The World of Hindusthani Ragas

Raga Bageshwari
Raga Bageshwari is a midnight Raga, belonging to That Kafi (parental scale). The third, and seventh
notes, i.e. Ga and Ni are Komal (flat) while the rest of the notes are Shuddha (natural). Re and Pa are
omitted in Aroha. There is some controversy over the note Pa and some people omit it completely. Its
Jati or class is Odav Shadav or Odav Sampoorna. Its Vadi or the main note is Ma and the Samvadi or
second important note is Sa. Its Aroha (ascent) and Avroha (descent) are as follows:
Sa Ma Ga (flat) Ma Dha Ni (flat) Sa
Sa Ni (flat) Dha Ma Ga (flat) Ma Ga (flat) Re Sa.
Recommended listening:
Sakhi Man Lage Na sung by Kumar Gandharva (HMV).
Rendering by Ustad Bismillah Khan (instrumental).
Rendering by Pt. V.M. Bhatt (instrumental).
Film song:

Na bole na bole na bole re sung by Lata in the film Azad.

Chah barbaad karegi hamen from the film Shah Jahan.

Raga Yaman

Raga Yaman is derived from Kalyan That (Parental scale). It is an ancient Raga and was in
existence even before the Islamic period. It comprises of all seven notes in Ascent and
Descent. Its Vadi (main) note is Ga and Samvadi (second in importance) is Ni. Its
unique feature is the use of Tivra (Sharp) Madhyam.
Its Aroha (ascent) and Avroha (descent) are as follows:
Sa Re Ga Ma (Sharp) Pa Dha Ni SA
Sa Ni Dha Pa Ma (Sharp) Ga Re Sa.
Excepting Ma, all the rest of the notes are Shuddha.
However, the ascent begins with Ni, and Sa and Pa are avoided in the ascent, which is why it
is termed sometimes as a Sampoorna (seven note) and other times as Shadav (six note) Raga.
Its time of performance is the First Prahar of night.
Recommended listening:
Raga Yaman by Ustad Rashid Khan (Kaho Sakhi)
Raga Yaman (flute) by Anand Murdeshwar To Dadu with Love (Ninaad).
Film songs:
Huzoor Is Kadar Bhi, sung by Bhupinder and Suresh Wadkar in Masoom
Aye Husn Zara Jaag, sung by Rafi in Mere Mehboob.
Is Mod Se Jaate Hain sung by Lata and Kishore Kumar in Aandhi.

I like the Raga Poorvi most. It is from the family of Poorvi That.
Raga Poorvi
Raga

Poorvi

Thaat

Poorvi

Samay

Dusk

Swaras
Used

Tivra Madhyam (M), Komal

Rishabh (Re), Komal Dhaivat
(Dha) . Other notes are Shuddha.

Ascent and Descent of Raga Poorvi

S -r G -M P d N S '

S ' N d P -M -G r S

Hindustani Raga List

Notation
Ni

Nishad

'N

Sa

Shadj

Re

Komal Rishab

Re

Rishab

15.0pt'>

Ga

Gandhar

Ma

Madhyam

Ma'

Thivra Madhyam

Pa

Pancham

Dha

Komal Dhaivath

Dha

Dhaivath

Ni

Komal Nishad

Ni

Nishad

Sa

Shadja

S'

portamento

Meend

Raga List
early morning

Lankadahan Sarang (I)

audav-sampoorna

S (m )R m m P (P )n (D )D n P m P N S '
S'nDnPmPggmRS
mid-day

Lankadahan Sarang (II)

audav-shadav

SRmPNS'
S'nPmRgRS
mid-day

Lankeshri
sampoorna-sampoorna

SGRSSmGPmNDS'
G ' R ' G ' S ' R ' N S ' N D P n D m G m R S /m G m R S /m G R S
N-2

Latangi
sampoorna-sampoorna

SRGMPdNS'
S'NdPMGRS
Madhmad Sarang
Kafi
audava-audava

SRmPnS'
S'nPmRS
Mid day

Madhukauns (Type 2)

Kafi
audava-shaudava

SgMPnS'
SnDPMgS
Madhukauns (Type I)
Kafi
audava-audava

nSgMPnS'
`S n P M g S
N-3

Madhuranjani

Kafi
audava-audava

SgMPNS'
S'NPgmPgmgS'NS
Madhuvanti

NSgMPNS'
S'NDPMgRS
Madhuvanti, Ambika, Madhumalati

Melakarta Dharmavati
audava-sampoorna

N S -g -M P -or M g P -N S '
S'NDPMgRS
Evening

Malashree (Type I)
Kalyan
samika-samika

SGPS'
S'PGS
Kalyan
svarantara

Malashree (Type III) (Popular type)

SGPNS'
S ' N P -(M )G -P G S
Malashree (Type IV)
Kalyan

audava-audava

SGMPNS'
S'NPMGS
Malashree (Type II)
Kalyan
samika-svarantara

SGPS'
S'PMGS
Malati Basant
shadava-shadava

S ' N r S -S G -M D S '
S ' N r ' N D -M G -S m M m G -M g r S
ont-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family: Garamond;mso-hansi-fontfamily:Garamond;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black'>
Bhairavi
shadava-shadava

S G M -M d n S '
S "n d P D D -n D P m -g g m g -S ^' n
N-3

Malavi
Poorvi
shadava-shadava

S r G P -r G M d S '
S ' -N P -M G -r G -r S
Kafi
audava-sampoorna

Malgunji

n S -' D ' n S G -m -D n S '

n S ' n D P m -G m g R S or S ' n D P m G -m g R S
Night

Maligaura
Marwa
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -' n r G -M G r S -r P -M d P -M G M D M -S ' N S '

N r ' S ' N r ' N D P s -M d P M G -M D G -M G M -R S
Evening
Bhairavi or Asavari
audav-audav

Malkauns

S g m d n S ' or ' n S g m d n S '

S ' n d m g S or g m g S
9 pm to midnight

Maluha Kedar

Bilaval
shadava-shadava

S -m G -P -D M P -N S '
S ' D P -M P D P -G m p G m R -' n S ' D ' P ' m s -' m ' P ' N S
N-2

Mand

Bilaval
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -G R -m -G P -m D -P N D S '
S ' D -N P -D m -P G -m R -G S
sarvakalin

Manj khamaj

Manjh

Maru Bihag
Kalyan
audava-sampoorna

S m G -G M P -P N S '
N R ' N D -P M G -M G -M M G -R S -' N S m s
Night
Marva
shadav-shadav

Marwa

S r s -G M D s -N D S '
r ' s -N D s -M G r s -S
D-4

Megh

SmRmPnS'
S'nPmRm'nRS
Kafi
audava-audava

Megh Malhar

n ' P -' N S -(m )R M (m )R -P m -n n P P -n N S '

(m )R ' m ' (m )R ' S ' R ' S ' N S ' -n n P -P n P -(m )R M -(m )' N R
S

Mirabai ki Malhar

Kafi
sampoorna-sampoorna

m -R -S R ' N S -g -m R P -n D N S '
S ' D -n P -m P G m -R m P D m P -g -m R S
Rainy season or night

Miya ki Malhar
Kafi
shadava-shadava

S s -m R s -P -' n s D s -N s S '
S ' n P -m g s -m g s -m -P m m s R s -S
Rainy season or 9 pm to 12 pm

Miya ki Sarang

Kafi
shadava-shadava

S -' n ' D ' n ' D S ' N S -R -m R -m P -' n D S ' N S 'pt;border:solid gray

1.5pt; padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'>
Miyan ki Malhar

RmRSmRPnDNS'
S'nPmPgmRS
Miyan ki todi

Todi
audava-sampoorna

Multani

N S -g M P -N S '
S ' N d P -M g r S
D-4

Nagasvaravali / Nageshvari
Khamaj
audava-audava

S G -m P -D S '
S ' s D P m -P ^G -S G ^s S ' D S
N-2
Kalyan
shadava-sampoorna

Nand / Anandi / Ananda Kalyan

D ' N S G -m M P -D N P -D M P S '
S ' -N P -D M -P G -G m D P -R s S

8 pm - midnight

Nandkauns
shadava-shadava

SGmPmDnS'
S'nDPmGSgS
N-3

Narayani
Khamaj
audava-shadava

S R m P -D S '
R ' S ' -n D P -R m P n D P -m P m -R S -' n ' D S
N-2
Bilaval
audava-sampoorna

Nat or Nata

S -G m -P G m -R G m P -S '
S ' D N P -m G R G -m P -S R S
Nata Bhairav
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -R G m P d N S '
S'NdPmGRS
Morning
Bilaval
shadava-sampoorna

Nata Bihag

S R G m -P N N S '
S ' N D P -G m -n D P m G -(P )m G R S
Night

Nata Bilwal
Bilawal
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -R G m P -N -D N S ' or S G m G -m P m -D N S '
S ' -n D -N P -m s G -R G -R S or m G -m R -S
Morning
Bilaval
shadava-sampoorna

Nata Kedar

S R S m -m G P -P D P S '
S ' N D P -M P D P m -m G m R S
N-2

Nata Malhar
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -R G -m R --m P or G m P S ' -N S ' or n D S '

S ' -D -n P -G -G m P -D D m P -m G m R -' N S
Natanarayani / Natanarayana

Bilaval
shadava-shadava

S R G m P -D P -S '
S D P -G m -S R S
Nayaki Kanada / Nayaki
Kafi
shadava-shadava

n S -R P -g s m -P S ' -n S '
S ' -n P -m P -g s m -R S
N-3

Neelambari

Kafi

R ' n D P -m G g R -' N s ' N S -' D ' n g R s s

Night

Pahadi

Bilaval
audava-sampoorna

S -R G -P D -P D S '
N -D P G m G R -S ' N ' D -' P -' D S
sarvakalin

Pancham
Marwa
audava-shadava

S m G M D -N D -N M D -S '
S ' -N D -M D -M G r S
Bhairavi / Asavari
audava-shadava

Pancham Malkosh / Panch Kauns

SgmdnS'
S'ndmPmgS
Paraj Bahar
Poorvi

Poorvi
audava-sampoorna

Paraj or Paraju

N S G -M d N S '
S ' N d P -M P d P -G m G -M G r S

N-4

Pata bihag

Bilaval
audava-sampoorna/ shadava-sampoorna

S G m P N S ' /S R G m P N S '
S ' N D P -g M -(R )G R S /S ' N D P -m n D P -G m R S -P m G -R S
Patadeep
Kafi
audava -sampoorna

NSgmPNsS'
S ' N D P m g R S ' N s -S g R S
Evening
Kafi
shadava-sampoorna

Patamanjari

S ' P -' N S -G m D s m -P N s S ' -n D m -n s s S '

S ' n D s m -P g s R S ' n -' P -' n S
D-3

Piloo
Kafi
shadava-sampoorna

N S -G m P -' n D P -S '
S ' N d P -d P m g -R S -' N S
Sarvakalin
Marwa
shadava-shadava

Pooria

N r S -G -M D -N r ' S '
S ' -N D M G -r -S
Sandhi Prakash -10 pm

Pooria Dhanashree
Poorvi
sampoorna-sampoorna

N r G M P -d P -N S '
r ' N d P -M g M r G -r S
Evening

Puriya kalyan

Poorvi
Poorvi
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -r G -M P d N S '

S ' N d P -M -G r S
Poorvi Kalyani

Marva
sampooran-sampoorna

S -r G M P D N S '
N r ' N D -N D P -M D M G -N N D M -G r S
Evening to 10 pm

Prabhat Bhairav
Bhairav
sampoorna-sampoorna

S S -r r S -G -m -P P d d -N S '
S ' N d P -m G -r G -m M -G m G -r S
Kafi
audava-sampoorna

Pradeepaki / Patadeepaki

SGmPnS'
S'nDPmGmPgRS
D-3

Puriya

NrSGMDNr'S'
S'NDMGrS
PuriyaDhanashri

NrGMPdPNS'
r'NdPMGMrGrS
Rageshree / Rageshwari
Khamaj
audava-shadava

S G -m D N S '
S ' n D m G R S or S ' N D m G R S or S ' N D n D m G R S
Night

Rageshree Bahar
shadava-sampoorna

S G m D G m -m P g m D n S '
R ' N S ' D n P -m P G m -m D G -R G m G R S
Night

Rageshri

SGmDNS'
S'nDmGRS
Ramdasi Malhar

Kafi
sampoorna-sampoorna

S R P -G m -P n N S ' or P n D N S '
S ' D n m P -D P m G m -P (m )g (m )g m R S
Ramkali
Bhairav
audava-sampoorna

S G -m P -d S '
S ' N d P -M P d N d P -G -m r S
Rasaranjani

Bilaval
audava-audava

S -R -m -D s N S '
S ' s N -D s m -D s m R s S
N-4

Rewa (Poorvi Ang)

Poorvi
audava-audava

S r -G P -d S '
S ' d -P ^G -P ^G -P G r S
Evening
Poorvi
audava-audava

Rewa (Shree Ang)

S -(G )r -(G )r -(P )G P -d S '

S ' d P -G (G )r -(G )r -S
Shahana

Saheli Todi
audava-shadava

S r -g P -d S ' or S r g r g P d n d S '
r ' g ' r ' S ' -d n d P -g r g r -S ' d S
D-2 (9 am to noon)

Salagavarali
Melakarta 46 -Shdvidhamargini

shadava-shadava

S r g P -D -n D P -S '
S ' n D P -g -P -r g r S
D-2

Salang Sarang

SRmPNS'
S'NPmRS
Samanta Sarang
audava-shadava

P ' N S -R -m R -m P -N S ' -m P S '

S ' n D P -m P D P -m n D P -m R -S
D-2

Sampoorna Malkauns
sampoorna-sampoorna

d ' n S m g -m d n S ' d -n R ' S '

g ' g ' S ' n S ' d -m d n d m -P m g g n R S
N-3
Kalyan
audava-audava

Sanjh / Sanjh ka Hindol

S G -M D M N -M D S '
S ' -N D N s -D M G -M G ^S
Evening

Saranga / Brindavani Sarang

audava -sampoorna

SRmPNS'
S'nPmRS
Saranga Malhar
audava-shadava

S -R m -P -N n N -S '
R ' S ' -N -P n P -m P -g M -R S -' N ' N S
N-2

Saraswati
Melakarta 64 Vachaspati
audava-shadava

S R G M -P D n S ' D P -S '
S ' n D P -M G R S
Night till midnight

Sarparda

Bilaval
sampoorna-sampoorna

S -R G m -D P -N D -N S '
S ' -N D P -m G -m R S or N S ' -n D P -m G -m R S
Savani

Poorvi
audava-sampoorna

SgPGmPNS'
S ' N D P G -m g R S
Rainy season

Savani Bihag
Bilaval
audava-sampoorna

SGmPNS
R ' S ' N D -S ' N P -G P m G R S -G s s S
Kalyan
shadava-shadava

Savani Kalyan

P S -R G R S -m G -P D
P D P G -R S ' N ' D ' N ' D -' P
N-1

Saveri
Bhairav
audava-sampoorna

SrmPdS'
S'NdPmGrS
Morning

Shankara

Bilaval
audava-shadava

S G P -N D N S '
S ' N D ^P -G -G P G s -R S
N-2

Shankarabharana
Bilaval
sampoorna-sampoorna

SRGmPDNS'
S'NDPmGRS
Shanmukhapriya
sampoorna-sampoorna

SRgMPdnS'
S'ndPMgRS

Shanmukhpriya

Sharavati
Melakarta 25 Mararanjani
shadava-sampoorna

SmGmPdDdS'
S'DdPmGRS
Kafi
audava-audava

Shivaranjani

S R g P -D -S '
S ' D P -g s -R S s
Night

Shobhavari
Asavari
audava-audava

S -R -m -P -S ' d s s S '
S ' -d -P m -R s s S
Morning

Shree

Poorvi
audava-sampoorna

S (S )r (G )r -S -r -M P -N S '
S ' -N d -P -M G r -G r -r S
Shree Kalyan
Kalyan
audava-audava

S -R -M -P -D P -S '
S ' -D P -M P -R s S
Evening

ShreeRaag

S ^r ^r S -r M P N S '
S ' N d P M G r , G r -r S
Shuddh Bilaval
Bilaval
shadava-sampoorna

S -R -m -m P D N S '
S'NDPmGRS
Morning
Bhairavi
sampoorna-sampoorna

SrgmPdnS'
S'ndPmgrS

Shuddha Bhairavi

Shuddha Kalyan

Kalyan
audava-sampoorna

S -(G )R G -P (S ' )D S '

S ' -(N )D P -M G -R (P )G (P )R S
N-1

Shuddha Malhar (Bilaval That)

Bilaval
audava-audava

S -R m -m P D S '
S ' -D P -m s -R S
Khamaj
shadava-sampoorna

Shuddha Malhar (Khamaj That)

S -R m -R m s -P n D P -N S '
N S ' -n D -G -m P -G m R -R m -P n D P -m R -' N R S
Shuddha Nata
Bilaval
sampoorna-audava

SRGmPDNS'
SDPmRS
Night
Kafi
audava-shadava

Shuddha Sarang

S R -m R -M P -N S ' an d S R -(P )M (P )M P -M P N (D )N S '

S ' N D P -M P D P -m R -S an d S ' N D M P m R -(m )' N (D )' N S
D-2

ShuddhKalyan

SRGPDS'
S ' (N )D -P (M )G R S
ShuddhSarang

SmRMPNS'
S'NDPMPDPmRS
Shukla Bilaval
Bilaval
shadava-sampoorna

SGmPDNS'

S ' N D P -D G -m P m -G R S
Shyam Kedar

Kalyan
shadava-shadava

S R S m -R M -P -D N S '
S ' N D P -D n D P -m -M P D P -m ^s R S
N-2

Shyan Kalyan
Kalyan
audava-sampoorna

N S R -M P -N S '
S ' N D -M P M R -G m R -G ' N S
Simhendramadhyamam

Melakarta 57 - Simhendramadhyamam
sampoorna-sampoorna

SRgMPdNS'
S'NdPMgRS
Night

Sindh / Sindhu
Kafi
sampoorna-sampoorna

N ' d -' n R -G m g g R -m P D S '

S ' n D P -m P -G m -g R -P m g m R S -' D ' n S
Sindhu Bhairavi

Asavari
shadava-sampoorna

S -R g M -' d ' n -S '

S ' -n d P -m g r S
Morning

Sohani / Sohoni / Sohini

Marwa
audava/shadava-shadava

S G -M D N S '
S ' r ' S ' -N D -G -M D -M g -r S
N-4

Sugharai

Kafi
shadava-sampoorna

S R (m )g s m -P n P S '
S ' n D n P -m P -g m R S
D-2

Suha / Suha Kanada

Kafi
audava-shadava

n S -g m -P N m P S '
S ' -n P -m P -m G s -m R S or S ' n P -m P -g m -p g m -R -S
Kafi
shadava-shadava

Suha Sugharai

S R g M -P n m P S '
S ' n P m -g m R S or m P g m R S
Sur Malhar
Kafi
audava-shadava

S (m )R m P N S ' or n N S '
S ' n D m P n D P -m R -(m )' N S
Khamaj
shadava-sampoorna

Tilak Kamod

P ' N S R G S -R m P N S '
S ' N -P D -m G -R G S s
N-2

Tilang
Khamaj
audava-audava

SGmPNS'
SnPmGS
N-2

Todi

S'rgMdNS
S'NdPMgrS
Yaman

NRGMDNS'
S'NDPMGRS
Zilla Kaf
sampoorna-sampoorna

SGMPdNS>*
S>nDPmgRS*