Draw the Structure & Assign Sections

Assign Joint.. Restraints, Constraints, Springs

Assign Frame.. Releases, End Offset, Intersection Points, Output Stations

Assign Area.. Springs

Assign Joint Loads & Frame Loads & Area Loads

Bottom Right Screen

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Alternative 2
4* Draw the Structure

12 Check Warnings & Errors in the Log File

13 Display Show Deformed Shape

Slide 31~38

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10 Display.. Show Loads & Misc Assignments

11 Run

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Slide 8

14 Read Deflections, Forces, Moments.

5* Define.
5\* Assign Sections
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Step 2L
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Newd M
Model
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Step 3. New Model

..File New Model

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Cartesian & Cylindrical

Slide 27

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Step 4*-K
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Draw the. Model

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Drawing
Tools
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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Drawing / Selection / View Tools

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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Drawing / Selection / View Tools

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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Drawing / Selection / View Tools

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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Drawing / Selection / View Tools

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View Direction Angle options: Set these three angles to determine the
orientation of the view. These angles can be thought of as describing the
location of your eye, looking toward the origin

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Plan angle: Your location in the X-Y plane, where zero is on the positive X
axis, and 90 is on the positive Y axis

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Elevation angle: Your location above or below the X-Y plane, where zero is
on the X-Y plane, and 90 is on the positive Z axis

Aperture angle: A measure of how strong the perspective effect is, or how
far away you are from the origin. Zero indicates that you are infinitely far
away, and all receding lines are parallel (no perspective). A value between
30 and 60 is usually adequate
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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Drawing / Selection / View Tools
Training Example

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3m

3m

Z
Y

4m

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4m

X
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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Using Excel
Drawing a Joint
Type
Name X
POINT
1
2

Y
3

Z USER
1
Y

Drawing a Frame
Type
LINE

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Name XI YI ZI XJ YJ ZJ
1
3 5 0 7 5 0

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Drawing an Area
A

Type Name NumPoints X1 Y1 Z1 X2 Y2 Z2 X3 Y3 Z3 X4 Y4 Z4

AREA
1
4
3 5 0 5 5 0 4.6 8.9 0 1.1 7.2 0
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Step 4*. Drawing the Model

Using Excel :: Training Example
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9m

2.5 m
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Joint Constraints
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..Define Joint
Constraints
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..Assign
Joint Constraints
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Joint Constraints
..Define/Assign Joint Constraints..
Body

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A Body Constraint causes all of its constrained joints

to move together as a three-dimensional rigid body.
If a large number of these constraints must be created,
consider using the weld constraint instead.

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A Diaphragm Constraint causes all of its constrained joints

to move together as a planar diaphragm that is rigid against
Diaphragm membrane (in-plane) deformation.
This constraint can be used to model concrete floors .
Weld
if the Z axis is chosen, this constraint is equivalent to
a body constraint in the same coordinate system with
Plate
translations X and Y and rotation Z chosen.
Rod

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Equal
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Definition
of
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Non Prismatic
Section
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Nonprismatic Section
..Define..Section Properties..Frame..Add New..Other..Nonprismatic

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Nonprismatic Section
..Define..Section Properties..Frame..Add New..Other..Nonprismatic

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A linear variation in t2 for the rectangular
shape
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would require eivar33=1
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A linear variation in t3 for the
rectangular shape
L
would require eivar33=3. E
A linear variation inM
t3 for the I- shape would re
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The interpolation
of the bending stiffness in the 1A
2 plane, i22 e1, is defined in the same manner
by the parameter eivar22

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Frame Intersection
Point
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Cardinal
Point
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Intersection Point
..Assign..Frame..Intersection Point

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Intersection Point
..Assign..Frame..Intersection Point

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Intersection Point
..Assign..Frame..Intersection Point

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Intersection Point
..Assign..Frame..Intersection Point

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Cardinal Point

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Frame End
. Offset
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End Offset
..Assign..Frame..End Offset

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Examples
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Example 1
Truss-Frame

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V2

D1
B1

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T2

T1

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B3

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Steel 37
All truss members are 2Ls 80x80x8
All frame members are HEA 360
DL, LL, WLL, WLR
X Special Names for chord, vertical & diagonal members

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0.15 t/m

6m
0.24 t/m

1.5 1.0

PD=2 t
PW=0.3 t PL=1 t

10x2.00=20.00 m
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Example 2
RC-Beam

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DL 1.25 t/m
LL 0.50 t/m

DL 1.00 t/m
LL 0.40 t/m

DL 3.0 t
LL 1.2 t

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1.0 1.0
2.5
3.5

2.5
4.5

60 cm

DL 3 t/m, LL 0.4 t/m

25 cm
3

1.0

Concrete Fcu=300 Kg/cm2

Alive Model &

Output Stations
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Example 3
Frame Verification

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Modifiers
Using Two different alternatives

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Example 4
Beam under Temperature
2

A
3

X
10 inch

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Mater1
E=29000 k/in2
=0.000065 /F

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Load Case 1: Increase 20 F

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Load Case 2: Increase 2 F/inch along X-axis

60 F

Load Case 3: Linear Increase 60 F on the top fiber

Case1: Temperature=+20 (+ increase)
Case2: Define/Assign (Joint Patterns) Temperature=2X+10
Case3: Gradient22=+60/3=+20 (+ increase with local 2)
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Example 4
Beam under Temperature
Z

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B

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Case
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Load Case MU
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1
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Ux=0.0013
Ux=0.00065
Uz=-0.0065

Case B
F

Fx=-22.62
Fx=-11.31
Fz=2.545
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DL
Example 5
Frame under different loads and temperature LL
WL
+Settlement + Inclined Support

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Utemp
NUTemp

4m

A
1m

3m

Sec. 1

Sec. 2

90 cm

60 cm

30 cm

Sec. 3
DL 3.0 t
LL 1.2 t

Sec. 2

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30 cm

30 cm

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125 cm

3m

Sec. 3

Sec. 2
Sec. 3

Concrete Fcu=350 Kg/cm2

3m

3m

3m

2m
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Example 5
Frame under different loads and temperature
+Settlement + Inclined Support

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1-DL Case
2-LL Case
3-WL Case
4-Utemp Case :: Uniform Increase 20 C

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25 cm

30 C

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25 cm
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30 C

125 cm

25 cm
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30 C
3

5-NUTemp Case:: Increase 30 C outside the frame

6-Settel Case:: Downward settlement of 1 cm at hinged support

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Example 5
Frame under different loads and temperature
+Settlement + Inclined Support

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Cartesian 2-2-1-20-8-
Cylindrical 2-41-1-14.5-4.5- & Origin=P
Replicate Radial

Example 6
Arch

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10

R2=102+(R-4)2

R-4

8m

4m

3 t/m

Y
X
20.00 m
P=(0,-2.5,0)

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Example 6
Arch

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Horizontal Projection Load

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Example 6
Arch

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Example 7
Prestress Beam Using Tendon Element

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Uz=0.165 inch & M=2004 Kip

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Flat Slab
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Example
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Flat Slab Example

Flat Slab Modeling ::: 3 Alternatives

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H/2

H/2

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Flat Slab Example

Minimum Dimensions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

ts=15 cm.
ts=L/32 for edge spans.
ts=L/36 for internal spans.
bc=1/20 span.
bc=30 cm.
bc=1/15 floor height.
Edge beam depth 3ts

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Flat Slab Example

Flat Slab Modeling ::: 3 Alternatives

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Flat Slab Example

Flat Slab Modeling ::: 3 Alternatives

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Flat Slab Example

AutoCAD DXF

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1. Choose carefully & fix (0,0) point in CAD & SAP

2. Mesh 0.25x0.25 ~ 1.0x1.0 m2
3. Align the mesh at the beams lines, building edges
and lines separating different loads areas.
4. A t least one joint must exist in the column C.G.
5. Large columns may be represented by more joints.
6. Avoid triangle and irregular elements shapes as
much as possible
7. Delete the openings.
8. Apply the rules given in slides 4~6 and 19~20.
9. Draw Slabs in CAD & (Col, beams, SW) in SAP
84

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Flat Slab Example

Input
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

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Fcu=300 Kg/cm2
Slab 22 cm Isotropic == Material angle=0
Beam B25X70
Patterns: OW, Flooring, Wall& LL
Cases: Patterns & DL
Combinations: Work & Ultimate
Flooring=250 Kg/m2 & Walls=350 Kg/m2

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Flat Slab Example

Material Angle

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Isotropic

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Flat Slab Example

Input
Grid 9,10,1

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X Spacing
1.82,3.87,2.87,1.63,1.63,2.87,3.87,1.82

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Y Spacing
3.38,2.74,1.5,1.31,2.25,1.31,1.5,2.68,3.44
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Flat Slab Example

Reactions
Display Show Forces Joints
Display Show Tables..

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Flat Slab Example

RFT

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Flat Slab Example

RFT

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Flat Slab Example

RFT Details

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Flat Slab Example

RFT Details

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Flat Slab Example

Development Length & Embedment Length

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1. Item 4-2-5-1 ECP RC Structures

2. Ld Ld+0.3d from critical section (Column Face
for M and mid span for +M)
3. Le d & Le 0.3d+10

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Check Punching
1.
2.
3.
4.

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q=Q/b0d (6-25) Eq. (4-32-a & 4-32-b & 4-33)

=1.15 for internal columns
=1.30 for edge columns
=1.50 for corner columns

93

Flat Slab Example

Check Deflection item 4-3-1-1

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1. D+L+Creep L/250
2. D+L+Creep L/480

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non structural elements likely to be

damaged by large deflection

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

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L L/360
L?
: from SAP or MM/EI
Ie must be used for estimating
Ie= (Mcr/Ma)3Ig+(1-(Mcr/Ma)3)Ic
SAP modifier= Ie/Ig

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Project No.

DESIGN CALCULATION
SHEET

Flat Slab Example

Check Deflection item 4-3-1-1

Date

Sheet No.
of

Computed by

Checked by

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Subject

Batool

--

Approved by
_

Building

Calculation of Deflection According to ACI 318M-05

Concrete Compressive Strength (f'c)
Concrete Modulus of Rupture (fr)
Concrete Modulus of Elasticity (Ec)
n (Es/Ec)
Section Properties
Thickness of Section (t)
Breadth of Section (b)
Tension Reinforcement (As)

=
=
=

Span (l)
Nutral Axis Depth (z)
Gross Moment of Inertia (Ig)
Cracked Moment of Inertial (Icr)
Cracking Moment (Mcr)

=
=
=
=
=

300.00 Kg/cm2
3.40 MPa
2.6E+04 MPa
7.77

K
L
=

30.00 MPa

E
.

32.00 cm
100.00 cm
14.00 cm2
10.00 m
7.06 cm
273066.67 cm4
80276.33 cm4
5.80E+07 N mm

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=
=
=
=

Service Straining Actions

Bending Moment Due to Dead Load only (Md)
Bending Moment Due to Live Load only (Ml)

=
=

% of Sustained Load from the Live Load

% of Gross Inertia Used in Calculation
Bending Moment Due to Sustained Load (Msus)

=
=
=

Depth of Ten. Reinforcement (d)

Depth of Comp. Reinforcement (d')
Compression Reinforcement (As')

=
=
=

5.40
2.66

2.73E+09
8.03E+08
5.80

(Eq. 9-9)
(Clause 8.5.1)
(Clause 8.5.2)
=
=
=

32.00 cm
3.00 cm
8.00 cm2

mm
4
mm
m. t

m.t
m.t

=
=

5.4E+07 N. mm
2.7E+07 N. mm

50%
100%
6.73 m.t

6.7E+07 N. mm

(Eq. 9-8)

(Calculated by total or percentage of gross moment of inertia)

Calculated Short Time Deflection
Deflection due to Dead Load (i)d
0.3000 cm
3.000 mm
=
=
Deflection due to Live Load (i)l
=
0.1700 cm
=
1.700 mm

95

Flat Slab Example

Check Deflection item 4-3-1-1
Efffective Moment of Inertia
Under Dead Load Only (Ie)d
Under Sustained Load (Ie)sus
Under Dead + Live Load (Ie)d+l

=
=
=

=
=
=

273066.67 cm
203400.45 cm4
151953.891 cm4

Modified Short time Deflection

Deflection due to Dead Load (i)d
Deflection due to Sustained Load (i)sus
Deflection due to Dead + Live Load (i)d+l
Deflection due to Live Load (i)l

=
=
=
=

0.3000
0.5169
0.8446
0.5446

M
ed

Additional Long Term Deflection

For 5 years or more (long)
= 0.91887 cm
For 6 months (long)
= 0.55132 cm

hm

Results

y
l
oh

(Eq. 9-7)

cm
cm
cm
cm

2.73E+09 mm
2.03E+09 mm4
1.52E+09 mm4
4

E
.

K
L

For 12 months (long)

For 3 months (long)

=
=

(Clause 9.5.2.5)
0.64321 cm
0.45944 cm

-- Flat roofs not supporting and not attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large defelections:
(i)l
=
< l/180 =
5.5556 cm
0.5446 cm

-- Floors not supporting and not attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by large deflections:
(i)l
=
< l/360 =
2.7778 cm
0.5446 cm
-- Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements likely to be damaged by
large deflections:
(long) + (i)l =
< l/480 = 2.08333 cm
1.4635 cm
-- Roof or floor construction supporting or attached to nonstructural elements not likely to be damaged by
large deflections:
(long) + (i)l = 1.4635 cm
< l/240 =
4.1667 cm

96

Flat Slab Example

Reactions Slide 88 & Constraint Column Joints

y
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oh

K
L

Reactions Slide 88
Constraint Column Joints

hm

M
ed

E
.

97

y
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Complex Model
K
L
E
.
Addd to
Model
M
e
hm Template
from
A

98

Complex Examples
Edit.. Add to Model from Template

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

99

Define, S-Doom
R 2.5, Z divisions 6
Origin 10.181, 12.586

Complex Examples
Edit.. Add to Model from Template

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

100

Complex Examples
Edit.. Add to Model from Template

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

101

R 2.5, Z divisions 6
Origin 10.215, 7.527

Complex Examples
Edit.. Add to Model from Template

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

E
.

K
L

Complex Examples
Edit.. Add to Model from Template

y
l
oh

M
ed

E
.

Slab edge must be aligned with

doom bottom edge
at their intersection
in DXF stage

hm

K
L

103

y
l
oh

E
Tanks
.

M
ed

hm

K
L

104

Tanks
Problem

y
l
oh

Bearing
Capacity
=1.0 Kg/cm2
=10.0 ton/m2

M
ed

hm

Y Z

K
L

E
.
X

105

Tanks
Model
Grid
Quick Area
2
2
2
5 Areas
6
4
3

y
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oh

M
ed

hm

K
L

E
.

A
Assign Area .. Reverse local 3
+3 face out
106

Tanks
Model 0.5x0.5 m2
Edit Edit Areas
Divide Areas
(0.5x0.5 m2)

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

107

Tanks
Define..J Patterns, ..AssignJoint Patterns

y
l
oh

Define
Joint Patterns
Assign
Joint Patterns

M
ed

hm

Water Pressure=3-(1)Z

K
L

E
.

108

Tanks
Assign Area Loads Surface Pressure

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

109

Tanks
Display Show LoadsAreaContours

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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

110

Tanks
AssignJoints OR Area Springs
Alternative 1:: Area Springs

y
l
oh

K
L

100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2)

hm

M
ed

E
.

111

Edge Joints

Tanks
AssignJoints OR Area Springs

y
l
oh

100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0. 5X0.25

Alternative 2:: Joint Springs

1

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0.25X0.25

100 X Bearing Capacity (ton/m2) X 0.5X0.5

All Base Joints

Corner Joints

112

Tanks
Run.Unstable!!

M
ed

hm

Four corner points to get

symmetric deformed shape

y
l
oh

K
L

E
.

113

Tanks
Deformed Shape

Uy

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

E
.

K
L

Ux

Uz

114

Tanks
Spring Forces

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

115

Tanks
Moments & RFT

y
l
oh

Base RFT, M11 & M22

M
ed

hm

M11 Horizontal RFT

K
L

E
.

M22 Vertical RFT

116

Tanks
Check Bearing Capcity

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

117

y
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oh

E
RAFT
.

M
ed

hm

K
L

118

DL+LL Column Loads are given in blue

RAFT
Problem
Patterns
SDL
SEX
SEY

EQ Core Moments are given in Red

70 t

160 t

480 t

230 t

K
L
300 t

130 t
70 t

Cases 110 t
Patterns+
140 t
SEXN
SEYN
100 t

290 t
140 t

hm

Bearing
Capacity
=2.0 Kg/cm2
=20.0 ton/m2

M
ed

60 t

E
.

190 t

200 t
200 t

160 t
110 t

290 t

360 ton
Mx=My=1100 mt

410 t

y
l
oh

160 t

400 t

410 ton
Mx=My=1100 mt

60 t
140 t

240 t

280 t
180 t

130 t

t=110 cm
Fcu=300 Kg/cm2

85 t

119

RAFT
Patterns, Cases, Combinations, Design M
Patterns
SDL
SEX
SEY
Cases
Patterns+
SEXN
SEYN
Combinations
SDLEX
SDLEXN
SDLEY
SDLEYN

hm

M
ed

y
l
oh

K
L

Design
SDL
SDLEX
SDLEXN
SDLEY
SDLEYN

E
.

120

Patterns
SDL
SEX
SEY

RAFT
Loads

y
l
oh

K
L

SEX

SDL

hm

M
ed

E
.

Load SEX & SEY will be

explained in the lecture

SEY
121

y
l
o
h
Brief Introduction
K
L
E
to
.
M
d
e
ECL
2012
m
h
A
122

Code ECL 2012

y
l
o
h
.. -K
L
E

.
M
d
e
..
m
h
A .
123

y
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K
L

Etabs
M
ed

hm

E
.

124

Etabs
DXF

y
l
oh

1. Prepare DXF for different floors in Autocad as

shown in the given practice in lecture.

K
L

1. Try to avoid triangle and irregular elements shapes

as much as possible
2. Choose carefully & fix (0,0) point in Cad & Etabs
3. The mesh should be applicable for continuity of
the columns and shear walls in all floors
4. Check your mesh in Cad many times before
working on Etabs
5. Delete any thing on layer 0
6. Draw Slabs in Cad & (Col, beams, SW) in Etabs

hm

M
ed

E
.

125

Etabs
DXF

y
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oh

7. Large Columns supporting spaced parallel beams

may be modeled using area elements.
8. Two alternatives to model the retaining wall.

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M
ed

K
L

E
.

126

2-Units

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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

Ton-m
127

Grid 9,10

3- New, edb

X Spacing
1.82,3.87,2.87,1.63,1.63,2.87,3.87,1.82

y
l
oh

Y Spacing
3.38,2.74,1.5,1.31,2.25,1.31,1.5,2.68,3.44

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

4- Grid, Axes, Story data according your project

Master story & similar stories (F2 is master)

128

5- Etabs Commands & Icons

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oh

M
ed

K
L

E
.

5- Options-Window-Change the windows number if

you want

hm

One story
Similar stories
All

129

5- Etabs Commands & Icons

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

130

7- Define Design Data and Material (Slab,

Columns, Core..)

y
l
oh

7- Design data (Options-Preferences-Concrete Frame

Design)

K
L

8- Material properties (Define-Material PropertiesConcrete 350) according the considered code

hm

M
ed

E
.

131

9- Define Wall, Column, Beam, Slab

Sections
9-

y
l
oh

beams.
Define-Frame
sections
(Add
Rectangular) .. Make C30x100, C40x90, B25x60,
B12x60

M
ed

K
L

E
.

9- slabs. Define-Wall/Slab/..sections (Add slab, add

wall) Make W30, W40, Slb20, Slb22 according the
considered code

hm

132

9- Define Wall, Column, Beam, Slab

Sections

y
l
oh

Columns Modifier Ieff=0.7Ig

Shear Walls Ieff=(0.70) or 0.50Ig (2008) 0.35Ig(2012)
Beams
Ieff=0.5Ig (0.35Ig ACI)
Slabs
Ieff=0.25Ig
Chapter 6 in Egyptian RC Code Ch 8 Egy Code loads

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

These modifier for M1,M2,M12

133

10- Import your DXF floors

y
l
oh

File-Import-DXF floor plan

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

134


layer 0
Cad & Etabs

y
l
oh

K
L

E
.

135

M
ed

hm

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oh

M
ed

hm

11-Select slabs then,

Section-Slb22

K
L

E
.

Assign-Shell/Area-Wall/Slab
136

12- Draw Beams, Col, Shear walls

y
l
oh

Draw beams, columns, shear walls with exact cross

sections in Etabs

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

137

12- Draw Beams, Col, Shear walls

y
l
oh

Draw beams, columns, shear walls with exact cross

sections in Etabs

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

138

12- Draw Beams, Col, Shear walls

y
l
oh

Draw beams, columns, shear walls with exact cross

sections in Etabs

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

139

13- Fix the base points

y
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oh

Select the base points and then, Assign-jointsrestraints and choose fixed

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

140

14- Define Diaphragms for floors

y
l
oh

Menu: Define-diaphragm-D1,D2,D3,D4..D10

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

141

14- Assign Diaphragms for floors

y
l
oh

Menu: Select-by story- strory2

Assign-Shell-D2

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

142

After assigning all diaphrams

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

143

15- Mesh Shear Wall Areas

D, L, Equivalent Static EQ
,Temp, H, Wind, Snow
16- Define Static Load Cases
Only for
17-Define Response Spectrum Functions
Spectra Method
18-Define Response Spectrum Cases
19-Define Load Combinations ??Spectra or not?
Retaining Wall !!..
20-Assign Loads D, L,
Scale level
21- P-delta Effect/Dynamic Analysis
26- If Spectra Method is utilized,
22- Define Mass source Scale
the Base Shear of Spectra Method
to the 0.85 Base Shear of Equivalent Static.
23- Assign Piers
ECL2012 P141
24- Check model
27- Re-Run & Check Log File
25- Run Analysis & Check Log File
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
28- Checks: Mass Ratio, Drift, Overturning & Sliding
29- Read Straining Actions

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

E
.

K
L

15-Mesh (Vertically) Shear Wall Areas

..Two Alternatives

meshed
Correct
Not
meshed
Wrong

d
e
hm

1- Bad Alternative
Edit Mesh Areas .

.
M

y
l
2-Better Alternative
o
h
AssignShell/Area
K Mesh Options
Area Object
L
E
meshed
Correct

meshed
Correct
145

16-Static Load Cases

..Define..Static Load Cases

Load Type SWM
1

OW

Dead

SID

Dead

LN

Live

LG

Live

LGT

Live

EXA Quake

Comment

y
l
oh

Own Wight

K
L

Flooring+Walls+.

M
ed

hm

Auto Lateral
Loads

E
.

=0.25, Table 8-7

=0.5, Table 8-7

=1.0, Table 8-7

User Loads

+X dir & Ecc=+0.05

EXB Quake

User Loads

+X dir & Ecc=-0.05

EYA Quake

User Loads

+Y dir & Ecc=+0.05

EYB Quake

User Loads

+Y dir & Ecc=-0.05

146

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Combination
SD
SL
SDL
UD
UDL
UDLEXA
UDLEXAN
UDLEXB
UDLEXBN
UDLEYA
UDLEYAN
UDLEYB
UDLEYBN
UDEXA
UDEXAN
UDEXB
UDEXBN
UDEYA
UDEYAN
UDEYB
UDEYBN

Equation
OW+SID
LN+LG+LGT
OW+SID+LN+LG+LGT
0.9OW+0.9SID
1.4(OW+SID)+1.6(LN+LG+LGT)
1.12SD+ SL+EXA
1.12SD+ SL-EXA
1.12SD+ SL+EXB
1.12SD+ SL-EXB
1.12SD+ SL+EYA
1.12SD+ SL-EYA
1.12SD+ SL+EYB
1.12SD+ SL-EYB
0.9SD+EXA
0.9SD-EXA
0.9SD+EXB
0.9SD-EXB
0.9SD+EYA
0.9SD-EYA
0.9SD+EYB
0.9SD-EYB

hm

M
ed

Static Load Combinations

19-Load Combinations..Define..Load Combinations

Comment
Service Dead (Deflection)
Serivce Live (Deflection)
Serivce Dead+Live
Ultimated Dead
Ultimated Dead+Live
Ultimate Dead+Live+EX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live-EX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live+EX-ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live-EX-ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live+EY+ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live-EY+ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live+EY-ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live-EY-ECC
Ultimate Dead+EX+ECC
Ultimate Dead-EX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+EX-ECC
Ultimate Dead-EX-ECC
Ultimate Dead+EY+ECC
Ultimate Dead-EY+ECC
Ultimate Dead+EY-ECC
Ultimate Dead-EY-ECC

E
.

K
L

y
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Equ

(3-5)

(3-5)

(3-9)

(3-9)

147

19-Load Combinations
Define..Load Combinations
22
23
24
25

Combination
UDLSpecX
UDLSpecY
UDSpecX
UDSpecY

Equation
1.12SD+ SL+SpecX
1.12SD+ SL+SpecY
0.9SD+SpecY
0.9SD+SpecY

K
L

y
l
oh

Comment

Ultimate Dead+Live+SpecX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+Live+SpecY+ECC

Ultimate Dead+SpecX+ECC
Ultimate Dead+SpecY+ECC

E
Dynamic Load. Combinations
M
d
e
hm
A

Equ
(3-5)
(3-5)
(3-9)
(3-9)

148

21- Dynamic & P- Parameters

Analyze..Set Analysis Options..

hm

M
ed

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oh

K
L

E
.

149

22- Mass Source

Define..Mass Source..

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

150

24- Check Model

Analyze..Check Model..

hm

M
ed

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

151

25- Run Check log file

Analyze.. Run..//// File..Last Analysis log File

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

152

26- Scale the Base Shear for Spectra

Method

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

Vdynamic
153

26- Scale the Base Shear for Spectra

Method

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

Vstatic

K
L

E
.

Must be equal to Base

Shear estimated manually
154

26- Scale the Base Shear for Spectra

Method

y
l
oh

K
Scale Factor SpecX= ScaleL
Factor SpecX
E
.
0.85 V
M
d
*
e
V
hm
A
static X

dynamic X

155

26- Scale the Base Shear for Spectra

Method

y
l
oh

Scale Factor SpecY= Scale Factor SpecY

K
L

0.85 Vstatic Y

M
ed

E
.

Vdynamic Y

m
hRe-Run
A !!!

Check Log File

Check Base Shear

156

28- Check Mass Participating Ratios

y
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oh

M
ed

m
h
Item 8-7-3-3-1-5
A
ECL 2012

K
L

E
.

90%

157

28- Check Drifts

UDLSpecX Item 8-8-3-1-a

UDLSpecY
ECL 2012

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

0.005

K
L

E
.

158

28- Check Sliding, Overturning

y
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oh

hm

M
ed

K
L

E
.

159

23 & 29- Assign Piers, Read Results

y
l
Select Every Column and AssignFrame.Pier
oh Label
K Label
Select Every Wall and AssignArea.Pier
L
E
.
M
d
e
hm
A
160

y
l
oh

Etabs -K

.
M

L
E

d
e
Columns
Design
hm
A

161

Etabs

y
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oh

K
L

E
.

Shear Walls
/
Cores
M
d
e
hm Design
A

162