Projections of Solids

Learning Objectives
1. To learn projections of engineering solids
in a given position.
2. To know how to transfer a point from one
view to another view on the surface of a solid.

Division of Engineering Solids

Solids may be divided into two main
groups:
Polyhedra

Solids of revolution

Prism

10.2. PRI

Pyramid

Cone

Axis
Generator

Base

Right circular cone

Oblique circular cone

AXIS

Frustum of Prism or Cone

Frustum of Pyramid

Frustum of Cone

Projection of Solids

(a)

(b)

(c)

Axis perpendicular to (a) HP, (b) VP, (C) PP

3rd angle projection

Projection of Prisms and Cylinders

Axis perpendicular to HP or Ground (Ground Line GL)

Axis perpendicular to VP

3rd angle projection

Projection of Pyramids and Cones

Axis perpendicular to HP or Ground (Ground Line)

Axis perpendicular to VP

Projection of Solids
Axis perpendicular to PP

Transfer of Point from One View to another

View
A square prism is standing on its base on the ground with all four
faces equally inclined to VP. Draw projections of solid. There are
two points marked, one on the top base and one on the face
AADD. Transfer a face point from FV to TV. Transfer a base point
from TV to FV.

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

A cylinder is standing on its base on the ground. Draw projections
of solid. There are two points marked, one on the top base and
one on the curved face. Transfer a visible point from FV to TV and
from TV to FV.

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

In case of pyramids and cones, there are two
methods for the transfer of point(s) from one view to
another view.
1) Drawing a slant line starting from apex to the
base or from base to apex
2) Drawing a line parallel to the base. (This method
is also called as cutting plane method.)

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

A cone is resting on its base on the ground. There is a visible point
p marked on slant surface. Draw projections of solid. Transfer the
visible point from FV to TV.

Alternative method

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

A cone is standing on its base on the ground. Draw
projections of solid. Transfer a visible point (P) on
curved surface from FV to TV.

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

A square pyramid is resting on its base on the ground with all four
base edges equally inclined to VP. There is a visible point p
marked on slant surface OAB. Draw projections of solid. Transfer a
visible point from FV to TV.

Transfer of Point from One View to another View

A square prism is resting on its vertical edge on the ground with
its axis parallel to HP and VP. There are two points, one (V) on
vertical edge CC and another (U) on base-edge BC. Transfer these
points on respective edges in the TV.