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1. (1 pt)
Use the Integral Test to determine whether the infinite series
is convergent.
4nen
n7
n=1
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n=1
Solution:
Let f (x) = x7 . This function is continuous, positive and
decreasing on the interval x 1, so the Integral Test applies.
Moreover,
Z R
Z
1
x7 dx = 16 lim R6 1 = .
x7 dx = lim
R 1
R
6
1
4nen
n=1
3. (1 pt)
Use the Integral Test to determine whether the infinite series
is convergent.
n2
Solution:
2
Let f (x) = 4xex . This function is continuous and positive
on the interval x 1. Moreover, because
we see that f 0 (x) < 0 for x 1, so f is decreasing on the interval x 1. The Integral Test therefore applies. To evaluate the
improper integral, we use the substitution u = x2 , du = 2x dx.
We then find
4xe
x2
Z R
dx = lim
R 1
4xex dx
2
4
2
lim eR e1 = 1 .
2 R
e
4nen
Solution:
Let f (x) =
also con-
x2
9
3
x +6 2
n=1
verges.
(n3 + 6) 2
Fill in the corresponding integrand and the value of the improper
integral.
Enter inf for , -inf for , and DNE if the limit does not
exist.
R
Compare with 17
dx =
By the Integral Test,
n2
the infinite series
9
n=17 (n3 + 6) 2
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n=17
2
f 0 (x) = 4ex 1 2x2 ,
also con-
n=1
verges.
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
n7
2. (1 pt)
Use the Integral Test to determine whether the infinite series
is convergent.
f (x) =
n7
n=1
9
7
2x x3 + 6 2 x2 92 x3 + 6 2 3x2
(x3 + 6)9
x(24 23x3 )
11
2(x3 + 6) 2
Z
17
1
x2
Z R
9
(x3 + 6) 2
dx = lim
R 17
x2
9
(x3 + 6) 2
dx =
1
lim
3 R
Z R3 +6
du
173 +6
u9/2
2
lim
=
21 R
(R3 + 6) 2
1
7
4919 2
n=17
converges.
7 .
21 4919 2
n2
also
and
(n3 + 6) 2
an+1
= 0 < 1.
= lim
n an
4. (1 pt)
Apply the Ratio Test to determine convergence or divergence, or state that the Ratio Test is inconclusive.
n=1
n=1
1
n ln n
n=1
is:
an+1
=
= lim
n an
n=1
Solution:
With an = n ln1 n ,
an+1
1
n ln n
n
ln n
an = (n + 1) ln(n + 1) 1 = n + 1 ln(n + 1) ,
an+1
= 1 lim ln n .
= lim
n ln(n + 1)
n an
Now, using LHopitals
Rule,
and
an+1 1
= < 1.
= lim
n an
6
ln n
ln x
1/(x + 1)
x
= lim
= lim
= lim
= 1.
x x + 1
ln(n + 1) x ln(x + 1) x 1/x
n=2 n ln n .
1
Using the Integral Test, we can show that the series
n=2 n ln n
diverges.
1
6n
7. (1 pt)
Use the Root Test to determine the convergence or divergence of the given series or state that the Root Test is inconclusive.
n+9 n
n=1 2n + 16
p
L = lim n |a | =
(Enter inf for .)
5. (1 pt)
Apply the Ratio Test to determine convergence or divergence, or state that the Ratio Test is inconclusive.
en
n!
n=1
n=1
an+1
=
= lim
n an
is:
and
1
6n
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Ratio Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
lim
6n
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Ratio Test is inconclusive
6. (1 pt)
Apply the Ratio Test to determine convergence or divergence, or state that the Ratio Test is inconclusive.
n ln n
an+1
=
= lim
n an
en
n!
n+9
2n+16
n
is:
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Root Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
en
n=1 n! is:
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Ratio Test is inconclusive
n+9 n
Solution: With an = 2n+16
,
s
n+9 n
n+9
n
an = n
=
2n + 16
2n + 16
SOLUTION:
2
n
1
Since
converges (its a geometric series with |r| =
n=1 6
1
1
6 < 1 ), we conclude by the Comparison Test that n6n also
n=1
converges.
and
lim
1
n
an < 1.
2
8. (1 pt)
Use the Root Test to determine the convergence or divergence of the given series or state that the Root Test is inconclusive.
1 n
1
+
4n
n=1
p
n
(Enter inf for .)
L = lim |an | =
n
1 n
is:
n=4 1 + 4n
A. convergent
B. divergent
C. The Root Test is inconclusive
SOLUTION:
10. (1 pt)
Use the Comparison Test to determine whether the infinite
series is convergent.
n5
n5 + n
n=1
By the Comparison Test,
1
n5
the infinite series 5
n=1 n + n
A. converges
B. diverges
1 n
,
Solution: With an = 1 + 4n
s
1 n
1 1
n
n
an =
1+
= 1+
4n
4n
and
lim
n
an = 11 = 1.
1 n
. Because
1 + 4n
n5
1
n5
5 = 24 .
n5 + n
n
n5
n=1
"
# 14
1
1 n
1 4n
lim an = lim 1 +
= e 4 6= 0,
1+
= lim
n
n
n
4n
4n
24
24 is a p-series with p = 5 > 1, so it conn5
verges. By the Comparison Test we can therefore conclude that
The series
n=1
n5
the series
n=1 n5 +n also converges.
9. (1 pt)
Use the Comparison Test to determine whether the infinite
series is convergent.
1
n6n
n=1
11. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
cos8 (n)
n4
n=1
1
By the Comparison Test, the infinite series n
n6
n=1
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
8
Note that 0 cos8 (n) 1. So 0 cosn4(n) n14 .
1
Now,
n=1 n4 converges because it is a p-series with p = 4 >
Solution:
n
1
We compare with the geometric series
. For n 1,
6
n
1
1
1
n=
.
n6n
6
6
cos (n)
1. So by the Comparison Test,
converges.
n=1 n4
3
7
n
.
Determine convergence or divergence of
6n
+
9
n=1
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION
1 + (1)n
9n
n=1
7n
6n+9
7n
6n+9
1
6
and bn =
The series
1
6
7
n
1
= lim
= .
n 6n + 9
6
is a divergent p-series p =
6
7
15. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
< 1 . Be-
n=1 n
cause L > 0 exists, by theLimit Comparison Test we can con
7
n
clude that the series
also diverges.
6n
+
9
n=1
5
sin n
n=1
13. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
10n
20n 2n
SOLUTION
Motivated by the approximation sin(x) x for small x, apply
the Limit Comparison Test with the series 1n .
n=1
lim
=
=
=
=
sin( 5n )
5
n
=
=
SOLUTION
n
10n
The terms 2010
n 2n suggest we look at the series 20n .
n
10n
Let an = 2010
n 2n and bn = 20n . We will use the Limit Comparison test:
an
lim
n bn
1
1
n
9 n=1
n7
1
1
1
9 + 18 + 27 +
1 1
1
1
9 1 + 2 + 3 +
=
=
n7
an
L = lim
= lim
n bn
n
1
1
= 0 + 91 + 0 + 18
+ 0 + 27
+
=
=
=
20n
lim n
n 20 2n
20n ln(20)
lim n
n 20 ln(20) 1
20n (ln(20))2
lim n
n 20 (ln(20))2
1
cos( 5n )(5/n2 )
n
5/n2
5
lim cos
n
n
5
cos lim
n n
cos 0
1
lim
(1)n1
n2/5
n=1
14. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
1 + (1)n
9n
n=1
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION
n1
Let an = (1)
.
n2/5
1
1
, and n2/5
is divergent since
The absolute value of an is n2/5
it is a p-series with p 1. So the given series is not absolutely
convergent.
1
1
However, { n2/5
} is decreasing, and limn n2/5
= 0. So by
(1)n1
17. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
| cos(9n)|
|r| = 18 < 1. So by the Comparison Test,
conn=1
8n
verges.
cos(9n)
Therefore
is absolutely converent.
n=1 8n
(1)n n6
5
n=1 n + 4
20. (1 pt)
Determine convergence or divergence by any method.
n=1
n6
n7 n
A. converges
B. diverges
SOLUTION:
Solution:
Apply the Limit Comparison Test and compare with the divergent harmonic series:
L
n6
n7 n
= lim 1
n
n
n7
= 1.
n n7 n
= lim
18. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
sin n
4
n3
n=1
n6
n7 n
diverges.
21. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
7 n7 + 7
n=1
SOLUTION
sin( n )
Let an = n34 .
We have that 0 |an | n13 . And n13 is convergent because
it is a p-series with p > 1. So |an | is convergent by the Comparison Test. So an is absolutely convergent.
SOLUTION
19. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
lim
an
n bn
=
=
cos(9n)
8n
n=1
=
5
lim
n 7 n7 + 7
1
lim p
1 + 7/n7
1
n 7
1
So by the Limit Comparison Test,
n=1 7 7
n +7
converges if
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 12. For x 6= 12, we can
apply the ratio test:
an+1
=
lim
n an
=
22. (1 pt)
Determine the convergence or divergence of the series
(1)n+1
(2n + 10)!
n=1
1
(2n+10)!
(1)n+1
(2n+10)! ,
n+1
lim
(x 12)
n
n
|x 12|
then
(1)
as n . By the Leibniz Test,
n=1 (2n+10)! must be convergent.
25. (1 pt)
Find the interval of convergence for the power series
23. (1 pt)
Use the Ratio Test to determine the radius of convergence of
the following series:
2n n
x
n=1 n
xn
22n
n=0
R=
SOLUTION:
Solution:
With an =
xn
22n ,
SOLUTION:
an+1 |x|n+1 22n
|x|
an = 22n+1 |x|n = 22
and
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 0. For x 6= 0, we can
apply the ratio test:
an+1 |x|
= .
= lim
n an
22
n+1
2 xn+1
n+1
lim n
n 2 xn
n
n
=
lim
|2x|
n n + 1
=
|2x|
an+1
=
lim
n an
|x|
22
So the series converges for |2x| < 1 and diverges for |2x| > 1.
That is, it converges for |x| < 12 and diverges for |x| > 12 .
There are two cases where |x| = 12 .
1
If x = 21 , then the series simplifies to
n=1 n which is the
Harmonic Series, and not convergent.
n1
If x = 12 , then the series simplifies to
n=1 (1) n which is
the Alternating Harmonic Series, and is convergent.
So the interval of convergence is 21 , 12 .
n (x 12)
n=0
26. (1 pt)
Find the interval of convergence for the power series
n=0
28. (1 pt)
Find the interval of convergence for the power series
SOLUTION:
(10)n
(x 7)n
n!
n=0
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 0. For x 6= 0, we can
apply the ratio test:
(1)n+1 n+1 x2n+2
an+1
n+1
49
= lim
lim
n
n an
(1)n 49nn x2n
n+1 2
=
lim
x
n 49n
1 2
=
49 x
1 2
1 2
So the series converges for 49
x < 1 and diverges for 49
x >
1. That is, it converges for 7 < x < 7 and diverges for x < 7
and x > 7.
1 2
There are two cases where 49
x = 1.
If x = 7, then the series simplifies to
n=0 n which is not
convergent.
n
If x = 7, then the series simplifies to
n=0 (1) n which is
also not convergent.
So the interval of convergence is (7, 7).
n!
=
=
10
|x 7|
n+1
0
27. (1 pt)
Find the interval of convergence for the power series
29. (1 pt)
Use Eq. (1) from the text to expand the function into a power
series with center c = 0 and determine the set of x for which the
expansion is valid.
(x + 5)n
n8
n=10
f (x) =
1
15x
SOLUTION:
1
1 5x
=
n=0
SOLUTION
The series certainly converges for x = 5. For x 6= 5, we
can apply the ratio test:
(x+5)n+1
an+1
(n+1)8
=
lim
lim
n
n an
n (x+5)
n8
1
= (5x)n = (5)n xn .
1 5x n=0
n=0
This series is valid for |5x| < 1, or |x| < 15 . Thus, the interval of
1
convergence is 1
5 ,5 .
n8
|x + 5|
n (n + 1)8
|x + 5|
=
=
lim
lim
SOLUTION:
30. (1 pt)
Expand the function f (x) =
1
in a power series with
1 + 10x
Solution:
Substituting 3x for x in the Maclaurin series for
center c = 0.
1
= an xn , where an =
1 + 10x n=0
What is the interval of convergence? Give your answer using interval notation. If you need to use , type INF. If there is
only one point in the interval of convergence, the interval notation is [a]. For example, if 0 is the only point in the interval of
convergence, you would answer with [0].
.
The interval of convergence is
SOLUTION:
1
1x
gives
1
= (3x)n
1 3x n=0
This series is valid for |3x| < 1, or |x| < 31 . Thus, the interval of
convergence is ( 13 , 31 ).
33. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = cos(15x).
cos(15x) =
n=0
SOLUTION
The geometric series tells us that
1
1r
rn
n=0
(10x)n
n=0
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for sin(x) has
n n
(10)
cos(x) =
Since the geometric series equality holds exactly when |r| <
1, the equality we have holds exactly when | 10x| < 1. Than
1
.
is, when |x| < 10
1 1
So the interval of convergence is 10
, 10 .
f (x) =
SOLUTION:
f 00 (0) = 1,
cos(15x) =
if
f 0 (0) = 12,
31. (1 pt)
Write out the first four terms of the Maclaurin series of f (x)
f (0) = 10,
(1)n x2n
n=0 (2n)!
n=0
f 000 (0) = 14
34. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = sin(2x).
sin(2x) =
n=0
Solution:
The first four terms of the Maclaurin series of f (x) are
f (0) + f 0 (0)x +
= 12x 10 +
x2 14x3
+
.
2
6
32. (1 pt)
Find the Maclaurin series and corresponding interval of convergence of the following function.
f (x) =
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for sin(x) has
(1)n x2n+1
n=0 (2n + 1)!
sin(x) =
1
1 3x
f (x) =
(2n + 1)!
n=0
sin(2x) =
n=0
SOLUTION
The Maclaurin series for ex has
ex
35. (1 pt)
3
Find the Maclaurin series for f (x) = x2 ex .
x3
x2 e =
xn
n!
n=0
Substituting
n=0
x3
for x gives
ex
x3n
n=0 n!
n! x3n+2
n=0
x3
c
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