Population Pyramid Comparison

A. As of right now, Saudi Arabia seems to be in Stage 3 of the demographic transition

model. In 2050, I predict Saudi Arabia will be in late Stage 3 moving on to Stage 4.
Currently in 2016, the center of Saudis population is centered around middle age at
about 35-40 years old. The second highest population is young children who are in their
pre reproductive years. This proves that Saudi Arabia has a higher fertility rate than that
of a Stage 4 country and a higher birth rate and lower death rate because there is more of
a younger to middle aged population and less people living to old age. In 2050, Saudi
Arabia could be close to becoming a Stage 4 country because most of the population is
centered around 40-50 year olds and there are more people living past 65, and less prereproductive individuals than in 2016. This means that the TFR is less than it was in 2016
(maybe due to increased use of contraceptives), and the Birth Rate and Death rate are
beginning to balance and the NRI is about to equal zero.
B. In 2016, the highest population for Saudi is middle-aged people at around 35-40 years
old while in 2050 the center is around 35-50 years old. This indicates that in 2016, there
is a higher total fertility rate and a higher birth rate than in 2050 because the population
most likely consists of younger individuals. There is a shorter life expectancy in 2016
because most people are not living past 65 years old. In 2050, since there is more of an
elderly population, there will be more workers in jobs that will compensate for the
elderly. There is a higher life expectancy, and a lower total fertility rate. There is even a
lower infant mortality rate because most infants and reaching adult hood.
C. In 2016, the smallest population group is individuals past 65 years old while in 2050 the
lowest is elderly individuals past 75 years old. This says that society is growing larger
and expanding. Advances is healthcare and medicine could be the cause of longer life

expectancies and advances to better elderly programs could be explained for an increase
in old age among Saudi Arabia.
D. In 2016, three issues that Saudi Arabia could be: Since there are little infants reaching old
age, is there proper healthcare supporting young and middle aged individuals? Since
there one of the highest peaks is children between 5-9 years old, are women learning
about reproductive health and contraceptives to lower fertility rate? Could lower fertility
rates be achieved by family planning? Lastly, since very few middle-aged people are
making it to old age, are there proper services for elderly people in Saudi Arabia? A
solution for more babies reaching adult hood and to lower the pre-reproductive
population is to implement proper health care services in delivery rooms and in hospitals.
Also, an increase in pediatricians could help with this problem because it would be easier
access to healthcare that specializes in children. This would help more children survive
which means fewer families would overcompensate because of a higher infant mortality
rate. To ensure more middle-aged people reach old age, there could be an increase in
vaccinations and retirement homes. In this way, people will not get infected by diseases
and die before they become old and with retirement homes the elder population can be
safe and well taken care off which increases their chances of surviving. In 2050, three
issues that Saudi Arabia could face are: since there is a higher older population then there
was in the past, are middle aged workers going to have to work harder to compensate?
Will economic growth decrease because there are less working class people due to the
higher dependency ratio? Will health care benefits be affected due to a higher elderly
population? Due to the growing elderly population, workers may have to increase work
hours due to pension and medicare fees. Maybe, Saudi Arabia could have a program
similar to Social Security that way the elderly can have retirement funds so that they

middle aged will not have to overcompensate for them. In the issue of economic growth,
since there is a high young population, there will also be more jobs available for them as
well so with an increase in jobs for the next generation economic growth will not
decrease.